Two constructs were generated expressing the full-length mouse Rds cDNA (1.7 kb) containing the P341Q modification (called NMP), for specific detection with the mAB 3B6 monoclonal antibody [18]. Either the human interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) promoter (1.3 kb) [33] or the chicken beta-actin (CBA) promoter (280 bp) was used to drive NMP expression. The two promoter regions were amplified from genomic DNA by PCR, sequenced, and then sub-cloned into the pXL-TOPO vector in front of NMP using EcoR I and BamH I restriction enzymes. The two plasmid DNAs were individually compacted into rod-like acetate nanoparticles (Figure S1) at Copernicus Therapeutics as reported previously [12], [13], and were used at a final concentration of 3.06 µg/µl in 0.9% saline.