# Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue T246 0-7 NN denotes Odorant T248 0-151 sentence denotes Odorant receptor expressed sequence tags demonstrate olfactory expression of over 400 genes, extensive alternate splicing and unequal expression levels T247 8-16 NN denotes receptor T249 17-26 VBN denotes expressed T251 27-35 NN denotes sequence T250 36-40 NNS denotes tags T252 41-52 VBP denotes demonstrate T253 53-62 JJ denotes olfactory T254 63-73 NN denotes expression T255 74-76 IN denotes of T256 77-81 IN denotes over T257 82-85 CD denotes 400 T258 86-91 NNS denotes genes T259 91-93 , denotes , T260 93-102 JJ denotes extensive T262 103-112 JJ denotes alternate T261 113-121 NN denotes splicing T263 122-125 CC denotes and T264 126-133 JJ denotes unequal T266 134-144 NN denotes expression T265 145-151 NNS denotes levels T267 151-152 sentence denotes "" T268 611-621 sentence denotes Background T269 611-621 NN denotes Background T270 621-703 sentence denotes " The olfactory receptor gene family is one of the largest in the mammalian genome." T271 622-625 DT denotes The T273 626-635 JJ denotes olfactory T274 636-644 NN denotes receptor T275 645-649 NN denotes gene T272 650-656 NN denotes family T276 657-659 VBZ denotes is T277 660-663 CD denotes one T278 664-666 IN denotes of T279 667-670 DT denotes the T280 671-678 JJS denotes largest T281 679-681 IN denotes in T282 682-685 DT denotes the T284 686-695 JJ denotes mammalian T283 696-702 NN denotes genome T285 702-703 . denotes . T286 703-901 sentence denotes Previous computational analyses have identified approximately 1,500 mouse olfactory receptors, but experimental evidence confirming olfactory function is available for very few olfactory receptors. T287 704-712 JJ denotes Previous T289 713-726 JJ denotes computational T288 727-735 NNS denotes analyses T291 736-740 VBP denotes have T290 741-751 VBN denotes identified T292 752-765 RB denotes approximately T293 766-771 CD denotes 1,500 T295 772-777 NN denotes mouse T296 778-787 JJ denotes olfactory T294 788-797 NNS denotes receptors T297 797-799 , denotes , T298 799-802 CC denotes but T299 803-815 JJ denotes experimental T300 816-824 NN denotes evidence T302 825-835 VBG denotes confirming T303 836-845 JJ denotes olfactory T304 846-854 NN denotes function T301 855-857 VBZ denotes is T305 858-867 JJ denotes available T306 868-871 IN denotes for T307 872-876 RB denotes very T308 877-880 JJ denotes few T310 881-890 JJ denotes olfactory T309 891-900 NNS denotes receptors T311 900-901 . denotes . T312 901-1170 sentence denotes We therefore screened a mouse olfactory epithelium cDNA library to obtain olfactory receptor expressed sequence tags, providing evidence of olfactory function for many additional olfactory receptors, as well as identifying gene structure and putative promoter regions. T313 902-904 PRP denotes We T315 905-914 RB denotes therefore T314 915-923 VBD denotes screened T316 924-925 DT denotes a T318 926-931 NN denotes mouse T320 932-941 JJ denotes olfactory T319 942-952 NN denotes epithelium T321 953-957 NN denotes cDNA T317 958-965 NN denotes library T322 966-968 TO denotes to T323 969-975 VB denotes obtain T324 976-985 JJ denotes olfactory T325 986-994 NN denotes receptor T326 995-1004 VBN denotes expressed T328 1005-1013 NN denotes sequence T327 1014-1018 NNS denotes tags T329 1018-1020 , denotes , T330 1020-1029 VBG denotes providing T331 1030-1038 NN denotes evidence T332 1039-1041 IN denotes of T333 1042-1051 JJ denotes olfactory T334 1052-1060 NN denotes function T335 1061-1064 IN denotes for T336 1065-1069 JJ denotes many T338 1070-1080 JJ denotes additional T339 1081-1090 JJ denotes olfactory T337 1091-1100 NNS denotes receptors T340 1100-1102 , denotes , T341 1102-1104 RB denotes as T343 1105-1109 RB denotes well T342 1110-1112 IN denotes as T344 1113-1124 VBG denotes identifying T345 1125-1129 NN denotes gene T346 1130-1139 NN denotes structure T347 1140-1143 CC denotes and T348 1144-1152 JJ denotes putative T350 1153-1161 NN denotes promoter T349 1162-1169 NNS denotes regions T351 1169-1170 . denotes . T352 1170-1179 sentence denotes " Results" T353 1172-1179 NNS denotes Results T354 1179-1266 sentence denotes " We identified more than 1,200 odorant receptor cDNAs representing more than 400 genes." T355 1180-1182 PRP denotes We T356 1183-1193 VBD denotes identified T357 1194-1198 JJR denotes more T359 1199-1203 IN denotes than T358 1204-1209 CD denotes 1,200 T361 1210-1217 JJ denotes odorant T362 1218-1226 NN denotes receptor T360 1227-1232 NNS denotes cDNAs T363 1233-1245 VBG denotes representing T364 1246-1250 JJR denotes more T366 1251-1255 IN denotes than T365 1256-1259 CD denotes 400 T367 1260-1265 NNS denotes genes T368 1265-1266 . denotes . T369 1266-1468 sentence denotes Using real-time PCR to confirm expression level differences suggested by our screen, we find that transcript levels in the olfactory epithelium can differ between olfactory receptors by up to 300-fold. T370 1267-1272 VBG denotes Using T372 1273-1277 JJ denotes real T374 1277-1278 HYPH denotes - T373 1278-1282 NN denotes time T375 1283-1286 NN denotes PCR T376 1287-1289 TO denotes to T377 1290-1297 VB denotes confirm T378 1298-1308 NN denotes expression T379 1309-1314 NN denotes level T380 1315-1326 NNS denotes differences T381 1327-1336 VBN denotes suggested T382 1337-1339 IN denotes by T383 1340-1343 PRP$ denotes our T384 1344-1350 NN denotes screen T385 1350-1352 , denotes , T386 1352-1354 PRP denotes we T371 1355-1359 VBP denotes find T387 1360-1364 IN denotes that T389 1365-1375 NN denotes transcript T390 1376-1382 NNS denotes levels T391 1383-1385 IN denotes in T392 1386-1389 DT denotes the T394 1390-1399 JJ denotes olfactory T393 1400-1410 NN denotes epithelium T395 1411-1414 MD denotes can T388 1415-1421 VB denotes differ T396 1422-1429 IN denotes between T397 1430-1439 JJ denotes olfactory T398 1440-1449 NNS denotes receptors T399 1450-1452 IN denotes by T400 1453-1455 RB denotes up T402 1456-1458 IN denotes to T401 1459-1467 RB denotes 300-fold T403 1467-1468 . denotes . T404 1468-1612 sentence denotes Differences for one gene pair are apparently due to both unequal numbers of expressing cells and unequal transcript levels per expressing cell. T405 1469-1480 NNS denotes Differences T407 1481-1484 IN denotes for T408 1485-1488 CD denotes one T410 1489-1493 NN denotes gene T409 1494-1498 NN denotes pair T406 1499-1502 VBP denotes are T411 1503-1513 RB denotes apparently T412 1514-1517 IN denotes due T413 1518-1520 IN denotes to T414 1521-1525 CC denotes both T416 1526-1533 JJ denotes unequal T415 1534-1541 NNS denotes numbers T417 1542-1544 IN denotes of T418 1545-1555 VBG denotes expressing T419 1556-1561 NNS denotes cells T420 1562-1565 CC denotes and T421 1566-1573 JJ denotes unequal T423 1574-1584 NN denotes transcript T422 1585-1591 NNS denotes levels T424 1592-1595 IN denotes per T425 1596-1606 VBG denotes expressing T426 1607-1611 NN denotes cell T427 1611-1612 . denotes . T428 1612-1764 sentence denotes At least two-thirds of olfactory receptors exhibit multiple transcriptional variants, with alternative isoforms of both 5' and 3' untranslated regions. T429 1613-1615 RB denotes At T431 1616-1621 RBS denotes least T430 1622-1625 CD denotes two T433 1625-1626 HYPH denotes - T434 1626-1632 NNS denotes thirds T435 1633-1635 IN denotes of T436 1636-1645 JJ denotes olfactory T437 1646-1655 NNS denotes receptors T432 1656-1663 VBP denotes exhibit T438 1664-1672 JJ denotes multiple T440 1673-1688 JJ denotes transcriptional T439 1689-1697 NNS denotes variants T441 1697-1699 , denotes , T442 1699-1703 IN denotes with T443 1704-1715 JJ denotes alternative T444 1716-1724 NNS denotes isoforms T445 1725-1727 IN denotes of T446 1728-1732 CC denotes both T447 1733-1734 CD denotes 5 T449 1734-1735 SYM denotes ' T450 1736-1739 CC denotes and T451 1740-1741 CD denotes 3 T452 1741-1742 SYM denotes ' T453 1743-1755 JJ denotes untranslated T448 1756-1763 NNS denotes regions T454 1763-1764 . denotes . T455 1764-1896 sentence denotes Some transcripts (5%) utilize splice sites within the coding region, contrary to the stereotyped olfactory receptor gene structure. T456 1765-1769 DT denotes Some T457 1770-1781 NNS denotes transcripts T459 1782-1783 -LRB- denotes ( T461 1783-1784 CD denotes 5 T460 1784-1785 NN denotes % T462 1785-1786 -RRB- denotes ) T458 1787-1794 VBP denotes utilize T463 1795-1801 NN denotes splice T464 1802-1807 NNS denotes sites T465 1808-1814 IN denotes within T466 1815-1818 DT denotes the T468 1819-1825 VBG denotes coding T467 1826-1832 NN denotes region T469 1832-1834 , denotes , T470 1834-1842 JJ denotes contrary T471 1843-1845 IN denotes to T472 1846-1849 DT denotes the T474 1850-1861 VBN denotes stereotyped T475 1862-1871 JJ denotes olfactory T476 1872-1880 NN denotes receptor T477 1881-1885 NN denotes gene T473 1886-1895 NN denotes structure T478 1895-1896 . denotes . T479 1896-2014 sentence denotes Most atypical transcripts encode nonfunctional olfactory receptors, but can occasionally increase receptor diversity. T480 1897-1901 JJS denotes Most T482 1902-1910 JJ denotes atypical T481 1911-1922 NNS denotes transcripts T483 1923-1929 VBP denotes encode T484 1930-1943 JJ denotes nonfunctional T485 1944-1953 JJ denotes olfactory T486 1954-1963 NNS denotes receptors T487 1963-1965 , denotes , T488 1965-1968 CC denotes but T489 1969-1972 MD denotes can T491 1973-1985 RB denotes occasionally T490 1986-1994 VB denotes increase T492 1995-2003 NN denotes receptor T493 2004-2013 NN denotes diversity T494 2013-2014 . denotes . T495 2014-2027 sentence denotes " Conclusions" T496 2016-2027 NNS denotes Conclusions T497 2027-2134 sentence denotes " Our cDNA collection confirms olfactory function of over one-third of the intact mouse olfactory receptors." T498 2028-2031 PRP$ denotes Our T500 2032-2036 NN denotes cDNA T499 2037-2047 NN denotes collection T501 2048-2056 VBZ denotes confirms T502 2057-2066 JJ denotes olfactory T503 2067-2075 NN denotes function T504 2076-2078 IN denotes of T505 2079-2083 IN denotes over T506 2084-2087 CD denotes one T507 2087-2088 HYPH denotes - T508 2088-2093 NN denotes third T509 2094-2096 IN denotes of T510 2097-2100 DT denotes the T512 2101-2107 JJ denotes intact T513 2108-2113 NN denotes mouse T514 2114-2123 JJ denotes olfactory T511 2124-2133 NNS denotes receptors T515 2133-2134 . denotes . T516 2134-2240 sentence denotes Most of these genes were previously annotated as olfactory receptors based solely on sequence similarity. T517 2135-2139 JJS denotes Most T519 2140-2142 IN denotes of T520 2143-2148 DT denotes these T521 2149-2154 NNS denotes genes T522 2155-2159 VBD denotes were T523 2160-2170 RB denotes previously T518 2171-2180 VBN denotes annotated T524 2181-2183 IN denotes as T525 2184-2193 JJ denotes olfactory T526 2194-2203 NNS denotes receptors T527 2204-2209 VBN denotes based T528 2210-2216 RB denotes solely T529 2217-2219 IN denotes on T530 2220-2228 NN denotes sequence T531 2229-2239 NN denotes similarity T532 2239-2240 . denotes . T533 2240-2407 sentence denotes Our finding that different olfactory receptors have different expression levels is intriguing given the one-neuron, one-gene expression regime of olfactory receptors. T534 2241-2244 PRP$ denotes Our T535 2245-2252 NN denotes finding T537 2253-2257 IN denotes that T539 2258-2267 JJ denotes different T541 2268-2277 JJ denotes olfactory T540 2278-2287 NNS denotes receptors T538 2288-2292 VBP denotes have T542 2293-2302 JJ denotes different T544 2303-2313 NN denotes expression T543 2314-2320 NNS denotes levels T536 2321-2323 VBZ denotes is T545 2324-2334 JJ denotes intriguing T546 2335-2340 VBN denotes given T547 2341-2344 DT denotes the T549 2345-2348 CD denotes one T551 2348-2349 HYPH denotes - T550 2349-2355 NN denotes neuron T552 2355-2357 , denotes , T553 2357-2360 CD denotes one T555 2360-2361 HYPH denotes - T554 2361-2365 NN denotes gene T556 2366-2376 NN denotes expression T548 2377-2383 NN denotes regime T557 2384-2386 IN denotes of T558 2387-2396 JJ denotes olfactory T559 2397-2406 NNS denotes receptors T560 2406-2407 . denotes . T561 2407-2664 sentence denotes We provide 5' untranslated region sequences and candidate promoter regions for more than 300 olfactory receptors, valuable resources for computational regulatory motif searches and for designing olfactory receptor microarrays and other experimental probes. T562 2408-2410 PRP denotes We T563 2411-2418 VBP denotes provide T564 2419-2420 CD denotes 5 T566 2420-2421 SYM denotes ' T567 2422-2434 JJ denotes untranslated T565 2435-2441 NN denotes region T568 2442-2451 NNS denotes sequences T569 2452-2455 CC denotes and T570 2456-2465 NN denotes candidate T572 2466-2474 NN denotes promoter T571 2475-2482 NNS denotes regions T573 2483-2486 IN denotes for T574 2487-2491 JJR denotes more T576 2492-2496 IN denotes than T575 2497-2500 CD denotes 300 T578 2501-2510 JJ denotes olfactory T577 2511-2520 NNS denotes receptors T579 2520-2522 , denotes , T580 2522-2530 JJ denotes valuable T581 2531-2540 NNS denotes resources T582 2541-2544 IN denotes for T583 2545-2558 JJ denotes computational T585 2559-2569 JJ denotes regulatory T584 2570-2575 NN denotes motif T586 2576-2584 NNS denotes searches T587 2585-2588 CC denotes and T588 2589-2592 IN denotes for T589 2593-2602 VBG denotes designing T590 2603-2612 JJ denotes olfactory T591 2613-2621 NN denotes receptor T592 2622-2633 NNS denotes microarrays T593 2634-2637 CC denotes and T594 2638-2643 JJ denotes other T596 2644-2656 JJ denotes experimental T595 2657-2663 NNS denotes probes T597 2663-2664 . denotes . T1203 2677-2680 DT denotes The T1204 2681-2692 NN denotes interaction T1206 2693-2695 IN denotes of T1207 2696-2705 JJ denotes olfactory T1209 2706-2707 -LRB- denotes ( T1210 2707-2709 CC denotes or T1211 2710-2717 NN denotes odorant T1212 2717-2718 -RRB- denotes ) T1208 2719-2728 NNS denotes receptors T1213 2729-2733 IN denotes with T1214 2734-2739 PRP$ denotes their T1216 2740-2747 NN denotes odorant T1215 2748-2755 NNS denotes ligands T1205 2756-2758 VBZ denotes is T1217 2759-2762 DT denotes the T1219 2763-2768 JJ denotes first T1218 2769-2773 NN denotes step T1220 2774-2776 IN denotes in T1221 2777-2778 DT denotes a T1223 2779-2785 NN denotes signal T1224 2786-2798 NN denotes transduction T1222 2799-2806 NN denotes pathway T1225 2807-2811 WDT denotes that T1226 2812-2819 VBZ denotes results T1227 2820-2822 IN denotes in T1228 2823-2826 DT denotes the T1229 2827-2837 NN denotes perception T1230 2838-2840 IN denotes of T1231 2841-2846 NN denotes smell T1232 2846-2847 . denotes . T1233 2847-2987 sentence denotes The olfactory receptor gene family is one of the largest in the mammalian genome, comprising about 1,500 members in the mouse genome [1,2]. T1234 2848-2851 DT denotes The T1236 2852-2861 JJ denotes olfactory T1237 2862-2870 NN denotes receptor T1238 2871-2875 NN denotes gene T1235 2876-2882 NN denotes family T1239 2883-2885 VBZ denotes is T1240 2886-2889 CD denotes one T1241 2890-2892 IN denotes of T1242 2893-2896 DT denotes the T1243 2897-2904 JJS denotes largest T1244 2905-2907 IN denotes in T1245 2908-2911 DT denotes the T1247 2912-2921 JJ denotes mammalian T1246 2922-2928 NN denotes genome T1248 2928-2930 , denotes , T1249 2930-2940 VBG denotes comprising T1250 2941-2946 IN denotes about T1251 2947-2952 CD denotes 1,500 T1252 2953-2960 NNS denotes members T1253 2961-2963 IN denotes in T1254 2964-2967 DT denotes the T1256 2968-2973 NN denotes mouse T1255 2974-2980 NN denotes genome T1257 2981-2982 -LRB- denotes [ T1259 2982-2983 CD denotes 1 T1260 2983-2984 , denotes , T1258 2984-2985 CD denotes 2 T1261 2985-2986 -RRB- denotes ] T1262 2986-2987 . denotes . T1263 2987-3242 sentence denotes Olfactory receptors were originally identified in an elegant experiment based on the hypothesis that they would be seven-transmembrane-domain proteins encoded by a large, diverse gene family whose expression is restricted to the olfactory epithelium [3]. T1264 2988-2997 JJ denotes Olfactory T1265 2998-3007 NNS denotes receptors T1267 3008-3012 VBD denotes were T1268 3013-3023 RB denotes originally T1266 3024-3034 VBN denotes identified T1269 3035-3037 IN denotes in T1270 3038-3040 DT denotes an T1272 3041-3048 JJ denotes elegant T1271 3049-3059 NN denotes experiment T1273 3060-3065 VBN denotes based T1274 3066-3068 IN denotes on T1275 3069-3072 DT denotes the T1276 3073-3083 NN denotes hypothesis T1277 3084-3088 IN denotes that T1279 3089-3093 PRP denotes they T1280 3094-3099 MD denotes would T1278 3100-3102 VB denotes be T1281 3103-3108 CD denotes seven T1283 3108-3109 HYPH denotes - T1282 3109-3122 NN denotes transmembrane T1285 3122-3123 HYPH denotes - T1284 3123-3129 NN