SF = 1  SF = 2  SF = 4  SF = 10
Raised-risk area  θ = 1.5  θ = 2  θ = 3  θ = 1.5  θ = 2  θ = 3  θ = 1.5  θ = 2  θ = 3  θ = 1.5  θ = 2  θ = 3
Simu 1
 10% area (E = 0.84)  1.01  1.02  1.06  1.01  1.02  1.12  1.01  1.03  1.20  1.01  1.07  1.40
 25% area (E = 1.10)  1.03  1.04  1.10  1.00  1.03  1.15  1.01  1.05  1.28  1.02  1.09  1.52
 50% area (E = 1.92)  1.02  1.05  1.15  1.00  1.05  1.28  1.02  1.08  1.46  1.03  1.16  1.79
 75% area (E = 5.37)  1.03  1.05  1.31  1.03  1.07  1.55  1.04  1.12  1.86  1.05  1.33  2.35
 90% area (E = 7.38)  1.03  1.07  1.34  1.03  1.10  1.62  1.04  1.15  2.07  1.07  1.40  2.47
Simu 2
 1% cluster (Ē = 5.42)  1.04  1.08  1.45  1.04  1.14  1.76  1.05  1.23  2.11  1.09  1.45  2.43
Simu 3  θ* = 1.35  θ* = 1.65  θ* = 2.1  θ* = 1.35  θ* = 1.65  θ* = 2.1  θ* = 1.35  θ* = 1.65  θ* = 2.1  θ* = 1.35  θ* = 1.65  θ* = 2.1
 20 × 1% clusters (Ē range: 0.77–11.6)  1.04  1.23  1.63  1.07  1.3  1.74  1.12  1.38  1.84  1.19  1.48  1.95