Actually, the term “clinical proteomics” defines proteomic technologies employed to examine clinical samples [21]. The available genomic data have now been translated to proteomics, making the discovery of biomarkers increasingly feasible. With its high-throughput and unbiased approach to the analysis of variation in protein expression patterns (actual phenotypic expression of genetic variation), proteomics promises to be the most suitable platform for biomarker discovery. This hopefulness is based on the increasing advances and ability of proteomic technologies to identify thousands of proteins and peptides in complex biological tissues and biofluids, such as plasma, serum and urine [22]. In the past decade, many novel proteomic technologies were emerged and applied to several biological systems for the understanding of cellular activities, disease development and physiological responses to therapeutic interventions and environmental perturbations [23]. One of such emerging field is the application of proteomic technologies to toxicological research, which has given rise to a new area called toxicoproteomics [24]. Drug induced toxicity represents a significant problem in healthcare delivery, therefore the early detection of organ toxicity may provide great benefits to patients, preventing further onset of adverse events and complications of disease management. Incidences of toxicity in liver, heart, brain, kidney and other organs have been reported with the use of different therapeutic drugs. In particular, various epidemiologic investigations proved that different drug types could cause nephrotoxicity, especially in chronic patients.