denotes domain T1286 3130-3138 NN denotes proteins T1287 3139-3146 VBN denotes encoded T1288 3147-3149 IN denotes by T1289 3150-3151 DT denotes a T1291 3152-3157 JJ denotes large T1292 3157-3159 , denotes , T1293 3159-3166 JJ denotes diverse T1294 3167-3171 NN denotes gene T1290 3172-3178 NN denotes family T1295 3179-3184 WP$ denotes whose T1296 3185-3195 NN denotes expression T1298 3196-3198 VBZ denotes is T1297 3199-3209 VBN denotes restricted T1299 3210-3212 IN denotes to T1300 3213-3216 DT denotes the T1302 3217-3226 JJ denotes olfactory T1301 3227-3237 NN denotes epithelium T1303 3238-3239 -LRB- denotes [ T1304 3239-3240 CD denotes 3 T1305 3240-3241 -RRB- denotes ] T1306 3241-3242 . denotes . T1307 3242-3425 sentence denotes Subsequent studies have shown that some of these receptors do indeed respond to odorants and can confer that responsivity when expressed in heterologous cell types (for example [4]). T1308 3243-3253 JJ denotes Subsequent T1309 3254-3261 NNS denotes studies T1311 3262-3266 VBP denotes have T1310 3267-3272 VBN denotes shown T1312 3273-3277 IN denotes that T1314 3278-3282 DT denotes some T1315 3283-3285 IN denotes of T1316 3286-3291 DT denotes these T1317 3292-3301 NNS denotes receptors T1318 3302-3304 VBP denotes do T1319 3305-3311 RB denotes indeed T1313 3312-3319 VB denotes respond T1320 3320-3322 IN denotes to T1321 3323-3331 NNS denotes odorants T1322 3332-3335 CC denotes and T1323 3336-3339 MD denotes can T1324 3340-3346 VB denotes confer T1325 3347-3351 DT denotes that T1326 3352-3364 NN denotes responsivity T1327 3365-3369 WRB denotes when T1328 3370-3379 VBN denotes expressed T1329 3380-3382 IN denotes in T1330 3383-3395 JJ denotes heterologous T1332 3396-3400 NN denotes cell T1331 3401-3406 NNS denotes types T1333 3407-3408 -LRB- denotes ( T1334 3408-3411 IN denotes for T1336 3412-3419 NN denotes example T1337 3420-3421 -LRB- denotes [ T1335 3421-3422 CD denotes 4 T1338 3422-3423 -RRB- denotes ] T1339 3423-3424 -RRB- denotes ) T1340 3424-3425 . denotes . T1341 3425-3557 sentence denotes Recent computational investigations have provided the almost complete human [5,6] and mouse [1,2] olfactory receptor-gene catalogs. T1342 3426-3432 JJ denotes Recent T1344 3433-3446 JJ denotes computational T1343 3447-3461 NNS denotes investigations T1346 3462-3466 VBP denotes have T1345 3467-3475 VBN denotes provided T1347 3476-3479 DT denotes the T1349 3480-3486 RB denotes almost T1350 3487-3495 JJ denotes complete T1351 3496-3501 JJ denotes human T1353 3502-3503 -LRB- denotes [ T1354 3503-3504 CD denotes 5 T1355 3504-3505 , denotes , T1352 3505-3506 CD denotes 6 T1357 3506-3507 -RRB- denotes ] T1358 3508-3511 CC denotes and T1359 3512-3517 NN denotes mouse T1361 3518-3519 -LRB- denotes [ T1362 3519-3520 CD denotes 1 T1363 3520-3521 , denotes , T1360 3521-3522 CD denotes 2 T1364 3522-3523 -RRB- denotes ] T1365 3524-3533 JJ denotes olfactory T1366 3534-3542 NN denotes receptor T1367 3542-3543 HYPH denotes - T1356 3543-3547 NN denotes gene T1348 3548-3556 NNS denotes catalogs T1368 3556-3557 . denotes . T1369 3557-3854 sentence denotes However, the assignment of most of these genes as olfactory receptors is based solely on similarity to one of a relatively small number of experimentally confirmed mouse olfactory receptors or, worse, on similarity to a gene that in turn was defined as an olfactory receptor solely by similarity. T1370 3558-3565 RB denotes However T1372 3565-3567 , denotes , T1373 3567-3570 DT denotes the T1374 3571-3581 NN denotes assignment T1375 3582-3584 IN denotes of T1376 3585-3589 JJS denotes most T1377 3590-3592 IN denotes of T1378 3593-3598 DT denotes these T1379 3599-3604 NNS denotes genes T1380 3605-3607 IN denotes as T1381 3608-3617 JJ denotes olfactory T1382 3618-3627 NNS denotes receptors T1383 3628-3630 VBZ denotes is T1371 3631-3636 VBN denotes based T1384 3637-3643 RB denotes solely T1385 3644-3646 IN denotes on T1386 3647-3657 NN denotes similarity T1387 3658-3660 IN denotes to T1388 3661-3664 CD denotes one T1389 3665-3667 IN denotes of T1390 3668-3669 DT denotes a T1392 3670-3680 RB denotes relatively T1393 3681-3686 JJ denotes small T1391 3687-3693 NN denotes number T1394 3694-3696 IN denotes of T1395 3697-3711 RB denotes experimentally T1396 3712-3721 VBN denotes confirmed T1398 3722-3727 NN denotes mouse T1399 3728-3737 JJ denotes olfactory T1397 3738-3747 NNS denotes receptors T1400 3748-3750 CC denotes or T1401 3750-3752 , denotes , T1402 3752-3757 RBR denotes worse T1404 3757-3759 , denotes , T1403 3759-3761 IN denotes on T1405 3762-3772 NN denotes similarity T1406 3773-3775 IN denotes to T1407 3776-3777 DT denotes a T1408 3778-3782 NN denotes gene T1409 3783-3787 WDT denotes that T1411 3788-3790 IN denotes in T1412 3791-3795 NN denotes turn T1413 3796-3799 VBD denotes was T1410 3800-3807 VBN denotes defined T1414 3808-3810 IN denotes as T1415 3811-3813 DT denotes an T1417 3814-3823 JJ denotes olfactory T1416 3824-3832 NN denotes receptor T1418 3833-3839 RB denotes solely T1419 3840-3842 IN denotes by T1420 3843-3853 NN denotes similarity T1421 3853-3854 . denotes . T1422 3854-4157 sentence denotes While similarity-based genome annotation is a good initial method to identify genes and predict their function, in some cases it can be misleading, as genes of similar sequence can carry out different functions and be expressed in different tissues (for example, the sugar transporter gene family [7]). T1423 3855-3860 IN denotes While T1425 3861-3871 NN denotes similarity T1427 3871-3872 HYPH denotes - T1426 3872-3877 VBN denotes based T1429 3878-3884 NN denotes genome T1428 3885-3895 NN denotes annotation T1424 3896-3898 VBZ denotes is T1431 3899-3900 DT denotes a T1433 3901-3905 JJ denotes good T1434 3906-3913 JJ denotes initial T1432 3914-3920 NN denotes method T1435 3921-3923 TO denotes to T1436 3924-3932 VB denotes identify T1437 3933-3938 NNS denotes genes T1438 3939-3942 CC denotes and T1439 3943-3950 VBP denotes predict T1440 3951-3956 PRP$ denotes their T1441 3957-3965 NN denotes function T1442 3965-3967 , denotes , T1443 3967-3969 IN denotes in T1444 3970-3974 DT denotes some T1445 3975-3980 NNS denotes cases T1446 3981-3983 PRP denotes it T1447 3984-3987 MD denotes can T1430 3988-3990 VB denotes be T1448 3991-4001 JJ denotes misleading T1449 4001-4003 , denotes , T1450 4003-4005 IN denotes as T1452 4006-4011 NNS denotes genes T1453 4012-4014 IN denotes of T1454 4015-4022 JJ denotes similar T1455 4023-4031 NN denotes sequence T1456 4032-4035 MD denotes can T1451 4036-4041 VB denotes carry T1457 4042-4045 RP denotes out T1458 4046-4055 JJ denotes different T1459 4056-4065 NNS denotes functions T1460 4066-4069 CC denotes and T1461 4070-4072 VB denotes be T1462 4073-4082 VBN denotes expressed T1463 4083-4085 IN denotes in T1464 4086-4095 JJ denotes different T1465 4096-4103 NNS denotes tissues T1466 4104-4105 -LRB- denotes ( T1467 4105-4108 IN denotes for T1469 4109-4116 NN denotes example T1470 4116-4118 , denotes , T1471 4118-4121 DT denotes the T1472 4122-4127 NN denotes sugar T1473 4128-4139 NN denotes transporter T1474 4140-4144 NN denotes gene T1468 4145-4151 NN denotes family T1475 4152-4153 -LRB- denotes [ T1476 4153-4154 CD denotes 7 T1477 4154-4155 -RRB- denotes ] T1478 4155-4156 -RRB- denotes ) T1479 4156-4157 . denotes . T1480 4157-4380 sentence denotes " A small subset of olfactory receptors appears to be expressed in non-olfactory tissues, principally the testis [8], but also taste tissues [9], prostate [10], erythroid cells [11], notochord [12] and perhaps other tissues." T1481 4158-4159 DT denotes A T1483 4160-4165 JJ denotes small T1482 4166-4172 NN denotes subset T1485 4173-4175 IN denotes of T1486 4176-4185 JJ denotes olfactory T1487 4186-4195 NNS denotes receptors T1484 4196-4203 VBZ denotes appears T1488 4204-4206 TO denotes to T1490 4207-4209 VB denotes be T1489 4210-4219 VBN denotes expressed T1491 4220-4222 IN denotes in T1492 4223-4236 JJ denotes non-olfactory T1493 4237-4244 NNS denotes tissues T1494 4244-4246 , denotes , T1495 4246-4257 RB denotes principally T1497 4258-4261 DT denotes the T1496 4262-4268 NN denotes testis T1498 4269-4270 -LRB- denotes [ T1499 4270-4271 CD denotes 8 T1500 4271-4272 -RRB- denotes ] T1501 4272-4274 , denotes , T1502 4274-4277 CC denotes but T1503 4278-4282 RB denotes also T1504 4283-4288 NN denotes taste T1505 4289-4296 NNS denotes tissues T1506 4297-4298 -LRB- denotes [ T1507 4298-4299 CD denotes 9 T1508 4299-4300 -RRB- denotes ] T1509 4300-4302 , denotes , T1510 4302-4310 NN denotes prostate T1511 4311-4312 -LRB- denotes [ T1512 4312-4314 CD denotes 10 T1513 4314-4315 -RRB- denotes ] T1514 4315-4317 , denotes , T1515 4317-4326 JJ denotes erythroid T1516 4327-4332 NNS denotes cells T1517 4333-4334 -LRB- denotes [ T1518 4334-4336 CD denotes 11 T1519 4336-4337 -RRB- denotes ] T1520 4337-4339 , denotes , T1521 4339-4348 NN denotes notochord T1522 4349-4350 -LRB- denotes [ T1523 4350-4352 CD denotes 12 T1524 4352-4353 -RRB- denotes ] T1525 4354-4357 CC denotes and T1526 4358-4365 RB denotes perhaps T1528 4366-4371 JJ denotes other T1527 4372-4379 NNS denotes tissues T1529 4379-4380 . denotes . T1530 4380-4526 sentence denotes Expression in the testis has led some investigators to suggest that a subset of olfactory receptors may function as spermatid chemoreceptors [8]. T1531 4381-4391 NN denotes Expression T1533 4392-4394 IN denotes in T1534 4395-4398 DT denotes the T1535 4399-4405 NN denotes testis T1536 4406-4409 VBZ denotes has T1532 4410-4413 VBN denotes led T1537 4414-4418 DT denotes some T1538 4419-4432 NNS denotes investigators T1539 4433-4435 TO denotes to T1540 4436-4443 VB denotes suggest T1541 4444-4448 IN denotes that T1543 4449-4450 DT denotes a T1544 4451-4457 NN denotes subset T1545 4458-4460 IN denotes of T1546 4461-4470 JJ denotes olfactory T1547 4471-4480 NNS denotes receptors T1548 4481-4484 MD denotes may T1542 4485-4493 VB denotes function T1549 4494-4496 IN denotes as T1550 4497-4506 JJ denotes spermatid T1551 4507-4521 NNS denotes chemoreceptors T1552 4522-4523 -LRB- denotes [ T1553 4523-4524 CD denotes 8 T1554 4524-4525 -RRB- denotes ] T1555 4525-4526 . denotes . T1556 4526-4654 sentence denotes Recent studies of one human testis-expressed olfactory receptor indicate that it does indeed function in sperm chemotaxis [13]. T1557 4527-4533 JJ denotes Recent T1558 4534-4541 NNS denotes studies T1560 4542-4544 IN denotes of T1561 4545-4548 CD denotes one T1563 4549-4554 JJ denotes human T1564 4555-4561 NN denotes testis T1566 4561-4562 HYPH denotes - T1565 4562-4571 VBN denotes expressed T1567 4572-4581 JJ denotes olfactory T1562 4582-4590 NN denotes receptor T1559 4591-4599 VBP denotes indicate T1568 4600-4604 IN denotes that T1570 4605-4607 PRP denotes it T1571 4608-4612 VBZ denotes does T1572 4613-4619 RB denotes indeed T1569 4620-4628 VB denotes function T1573 4629-4631 IN denotes in T1574 4632-4637 NN denotes sperm T1575 4638-4648 NN denotes chemotaxis T1576 4649-4650 -LRB- denotes [ T1577 4650-4652 CD denotes 13 T1578 4652-4653 -RRB- denotes ] T1579 4653-4654 . denotes . T1580 4654-4956 sentence denotes Due to the paucity of experimental evidence of the olfactory function of most genes in the family and suggestions of extra-olfactory roles, we embarked on an olfactory receptor expressed sequence tag (EST) project to confirm olfactory epithelial expression of hundreds of mouse odorant receptor genes. T1581 4655-4658 IN denotes Due T1583 4659-4661 IN denotes to T1584 4662-4665 DT denotes the T1585 4666-4673 NN denotes paucity T1586 4674-4676 IN denotes of T1587 4677-4689 JJ denotes experimental T1588 4690-4698 NN denotes evidence T1589 4699-4701 IN denotes of T1590 4702-4705 DT denotes the T1592 4706-4715 JJ denotes olfactory T1591 4716-4724 NN denotes function T1593 4725-4727 IN denotes of T1594 4728-4732 JJS denotes most T1595 4733-4738 NNS denotes genes T1596 4739-4741 IN denotes in T1597 4742-4745 DT denotes the T1598 4746-4752 NN denotes family T1599 4753-4756 CC denotes and T1600 4757-4768 NNS denotes suggestions T1601 4769-4771 IN denotes of T1602 4772-4787 JJ denotes extra-olfactory T1603 4788-4793 NNS denotes roles T1604 4793-4795 , denotes , T1605 4795-4797 PRP denotes we T1582 4798-4806 VBD denotes embarked T1606 4807-4809 IN denotes on T1607 4810-4812 DT denotes an T1609 4813-4822 JJ denotes olfactory T1610 4823-4831 NN denotes receptor T1611 4832-4841 VBN denotes expressed T1613 4842-4850 NN denotes sequence T1612 4851-4854 NN denotes tag T1614 4855-4856 -LRB- denotes ( T1615 4856-4859 NN denotes EST T1616 4859-4860 -RRB- denotes ) T1608 4861-4868 NN denotes project T1617 4869-4871 TO denotes to T1618 4872-4879 VB denotes confirm T1619 4880-4889 JJ denotes olfactory T1621 4890-4900 JJ denotes epithelial T1620 4901-4911 NN denotes expression T1622 4912-4914 IN denotes of T1623 4915-4923 NNS denotes hundreds T1624 4924-4926 IN denotes of T1625 4927-4932 NN denotes mouse T1627 4933-4940 NN denotes odorant T1628 4941-4949 NN denotes receptor T1626 4950-4955 NNS denotes genes T1629 4955-4956 . denotes . T1630 4956-5064 sentence denotes " Within the olfactory epithelium, individual olfactory receptor genes show an intriguing expression pattern." T1631 4957-4963 IN denotes Within T1633 4964-4967 DT denotes the T1635 4968-4977 JJ denotes olfactory T1634 4978-4988 NN denotes epithelium T1636 4988-4990 , denotes , T1637 4990-5000 JJ denotes individual T1639 5001-5010 JJ denotes olfactory T1640 5011-5019 NN denotes receptor T1638 5020-5025 NNS denotes genes T1632 5026-5030 VBP denotes show T1641 5031-5033 DT denotes an T1643 5034-5044 JJ denotes intriguing T1644 5045-5055 NN denotes expression T1642 5056-5063 NN denotes pattern T1645 5063-5064 . denotes . T1646 5064-5170 sentence denotes Each olfactory receptor is expressed in a subset of cells in one of four zones of the epithelium [14,15]. T1647 5065-5069 DT denotes Each T1649 5070-5079 JJ denotes olfactory T1648 5080-5088 NN denotes receptor T1651 5089-5091 VBZ denotes is T1650 5092-5101 VBN denotes expressed T1652 5102-5104 IN denotes in T1653 5105-5106 DT denotes a T1654 5107-5113 NN denotes subset T1655 5114-5116 IN denotes of T1656 5117-5122 NNS denotes cells T1657 5123-5125 IN denotes in T1658 5126-5129 CD denotes one T1659 5130-5132 IN denotes of T1660 5133-5137 CD denotes four T1661 5138-5143 NNS denotes zones T1662 5144-5146 IN denotes of T1663 5147-5150 DT denotes the T1664 5151-5161 NN denotes epithelium T1665 5162-5163 -LRB- denotes [ T1667 5163-5165 CD denotes 14 T1668 5165-5166 , denotes , T1666 5166-5168 CD denotes 15 T1669 5168-5169 -RRB- denotes ] T1670 5169-5170 . denotes . T1671 5170-5357 sentence denotes Furthermore, each olfactory neuron expresses only one allele [16] of a single olfactory receptor gene [17,18], and the remaining approximately 1,499 genes are transcriptionally inactive. T1672 5171-5182 RB denotes Furthermore T1674 5182-5184 , denotes , T1675 5184-5188 DT denotes each T1677 5189-5198 JJ denotes olfactory T1676 5199-5205 NN denotes neuron T1673 5206-5215 VBZ denotes expresses T1678 5216-5220 RB denotes only T1680 5221-5224 CD denotes one T1679 5225-5231 NN denotes allele T1681 5232-5233 -LRB- denotes [ T1682 5233-5235 CD denotes 16 T1683 5235-5236 -RRB- denotes ] T1684 5237-5239 IN denotes of T1685 5240-5241 DT denotes a T1687 5242-5248 JJ denotes single T1688 5249-5258 JJ denotes olfactory T1689 5259-5267 NN denotes receptor T1686 5268-5272 NN denotes gene T1690 5273-5274 -LRB- denotes [ T1692 5274-5276 CD denotes 17 T1693 5276-5277 , denotes , T1691 5277-5279 CD denotes 18 T1694 5279-5280 -RRB- denotes ] T1695 5280-5282 , denotes , T1696 5282-5285 CC denotes and T1697 5286-5289 DT denotes the T1699 5290-5299 NN denotes remaining T1700 5300-5313 RB denotes approximately T1701 5314-5319 CD denotes 1,499 T1698 5320-5325 NNS denotes genes T1702 5326-5329 VBP denotes are T1703 5330-5347 RB denotes transcriptionally T1704 5348-5356 JJ denotes inactive T1705 5356-5357 . denotes . T1706 5357-5465 sentence denotes While the mechanism ensuring singular expression is unknown, many hypotheses have been proposed [14,16,19]. T1707 5358-5363 IN denotes While T1709 5364-5367 DT denotes the T1710 5368-5377 NN denotes mechanism T1711 5378-5386 VBG denotes ensuring T1712 5387-5395 JJ denotes singular T1713 5396-5406 NN denotes expression T1708 5407-5409 VBZ denotes is T1715 5410-5417 JJ denotes unknown T1716 5417-5419 , denotes , T1717 5419-5423 JJ denotes many T1718 5424-5434 NNS denotes hypotheses T1719 5435-5439 VBP denotes have T1720 5440-5444 VBN denotes been T1714 5445-5453 VBN denotes proposed T1721 5454-5455 -LRB- denotes [ T1723 5455-5457 CD denotes 14 T1724 5457-5458 , denotes , T1725 5458-5460 CD denotes 16 T1726 5460-5461 , denotes , T1722 5461-5463 CD denotes 19 T1727 