Recently introduced advanced and quantitative MRI methods including T2 relaxation time measurements, muscle fat quantification using the 3-point Dixon technique, magnetic resonance spectroscopy and perfusion imaging are quite promising, but also challenging in terms of the quantification and further specification of the disease process and disease monitoring. In addition, quantification of muscle volume by muscle MRI and advanced quantitative MRI methods may be used for controlling the safety and efficacy of (experimental) treatment. Further in vivo studies are needed to investigate whether these methods are useful for implementation in a clinical routine setting.