Finally, until fairly recently, the focus of software design and evaluation has been on usability and functionality in what are referred to as instrumental qualities. Current trends emphasize non-instrumental aspects of interface design and evaluation. These can be separated into the three categories; hedonics (concerned with [un]pleasant sensations), esthetics, and pleasure/fun (Mahlke, 2005). This development might be seen as attempting to establish the basics first before fine-tuning the details later. Nevertheless, Tractinsky et al. (2000) demonstrates that the perception of how usable a system is increases as visual esthetics of the system increases, although its actual usability remains unchanged. A valid question to ask, then, is whether BCI application design and evaluation can and should follow the same pattern of developing usable systems first before “targeting” the non-instrumental qualities. Given the current limitations of BCIs, how much of the existing knowledge of HCI design and evaluation can be applied to BCIs? It depends on the purpose of the application and how much control is required for the application to be used. Computer applications for BCI might be divided into three broad categories – programs for communication, tools for functional control, and entertainment applications. Entertainment programs can further be subdivided into games, tools for creativity and interactive media. The focus of evaluation for communication and functional applications should be on usability and functionality, while the focus of entertainment applications should be on pleasure and entertainment.