5463-5464 -RRB- denotes ] T1728 5464-5465 . denotes . T1729 5465-5694 sentence denotes In one model, somatic DNA recombination would bring one olfactory receptor gene into a transcriptionally active genomic configuration, as observed for the yeast mating type locus [20] and the mammalian immunoglobulin genes [21]. T1730 5466-5468 IN denotes In T1732 5469-5472 CD denotes one T1733 5473-5478 NN denotes model T1734 5478-5480 , denotes , T1735 5480-5487 JJ denotes somatic T1737 5488-5491 NN denotes DNA T1736 5492-5505 NN denotes recombination T1738 5506-5511 MD denotes would T1731 5512-5517 VB denotes bring T1739 5518-5521 CD denotes one T1741 5522-5531 JJ denotes olfactory T1742 5532-5540 NN denotes receptor T1740 5541-5545 NN denotes gene T1743 5546-5550 IN denotes into T1744 5551-5552 DT denotes a T1746 5553-5570 RB denotes transcriptionally T1747 5571-5577 JJ denotes active T1748 5578-5585 JJ denotes genomic T1745 5586-5599 NN denotes configuration T1749 5599-5601 , denotes , T1750 5601-5603 IN denotes as T1751 5604-5612 VBN denotes observed T1752 5613-5616 IN denotes for T1753 5617-5620 DT denotes the T1755 5621-5626 NN denotes yeast T1756 5627-5633 NN denotes mating T1757 5634-5638 NN denotes type T1754 5639-5644 NN denotes locus T1758 5645-5646 -LRB- denotes [ T1759 5646-5648 CD denotes 20 T1760 5648-5649 -RRB- denotes ] T1761 5650-5653 CC denotes and T1762 5654-5657 DT denotes the T1764 5658-5667 JJ denotes mammalian T1765 5668-5682 NN denotes immunoglobulin T1763 5683-5688 NNS denotes genes T1766 5689-5690 -LRB- denotes [ T1767 5690-5692 CD denotes 21 T1768 5692-5693 -RRB- denotes ] T1769 5693-5694 . denotes . T1770 5694-5812 sentence denotes Alternatively, a second model invokes a combinatorial code of transcription factor binding sites unique to each gene. T1771 5695-5708 RB denotes Alternatively T1773 5708-5710 , denotes , T1774 5710-5711 DT denotes a T1776 5712-5718 JJ denotes second T1775 5719-5724 NN denotes model T1772 5725-5732 VBZ denotes invokes T1777 5733-5734 DT denotes a T1779 5735-5748 JJ denotes combinatorial T1778 5749-5753 NN denotes code T1780 5754-5756 IN denotes of T1781 5757-5770 NN denotes transcription T1782 5771-5777 NN denotes factor T1784 5778-5785 NN denotes binding T1783 5786-5791 NNS denotes sites T1785 5792-5798 JJ denotes unique T1786 5799-5801 IN denotes to T1787 5802-5806 DT denotes each T1788 5807-5811 NN denotes gene T1789 5811-5812 . denotes . T1790 5812-5950 sentence denotes This is unlikely, however, as even olfactory receptor transgenes with identical upstream regions are expressed in different neurons [18]. T1791 5813-5817 DT denotes This T1792 5818-5820 VBZ denotes is T1793 5821-5829 JJ denotes unlikely T1794 5829-5831 , denotes , T1795 5831-5838 RB denotes however T1796 5838-5840 , denotes , T1797 5840-5842 IN denotes as T1799 5843-5847 RB denotes even T1801 5848-5857 JJ denotes olfactory T1802 5858-5866 NN denotes receptor T1800 5867-5877 NNS denotes transgenes T1803 5878-5882 IN denotes with T1804 5883-5892 JJ denotes identical T1806 5893-5901 JJ denotes upstream T1805 5902-5909 NNS denotes regions T1807 5910-5913 VBP denotes are T1798 5914-5923 VBN denotes expressed T1808 5924-5926 IN denotes in T1809 5927-5936 JJ denotes different T1810 5937-5944 NNS denotes neurons T1811 5945-5946 -LRB- denotes [ T1812 5946-5948 CD denotes 18 T1813 5948-5949 -RRB- denotes ] T1814 5949-5950 . denotes . T1815 5950-6326 sentence denotes In a third model, there would be a limiting quantity of transcription factors - the cell might contain a single transcriptional 'machine' that is capable of accommodating the promoter of only one olfactory receptor gene, similar to the expression site body used by African trypanosomes to ensure singular expression of only one set of variant surface glycoprotein genes [22]. T1816 5951-5953 IN denotes In T1818 5954-5955 DT denotes a T1820 5956-5961 JJ denotes third T1819 5962-5967 NN denotes model T1821 5967-5969 , denotes , T1822 5969-5974 EX denotes there T1824 5975-5980 MD denotes would T1823 5981-5983 VB denotes be T1825 5984-5985 DT denotes a T1827 5986-5994 VBG denotes limiting T1826 5995-6003 NN denotes quantity T1828 6004-6006 IN denotes of T1829 6007-6020 NN denotes transcription T1830 6021-6028 NNS denotes factors T1831 6029-6030 : denotes - T1832 6031-6034 DT denotes the T1833 6035-6039 NN denotes cell T1834 6040-6045 MD denotes might T1817 6046-6053 VB denotes contain T1835 6054-6055 DT denotes a T1837 6056-6062 JJ denotes single T1838 6063-6078 JJ denotes transcriptional T1839 6079-6080 `` denotes ' T1836 6080-6087 NN denotes machine T1840 6087-6088 '' denotes ' T1841 6089-6093 WDT denotes that T1842 6094-6096 VBZ denotes is T1843 6097-6104 JJ denotes capable T1844 6105-6107 IN denotes of T1845 6108-6121 VBG denotes accommodating T1846 6122-6125 DT denotes the T1847 6126-6134 NN denotes promoter T1848 6135-6137 IN denotes of T1849 6138-6142 RB denotes only T1851 6143-6146 CD denotes one T1852 6147-6156 JJ denotes olfactory T1853 6157-6165 NN denotes receptor T1850 6166-6170 NN denotes gene T1854 6170-6172 , denotes , T1855 6172-6179 JJ denotes similar T1856 6180-6182 IN denotes to T1857 6183-6186 DT denotes the T1859 6187-6197 NN denotes expression T1860 6198-6202 NN denotes site T1858 6203-6207 NN denotes body T1861 6208-6212 VBN denotes used T1862 6213-6215 IN denotes by T1863 6216-6223 JJ denotes African T1864 6224-6236 NNPS denotes trypanosomes T1865 6237-6239 TO denotes to T1866 6240-6246 VB denotes ensure T1867 6247-6255 JJ denotes singular T1868 6256-6266 NN denotes expression T1869 6267-6269 IN denotes of T1870 6270-6274 RB denotes only T1872 6275-6278 CD denotes one T1871 6279-6282 NN denotes set T1873 6283-6285 IN denotes of T1874 6286-6293 JJ denotes variant T1876 6294-6301 NN denotes surface T1875 6302-6314 NN denotes glycoprotein T1877 6315-6320 NNS denotes genes T1878 6321-6322 -LRB- denotes [ T1879 6322-6324 CD denotes 22 T1880 6324-6325 -RRB- denotes ] T1881 6325-6326 . denotes . T1882 6326-6572 sentence denotes Finally, in a fourth model, transcriptional activity at one stochastically chosen olfactory receptor allele might send negative feedback to repress activity of all other olfactory receptors and/or positive feedback to enhance its own expression. T1883 6327-6334 RB denotes Finally T1885 6334-6336 , denotes , T1886 6336-6338 IN denotes in T1887 6339-6340 DT denotes a T1889 6341-6347 JJ denotes fourth T1888 6348-6353 NN denotes model T1890 6353-6355 , denotes , T1891 6355-6370 JJ denotes transcriptional T1892 6371-6379 NN denotes activity T1893 6380-6382 IN denotes at T1894 6383-6386 CD denotes one T1896 6387-6401 RB denotes stochastically T1897 6402-6408 VBN denotes chosen T1898 6409-6418 JJ denotes olfactory T1899 6419-6427 NN denotes receptor T1895 6428-6434 NN denotes allele T1900 6435-6440 MD denotes might T1884 6441-6445 VB denotes send T1901 6446-6454 JJ denotes negative T1902 6455-6463 NN denotes feedback T1903 6464-6466 TO denotes to T1904 6467-6474 VB denotes repress T1905 6475-6483 NN denotes activity T1906 6484-6486 IN denotes of T1907 6487-6490 DT denotes all T1909 6491-6496 JJ denotes other T1910 6497-6506 JJ denotes olfactory T1908 6507-6516 NNS denotes receptors T1911 6517-6520 CC denotes and T1912 6520-6521 HYPH denotes / T1913 6521-6523 CC denotes or T1914 6524-6532 JJ denotes positive T1915 6533-6541 NN denotes feedback T1916 6542-6544 TO denotes to T1917 6545-6552 VB denotes enhance T1918 6553-6556 PRP$ denotes its T1920 6557-6560 JJ denotes own T1919 6561-6571 NN denotes expression T1921 6571-6572 . denotes . T1922 6572-6778 sentence denotes In the latter three models, some or all olfactory receptor genes might share transcription factor binding motifs, and in the first model, olfactory receptor genes might share a common recombination signal. T1923 6573-6575 IN denotes In T1925 6576-6579 DT denotes the T1927 6580-6586 JJ denotes latter T1928 6587-6592 CD denotes three T1926 6593-6599 NNS denotes models T1929 6599-6601 , denotes , T1930 6601-6605 DT denotes some T1931 6606-6608 CC denotes or T1932 6609-6612 DT denotes all T1934 6613-6622 JJ denotes olfactory T1935 6623-6631 NN denotes receptor T1933 6632-6637 NNS denotes genes T1936 6638-6643 MD denotes might T1924 6644-6649 VB denotes share T1937 6650-6663 NN denotes transcription T1938 6664-6670 NN denotes factor T1939 6671-6678 NN denotes binding T1940 6679-6685 NNS denotes motifs T1941 6685-6687 , denotes , T1942 6687-6690 CC denotes and T1943 6691-6693 IN denotes in T1945 6694-6697 DT denotes the T1947 6698-6703 JJ denotes first T1946 6704-6709 NN denotes model T1948 6709-6711 , denotes , T1949 6711-6720 JJ denotes olfactory T1950 6721-6729 NN denotes receptor T1951 6730-6735 NNS denotes genes T1952 6736-6741 MD denotes might T1944 6742-6747 VB denotes share T1953 6748-6749 DT denotes a T1955 6750-6756 JJ denotes common T1956 6757-6770 NN denotes recombination T1954 6771-6777 NN denotes signal T1957 6777-6778 . denotes . T1958 6778-6975 sentence denotes In order to perform computational and experimental searches for such signals, it is important to have a better idea of the transcriptional start site of a large number of olfactory receptor genes. T1959 6779-6781 IN denotes In T1961 6782-6787 NN denotes order T1962 6788-6790 TO denotes to T1963 6791-6798 VB denotes perform T1964 6799-6812 JJ denotes computational T1966 6813-6816 CC denotes and T1967 6817-6829 JJ denotes experimental T1965 6830-6838 NNS denotes searches T1968 6839-6842 IN denotes for T1969 6843-6847 JJ denotes such T1970 6848-6855 NNS denotes signals T1971 6855-6857 , denotes , T1972 6857-6859 PRP denotes it T1960 6860-6862 VBZ denotes is T1973 6863-6872 JJ denotes important T1974 6873-6875 TO denotes to T1975 6876-6880 VB denotes have T1976 6881-6882 DT denotes a T1978 6883-6889 JJR denotes better T1977 6890-6894 NN denotes idea T1979 6895-6897 IN denotes of T1980 6898-6901 DT denotes the T1982 6902-6917 JJ denotes transcriptional T1983 6918-6923 NN denotes start T1981 6924-6928 NN denotes site T1984 6929-6931 IN denotes of T1985 6932-6933 DT denotes a T1987 6934-6939 JJ denotes large T1986 6940-6946 NN denotes number T1988 6947-6949 IN denotes of T1989 6950-6959 JJ denotes olfactory T1990 6960-6968 NN denotes receptor T1991 6969-6974 NNS denotes genes T1992 6974-6975 . denotes . T1993 6975-7139 sentence denotes Our olfactory receptor EST collection provides 5' untranslated region (UTR) sequences for many genes and, therefore, a large dataset of candidate promoter regions. T1994 6976-6979 PRP$ denotes Our T1996 6980-6989 JJ denotes olfactory T1997 6990-6998 NN denotes receptor T1998 6999-7002 NN denotes EST T1995 7003-7013 NN denotes collection T1999 7014-7022 VBZ denotes provides T2000 7023-7024 CD denotes 5 T2002 7024-7025 SYM denotes ' T2003 7026-7038 JJ denotes untranslated T2004 7039-7045 NN denotes region T2005 7046-7047 -LRB- denotes ( T2006 7047-7050 NN denotes UTR T2007 7050-7051 -RRB- denotes ) T2001 7052-7061 NNS denotes sequences T2008 7062-7065 IN denotes for T2009 7066-7070 JJ denotes many T2010 7071-7076 NNS denotes genes T2011 7077-7080 CC denotes and T2012 7080-7082 , denotes , T2013 7082-7091 RB denotes therefore T2015 7091-7093 , denotes , T2016 7093-7094 DT denotes a T2017 7095-7100 JJ denotes large T2014 7101-7108 NN denotes dataset T2018 7109-7111 IN denotes of T2019 7112-7121 NN denotes candidate T2020 7122-7130 NN denotes promoter T2021 7131-7138 NNS denotes regions T2022 7138-7139 . denotes . T2023 7139-7281 sentence denotes " Olfactory receptor genes have an intronless coding region, simplifying both computational and experimental olfactory receptor identification." T2024 7140-7149 JJ denotes Olfactory T2025 7150-7158 NN denotes receptor T2026 7159-7164 NNS denotes genes T2027 7165-7169 VBP denotes have T2028 7170-7172 DT denotes an T2030 7173-7183 JJ denotes intronless T2031 7184-7190 VBG denotes coding T2029 7191-7197 NN denotes region T2032 7197-7199 , denotes , T2033 7199-7210 VBG denotes simplifying T2034 7211-7215 CC denotes both T2035 7216-7229 JJ denotes computational T2037 7230-7233 CC denotes and T2038 7234-7246 JJ denotes experimental T2039 7247-7256 JJ denotes olfactory T2040 7257-7265 NN denotes receptor T2036 7266-7280 NN denotes identification T2041 7280-7281 . denotes . T2042 7281-7360 sentence denotes For a small number of olfactory receptors, gene structure has been determined. T2043 7282-7285 IN denotes For T2045 7286-7287 DT denotes a T2047 7288-7293 JJ denotes small T2046 7294-7300 NN denotes number T2048 7301-7303 IN denotes of T2049 7304-7313 JJ denotes olfactory T2050 7314-7323 NNS denotes receptors T2051 7323-7325 , denotes , T2052 7325-7329 NN denotes gene T2053 7330-7339 NN denotes structure T2054 7340-7343 VBZ denotes has T2055 7344-7348 VBN denotes been T2044 7349-7359 VBN denotes determined T2056 7359-7360 . denotes . T2057 7360-7472 sentence denotes Additional 5' untranslated exons lie upstream of the coding region and can be alternatively spliced [19,23-26]. T2058 7361-7371 JJ denotes Additional T2060 7372-7373 CD denotes 5 T2061 7373-7374 SYM denotes ' T2062 7375-7387 JJ denotes untranslated T2059 7388-7393 NNS denotes exons T2063 7394-7397 VBP denotes lie T2064 7398-7406 RB denotes upstream T2065 7407-7409 IN denotes of T2066 7410-7413 DT denotes the T2068 7414-7420 VBG denotes coding T2067 7421-7427 NN denotes region T2069 7428-7431 CC denotes and T2070 7432-7435 MD denotes can T2072 7436-7438 VB denotes be T2073 7439-7452 RB denotes alternatively T2071 7453-7460 VBN denotes spliced T2074 7461-7462 -LRB- denotes [ T2076 7462-7464 CD denotes 19 T2077 7464-7465 , denotes , T2075 7465-7467 CD denotes 23 T2078 7467-7468 SYM denotes - T2079 7468-7470 CD denotes 26 T2080 7470-7471 -RRB- denotes ] T2081 7471-7472 . denotes . T2082 7472-7524 sentence denotes The 3' untranslated region is typically intronless. T2083 7473-7476 DT denotes The T2085 7477-7478 CD denotes 3 T2086 7478-7479 SYM denotes ' T2087 7480-7492 JJ denotes untranslated T2084 7493-7499 NN denotes region T2088 7500-7502 VBZ denotes is T2089 7503-7512 RB denotes typically T2090 7513-7523 JJ denotes intronless T2091 7523-7524 . denotes . T2092 7524-7657 sentence denotes Exceptions to this stereotyped structure have been described for some human olfactory receptors, but are thought to be rare [25-27]. T2093 7525-7535 NNS denotes Exceptions T2095 7536-7538 IN denotes to T2096 7539-7543 DT denotes this T2098 7544-7555 JJ denotes stereotyped T2097 7556-7565 NN denotes structure T2099 7566-7570 VBP denotes have T2100 7571-7575 VBN denotes been T2094 7576-7585 VBN denotes described T2101 7586-7589 IN denotes for T2102 7590-7594 DT denotes some T2104 7595-7600 JJ denotes human T2105 7601-7610 JJ denotes olfactory T2103 7611-7620 NNS denotes receptors T2106 7620-7622 , denotes , T2107 7622-7625 CC denotes but T2108 7626-7629 VBP denotes are T2109 7630-7637 VBN denotes thought T2110 7638-7640 TO denotes to T2111 7641-7643 VB denotes be T2112 7644-7648 JJ denotes rare T2113 7649-7650 -LRB- denotes [ T2114 7650-7652 CD denotes 25 T2115 7652-7653 SYM denotes - T2116 7653-7655 CD denotes 27 T2117 7655-7656 -RRB- denotes ] T2118 7656-7657 . denotes . T2119 7657-7781 sentence denotes cDNA identification and RACE data have been used to determine gene structure for about 30 genes, see, for example, [19,23]. T2120 7658-7662 NN denotes cDNA T2121 7663-7677 NN denotes identification T2123 7678-7681 CC denotes and T2124 7682-7686 NN denotes RACE T2125 7687-7691 NNS denotes data T2126 7692-7696 VBP denotes have T2127 7697-7701 VBN denotes been T2122 7702-7706 VBN denotes used T2128 7707-7709 TO denotes to T2129 7710-7719 VB denotes determine T2130 7720-7724 NN denotes gene T2131 7725-7734 NN denotes structure T2132 7735-7738 IN denotes for T2133 7739-7744 RB denotes about T2134 7745-7747 CD denotes 30 T2135 7748-7753 NNS denotes genes T2136 7753-7755 , denotes , T2137 7755-7758 VB denotes see T2138 7758-7760 , denotes , T2139 7760-7763 IN denotes for T2141 7764-7771 NN denotes example T2142 7771-7773 , denotes , T2143 7773-7774 -LRB- denotes [ T2144 7774-7776 CD denotes 19 T2145 7776-7777 , denotes , T2140 7777-7779 CD denotes 23 T2146 7779-7780 -RRB- denotes ] T2147 7780-7781 . denotes . T2148 7781-7933 sentence denotes However, computational prediction of the location of 5' upstream exons and the extent of the 3' UTR from genomic sequence has been extremely difficult. T2149 7782-7789 RB denotes However T2151 7789-7791 , denotes , T2152 7791-7804 JJ denotes computational T2153 7805-7815 NN denotes prediction T2154 7816-7818 IN denotes of T2155 7819-7822 DT denotes the T2156 7823-7831 NN denotes location T2157 7832-7834 IN denotes of T2158 7835-7836 CD denotes 5 T2160 7836-7837 SYM denotes ' T2161 7838-7846 JJ denotes upstream T2159 7847-7852 NNS denotes