STAT-3 activation
Signal transducers and activators of transcription protein-3 (STAT-3) play an important role in cell growth and differentiation. They are considered important because the mRNA of this protein is upregulated in rats with glaucoma. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), which is an interleukin-6 cytokine injected into the eyes of rats with increased IOP reduced apoptosis, phosphorylated STAT-3, and reduced the activity of caspase-3. Interleukin-10 also has neuroprotective activity, which promotes survival of RGCs, due to IL-10 signaling through the STAT-3 pathway.[101–103]