In conclusion, with the role of imaging beginning to shift towards providing complementary information concerning tumour dynamics and physiology, our results revealed the promising and determinant role of the perfusion technique in the preoperative histopathological assessment of cerebral intra-axial tumours. By detecting and quantifying microvascular density and capillary permeability PCT helps to distinguish cerebral lymphomas from high-grade gliomas and facilitates the preoperative histopathological grouping of brain gliomas. Information obtained by the in vivo monitoring of tumour proliferation and angiogenesis may support the role of PCT in the clinical routine not only preoperatively but also in the post-treatment assessment and follow-up of patients with intra-axial cerebral tumours. However, additional studies are required to differentiate between patients with high- and low-grade gliomas as well as between those with radionecrosis and recurrence.