exons T2162 7853-7856 CC denotes and T2163 7857-7860 DT denotes the T2164 7861-7867 NN denotes extent T2165 7868-7870 IN denotes of T2166 7871-7874 DT denotes the T2168 7875-7876 CD denotes 3 T2169 7876-7877 SYM denotes ' T2167 7878-7881 NN denotes UTR T2170 7882-7886 IN denotes from T2171 7887-7894 JJ denotes genomic T2172 7895-7903 NN denotes sequence T2173 7904-7907 VBZ denotes has T2150 7908-7912 VBN denotes been T2174 7913-7922 RB denotes extremely T2175 7923-7932 JJ denotes difficult T2176 7932-7933 . denotes . T2177 7933-8107 sentence denotes A combination of splice site predictions and similarity to other olfactory receptors has allowed some investigators to predict 5' exon locations for around 15 genes [25,28]. T2178 7934-7935 DT denotes A T2179 7936-7947 NN denotes combination T2181 7948-7950 IN denotes of T2182 7951-7957 NN denotes splice T2183 7958-7962 NN denotes site T2184 7963-7974 NNS denotes predictions T2185 7975-7978 CC denotes and T2186 7979-7989 NN denotes similarity T2187 7990-7992 IN denotes to T2188 7993-7998 JJ denotes other T2190 7999-8008 JJ denotes olfactory T2189 8009-8018 NNS denotes receptors T2191 8019-8022 VBZ denotes has T2180 8023-8030 VBN denotes allowed T2192 8031-8035 DT denotes some T2193 8036-8049 NNS denotes investigators T2195 8050-8052 TO denotes to T2194 8053-8060 VB denotes predict T2196 8061-8062 CD denotes 5 T2198 8062-8063 SYM denotes ' T2197 8064-8068 NN denotes exon T2199 8069-8078 NNS denotes locations T2200 8079-8082 IN denotes for T2201 8083-8089 RB denotes around T2202 8090-8092 CD denotes 15 T2203 8093-8098 NNS denotes genes T2204 8099-8100 -LRB- denotes [ T2206 8100-8102 CD denotes 25 T2207 8102-8103 , denotes , T2205 8103-8105 CD denotes 28 T2208 8105-8106 -RRB- denotes ] T2209 8106-8107 . denotes . T2210 8107-8195 sentence denotes Experimental validation shows that some, but not all, predictions are accurate [24,25]. T2211 8108-8120 JJ denotes Experimental T2212 8121-8131 NN denotes validation T2213 8132-8137 VBZ denotes shows T2214 8138-8142 IN denotes that T2216 8143-8147 DT denotes some T2217 8147-8149 , denotes , T2218 8149-8152 CC denotes but T2219 8153-8156 RB denotes not T2220 8157-8160 DT denotes all T2221 8160-8162 , denotes , T2222 8162-8173 NNS denotes predictions T2215 8174-8177 VBP denotes are T2223 8178-8186 JJ denotes accurate T2224 8187-8188 -LRB- denotes [ T2226 8188-8190 CD denotes 24 T2227 8190-8191 , denotes , T2225 8191-8193 CD denotes 25 T2228 8193-8194 -RRB- denotes ] T2229 8194-8195 . denotes . T2230 8195-8303 sentence denotes The total number of olfactory receptors for which gene structure is known is vastly increased by our study. T2231 8196-8199 DT denotes The T2233 8200-8205 JJ denotes total T2232 8206-8212 NN denotes number T2235 8213-8215 IN denotes of T2236 8216-8225 JJ denotes olfactory T2237 8226-8235 NNS denotes receptors T2238 8236-8239 IN denotes for T2240 8240-8245 WDT denotes which T2241 8246-8250 NN denotes gene T2242 8251-8260 NN denotes structure T2243 8261-8263 VBZ denotes is T2239 8264-8269 VBN denotes known T2244 8270-8272 VBZ denotes is T2245 8273-8279 RB denotes vastly T2234 8280-8289 VBN denotes increased T2246 8290-8292 IN denotes by T2247 8293-8296 PRP$ denotes our T2248 8297-8302 NN denotes study T2249 8302-8303 . denotes . T2250 8303-8419 sentence denotes " In this report, we describe the isolation and analysis of over 1,200 cDNAs representing 419 odorant receptor genes." T2251 8304-8306 IN denotes In T2253 8307-8311 DT denotes this T2254 8312-8318 NN denotes report T2255 8318-8320 , denotes , T2256 8320-8322 PRP denotes we T2252 8323-8331 VBP denotes describe T2257 8332-8335 DT denotes the T2258 8336-8345 NN denotes isolation T2259 8346-8349 CC denotes and T2260 8350-8358 NN denotes analysis T2261 8359-8361 IN denotes of T2262 8362-8366 IN denotes over T2263 8367-8372 CD denotes 1,200 T2264 8373-8378 NNS denotes cDNAs T2265 8379-8391 VBG denotes representing T2266 8392-8395 CD denotes 419 T2268 8396-8403 JJ denotes odorant T2269 8404-8412 NN denotes receptor T2267 8413-8418 NNS denotes genes T2270 8418-8419 . denotes . T2271 8419-8568 sentence denotes We screened a mouse olfactory epithelium library with degenerate olfactory receptor probes and obtained 5' end sequences (ESTs) from purified cDNAs. T2272 8420-8422 PRP denotes We T2273 8423-8431 VBD denotes screened T2274 8432-8433 DT denotes a T2276 8434-8439 NN denotes mouse T2278 8440-8449 JJ denotes olfactory T2277 8450-8460 NN denotes epithelium T2275 8461-8468 NN denotes library T2279 8469-8473 IN denotes with T2280 8474-8484 JJ denotes degenerate T2282 8485-8494 JJ denotes olfactory T2283 8495-8503 NN denotes receptor T2281 8504-8510 NNS denotes probes T2284 8511-8514 CC denotes and T2285 8515-8523 VBN denotes obtained T2286 8524-8525 CD denotes 5 T2287 8525-8526 SYM denotes ' T2288 8527-8530 NN denotes end T2289 8531-8540 NNS denotes sequences T2290 8541-8542 -LRB- denotes ( T2291 8542-8546 NNS denotes ESTs T2292 8546-8547 -RRB- denotes ) T2293 8548-8552 IN denotes from T2294 8553-8561 VBN denotes purified T2295 8562-8567 NNS denotes cDNAs T2296 8567-8568 . denotes . T2297 8568-8834 sentence denotes These clones confirm olfactory expression of over 400 olfactory receptors, provide their gene structure, demonstrate that not all olfactory receptors are expressed at the same level and show that most olfactory receptor genes have multiple transcriptional isoforms. T2298 8569-8574 DT denotes These T2299 8575-8581 NNS denotes clones T2300 8582-8589 VBP denotes confirm T2301 8590-8599 JJ denotes olfactory T2302 8600-8610 NN denotes expression T2303 8611-8613 IN denotes of T2304 8614-8618 IN denotes over T2305 8619-8622 CD denotes 400 T2307 8623-8632 JJ denotes olfactory T2306 8633-8642 NNS denotes receptors T2308 8642-8644 , denotes , T2309 8644-8651 VBP denotes provide T2310 8652-8657 PRP$ denotes their T2312 8658-8662 NN denotes gene T2311 8663-8672 NN denotes structure T2313 8672-8674 , denotes , T2314 8674-8685 VBP denotes demonstrate T2315 8686-8690 IN denotes that T2317 8691-8694 RB denotes not T2319 8695-8698 DT denotes all T2320 8699-8708 JJ denotes olfactory T2318 8709-8718 NNS denotes receptors T2321 8719-8722 VBP denotes are T2316 8723-8732 VBN denotes expressed T2322 8733-8735 IN denotes at T2323 8736-8739 DT denotes the T2325 8740-8744 JJ denotes same T2324 8745-8750 NN denotes level T2326 8751-8754 CC denotes and T2327 8755-8759 VBP denotes show T2328 8760-8764 IN denotes that T2330 8765-8769 JJS denotes most T2332 8770-8779 JJ denotes olfactory T2333 8780-8788 NN denotes receptor T2331 8789-8794 NNS denotes genes T2329 8795-8799 VBP denotes have T2334 8800-8808 JJ denotes multiple T2336 8809-8824 JJ denotes transcriptional T2335 8825-8833 NNS denotes isoforms T2337 8833-8834 . denotes . T2624 8845-8847 RB denotes At T2626 8848-8853 RBS denotes least T2625 8854-8857 CD denotes 419 T2628 8858-8863 NN denotes mouse T2629 8864-8873 JJ denotes olfactory T2630 8874-8882 NN denotes receptor T2627 8883-8888 NNS denotes genes T2632 8889-8892 VBP denotes are T2631 8893-8902 VBN denotes expressed T2633 8903-8905 IN denotes in T2634 8906-8909 DT denotes the T2636 8910-8919 JJ denotes olfactory T2635 8920-8930 NN denotes epithelium T2637 8930-9087 sentence denotes " We have isolated 1,264 olfactory receptor cDNA clones, which together confirm the olfactory epithelial expression of 419 annotated olfactory receptor genes." T2638 8931-8933 PRP denotes We T2640 8934-8938 VBP denotes have T2639 8939-8947 VBN denotes isolated T2641 8948-8953 CD denotes 1,264 T2643 8954-8963 JJ denotes olfactory T2644 8964-8972 NN denotes receptor T2645 8973-8977 NN denotes cDNA T2642 8978-8984 NNS denotes clones T2646 8984-8986 , denotes , T2647 8986-8991 WDT denotes which T2649 8992-9000 RB denotes together T2648 9001-9008 VBP denotes confirm T2650 9009-9012 DT denotes the T2652 9013-9022 JJ denotes olfactory T2653 9023-9033 JJ denotes epithelial T2651 9034-9044 NN denotes expression T2654 9045-9047 IN denotes of T2655 9048-9051 CD denotes 419 T2657 9052-9061 VBN denotes annotated T2658 9062-9071 JJ denotes olfactory T2659 9072-9080 NN denotes receptor T2656 9081-9086 NNS denotes genes T2660 9086-9087 . denotes . T2661 9087-9345 sentence denotes We used low-stringency hybridization with degenerate olfactory receptor DNA probes to screen around 4,100,000 plaque-forming units (pfu) of an adult mouse olfactory epithelium cDNA library and around 640,000 pfu of an embryonic olfactory epithelium library. T2662 9088-9090 PRP denotes We T2663 9091-9095 VBD denotes used T2664 9096-9099 JJ denotes low T2666 9099-9100 HYPH denotes - T2665 9100-9110 NN denotes stringency T2667 9111-9124 NN denotes hybridization T2668 9125-9129 IN denotes with T2669 9130-9140 JJ denotes degenerate T2671 9141-9150 JJ denotes olfactory T2672 9151-9159 NN denotes receptor T2673 9160-9163 NN denotes DNA T2670 9164-9170 NNS denotes probes T2674 9171-9173 TO denotes to T2675 9174-9180 VB denotes screen T2676 9181-9187 RB denotes around T2677 9188-9197 CD denotes 4,100,000 T2679 9198-9204 NN denotes plaque T2681 9204-9205 HYPH denotes - T2680 9205-9212 VBG denotes forming T2678 9213-9218 NNS denotes units T2682 9219-9220 -LRB- denotes ( T2683 9220-9223 NNS denotes pfu T2684 9223-9224 -RRB- denotes ) T2685 9225-9227 IN denotes of T2686 9228-9230 DT denotes an T2688 9231-9236 JJ denotes adult T2689 9237-9242 NN denotes mouse T2691 9243-9252 JJ denotes olfactory T2692 9253-9263 NN denotes epithelium T2690 9264-9268 NN denotes cDNA T2687 9269-9276 NN denotes library T2693 9277-9280 CC denotes and T2694 9281-9287 RB denotes around T2695 9288-9295 CD denotes 640,000 T2696 9296-9299 NNS denotes pfu T2697 9300-9302 IN denotes of T2698 9303-9305 DT denotes an T2700 9306-9315 JJ denotes embryonic T2702 9316-9325 JJ denotes olfactory T2701 9326-9336 NN denotes epithelium T2699 9337-9344 NN denotes library T2703 9344-9345 . denotes . T2704 9345-9461 sentence denotes We obtained sequences from 1,715 hybridization-positive cDNAs following secondary screens to isolate single clones. T2705 9346-9348 PRP denotes We T2706 9349-9357 VBD denotes obtained T2707 9358-9367 NNS denotes sequences T2708 9368-9372 IN denotes from T2709 9373-9378 CD denotes 1,715 T2711 9379-9392 NN denotes hybridization T2713 9392-9393 HYPH denotes - T2712 9393-9401 JJ denotes positive T2710 9402-9407 NNS denotes cDNAs T2714 9408-9417 VBG denotes following T2715 9418-9427 JJ denotes secondary T2716 9428-9435 NNS denotes screens T2717 9436-9438 TO denotes to T2718 9439-9446 VB denotes isolate T2719 9447-9453 JJ denotes single T2720 9454-9460 NNS denotes clones T2721 9460-9461 . denotes . T2722 9461-9533 sentence denotes Of these clones, 1,264 yielded olfactory receptor-containing sequences. T2723 9462-9464 IN denotes Of T2725 9465-9470 DT denotes these T2726 9471-9477 NNS denotes clones T2727 9477-9479 , denotes , T2728 9479-9484 CD denotes 1,264 T2724 9485-9492 VBD denotes yielded T2729 9493-9502 JJ denotes olfactory T2730 9503-9511 NN denotes receptor T2732 9511-9512 HYPH denotes - T2731 9512-9522 VBG denotes containing T2733 9523-9532 NNS denotes sequences T2734 9532-9533 . denotes . T2735 9533-9647 sentence denotes The 26% false-positive rate is a consequence of using low-stringency hybridization to obtain maximal sensitivity. T2736 9534-9537 DT denotes The T2738 9538-9540 CD denotes 26 T2739 9540-9541 NN denotes % T2740 9542-9547 JJ denotes false T2742 9547-9548 HYPH denotes - T2741 9548-9556 JJ denotes positive T2737 9557-9561 NN denotes rate T2743 9562-9564 VBZ denotes is T2744 9565-9566 DT denotes a T2745 9567-9578 NN denotes consequence T2746 9579-9581 IN denotes of T2747 9582-9587 VBG denotes using T2748 9588-9591 JJ denotes low T2750 9591-9592 HYPH denotes - T2749 9592-9602 NN denotes stringency T2751 9603-9616 NN denotes hybridization T2752 9617-9619 TO denotes to T2753 9620-9626 VB denotes obtain T2754 9627-9634 JJ denotes maximal T2755 9635-9646 NN denotes sensitivity T2756 9646-9647 . denotes . T2757 9647-9955 sentence denotes Continuing the screen would have resulted in cDNAs from additional olfactory receptors, but we reached a point of limiting returns: our final batch of 45 olfactory receptor-positive sequences represented 33 different olfactory receptors, of which only four had not been encountered previously in our screen. T2758 9648-9658 VBG denotes Continuing T2760 9659-9662 DT denotes the T2761 9663-9669 NN denotes screen T2762 9670-9675 MD denotes would T2763 9676-9680 VB denotes have T2759 9681-9689 VBN denotes resulted T2765 9690-9692 IN denotes in T2766 9693-9698 NNS denotes cDNAs T2767 9699-9703 IN denotes from T2768 9704-9714 JJ denotes additional T2770 9715-9724 JJ denotes olfactory T2769 9725-9734 NNS denotes receptors T2771 9734-9736 , denotes , T2772 9736-9739 CC denotes but T2773 9740-9742 PRP denotes we T2774 9743-9750 VBD denotes reached T2775 9751-9752 DT denotes a T2776 9753-9758 NN denotes point T2777 9759-9761 IN denotes of T2778 9762-9770 VBG denotes limiting T2779 9771-9778 NNS denotes returns T2780 9778-9780 : denotes : T2781 9780-9783 PRP$ denotes our T2783 9784-9789 JJ denotes final T2782 9790-9795 NN denotes batch T2784 9796-9798 IN denotes of T2785 9799-9801 CD denotes 45 T2787 9802-9811 JJ denotes olfactory T2788 9812-9820 NN denotes receptor T2790 9820-9821 HYPH denotes - T2789 9821-9829 JJ denotes positive T2786 9830-9839 NNS denotes sequences T2764 9840-9851 VBD denotes represented T2791 9852-9854 CD denotes 33 T2793 9855-9864 JJ denotes different T2794 9865-9874 JJ denotes olfactory T2792 9875-9884 NNS denotes receptors T2795 9884-9886 , denotes , T2796 9886-9888 IN denotes of T2798 9889-9894 WDT denotes which T2799 9895-9899 RB denotes only T2800 9900-9904 CD denotes four T2801 9905-9908 VBD denotes had T2802 9909-9912 RB denotes not T2803 9913-9917 VBN denotes been T2797 9918-9929 VBN denotes encountered T2804 9930-9940 RB denotes previously T2805 9941-9943 IN denotes in T2806 9944-9947 PRP$ denotes our T2807 9948-9954 NN denotes screen T2808 9954-9955 . denotes . T2809 9955-10019 sentence denotes " Sequence analysis shows that the libraries are of high quality." T2810 9956-9964 NN denotes Sequence T2811 9965-9973 NN denotes analysis T2812 9974-9979 VBZ denotes shows T2813 9980-9984 IN denotes that T2815 9985-9988 DT denotes the T2816 9989-9998 NNS denotes libraries T2814 9999-10002 VBP denotes are T2817 10003-10005 IN denotes of T2818 10006-10010 JJ denotes high T2819 10011-10018 NN denotes quality T2820 10018-10019 . denotes . T2821 10019-10173 sentence denotes Firstly, directional cloning was successful: only eight out of 1,430 cDNA sequences with any protein homology matched that protein on the reverse strand. T2822 10020-10027 RB denotes Firstly T2824 10027-10029 , denotes , T2825 10029-10040 JJ denotes directional T2826 10041-10048 NN denotes cloning T2827 10049-10052 VBD denotes was T2828 10053-10063 JJ denotes successful T2829 10063-10065 : denotes : T2830 10065-10069 RB denotes only T2832 10070-10075 CD denotes eight T2833 10076-10079 IN denotes out T2834 10080-10082 IN denotes of T2831 10083-10088 CD denotes 1,430 T2836 10089-10093 NN denotes cDNA T2835 10094-10103 NNS denotes sequences T2837 10104-10108 IN denotes with T2838 10109-10112 DT denotes any T2840 10113-10120 NN denotes protein T2839 10121-10129 NN denotes homology T2823 10130-10137 VBD denotes matched T2841 10138-10142 DT denotes that T2842 10143-10150 NN denotes protein T2843 10151-10153 IN denotes on T2844 10154-10157 DT denotes the T2846 10158-10165 JJ denotes reverse T2845 10166-10172 NN denotes strand T2847 10172-10173 . denotes . T2848 10173-10485 sentence denotes Secondly, genomic contamination is rare: when the 83 olfactory receptor-containing sequences that had a 5' UTR of 400 bp or longer were aligned to genomic sequence, 80 spliced across at least one intron, leaving a maximum of three clones (3.6%) that potentially represent genomic contamination of the libraries. T2849 10174-10182 RB denotes Secondly T2851 10182-10184 , denotes , T2852 10184-10191 JJ denotes genomic T2853 10192-10205 NN denotes contamination T2854 10206-10208 VBZ denotes is T2855 10209-10213 JJ denotes rare T2856 10213-10215 : denotes : T2857 10215-10219 WRB denotes when T2859 10220-10223 DT denotes the T2861 10224-10226 CD denotes 83 T2862 10227-10236 JJ denotes olfactory T2863 10237-10245 NN denotes receptor T2865 10245-10246 HYPH denotes - T2864 10246-10256 VBG denotes containing T2860 10257-10266 NNS denotes sequences T2866 10267-10271 WDT denotes that T2867 10272-10275 VBD denotes had T2868 10276-10277 DT denotes a T2870 10278-10279 CD denotes 5 T2871 10279-10280 SYM denotes ' T2869 10281-10284 NN denotes UTR T2872 10285-10287 IN denotes of T2873 10288-10291 CD denotes 400 T2874 10292-10294 NNS denotes bp T2875 10295-10297 