Figure 3  Projected prescription drug expenditures for ADHD in children and adolescents, 2001 – 2012 (base case). a, b: Defined daily doses (DDDs) p.a.; c, d: expenditures by category p.a.; e, f: total (cumulated) expenditures p.a.; left: England; right: Germany. MPH: methylphenidate; IR: immediate-release formulations (RitalinR, branded generics [EquasymR, MedikinetR], generics; FocalinR); MR: modified-release formulations (ConcertaR XL, EquasymR XL, MedikinetR retard, FocalinR XR; MPH-Patch: transdermal system (DaytranaR); LisDEX: lisdexamphetamine (NRP104); Nonstimulants: atomoxetine (StratteraR), armodafinil (NuvigilR); DEX: dexamphetamine (England only).