Abbreviations ARM – armodafinil ATX – atomoxetine DEX – dexamphetamine dMPH – dexmethylphenidate FDA – Food and Drug Administration, the United States regulatory agency deciding on marketing authorizations for pharmaceutical products GKV – Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung, statutory health insurance in Germany, covering approximately 90% of the population IR – immediate release (formulation) LisDEX – lisdexamphetamine, a prodrug of amphetamine in phase III clinical development MAS – mixed amphetamine salts MOD – modafinil MPH – methylphenidate MR – modified release (formulation) MR08 – modified release formulation with duration of action of approximately 8 hours MR12 – modified release formulation with duration of action of approximately 12 hours NHS – National Health Service (England) SHI – statutory health insurance in Germany (see GKV) TDS – transdermal system