Whilst few historical studies exist on other forms of tourist travel and the health issues which faced travellers prior to the post-war era, the existing studies do largely date to the 1970s (e.g. Steele, 1997 ), 1980s (e.g. Reid, Cossar, Ako, & Dewar, 1986 ) and 1990s (e.g. Cossar et al., 1990 and all these studies have come from the field of medicine known as epidemiology (i.e. the study of disease outbreaks and their propensity to grow to epidemics).