All the patients underwent TAESM in Fuwai Hospital, and all the surgical procedures of the 93 patients were technically successful. Initial intraoperative TEE showed a decrease in the LVOT gradient in all (pre- vs intraoperatively, 91.76 ± 25.08 vs 14.34 ± 13.44 mmHg, P < 0.0005) and a significant improvement in MR (disappeared or mild). Six patients (6 of 93) had a LVOT gradient of 13–50 mmHg at rest and 74–124 mmHg after provocation, all of whom had drug-refractory symptoms after activity. They also underwent myectomy and all had a very good outcome. Further resection was carried out in two patients (2.2%) because intraoperative TEE showed a high LVOT gradient after the initial resection. Six patients had mitral valve replacement (MVR) because of obvious pathological changes of the mitral valve, such as damage by subacute bacterial endocarditis. Besides, another four cases underwent MVR after failed mitral valve plasty (MVP). Finally, SAM disappeared completely in 92 patients; only one (1.1%) still had mild SAM but without mitral-septal contact. Some concomitant surgical procedures were performed in 37 cases (37 of 93, 39.8%), including MVR in 10, MVP in nine, aortic valve replacement in six, tricuspid valve plasty in two, CABG in 18, Modified Maze procedure in three, cardiac tumour resection in two and RVOT reconstruction in one. Twelve patients had more than one concomitant procedure.