Figure 1 Phylogenetic tree of novel betacoronaviruses based on the nucleotide sequence of the RdRp gene. The following coronaviruses (CoVs) and GenBank accession numbers were used: bat severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV Rm1 (bat SARS-CoV Rm1; DQ412043), bat SARS-CoV Rp3 (DQ071615), bat SARS-CoV Rf1 (DQ412042), bat SARS-CoV HKU3 (DQ022305),SARS-CoV isolate Tor2/FP1–10895 (SARS-CoV Tor2; JX163925), SARS-CoV BJ182–12 (SARS-CoV BJ182; EU371564), SARS-CoV (NC004718), civet SARS-CoV SZ3 (AY304486), civet SARS-CoV SZ16 (AY304488), bat CoV HKU9 (BtCoV-HKU9; EF065513), bat CoV HKU4 (BtCoV-HKU4; EF065505), bat CoV HKU5 (BtCoV-HKU5; EF065509), human betacoronvirus 2c EMC/2012 (HCoV-EMC; JX869059), human CoV OC43 (HCoV-OC43; NC005147), HCoV-HKU1 (NC006577), bat coronavirus HKU2 (BtCoV-HKU2; NC009988), bat coronavirus 1A (BtCoV-1A; NC010437), HCoV-229E (NC002645), HCoV-NL63 (NC005831), bat CoV HKU8 (BtCoV-HKU8; NC010438), scotophilus bat CoV 512 (BtCoV-512; NC009657), avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV; NC001451), beluga whale CoV SW1 (BWCoV; NC010646). Scale bar indicates genetic distance estimated by using TN93+G+I model implemented in MEGA5 (www.megasoftware.net).