CC denotes or T2876 10298-10304 JJR denotes longer T2877 10305-10309 VBD denotes were T2858 10310-10317 VBN denotes aligned T2878 10318-10320 IN denotes to T2879 10321-10328 JJ denotes genomic T2880 10329-10337 NN denotes sequence T2881 10337-10339 , denotes , T2882 10339-10341 CD denotes 80 T2850 10342-10349 VBN denotes spliced T2883 10350-10356 IN denotes across T2884 10357-10359 RB denotes at T2886 10360-10365 RBS denotes least T2885 10366-10369 CD denotes one T2887 10370-10376 NN denotes intron T2888 10376-10378 , denotes , T2889 10378-10385 VBG denotes leaving T2890 10386-10387 DT denotes a T2891 10388-10395 NN denotes maximum T2892 10396-10398 IN denotes of T2893 10399-10404 CD denotes three T2894 10405-10411 NNS denotes clones T2895 10412-10413 -LRB- denotes ( T2897 10413-10416 CD denotes 3.6 T2896 10416-10417 NN denotes % T2898 10417-10418 -RRB- denotes ) T2899 10419-10423 WDT denotes that T2901 10424-10435 RB denotes potentially T2900 10436-10445 VBP denotes represent T2902 10446-10453 JJ denotes genomic T2903 10454-10467 NN denotes contamination T2904 10468-10470 IN denotes of T2905 10471-10474 DT denotes the T2906 10475-10484 NNS denotes libraries T2907 10484-10485 . denotes . T2908 10485-10706 sentence denotes Thirdly, most clones are of a reasonable length: although we did not determine whether clones are full-length, 881 of 1,264 (70%) olfactory receptor cDNAs contain the gene's start codon and at least some 5' UTR sequence. T2909 10486-10493 RB denotes Thirdly T2911 10493-10495 , denotes , T2912 10495-10499 JJS denotes most T2913 10500-10506 NNS denotes clones T2914 10507-10510 VBP denotes are T2915 10511-10513 IN denotes of T2916 10514-10515 DT denotes a T2918 10516-10526 JJ denotes reasonable T2917 10527-10533 NN denotes length T2919 10533-10535 : denotes : T2920 10535-10543 IN denotes although T2922 10544-10546 PRP denotes we T2923 10547-10550 VBD denotes did T2924 10551-10554 RB denotes not T2921 10555-10564 VB denotes determine T2925 10565-10572 IN denotes whether T2927 10573-10579 NNS denotes clones T2926 10580-10583 VBP denotes are T2928 10584-10588 JJ denotes full T2930 10588-10589 HYPH denotes - T2929 10589-10595 NN denotes length T2931 10595-10597 , denotes , T2932 10597-10600 CD denotes 881 T2934 10601-10603 IN denotes of T2933 10604-10609 CD denotes 1,264 T2936 10610-10611 -LRB- denotes ( T2938 10611-10613 CD denotes 70 T2937 10613-10614 NN denotes % T2939 10614-10615 -RRB- denotes ) T2940 10616-10625 JJ denotes olfactory T2941 10626-10634 NN denotes receptor T2935 10635-10640 NNS denotes cDNAs T2910 10641-10648 VBP denotes contain T2942 10649-10652 DT denotes the T2943 10653-10657 NN denotes gene T2945 10657-10659 POS denotes 's T2946 10660-10665 NN denotes start T2944 10666-10671 NN denotes codon T2947 10672-10675 CC denotes and T2948 10676-10678 RB denotes at T2949 10679-10684 RBS denotes least T2951 10685-10689 DT denotes some T2952 10690-10691 CD denotes 5 T2954 10691-10692 SYM denotes ' T2953 10693-10696 NN denotes UTR T2950 10697-10705 NN denotes sequence T2955 10705-10706 . denotes . T2956 10706-10893 sentence denotes " In order to match cDNAs to their genomic counterparts, first we updated our catalog of mouse olfactory receptor genes [1] based on Celera's most recent genome assembly (Release 13) [29]." T2957 10707-10709 IN denotes In T2959 10710-10715 NN denotes order T2960 10716-10718 TO denotes to T2961 10719-10724 VB denotes match T2962 10725-10730 NNS denotes cDNAs T2963 10731-10733 IN denotes to T2964 10734-10739 PRP$ denotes their T2966 10740-10747 JJ denotes genomic T2965 10748-10760 NNS denotes counterparts T2967 10760-10762 , denotes , T2968 10762-10767 RB denotes first T2969 10768-10770 PRP denotes we T2958 10771-10778 VBD denotes updated T2970 10779-10782 PRP$ denotes our T2971 10783-10790 NN denotes catalog T2972 10791-10793 IN denotes of T2973 10794-10799 NN denotes mouse T2975 10800-10809 JJ denotes olfactory T2976 10810-10818 NN denotes receptor T2974 10819-10824 NNS denotes genes T2977 10825-10826 -LRB- denotes [ T2978 10826-10827 CD denotes 1 T2979 10827-10828 -RRB- denotes ] T2980 10829-10834 VBN denotes based T2981 10835-10837 IN denotes on T2982 10838-10844 NNP denotes Celera T2984 10844-10846 POS denotes 's T2985 10847-10851 RBS denotes most T2986 10852-10858 JJ denotes recent T2987 10859-10865 NN denotes genome T2983 10866-10874 NN denotes assembly T2988 10875-10876 -LRB- denotes ( T2989 10876-10883 NN denotes Release T2990 10884-10886 CD denotes 13 T2991 10886-10887 -RRB- denotes ) T2992 10888-10889 -LRB- denotes [ T2993 10889-10891 CD denotes 29 T2994 10891-10892 -RRB- denotes ] T2995 10892-10893 . denotes . T2996 10893-10998 sentence denotes Previous reports of the mouse olfactory receptor repertoire [1,2] were based on the Release 12 assembly. T2997 10894-10902 JJ denotes Previous T2998 10903-10910 NNS denotes reports T3000 10911-10913 IN denotes of T3001 10914-10917 DT denotes the T3003 10918-10923 NN denotes mouse T3005 10924-10933 JJ denotes olfactory T3004 10934-10942 NN denotes receptor T3002 10943-10953 NN denotes repertoire T3006 10954-10955 -LRB- denotes [ T3008 10955-10956 CD denotes 1 T3009 10956-10957 , denotes , T3007 10957-10958 CD denotes 2 T3010 10958-10959 -RRB- denotes ] T3011 10960-10964 VBD denotes were T2999 10965-10970 VBN denotes based T3012 10971-10973 IN denotes on T3013 10974-10977 DT denotes the T3015 10978-10985 NN denotes Release T3016 10986-10988 CD denotes 12 T3014 10989-10997 NN denotes assembly T3017 10997-10998 . denotes . T3018 10998-11102 sentence denotes Release 13 consists of fewer, longer scaffold sequences containing fewer, smaller gaps than Release 12. T3019 10999-11006 NN denotes Release T3021 11007-11009 CD denotes 13 T3020 11010-11018 VBZ denotes consists T3022 11019-11021 IN denotes of T3023 11022-11027 JJR denotes fewer T3025 11027-11029 , denotes , T3024 11029-11035 JJR denotes longer T3027 11036-11044 NN denotes scaffold T3026 11045-11054 NNS denotes sequences T3028 11055-11065 VBG denotes containing T3029 11066-11071 JJR denotes fewer T3031 11071-11073 , denotes , T3030 11073-11080 JJR denotes smaller T3032 11081-11085 NNS denotes gaps T3033 11086-11090 IN denotes than T3034 11091-11098 NN denotes Release T3035 11099-11101 CD denotes 12 T3036 11101-11102 . denotes . T3037 11102-11437 sentence denotes Using the BLAST-based methods detailed previously [1], we identified 1,490 olfactory receptor sequences in the new assembly, including 1,107 intact olfactory receptor genes (compared to 866 intact olfactory receptors in the old assembly) reflecting the reduced sequence error rate and increased coverage of the new assembly (Table 1). T3038 11103-11108 VBG denotes Using T3040 11109-11112 DT denotes the T3042 11113-11118 NN denotes BLAST T3044 11118-11119 HYPH denotes - T3043 11119-11124 VBN denotes based T3041 11125-11132 NNS denotes methods T3045 11133-11141 VBN denotes detailed T3046 11142-11152 RB denotes previously T3047 11153-11154 -LRB- denotes [ T3048 11154-11155 CD denotes 1 T3049 11155-11156 -RRB- denotes ] T3050 11156-11158 , denotes , T3051 11158-11160 PRP denotes we T3039 11161-11171 VBD denotes identified T3052 11172-11177 CD denotes 1,490 T3054 11178-11187 JJ denotes olfactory T3055 11188-11196 NN denotes receptor T3053 11197-11206 NNS denotes sequences T3056 11207-11209 IN denotes in T3057 11210-11213 DT denotes the T3059 11214-11217 JJ denotes new T3058 11218-11226 NN denotes assembly T3060 11226-11228 , denotes , T3061 11228-11237 VBG denotes including T3062 11238-11243 CD denotes 1,107 T3064 11244-11250 JJ denotes intact T3065 11251-11260 JJ denotes olfactory T3066 11261-11269 NN denotes receptor T3063 11270-11275 NNS denotes genes T3067 11276-11277 -LRB- denotes ( T3068 11277-11285 VBN denotes compared T3069 11286-11288 IN denotes to T3070 11289-11292 CD denotes 866 T3072 11293-11299 JJ denotes intact T3073 11300-11309 JJ denotes olfactory T3071 11310-11319 NNS denotes receptors T3074 11320-11322 IN denotes in T3075 11323-11326 DT denotes the T3077 11327-11330 JJ denotes old T3076 11331-11339 NN denotes assembly T3078 11339-11340 -RRB- denotes ) T3079 11341-11351 VBG denotes reflecting T3080 11352-11355 DT denotes the T3082 11356-11363 VBN denotes reduced T3083 11364-11372 NN denotes sequence T3084 11373-11378 NN denotes error T3081 11379-11383 NN denotes rate T3085 11384-11387 CC denotes and T3086 11388-11397 VBN denotes increased T3087 11398-11406 NN denotes coverage T3088 11407-11409 IN denotes of T3089 11410-11413 DT denotes the T3091 11414-11417 JJ denotes new T3090 11418-11426 NN denotes assembly T3092 11427-11428 -LRB- denotes ( T3093 11428-11433 NN denotes Table T3094 11434-11435 CD denotes 1 T3095 11435-11436 -RRB- denotes ) T3096 11436-11437 . denotes . T3097 11437-11657 sentence denotes We created a local database of genomic sequences including all olfactory receptor loci and 0.5 Mb flanking sequences (if available) and compared each cDNA sequence to this 'olfactory subgenome' database using sim4 [30]. T3098 11438-11440 PRP denotes We T3099 11441-11448 VBD denotes created T3100 11449-11450 DT denotes a T3102 11451-11456 JJ denotes local T3101 11457-11465 NN denotes database T3103 11466-11468 IN denotes of T3104 11469-11476 JJ denotes genomic T3105 11477-11486 NNS denotes sequences T3106 11487-11496 VBG denotes including T3107 11497-11500 DT denotes all T3109 11501-11510 JJ denotes olfactory T3110 11511-11519 NN denotes receptor T3108 11520-11524 NNS denotes loci T3111 11525-11528 CC denotes and T3112 11529-11532 CD denotes 0.5 T3113 11533-11535 NN denotes Mb T3115 11536-11544 NN denotes flanking T3114 11545-11554 NNS denotes sequences T3116 11555-11556 -LRB- denotes ( T3118 11556-11558 IN denotes if T3117 11559-11568 JJ denotes available T3119 11568-11569 -RRB- denotes ) T3120 11570-11573 CC denotes and T3121 11574-11582 VBN denotes compared T3122 11583-11587 DT denotes each T3124 11588-11592 NN denotes cDNA T3123 11593-11601 NN denotes sequence T3125 11602-11604 IN denotes to T3126 11605-11609 DT denotes this T3128 11610-11611 `` denotes ' T3129 11611-11620 JJ denotes olfactory T3130 11621-11630 NN denotes subgenome T3131 11630-11631 '' denotes ' T3127 11632-11640 NN denotes database T3132 11641-11646 VBG denotes using T3133 11647-11651 NN denotes sim4 T3134 11652-11653 -LRB- denotes [ T3135 11653-11655 CD denotes 30 T3136 11655-11656 -RRB- denotes ] T3137 11656-11657 . denotes . T3138 11657-11814 sentence denotes " cDNAs were assigned to individual genes based on their best match to an olfactory receptor coding region or its upstream region (see Materials and methods)." T3139 11658-11663 NNS denotes cDNAs T3141 11664-11668 VBD denotes were T3140 11669-11677 VBN denotes assigned T3142 11678-11680 IN denotes to T3143 11681-11691 JJ denotes individual T3144 11692-11697 NNS denotes genes T3145 11698-11703 VBN denotes based T3146 11704-11706 IN denotes on T3147 11707-11712 PRP$ denotes their T3149 11713-11717 JJS denotes best T3148 11718-11723 NN denotes match T3150 11724-11726 IN denotes to T3151 11727-11729 DT denotes an T3153 11730-11739 JJ denotes olfactory T3154 11740-11748 NN denotes receptor T3155 11749-11755 NN denotes coding T3152 11756-11762 NN denotes region T3156 11763-11765 CC denotes or T3157 11766-11769 PRP$ denotes its T3159 11770-11778 JJ denotes upstream T3158 11779-11785 NN denotes region T3160 11786-11787 -LRB- denotes ( T3161 11787-11790 VB denotes see T3162 11791-11800 NNS denotes Materials T3163 11801-11804 CC denotes and T3164 11805-11812 NNS denotes methods T3165 11812-11813 -RRB- denotes ) T3166 11813-11814 . denotes . T3167 11814-12105 sentence denotes Of the 1,264 olfactory receptor cDNAs, 1,176 matched a total of 419 olfactory receptor genes; the remaining cDNAs either matched an olfactory receptor below our 96% nucleotide identity threshold or had ambiguous matches encompassing more than one olfactory receptor gene region (see below). T3168 11815-11817 IN denotes Of T3170 11818-11821 DT denotes the T3172 11822-11827 CD denotes 1,264 T3173 11828-11837 JJ denotes olfactory T3174 11838-11846 NN denotes receptor T3171 11847-11852 NNS denotes cDNAs T3175 11852-11854 , denotes , T3176 11854-11859 CD denotes 1,176 T3169 11860-11867 VBD denotes matched T3178 11868-11869 DT denotes a T3179 11870-11875 NN denotes total T3180 11876-11878 IN denotes of T3181 11879-11882 CD denotes 419 T3183 11883-11892 JJ denotes olfactory T3184 11893-11901 NN denotes receptor T3182 11902-11907 NNS denotes genes T3185 11907-11908 : denotes ; T3186 11909-11912 DT denotes the T3188 11913-11922 VBG denotes remaining T3187 11923-11928 NNS denotes cDNAs T3189 11929-11935 CC denotes either T3177 11936-11943 VBD denotes matched T3190 11944-11946 DT denotes an T3192 11947-11956 JJ denotes olfactory T3191 11957-11965 NN denotes receptor T3193 11966-11971 IN denotes below T3194 11972-11975 PRP$ denotes our T3196 11976-11978 CD denotes 96 T3197 11978-11979 NN denotes % T3199 11980-11990 NN denotes nucleotide T3198 11991-11999 NN denotes identity T3195 12000-12009 NN denotes threshold T3200 12010-12012 CC denotes or T3201 12013-12016 VBD denotes had T3202 12017-12026 JJ denotes ambiguous T3203 12027-12034 NNS denotes matches T3204 12035-12047 VBG denotes encompassing T3205 12048-12052 JJR denotes more T3207 12053-12057 IN denotes than T3206 12058-12061 CD denotes one T3209 12062-12071 JJ denotes olfactory T3210 12072-12080 NN denotes receptor T3211 12081-12085 NN denotes gene T3208 12086-12092 NN denotes region T3212 12093-12094 -LRB- denotes ( T3213 12094-12097 VB denotes see T3214 12098-12103 RB denotes below T3215 12103-12104 -RRB- denotes ) T3216 12104-12105 . denotes . T3520 12107-12108 DT denotes A T3522 12109-12114 NN denotes class T3523 12115-12116 CD denotes I T3524 12117-12126 JJ denotes olfactory T3525 12127-12135 NN denotes receptor T3526 12136-12146 JJ denotes degenerate T3521 12147-12153 NN denotes primer T3527 12154-12162 VBZ denotes broadens T3528 12163-12175 JJ denotes phylogenetic T3529 12176-12188 NN denotes distribution T3530 12189-12191 IN denotes of T3531 12192-12201 VBN denotes confirmed T3533 12202-12211 JJ denotes olfactory T3534 12212-12220 NN denotes receptor T3532 12221-12226 NNS denotes genes T3535 12226-12490 sentence denotes " Previous analyses of the mammalian olfactory receptor family define two major phylogenetic clades, referred to as class I and II olfactory receptors, and suggest that class I olfactory receptors are more similar to fish olfactory receptors than are class IIs [5]." T3536 12227-12235 JJ denotes Previous T3537 12236-12244 NNS denotes analyses T3539 12245-12247 IN denotes of T3540 12248-12251 DT denotes the T3542 12252-12261 JJ denotes mammalian T3543 12262-12271 JJ denotes olfactory T3544 12272-12280 NN denotes receptor T3541 12281-12287 NN denotes family T3538 12288-12294 VBZ denotes define T3545 12295-12298 CD denotes two T3547 12299-12304 JJ denotes major T3548 12305-12317 JJ denotes phylogenetic T3546 12318-12324 NNS denotes clades T3549 12324-12326 , denotes , T3550 12326-12334 VBN denotes referred T3551 12335-12337 IN denotes to T3552 12338-12340 IN denotes as T3553 12341-12346 NN denotes class T3554 12347-12348 CD denotes I T3556 12349-12352 CC denotes and T3557 12353-12355 CD denotes II T3558 12356-12365 JJ denotes olfactory T3555 12366-12375 NNS denotes receptors T3559 12375-12377 , denotes , T3560 12377-12380 CC denotes and T3561 12381-12388 VBP denotes suggest T3562 12389-12393 IN denotes that T3564 12394-12399 NN denotes class T3566 12400-12401 CD denotes I T3567 12402-12411 JJ denotes olfactory T3565 12412-12421 NNS denotes receptors T3563 12422-12425 VBP denotes are T3568 12426-12430 RBR denotes more T3569 12431-12438 JJ denotes similar T3570 12439-12441 IN denotes to T3571 12442-12446 NN denotes fish T3573 12447-12456 JJ denotes olfactory T3572 12457-12466 NNS denotes receptors T3574 12467-12471 IN denotes than T3575 12472-12475 VBP denotes are T3576 12476-12481 NN denotes class T3577 12482-12485 NNS denotes IIs T3578 12486-12487 -LRB- denotes [ T3579 12487-12488 CD denotes 5 T3580 12488-12489 -RRB- denotes ] T3581 12489-12490 . denotes . T3582 12490-12849 sentence denotes Figure 1 illustrates the phylogenetic diversity of our cDNA collection, showing that we have confirmed expression of at least one olfactory receptor gene in each major clade of the class II olfactory receptor genes, or 391 out of 983 (40%) of all intact class II olfactory receptor genes where full-length genomic sequence data are available (blue branches). T3583 12491-12497 NN denotes Figure T3585 12498-12499 CD denotes 1 T3584 12500-12511 VBZ denotes illustrates T3586 12512-12515 DT denotes the T3588 12516-12528 JJ denotes phylogenetic T3587 12529-12538 NN denotes diversity T3589 12539-12541 IN denotes of T3590 12542-12545 PRP$ denotes our T3592 12546-12550 NN denotes cDNA T3591 12551-12561 NN denotes collection T3593 12561-12563 , denotes , T3594 12563-12570 VBG denotes showing T3595 12571-12575 IN denotes that T3597 12576-12578 PRP denotes we T3598 12579-12583 VBP denotes have T3596 12584-12593 VBN denotes confirmed T3599 12594-12604 NN denotes expression T3600 12605-12607 IN denotes of T3601 12608-12610 RB denotes at T3603 12611-12616 RBS denotes least T3602 12617-12620 CD denotes one T3605 12621-12630 JJ denotes olfactory T3606 12631-12639 NN denotes receptor T3604 12640-12644 NN denotes gene T3607 12645-12647 IN denotes in T3608 12648-12652 DT denotes each T3610 12653-12658 JJ denotes major T3609 12659-12664 NN denotes clade T3611 12665-12667 IN denotes of T3612 12668-12671 DT denotes the T3614 12672-12677 NN denotes class T3615 12678-12680 CD denotes II T3616 12681-12690 JJ denotes olfactory T3617 12691-12699 NN denotes receptor T3613 12700-12705 NNS denotes genes T3618 12705-12707 , denotes , T3619 12707-12709 CC denotes or T3620 12710-12713 CD denotes 391 T3622 12714-12717 IN denotes out T3623 12718-12720 IN denotes of T3621 12721-12724 CD denotes 983 T3624 12725-12726 -LRB- denotes ( T3626 12726-12728 CD denotes 40 T3625 12728-12729 NN denotes % T3627 12729-12730 -RRB- denotes ) T3628 12731-12733 IN denotes of T3629 12734-12737 DT denotes all T3631 12738-12744 JJ denotes intact T3632 12745-12750 NN denotes class T3633 12751-12753 CD denotes II T3634 12754-12763 JJ denotes olfactory T3635 12764-12772 NN denotes receptor T3630 12773-12778 NNS denotes genes T3636 12779-12784 WRB denotes where T3638 12785-12789 JJ denotes full T3640 12789-12790 HYPH denotes - T3639 12790-12796 NN denotes length T3642 12797-12804 JJ denotes genomic T3643 12805-12813 NN denotes sequence T3641 12814-12818 NNS denotes data T3637 12819-12822 VBP denotes are T3644 12823-12832 JJ denotes available T3645 12833-12834 -LRB- denotes ( T3647 12834-12838 JJ denotes blue T3646 12839-12847 NNS denotes branches T3648 12847-12848 -RRB- denotes ) T3649 12848-12849 . denotes . T3650 12849-12942 sentence denotes The screen thus appears relatively unbiased in its coverage of class II olfactory receptors. T3651 12850-12853 DT denotes The T3652 12854-12860 NN denotes screen T3654 12861-12865 RB denotes thus T3653 12866-12873 VBZ denotes appears T3655 12874-12884 RB denotes relatively T3656 12885-12893 JJ denotes unbiased T3657 12894-12896 IN denotes in T3658 12897-12900 PRP$ denotes its T3659 12901-12909 NN denotes coverage T3660 12910-12912 IN denotes of T3661 12913-12918 NN denotes class T3663 12919-12921 CD denotes II T3664 12922-12931 JJ denotes olfactory T3662 12932-12941 NNS denotes receptors T3665 12941-12942 . denotes . T3666 12942-13057 sentence denotes However, our random screen provided cDNAs for only two out of 124 intact, full-length class I olfactory receptors. T3667 12943-12950 RB denotes However T3669 12950-12952 , denotes , T3670 12952-12955 PRP$ denotes our T3672 12956-12962 JJ denotes random T3671 12963-12969 NN denotes screen T3668 12970-12978 VBD denotes provided T3673 12979-12984 NNS denotes cDNAs T3674 12985-12988 IN denotes for T3675 12989-12993 RB denotes only T3677 12994-12997 CD denotes two T3678 12998-13001 IN denotes out T3679 13002-13004 IN denotes of T3676 13005-13008 CD denotes 124 T3681 13009-13015 JJ denotes intact T3682 13015-13017 , denotes , T3683 13017-13021 JJ denotes full T3685 13021-13022 HYPH denotes - T3684 13022-13028 NN denotes length T3686 13029-13034 NN denotes class T3687 13035-13036 CD denotes I T3688 13037-13046 JJ denotes olfactory T3680 13047-13056 NNS denotes receptors T3689 13056-13057 . denotes . T3690 13057-13240 sentence denotes In an attempt to broaden the phylogenetic coverage of our hybridization screen, we used additional degenerate probes on the adult library and screened an embryonic library (Table 2). T3691 13058-13060 IN denotes In T3693 13061-13063 DT denotes an T3694 13064-13071 NN denotes attempt T3695 13072-13074 TO denotes to T3696 13075-13082 VB denotes broaden T3697 13083-13086 DT denotes the T3699 13087-13099 JJ denotes phylogenetic T3698 13100-13108 NN denotes coverage T3700 13109-13111 IN denotes of T3701 13112-13115 PRP$ denotes our T3703 13116-13129 NN denotes hybridization T3702 13130-13136 NN denotes screen T3704 13136-13138 , denotes , T3705 13138-13140 PRP denotes we T3692 13141-13145 VBD denotes used T3706 13146-13156 JJ denotes additional T3708 13157-13167 JJ denotes degenerate T3707 13168-13174 NNS denotes probes T3709 13175-13177 IN denotes on T3710 13178-13181 DT denotes the T3712 13182-13187 JJ denotes adult T3711 13188-13195 NN denotes library T3713 13196-13199 CC denotes and T3714 13200-13208 VBD denotes screened T3715 13209-13211 DT denotes an T3717 13212-13221 JJ denotes embryonic T3716 13222-13229 NN denotes library T3718 13230-13231 -LRB- denotes ( T3719 13231-13236 NN denotes Table T3720 13237-13238 CD denotes 2 T3721 13238-13239 -RRB- denotes ) T3722 13239-13240 . denotes . T3723 13240-13323 sentence denotes These experiments did not increase the diversity of clones identified (not shown). T3724 13241-13246 DT denotes These T3725 13247-13258 NNS denotes experiments T3727 13259-13262 VBD denotes did T3728 13263-13266 RB denotes not T3726 13267-13275 VB denotes increase T3729 13276-13279 DT denotes the T3730 13280-13289 NN denotes diversity T3731 13290-13292 IN denotes of T3732 13293-13299 NNS denotes clones T3733 13300-13310 VBN denotes identified T3734 13311-13312 -LRB- denotes ( T3736 13312-13315 RB denotes not T3735 13316-13321 VBN denotes shown T3737 13321-13322 -RRB- denotes ) T3738 13322-13323 . denotes . T3739 13323-13476 sentence denotes " This severe class I underrepresentation could be due to experimental bias - a consequence of using degenerate primers to create our hybridization probe." T3740 13324-13328 DT denotes This T3742 13329-13335 JJ denotes severe T3743 13336-13341 NN denotes class T3744 13342-13343 CD denotes I T3741 13344-13363 NN denotes underrepresentation T3746 13364-13369 MD denotes could T3745 13370-13372 VB denotes be T3747 13373-13376 IN denotes due T3748 13377-13379 IN denotes to T3749 13380-13392 JJ denotes experimental T3750 13393-13397 NN denotes bias T3751 13398-13399 : denotes - T3752 13400-13401 DT denotes a T3753 13402-13413 NN denotes consequence T3754 13414-13416 IN denotes of T3755 13417-13422 VBG denotes using T3756 13423-13433 JJ denotes degenerate T3757 13434-13441 NNS denotes primers T3758 13442-13444 TO denotes to T3759 13445-13451 VB denotes create T3760 13452-13455 PRP$ denotes our T3762 13456-13469 NN denotes hybridization T3761 13470-13475 NN denotes probe T3763 13475-13476 . denotes . T3764 13476-13577 sentence denotes Alternatively, class I genes might be expressed at extremely low levels in the olfactory epithelium. T3765 13477-13490 RB denotes Alternatively T3767 13490-13492 , denotes , T3768 13492-13497 NN denotes class T3770 13498-13499 CD denotes I T3769 13500-13505 NNS denotes genes T3771 13506-13511 MD denotes might T3772 13512-13514 VB denotes be T3766 13515-13524 VBN denotes expressed T3773 13525-13527 IN denotes at T3774 13528-13537 RB denotes extremely T3775 13538-13541 JJ denotes low T3776 13542-13548 NNS denotes levels T3777 13549-13551 IN denotes in T3778 13552-13555 DT denotes the T3780 13556-13565 JJ denotes olfactory T3779 13566-13576 NN denotes epithelium T3781 13576-13577 . denotes . T3782 13577-13850 sentence denotes In order to determine whether class I olfactory receptors are expressed in the olfactory epithelium, we designed a reverse-strand degenerate primer to recognize a motif in transmembrane domain 7 (PP{V/M/A/T}{F/L/I/M}NP) enriched among class I olfactory receptor sequences. T3783 13578-13580 IN denotes In T3785 13581-13586 NN denotes order T3786 13587-13589 TO denotes to T3787 13590-13599 VB denotes determine T3788 13600-13607 IN denotes whether T3790 13608-13613 NN denotes class T3792 13614-13615 CD denotes I T3793 13616-13625 JJ denotes olfactory T3791 13626-13635 NNS denotes receptors T3794 13636-13639 VBP denotes are T3789 13640-13649 VBN denotes expressed T3795 13650-13652 IN denotes in T3796 13653-13656 DT denotes the T3798 13657-13666 JJ denotes olfactory T3797 13667-13677 NN denotes epithelium T3799 13677-13679 , denotes , T3800 13679-13681 PRP denotes we T3784 13682-13690 VBD denotes designed T3801 13691-13692 DT denotes a T3803 13693-13700 JJ denotes reverse T3805 13700-13701 HYPH denotes - T3804 13701-13707 NN denotes strand T3806 13708-13718 JJ denotes degenerate T3802 13719-13725 NN denotes primer T3807 13726-13728 TO denotes to T3808 13729-13738 VB denotes recognize T3809 13739-13740 DT denotes a T3810 13741-13746 NN denotes motif T3811 13747-13749 IN denotes in T3812 13750-13763 NN denotes transmembrane T3813 13764-13770 NN denotes domain T3814 13771-13772 CD denotes 7 T3815 13773-13774 -LRB- denotes ( T3817 13774-13776 NN denotes PP T3818 13776-13777 -LRB- denotes { T3819 13777-13778 NN denotes V T3821 13778-13779 HYPH denotes / T3822 13779-13780 NN denotes M T3823 13780-13781 HYPH denotes / T3824 13781-13782 NN denotes A T3825 13782-13783 HYPH denotes / T3820 13783-13784 NN denotes T T3826 13784-13785 RBR denotes } T3827 13785-13786 -LRB- denotes { T3828 13786-13787 NN denotes F T3830 13787-13788 HYPH denotes / T3831 13788-13789 NN denotes L T3832 13789-13790 HYPH denotes / T3833 13790-13791 NN denotes I T3834 13791-13792 HYPH denotes / T3829 13792-13793 NN denotes M T3835 13793-13794 RBR denotes } T3816 13794-13796 NN denotes NP T3836 13796-13797 -RRB- denotes ) T3837 13798-13806 VBN denotes enriched T3838 13807-13812 IN denotes among T3839 13813-13818 NN denotes class T3841 13819-13820 CD denotes I T3842 13821-13830 JJ denotes olfactory T3843 13831-13839 NN denotes receptor T3840 13840-13849 NNS denotes sequences T3844 13849-13850 . denotes . T3845 13850-14077 sentence denotes Most of the motif is shared among all olfactory receptors, but the first proline residue (at the primer's 3' end) is found in 121 out of 124 (98%) intact class I genes compared to only 37 out of 983 (4%) intact class II genes. T3846 13851-13855 JJS denotes Most T3848 13856-13858 IN denotes of T3849 13859-13862 DT denotes the T3850 13863-13868 NN denotes motif T3851 13869-13871 VBZ denotes is T3847 13872-13878 VBN denotes shared T3852 13879-13884 IN denotes among T3853 13885-13888 DT denotes all T3855 13889-13898 JJ denotes olfactory T3854 13899-13908 NNS denotes receptors T3856 13908-13910 , denotes , T3857 13910-13913 CC denotes but T3858 13914-13917 DT denotes the T3860 13918-13923 JJ denotes first T3861 13924-13931 NN denotes proline T3859 13932-13939 NN denotes residue T3863 13940-13941 -LRB- denotes ( T3864 13941-13943 IN denotes at T3865 13944-13947 DT denotes the T3866 13948-13954 NN denotes primer T3868 13954-13956 POS denotes 's T3869 13957-13958 CD denotes 3 T3870 13958-13959 SYM denotes ' T3867 13960-13963 NN denotes end T3871 13963-13964 -RRB- denotes ) T3872 13965-13967 VBZ denotes is T3862 13968-13973 VBN denotes found T3873 13974-13976 IN denotes in T3874 13977-13980 CD denotes 121 T3876 13981-13984 IN denotes out T3877 13985-13987 IN denotes of T3875 13988-13991 CD denotes 124 T3879 13992-13993 -LRB- denotes ( T3881 13993-13995 CD denotes 98 T3880 13995-13996 NN denotes % T3882 13996-13997 -RRB- denotes ) T3883 13998-14004 JJ denotes intact T3884 14005-14010 NN denotes class T3885 14011-14012 CD denotes I T3878 14013-14018 NNS denotes genes T3886 14019-14027 VBN denotes compared T3887 14028-14030 IN denotes to T3888 14031-14035 RB denotes only T3890 14036-14038 CD denotes 37 T3891 14039-14042 IN denotes out T3892 14043-14045 IN denotes of T3889 14046-14049 CD denotes 983 T3894 14050-14051 -LRB- denotes ( T3896 14051-14052 CD denotes 4 T3895 14052-14053 NN denotes % T3897 14053-14054 -RRB- denotes ) T3898 14055-14061 JJ denotes intact T3899 14062-14067 NN denotes class T3900 14068-14070 CD denotes II T3893 14071-14076 NNS denotes genes T3901 14076-14077 . denotes . T3902 14077-14473 sentence denotes When combined with another olfactory receptor degenerate primer, P26 [17], this primer preferentially amplifies class I olfactory receptors from mouse genomic DNA: of 33 sequenced, cloned PCR products, 17 represented seven different class I olfactory receptors, six represented three different class II olfactory receptors, and ten represented five different non-olfactory receptor contaminants. T3903 14078-14082 WRB denotes When T3904 14083-14091 VBN denotes combined T3906 14092-14096 IN denotes with T3907 14097-14104 DT denotes another T3909 14105-14114 JJ denotes olfactory T3910 14115-14123 NN denotes receptor T3911 14124-14134 JJ denotes degenerate T3908 14135-14141 NN denotes primer T3912 14141-14143 , denotes , T3913 14143-14146 NN denotes P26 T3914 14147-14148 -LRB- denotes [ T3915 14148-14150 CD denotes 17 T3916 14150-14151 -RRB- denotes ] T3917 14151-14153 , denotes , T3918 14153-14157 DT denotes this T3919 14158-14164 NN denotes primer T3920 14165-14179 RB denotes preferentially T3905 14180-14189 VBZ denotes amplifies T3922 14190-14195 NN denotes class T3924 14196-14197 CD denotes I T3925 14198-14207 JJ denotes olfactory T3923 14208-14217 NNS denotes receptors T3926 14218-14222 IN denotes from T3927 14223-14228 NN denotes mouse T3929 14229-14236 JJ denotes genomic T3928 14237-14240 NN denotes DNA T3930 14240-14242 : denotes : T3931 14242-14244 IN denotes of T3932 14245-14247 CD denotes 33 T3934 14248-14257 JJ denotes sequenced T3935 14257-14259 , denotes , T3936 14259-14265 JJ denotes cloned T3937 14266-14269 NN denotes PCR T3933 14270-14278 NNS denotes products T3938 14278-14280 , denotes , T3939 14280-14282 CD denotes 17 T3921 14283-14294 VBD denotes represented T3940 14295-14300 CD denotes seven T3942 14301-14310 JJ denotes different T3943 14311-14316 NN denotes class T3944 14317-14318 CD denotes I T3945 14319-14328 JJ denotes olfactory T3941 14329-14338 NNS denotes receptors T3946 14338-14340 , denotes , T3947 14340-14343 CD denotes six T3948 14344-14355 VBD denotes represented T3949 14356-14361 CD denotes three T3951 14362-14371 JJ denotes different T3952 14372-14377 NN denotes class T3953 14378-14380 CD denotes II T3954 14381-14390 JJ denotes olfactory T3950 14391-14400 NNS denotes receptors T3955 14400-14402 , denotes , T3956 14402-14405 CC denotes and T3957 14406-14409 CD denotes ten T3958 14410-14421 VBD denotes represented T3959 14422-14426 CD denotes five T3961 14427-14436 JJ denotes different T3962 14437-14450 JJ denotes non-olfactory T3963 14451-14459 NN denotes receptor T3960 14460-14472 NNS denotes contaminants T3964 14472-14473 . denotes . T3965 14473-14700 sentence denotes Degenerate PCR, cloning, and sequencing from reverse-transcribed olfactory epithelium RNA showed that at least seven class I olfactory receptors are expressed, as well as one additional class II gene (colored red in Figure 1). T3966 14474-14484 JJ denotes Degenerate T3967 14485-14488 NN denotes PCR T3969 14488-14490 , denotes , T3970 14490-14497 NN denotes cloning T3971 14497-14499 , denotes , T3972 14499-14502 CC denotes and T3973 14503-14513 NN denotes sequencing T3974 14514-14518 IN denotes from T3975 14519-14526 JJ denotes reverse T3977 14526-14527 HYPH denotes - T3976 14527-14538 VBN denotes transcribed T3979 14539-14548 JJ denotes olfactory T3980 14549-14559 NN denotes epithelium T3978 14560-14563 NN denotes RNA T3968 14564-14570 VBD denotes showed T3981 14571-14575 IN denotes that T3983 14576-14578 RB denotes at T3985 14579-14584 RBS denotes least T3984 14585-14590 CD denotes seven T3987 14591-14596 NN denotes class T3988 14597-14598 CD denotes I T3989 14599-14608 JJ denotes olfactory T3986 14609-14618 NNS denotes receptors T3990 14619-14622 VBP denotes are T3982 14623-14632 VBN denotes expressed T3991 14632-14634 , denotes , T3992 14634-14636 RB denotes as T3994 14637-14641 RB denotes well T3993 14642-14644 IN denotes as T3996 14645-14648 CD denotes one T3997 14649-14659 JJ denotes additional T3998 14660-14665 NN denotes class T3999 14666-14668 CD denotes II T3995 14669-14673 NN denotes gene T4000 14674-14675 -LRB- denotes ( T4001 14675-14682 VBN denotes colored T4002 14683-14686 JJ denotes red T4003 14687-14689 IN denotes in T4004 14690-14696 NN denotes Figure T4005 14697-14698 CD denotes 1 T4006 14698-14699 -RRB- denotes ) T4007 14699-14700 . denotes . T4008 14700-14915 sentence denotes However, no products could be obtained from the adult or the fetal olfactory epithelium cDNA libraries using the class I primer, suggesting that the libraries contain very low levels of class I olfactory receptors. T4009 14701-14708 RB denotes However T4011 14708-14710 , denotes , T4012 14710-14712 DT denotes no T4013 14713-14721 NNS denotes products T4014 14722-14727 MD denotes could