This work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health (NS054809), the Emory University Neurosciences Initiative, a Coulter Foundation Translational Research Award, the National Science Foundation (EFRI 0836017), and an Epilepsy Research Foundation New Therapy Grant. We also thank the students of Georgia Tech's Hybrid Neural Microsystems course (Robert Ortman, Jeff Bingham, Wafa Soofi, and Ryan Hooper) and Dr. Chad Hales for helping adapt NeuroRighter for use in vitro.