Determination of blood lipids. We measured total cholesterol, free cholesterol, and tri-glycerides in plasma samples by standard enzymatic procedures. Concentrations of phospholipids were determined according to the enzymatic method of Takayama et al. (1977) using a commercial kit (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Richmond, VA, USA). We estimated the concentrations of total plasma lipids using the formula developed by Phillips et al. (1989).