T4015 14728-14730 VB denotes be T4010 14731-14739 VBN denotes obtained T4016 14740-14744 IN denotes from T4017 14745-14748 DT denotes the T4018 14749-14754 JJ denotes adult T4019 14755-14757 CC denotes or T4020 14758-14761 DT denotes the T4021 14762-14767 JJ denotes fetal T4023 14768-14777 JJ denotes olfactory T4024 14778-14788 NN denotes epithelium T4025 14789-14793 NN denotes cDNA T4022 14794-14803 NNS denotes libraries T4026 14804-14809 VBG denotes using T4027 14810-14813 DT denotes the T4029 14814-14819 NN denotes class T4030 14820-14821 CD denotes I T4028 14822-14828 NN denotes primer T4031 14828-14830 , denotes , T4032 14830-14840 VBG denotes suggesting T4033 14841-14845 IN denotes that T4035 14846-14849 DT denotes the T4036 14850-14859 NNS denotes libraries T4034 14860-14867 VBP denotes contain T4037 14868-14872 RB denotes very T4038 14873-14876 JJ denotes low T4039 14877-14883 NNS denotes levels T4040 14884-14886 IN denotes of T4041 14887-14892 NN denotes class T4043 14893-14894 CD denotes I T4044 14895-14904 JJ denotes olfactory T4042 14905-14914 NNS denotes receptors T4045 14914-14915 . denotes . T4046 14915-15199 sentence denotes We also confirmed expression of nine additional olfactory receptors (three class I and six class II, colored red in Figure 1) from subclades that were poorly represented in our cDNA screen using gene-specific primer pairs to amplify cDNA library or reverse-transcribed RNA templates. T4047 14916-14918 PRP denotes We T4049 14919-14923 RB denotes also T4048 14924-14933 VBD denotes confirmed T4050 14934-14944 NN denotes expression T4051 14945-14947 IN denotes of T4052 14948-14952 CD denotes nine T4054 14953-14963 JJ denotes additional T4055 14964-14973 JJ denotes olfactory T4053 14974-14983 NNS denotes receptors T4056 14984-14985 -LRB- denotes ( T4057 14985-14990 CD denotes three T4058 14991-14996 NN denotes class T4059 14997-14998 CD denotes I T4060 14999-15002 CC denotes and T4061 15003-15006 CD denotes six T4062 15007-15012 NN denotes class T4063 15013-15015 CD denotes II T4064 15015-15017 , denotes , T4065 15017-15024 VBN denotes colored T4066 15025-15028 JJ denotes red T4067 15029-15031 IN denotes in T4068 15032-15038 NN denotes Figure T4069 15039-15040 CD denotes 1 T4070 15040-15041 -RRB- denotes ) T4071 15042-15046 IN denotes from T4072 15047-15056 NNS denotes subclades T4073 15057-15061 WDT denotes that T4075 15062-15066 VBD denotes were T4076 15067-15073 RB denotes poorly T4074 15074-15085 VBN denotes represented T4077 15086-15088 IN denotes in T4078 15089-15092 PRP$ denotes our T4080 15093-15097 NN denotes cDNA T4079 15098-15104 NN denotes screen T4081 15105-15110 VBG denotes using T4082 15111-15115 NN denotes gene T4084 15115-15116 HYPH denotes - T4083 15116-15124 JJ denotes specific T4086 15125-15131 NN denotes primer T4085 15132-15137 NNS denotes pairs T4087 15138-15140 TO denotes to T4088 15141-15148 VB denotes amplify T4089 15149-15153 NN denotes cDNA T4090 15154-15161 NN denotes library T4091 15162-15164 CC denotes or T4092 15165-15172 JJ denotes reverse T4094 15172-15173 HYPH denotes - T4093 15173-15184 VBN denotes transcribed T4096 15185-15188 NN denotes RNA T4095 15189-15198 NNS denotes templates T4097 15198-15199 . denotes . T4098 15199-15338 sentence denotes " For two of the class I genes we had shown to be expressed, we determined relative transcript levels using quantitative RT-PCR (see below)." T4099 15200-15203 IN denotes For T4101 15204-15207 CD denotes two T4102 15208-15210 IN denotes of T4103 15211-15214 DT denotes the T4105 15215-15220 NN denotes class T4106 15221-15222 CD denotes I T4104 15223-15228 NNS denotes genes T4107 15229-15231 PRP denotes we T4109 15232-15235 VBD denotes had T4108 15236-15241 VBN denotes shown T4110 15242-15244 TO denotes to T4112 15245-15247 VB denotes be T4111 15248-15257 VBN denotes expressed T4113 15257-15259 , denotes , T4114 15259-15261 PRP denotes we T4100 15262-15272 VBD denotes determined T4115 15273-15281 JJ denotes relative T4117 15282-15292 NN denotes transcript T4116 15293-15299 NNS denotes levels T4118 15300-15305 VBG denotes using T4119 15306-15318 JJ denotes quantitative T4121 15319-15321 NN denotes RT T4122 15321-15322 HYPH denotes - T4120 15322-15325 NN denotes PCR T4123 15326-15327 -LRB- denotes ( T4124 15327-15330 VB denotes see T4125 15331-15336 RB denotes below T4126 15336-15337 -RRB- denotes ) T4127 15337-15338 . denotes . T4128 15338-15667 sentence denotes Expression levels were similar to those observed for genes that were represented in our cDNA collection, suggesting that class I olfactory receptors are not under-represented in the olfactory epithelium, and that the dearth of class I cDNAs in our screen is likely to be due to bias in the libraries and/or hybridization probes. T4129 15339-15349 NN denotes Expression T4130 15350-15356 NNS denotes levels T4131 15357-15361 VBD denotes were T4132 15362-15369 JJ denotes similar T4133 15370-15372 IN denotes to T4134 15373-15378 DT denotes those T4135 15379-15387 VBN denotes observed T4136 15388-15391 IN denotes for T4137 15392-15397 NNS denotes genes T4138 15398-15402 WDT denotes that T4140 15403-15407 VBD denotes were T4139 15408-15419 VBN denotes represented T4141 15420-15422 IN denotes in T4142 15423-15426 PRP$ denotes our T4144 15427-15431 NN denotes cDNA T4143 15432-15442 NN denotes collection T4145 15442-15444 , denotes , T4146 15444-15454 VBG denotes suggesting T4147 15455-15459 IN denotes that T4149 15460-15465 NN denotes class T4151 15466-15467 CD denotes I T4152 15468-15477 JJ denotes olfactory T4150 15478-15487 NNS denotes receptors T4153 15488-15491 VBP denotes are T4154 15492-15495 RB denotes not T4155 15496-15501 RB denotes under T4156 15501-15502 HYPH denotes - T4148 15502-15513 VBN denotes represented T4157 15514-15516 IN denotes in T4158 15517-15520 DT denotes the T4160 15521-15530 JJ denotes olfactory T4159 15531-15541 NN denotes epithelium T4161 15541-15543 , denotes , T4162 15543-15546 CC denotes and T4163 15547-15551 IN denotes that T4165 15552-15555 DT denotes the T4166 15556-15562 NN denotes dearth T4167 15563-15565 IN denotes of T4168 15566-15571 NN denotes class T4170 15572-15573 CD denotes I T4169 15574-15579 NNS denotes cDNAs T4171 15580-15582 IN denotes in T4172 15583-15586 PRP$ denotes our T4173 15587-15593 NN denotes screen T4164 15594-15596 VBZ denotes is T4174 15597-15603 JJ denotes likely T4175 15604-15606 TO denotes to T4176 15607-15609 VB denotes be T4177 15610-15613 IN denotes due T4178 15614-15616 IN denotes to T4179 15617-15621 NN denotes bias T4180 15622-15624 IN denotes in T4181 15625-15628 DT denotes the T4182 15629-15638 NNS denotes libraries T4183 15639-15642 CC denotes and T4184 15642-15643 HYPH denotes / T4185 15643-15645 CC denotes or T4186 15646-15659 NN denotes hybridization T4187 15660-15666 NNS denotes probes T4188 15666-15667 . denotes . T4620 15669-15673 DT denotes Some T4622 15674-15683 JJ denotes olfactory T4623 15684-15692 NN denotes receptor T4621 15693-15698 NNS denotes genes T4625 15699-15702 VBP denotes are T4624 15703-15712 VBN denotes expressed T4626 15713-15715 IN denotes at T4627 15716-15722 JJR denotes higher T4628 15723-15729 NNS denotes levels T4629 15730-15734 IN denotes than T4630 15735-15741 NNS denotes others T4631 15741-15845 sentence denotes " Our cDNA screen suggests that some olfactory receptor genes are expressed at higher levels than others." T4632 15742-15745 PRP$ denotes Our T4634 15746-15750 NN denotes cDNA T4633 15751-15757 NN denotes screen T4635 15758-15766 VBZ denotes suggests T4636 15767-15771 IN denotes that T4638 15772-15776 DT denotes some T4640 15777-15786 JJ denotes olfactory T4641 15787-15795 NN denotes receptor T4639 15796-15801 NNS denotes genes T4642 15802-15805 VBP denotes are T4637 15806-15815 VBN denotes expressed T4643 15816-15818 IN denotes at T4644 15819-15825 JJR denotes higher T4645 15826-15832 NNS denotes levels T4646 15833-15837 IN denotes than T4647 15838-15844 NNS denotes others T4648 15844-15845 . denotes . T4649 15845-16326 sentence denotes If all olfactory receptor genes were expressed at equal levels, and our screen and library were unbiased in their coverage of the class II olfactory receptors, the number of cDNAs detected per class II olfactory receptor should follow a Poisson distribution, calculated based on the assumption that all 983 intact class II olfactory receptors have an equal chance of being represented in the screen, but that class I olfactory receptors and pseudogenes cannot be found (Figure 2). T4650 15846-15848 IN denotes If T4652 15849-15852 DT denotes all T4654 15853-15862 JJ denotes olfactory T4655 15863-15871 NN denotes receptor T4653 15872-15877 NNS denotes genes T4656 15878-15882 VBD denotes were T4651 15883-15892 VBN denotes expressed T4658 15893-15895 IN denotes at T4659 15896-15901 JJ denotes equal T4660 15902-15908 NNS denotes levels T4661 15908-15910 , denotes , T4662 15910-15913 CC denotes and T4663 15914-15917 PRP$ denotes our T4664 15918-15924 NN denotes screen T4666 15925-15928 CC denotes and T4667 15929-15936 NN denotes library T4665 15937-15941 VBD denotes were T4668 15942-15950 JJ denotes unbiased T4669 15951-15953 IN denotes in T4670 15954-15959 PRP$ denotes their T4671 15960-15968 NN denotes coverage T4672 15969-15971 IN denotes of T4673 15972-15975 DT denotes the T4675 15976-15981 NN denotes class T4676 15982-15984 CD denotes II T4677 15985-15994 JJ denotes olfactory T4674 15995-16004 NNS denotes receptors T4678 16004-16006 , denotes , T4679 16006-16009 DT denotes the T4680 16010-16016 NN denotes number T4681 16017-16019 IN denotes of T4682 16020-16025 NNS denotes cDNAs T4683 16026-16034 VBN denotes detected T4684 16035-16038 IN denotes per T4685 16039-16044 NN denotes class T4687 16045-16047 CD denotes II T4688 16048-16057 JJ denotes olfactory T4686 16058-16066 NN denotes receptor T4689 16067-16073 MD denotes should T4657 16074-16080 VB denotes follow T4690 16081-16082 DT denotes a T4692 16083-16090 NNP denotes Poisson T4691 16091-16103 NN denotes distribution T4693 16103-16105 , denotes , T4694 16105-16115 VBN denotes calculated T4695 16116-16121 VBN denotes based T4696 16122-16124 IN denotes on T4697 16125-16128 DT denotes the T4698 16129-16139 NN denotes assumption T4699 16140-16144 IN denotes that T4701 16145-16148 DT denotes all T4703 16149-16152 CD denotes 983 T4704 16153-16159 JJ denotes intact T4705 16160-16165 NN denotes class T4706 16166-16168 CD denotes II T4707 16169-16178 JJ denotes olfactory T4702 16179-16188 NNS denotes receptors T4700 16189-16193 VBP denotes have T4708 16194-16196 DT denotes an T4710 16197-16202 JJ denotes equal T4709 16203-16209 NN denotes chance T4711 16210-16212 IN denotes of T4712 16213-16218 VBG denotes being T4713 16219-16230 VBN denotes represented T4714 16231-16233 IN denotes in T4715 16234-16237 DT denotes the T4716 16238-16244 NN denotes screen T4717 16244-16246 , denotes , T4718 16246-16249 CC denotes but T4719 16250-16254 IN denotes that T4721 16255-16260 NN denotes class T4723 16261-16262 CD denotes I T4724 16263-16272 JJ denotes olfactory T4722 16273-16282 NNS denotes receptors T4725 16283-16286 CC denotes and T4726 16287-16298 NNS denotes pseudogenes T4727 16299-16302 MD denotes can T4728 16302-16305 RB denotes not T4729 16306-16308 VB denotes be T4720 16309-16314 VBN denotes found T4730 16315-16316 -LRB- denotes ( T4731 16316-16322 NN denotes Figure T4732 16323-16324 CD denotes 2 T4733 16324-16325 -RRB- denotes ) T4734 16325-16326 . denotes . T4735 16326-16527 sentence denotes We calculate a low probability (approximately one in 28) that we would observe any gene with at least eight matching cDNAs in the set of 1,176 cDNAs we assigned to single olfactory receptor sequences. T4736 16327-16329 PRP denotes We T4737 16330-16339 VBP denotes calculate T4738 16340-16341 DT denotes a T4740 16342-16345 JJ denotes low T4739 16346-16357 NN denotes probability T4741 16358-16359 -LRB- denotes ( T4743 16359-16372 RB denotes approximately T4742 16373-16376 CD denotes one T4744 16377-16379 IN denotes in T4745 16380-16382 CD denotes 28 T4746 16382-16383 -RRB- denotes ) T4747 16384-16388 IN denotes that T4749 16389-16391 PRP denotes we T4750 16392-16397 MD denotes would T4748 16398-16405 VB denotes observe T4751 16406-16409 DT denotes any T4752 16410-16414 NN denotes gene T4753 16415-16419 IN denotes with T4754 16420-16422 RB denotes at T4756 16423-16428 RBS denotes least T4755 16429-16434 CD denotes eight T4758 16435-16443 VBG denotes matching T4757 16444-16449 NNS denotes cDNAs T4759 16450-16452 IN denotes in T4760 16453-16456 DT denotes the T4761 16457-16460 NN denotes set T4762 16461-16463 IN denotes of T4763 16464-16469 CD denotes 1,176 T4764 16470-16475 NNS denotes cDNAs T4765 16476-16478 PRP denotes we T4766 16479-16487 VBD denotes assigned T4767 16488-16490 IN denotes to T4768 16491-16497 JJ denotes single T4770 16498-16507 JJ denotes olfactory T4771 16508-16516 NN denotes receptor T4769 16517-16526 NNS denotes sequences T4772 16526-16527 . denotes . T4773 16527-16706 sentence denotes However, for 17 olfactory receptors, we found ten or more matching cDNAs, suggesting that they might be expressed at higher levels than other olfactory receptor genes (Figure 2). T4774 16528-16535 RB denotes However T4776 16535-16537 , denotes , T4777 16537-16540 IN denotes for T4778 16541-16543 CD denotes 17 T4780 16544-16553 JJ denotes olfactory T4779 16554-16563 NNS denotes receptors T4781 16563-16565 , denotes , T4782 16565-16567 PRP denotes we T4775 16568-16573 VBD denotes found T4783 16574-16577 CD denotes ten T4785 16578-16580 CC denotes or T4786 16581-16585 JJR denotes more T4787 16586-16594 NN denotes matching T4784 16595-16600 NNS denotes cDNAs T4788 16600-16602 , denotes , T4789 16602-16612 VBG denotes suggesting T4790 16613-16617 IN denotes that T4792 16618-16622 PRP denotes they T4793 16623-16628 MD denotes might T4794 16629-16631 VB denotes be T4791 16632-16641 VBN denotes expressed T4795 16642-16644 IN denotes at T4796 16645-16651 JJR denotes higher T4797 16652-16658 NNS denotes levels T4798 16659-16663 IN denotes than T4799 16664-16669 JJ denotes other T4801 16670-16679 JJ denotes olfactory T4802 16680-16688 NN denotes receptor T4800 16689-16694 NNS denotes genes T4803 16695-16696 -LRB- denotes ( T4804 16696-16702 NN denotes Figure T4805 16703-16704 CD denotes 2 T4806 16704-16705 -RRB- denotes ) T4807 16705-16706 . denotes . T4808 16706-16909 sentence denotes The two genes for which we found most cDNAs (AY318726/MOR28 and AY318727/MOR10) are genomically adjacent and in the well-studied olfactory receptor cluster next to the T-cell receptor α/δ locus [18,31]. T4809 16707-16710 DT denotes The T4811 16711-16714 CD denotes two T4810 16715-16720 NNS denotes genes T4813 16721-16724 IN denotes for T4815 16725-16730 WDT denotes which T4816 16731-16733 PRP denotes we T4814 16734-16739 VBD denotes found T4817 16740-16744 JJS denotes most T4818 16745-16750 NNS denotes cDNAs T4819 16751-16752 -LRB- denotes ( T4820 16752-16760 NN denotes AY318726 T4822 16760-16761 HYPH denotes / T4821 16761-16766 NN denotes MOR28 T4823 16767-16770 CC denotes and T4824 16771-16779 NN denotes AY318727 T4826 16779-16780 HYPH denotes / T4825 16780-16785 NN denotes MOR10 T4827 16785-16786 -RRB- denotes ) T4812 16787-16790 VBP denotes are T4828 16791-16802 RB denotes genomically T4829 16803-16811 JJ denotes adjacent T4830 16812-16815 CC denotes and T4831 16816-16818 IN denotes in T4832 16819-16822 DT denotes the T4834 16823-16827 RB denotes well T4836 16827-16828 HYPH denotes - T4835 16828-16835 VBN denotes studied T4837 16836-16845 JJ denotes olfactory T4838 16846-16854 NN denotes receptor T4833 16855-16862 NN denotes cluster T4839 16863-16867 JJ denotes next T4840 16868-16870 IN denotes to T4841 16871-16874 DT denotes the T4843 16875-16876 NN denotes T T4845 16876-16877 HYPH denotes - T4844 16877-16881 NN denotes cell T4846 16882-16890 NN denotes receptor T4847 16891-16892 NN denotes α T4849 16892-16893 HYPH denotes / T4848 16893-16894 NN denotes δ T4842 16895-16900 NN denotes locus T4850 16901-16902 -LRB- denotes [ T4852 16902-16904 CD denotes 18 T4853 16904-16905 , denotes , T4851 16905-16907 CD denotes 31 T4854 16907-16908 -RRB- denotes ] T4855 16908-16909 . denotes . T4856 16909-17031 sentence denotes " Quantitative RT-PCR of six olfactory receptors confirms that expression levels do indeed vary considerably between genes." T4857 16910-16922 JJ denotes Quantitative T4859 16923-16925 NN denotes RT T4860 16925-16926 HYPH denotes - T4858 16926-16929 NN denotes PCR T4862 16930-16932 IN denotes of T4863 16933-16936 CD denotes six T4865 16937-16946 JJ denotes olfactory T4864 16947-16956 NNS denotes receptors T4861 16957-16965 VBZ denotes confirms T4866 16966-16970 IN denotes that T4868 16971-16981 NN denotes expression T4869 16982-16988 NNS denotes levels T4870 16989-16991 VBP denotes do T4871 16992-16998 RB denotes indeed T4867 16999-17003 VB denotes vary T4872 17004-17016 RB denotes considerably T4873 17017-17024 IN denotes between T4874 17025-17030 NNS denotes genes T4875 17030-17031 . denotes . T4876 17031-17229 sentence denotes We used quantitative (real-time) PCR to measure olfactory epithelium transcript levels of six olfactory receptor genes and the ribosomal S16 gene in three mice of the same inbred strain (Figure 3). T4877 17032-17034 PRP denotes We T4878 17035-17039 VBD denotes used T4879 17040-17052 JJ denotes quantitative T4881 17053-17054 -LRB- denotes ( T4882 17054-17058 JJ denotes real T4884 17058-17059 HYPH denotes - T4883 17059-17063 NN denotes time T4885 17063-17064 -RRB- denotes ) T4880 17065-17068 NN denotes PCR T4886 17069-17071 TO denotes to T4887 17072-17079 VB denotes measure T4888 17080-17089 JJ denotes olfactory T4889 17090-17100 NN denotes epithelium T4891 17101-17111 NN denotes transcript T4890 17112-17118 NNS denotes levels T4892 17119-17121 IN denotes of T4893 17122-17125 CD denotes six T4895 17126-17135 JJ denotes olfactory T4896 17136-17144 NN denotes receptor T4894 17145-17150 NNS denotes genes T4897 17151-17154 CC denotes and T4898 17155-17158 DT denotes the T4900 17159-17168 JJ denotes ribosomal T4901 17169-17172 NN denotes S16 T4899 17173-17177 NN denotes gene T4902 17178-17180 IN denotes in T4903 17181-17186 CD denotes three T4904 17187-17191 NNS denotes mice T4905 17192-17194 IN denotes of T4906 17195-17198 DT denotes the T4908 17199-17203 JJ denotes same T4909 17204-17210 JJ denotes inbred T4907 17211-17217 NN denotes strain T4910 17218-17219 -LRB- denotes ( T4911 17219-17225 NN denotes Figure T4912 17226-17227 CD denotes 3 T4913 17227-17228 -RRB- denotes ) T4914 17228-17229 . denotes . T4915 17229-17402 sentence denotes These genes include two olfactory receptors with more than 20 matching cDNAs, two with one or two matching cDNAs and two class I olfactory receptors with no matching cDNAs. T4916 17230-17235 DT denotes These T4917 17236-17241 NNS denotes genes T4918 17242-17249 VBP denotes include T4919 17250-17253 CD denotes two T4921 17254-17263 JJ denotes olfactory T4920 17264-17273 NNS denotes receptors T4922 17274-17278 IN denotes with T4923 17279-17283 JJR denotes more T4925 17284-17288 IN denotes than T4924 17289-17291 CD denotes 20 T4927 17292-17300 JJ denotes matching T4926 17301-17306 NNS denotes cDNAs T4928 17306-17308 , denotes , T4929 17308-17311 CD denotes two T4930 17312-17316 IN denotes with T4931 17317-17320 CD denotes one T4933 17321-17323 CC denotes or T4934 17324-17327 CD denotes two T4935 17328-17336 JJ denotes matching T4932 17337-17342 NNS denotes cDNAs T4936 17343-17346 CC denotes and T4937 17347-17350 CD denotes two T4939 17351-17356 NN denotes class T4940 17357-17358 CD denotes I T4941 17359-17368 JJ denotes olfactory T4938 17369-17378 NNS denotes receptors T4942 17379-17383 IN denotes with T4943 17384-17386 DT denotes no T4945 17387-17395 JJ denotes matching T4944 17396-17401 NNS denotes cDNAs T4946 17401-17402 . denotes . T4947 17402-17629 sentence denotes In these assays, we measure transcript level per genomic copy of the gene by comparing how well a gene-specific primer pair amplifies reverse-transcribed RNA, relative to a standard curve of amplification of mouse genomic DNA. T4948 17403-17405 IN denotes In T4950 17406-17411 DT denotes these T4951 17412-17418 NNS denotes assays T4952 17418-17420 , denotes , T4953 17420-17422 PRP denotes we T4949 17423-17430 VBP denotes measure T4954 17431-17441 NN denotes transcript T4955 17442-17447 NN denotes level T4956 17448-17451 IN denotes per T4957 17452-17459 JJ denotes genomic T4958 17460-17464 NN denotes copy T4959 17465-17467 IN denotes of T4960 17468-17471 DT denotes the T4961 17472-17476 NN denotes gene T4962 17477-17479 IN denotes by T4963 17480-17489 VBG denotes comparing T4964 17490-17493 WRB denotes how T4965 17494-17498 RB denotes well T4967 17499-17500 DT denotes a T4969 17501-17505 NN denotes gene T4971 17505-17506 HYPH denotes - T4970 17506-17514 JJ denotes specific T4972 17515-17521 NN denotes primer T4968 17522-17526 NN denotes pair T4966 17527-17536 VBZ denotes amplifies T4973 17537-17544 JJ denotes reverse T4975 17544-17545 HYPH denotes - T4974 17545-17556 VBN denotes transcribed T4976 17557-17560 NN denotes RNA T4977 17560-17562 , denotes , T4978 17562-17570 JJ denotes relative T4979 17571-17573 IN denotes to T4980 17574-17575 DT denotes a T4982 17576-17584 JJ denotes standard T4981 17585-17590 NN denotes curve T4983 17591-17593 IN denotes of T4984 17594-17607 NN denotes amplification T4985 17608-17610 IN denotes of T4986 17611-17616 NN denotes mouse T4988 17617-17624 JJ denotes genomic T4987 17625-17628 NN denotes DNA T4989 17628-17629 . denotes . T4990 17629-17742 sentence denotes We find that expression levels can vary by almost 300-fold between genes (for example, genes A and D, Figure 3). T4991 17630-17632 PRP denotes We T4992 17633-17637 VBP denotes find T4993 17638-17642 IN denotes that T4995 17643-17653 NN denotes expression T4996 17654-17660 NNS denotes levels T4997 17661-17664 MD denotes can T4994 17665-17669 VB denotes vary T4998 17670-17672 IN denotes by T4999 17673-17679 RB denotes almost T5000 17680-17688 JJ denotes 300-fold T5001 17689-17696 IN denotes between T5002 17697-17702 NNS denotes genes T5003 17703-17704 -LRB- denotes ( T5005 17704-17707 IN denotes for T5006 17708-17715 NN denotes example T5007 17715-17717 , denotes , T5008 17717-17722 NNS denotes genes T5009 17723-17724 NN denotes A T5010 17725-17728 CC denotes and T5011 17729-17730 NN denotes D T5012 17730-17732 , denotes , T5004 17732-17738 NN denotes Figure T5013 17739-17740 CD denotes 3 T5014 17740-17741 -RRB- denotes ) T5015 17741-17742 . denotes . T5016 17742-18039 sentence denotes However, cDNA numbers are not a good indicator of expression level, a discrepancy that is likely to be due to bias in the screen (we used degenerate primers to make the probes, which will favor some genes over others) and in the libraries (oligo-dT priming will favor genes with shorter 3' UTRs). T5017 17743-17750 RB denotes However T5019 17750-17752 , denotes , T5020 17752-17756 NN denotes cDNA T5021 17757-17764 NNS denotes numbers T5018 17765-17768 VBP denotes are T5022 17769-17772 RB denotes not T5023 17773-17774 DT denotes a T5025 17775-17779 JJ denotes good T5024 17780-17789 NN denotes indicator T5026 17790-17792 IN denotes of T5027 17793-17803 NN denotes expression T5028 17804-17809 NN denotes level T5029 17809-17811 , denotes , T5030 17811-17812 DT denotes a T5031 17813-17824 NN denotes discrepancy T5032 17825-17829 WDT denotes that T5033 17830-17832 VBZ denotes is T5034 17833-17839 JJ denotes likely T5035 17840-17842 TO denotes to T5036 17843-17845 VB denotes be T5037 17846-17849 IN denotes due T5038 17850-17852 IN denotes to T5039 17853-17857 NN denotes bias T5040 17858-17860 IN denotes in T5041 17861-17864 DT denotes the T5042 17865-17871 NN denotes screen T5043 17872-17873 -LRB- denotes ( T5045 17873-17875 PRP denotes we T5044 17876-17880 VBD denotes used T5046 17881-17891 JJ denotes degenerate T5047 17892-17899 NNS denotes primers T5048 17900-17902 TO denotes to T5049 17903-17907 VB denotes make T5050 17908-17911 DT denotes the T5051 17912-17918 NNS denotes probes T5052 17918-17920 , denotes , T5053 17920-17925 WDT denotes which T5055 17926-17930 MD denotes will T5054 17931-17936 VB denotes favor T5056 17937-17941 DT denotes some T5057 17942-17947 NNS denotes genes T5058 17948-17952 IN denotes over T5059 17953-17959 NNS denotes others T5060 17959-17960 -RRB- denotes ) T5061 17961-17964 CC denotes and T5062 17965-17967 IN denotes in T5063 17968-17971 DT denotes the T5064 17972-17981 NNS denotes libraries T5065 17982-17983 -LRB- denotes ( T5067 17983-17988 NN denotes oligo T5069 17988-17989 HYPH denotes - T5068 17989-17991 NN denotes dT T5070 17992-17999 NN denotes priming T5071 18000-18004 MD denotes will T5066 18005-18010 VB denotes favor T5072 18011-18016 NNS denotes genes T5073 18017-18021 IN denotes with T5074 18022-18029 JJR denotes shorter T5076 18030-18031 CD denotes 3 T5077 18031-18032 SYM denotes ' T5075 18033-18037 NNS denotes UTRs T5078 18037-18038 -RRB- denotes ) T5079 18038-18039 . denotes . T5080 18039-18340 sentence denotes For example, we observe large expression differences in all three mice between two genes for which similar numbers of cDNAs were found (genes A and B, Figure 3), and conversely, similar expression levels between two genes with a ten-fold difference in number of cDNAs found (genes B and C, Figure 3). T5081 18040-18043 IN denotes For T5083 18044-18051 NN denotes example T5084 18051-18053 , denotes , T5085 18053-18055 PRP denotes we T5082 18056-18063 VBP denotes observe T5086 18064-18069 JJ denotes large T5088 18070-18080 NN denotes expression T5087 18081-18092 NNS denotes differences T5089 18093-18095 IN denotes in T5090 18096-18099 PDT denotes all T5092 18100-18105 CD denotes three T5091 18106-18110 NNS denotes mice T5093 18111-18118 IN denotes between T5094 18119-18122 CD denotes two T5095 18123-18128 NNS denotes genes T5096 18129-18132 IN denotes for T5098 18133-18138 WDT denotes which T5099 18139-18146 JJ denotes similar T5100 18147-18154 NNS denotes numbers T5101 18155-18157 IN denotes of T5102 18158-18163 NNS denotes cDNAs T5103 18164-18168 VBD denotes were T5097 18169-18174 VBN denotes found T5104 18175-18176 -LRB- denotes ( T5105 18176-18181 NNS denotes genes T5106 18182-18183 NN denotes A T5107 18184-18187 CC denotes and T5108 18188-18189 NN denotes B T5109 18189-18191 , denotes , T5110 18191-18197 NN denotes Figure T5111 18198-18199 CD denotes 3 T5112 18199-18200 -RRB- denotes ) T5113 18200-18202 , denotes , T5114 18202-18205 CC denotes and T5115 18206-18216 RB denotes conversely T5117 18216-18218 , denotes , T5118 18218-18225 JJ denotes similar T5119 18226-18236 NN denotes expression T5116 18237-18243 NNS denotes levels T5120 18244-18251 IN denotes between T5121 18252-18255 CD denotes two T5122 18256-18261 NNS denotes genes T5123 18262-18266 IN denotes with T5124 18267-18268 DT denotes a T5126 18269-18277 JJ denotes ten-fold T5125 18278-18288 NN denotes difference T5127 18289-18291 IN denotes in T5128 18292-18298 NN denotes number T5129 18299-18301 IN denotes of T5130 18302-18307 NNS denotes cDNAs T5131 18308-18313 VBN denotes found T5132 18314-18315 -LRB- denotes ( T5133 18315-18320 NNS denotes genes T5134 18321-18322 NN denotes B T5135 18323-18326 CC denotes and T5136 18327-18328 NN denotes C T5137 18328-18330 , denotes , T5138 18330-18336 NN denotes Figure T5139 18337-18338 CD denotes 3 T5140 18338-18339 -RRB- denotes ) T5141 18339-18340 . denotes . T5142 18340-18693 sentence denotes Expression levels are mostly consistent between different mice: we find similar expression-level differences between olfactory receptor genes in all three mice examined (that is, the rank order of the six genes is similar among the three mice), although there is variation in expression level of some genes between mice (for example, gene E, Figure 3). T5143 18341-18351 NN denotes Expression T5144 18352-18358 NNS denotes levels T5145 18359-18362 VBP denotes are T5147 18363-18369 RB denotes mostly T5148 18370-18380 JJ denotes consistent T5149 18381-18388 IN denotes between T5150 18389-18398 JJ denotes different T5151 18399-18403 NNS denotes mice T5152 18403-18405 : denotes : T5153 18405-18407 PRP denotes we T5146 18408-18412 VBP denotes find T5154 18413-18420 JJ denotes similar T5156 18421-18431 NN denotes expression T5158 18431-18432 HYPH denotes - T5157 18432-18437 NN denotes level T5155 18438-18449 NNS denotes differences T5159 18450-18457 IN denotes between T5160 18458-18467 JJ denotes olfactory T5161 18468-18476 NN denotes receptor T5162 18477-18482 NNS denotes genes T5163 18483-18485 IN denotes in T5164 18486-18489 DT denotes all T5166 18490-18495 CD denotes three T5165 18496-18500 NNS denotes mice T5167 18501-18509 VBN denotes examined T5168 18510-18511 -LRB- denotes ( T5170 18511-18515 RB denotes that T5171 18516-18518 RB denotes is T5172 18518-18520 , denotes , T5173 18520-18523 DT denotes the T5175 18524-18528 NN denotes rank T5174 18529-18534 NN denotes order T5176 18535-18537 IN denotes of T5177 18538-18541 DT denotes the T5179 18542-18545 CD denotes six T5178 18546-18551 NNS denotes genes T5169 18552-18554 VBZ denotes is T5180 18555-18562 JJ denotes similar T5181 18563-18568 IN denotes among T5182 18569-18572 DT denotes the T5184 18573-18578 CD denotes three T5183 18579-18583 NNS denotes mice T5185 18583-18584 -RRB- denotes ) T5186 18584-18586 , denotes , T5187 18586-18594 IN denotes although T5189 18595-18600 EX denotes there T5188 18601-18603 VBZ denotes is T5190 18604-18613 NN denotes variation T5191 18614-18616 IN denotes in T5192 18617-18627 NN denotes expression T5193 18628-18633 NN denotes level T5194 18634-18636 IN denotes of T5195 18637-18641 DT denotes some T5196 18642-18647 NNS denotes genes T5197 18648-18655 IN denotes between T5198 18656-18660 NNS denotes mice T5199 18661-18662 -LRB- denotes ( T5201 18662-18665 IN denotes for T5202 18666-18673 NN denotes example T5203 18673-18675 , denotes , T5204 18675-18679 NN denotes gene T5205 18680-18681 NN denotes E T5206 18681-18683 , denotes , T5200 18683-18689 NN denotes Figure T5207 18690-18691 CD denotes 3 T5208 18691-18692 -RRB- denotes ) T5209 18692-18693 . denotes . T5210 18693-18923 sentence denotes " In situ hybridization (Figure 4) shows that increased numbers of expressing cells account for some, but not all, of the difference in transcript levels between two of the genes tested by real-time PCR (genes A and D in Figure 3)." T5211 18694-18696 FW denotes In T5212 18697-18701 FW denotes situ T5213 18702-18715 NN denotes hybridization T5215 18716-18717 -LRB- denotes ( T5216 18717-18723 NN denotes Figure T5217 18724-18725 CD denotes 4 T5218 18725-18726 -RRB- denotes ) T5214 18727-18732 VBZ denotes shows T5219 18733-18737 IN denotes that T5221 18738-18747 VBN denotes increased T5222 18748-18755 NNS denotes numbers T5223 18756-18758 IN denotes of T5224 18759-18769 VBG denotes expressing T5225 18770-18775 NNS denotes cells T5220 18776-18783 VBP denotes account T5226 18784-18787 IN denotes for T5227 18788-18792 DT denotes some T5228 18792-18794 , denotes , T5229 18794-18797 CC denotes but T5230 18798-18801 RB denotes not T5231 18802-18805 DT denotes all T5232 18805-18807 , denotes , T5233 18807-18809 IN denotes of T5234 18810-18813 DT denotes the T5235 18814-18824 NN denotes difference T5236 18825-18827 IN denotes in T5237 18828-18838 NN denotes transcript T5238 18839-18845 NNS denotes levels T5239 18846-18853 IN denotes between T5240 18854-18857 CD denotes two T5241 18858-18860 IN denotes of T5242 18861-18864 DT denotes the T5243 18865-18870 NNS denotes genes T5244 18871-18877 VBN denotes tested T5245 18878-18880 IN denotes by T5246 18881-18885 JJ denotes real T5248 18885-18886 HYPH denotes - T5247 18886-18890 NN denotes time T5249 18891-18894 NN denotes PCR T5250 18895-18896 -LRB- denotes ( T5251 18896-18901 NNS denotes genes T5252 18902-18903 NN denotes A T5253 18904-18907 CC denotes and T5254 18908-18909 NN denotes D T5255 18910-18912 IN denotes in T5256 18913-18919 NN denotes Figure T5257 18920-18921 CD denotes 3 T5258 18921-18922 -RRB- denotes ) T5259 18922-18923 . denotes . T5260 18923-19068 sentence denotes We hybridized alternate coronal serial sections spanning an entire olfactory epithelium of a young mouse (P6) with probes for gene A and gene D. T5261 18924-18926 PRP denotes We T5262 18927-18937 VBD denotes hybridized T5263 18938-18947 JJ denotes alternate T5265 18948-18955 JJ denotes coronal T5266 18956-18962 JJ denotes serial T5264 18963-18971 NNS denotes sections T5267 18972-18980 VBG denotes spanning T5268 18981-18983 DT denotes an T5270 18984-18990 JJ denotes entire T5271 18991-19000 JJ denotes olfactory T5269 19001-19011 NN denotes epithelium T5272 19012-19014 IN denotes of T5273 19015-19016 DT denotes a T5275 19017-19022 JJ denotes young T5274 19023-19028 NN denotes mouse T5276 19029-19030 -LRB- denotes ( T5277 19030-19032 NN denotes P6 T5278 19032-19033 -RRB- denotes ) T5279 19034-19038 IN denotes with T5280 19039-19045 NNS denotes probes T5281 19046-19049 IN denotes for T5282 19050-19054 NN denotes gene T5283 19055-19056 NN denotes A T5284 19057-19060 CC denotes and T5285 19061-19065 NN denotes gene T5286 19066-19067 NN denotes D T5287 19067-19068 . denotes . T5288 19068-19205 sentence denotes Southern blot and BLAST analyses show that both probes are likely to hybridize to their intended target genes and no others (not shown). T5289 19069-19077 NNP denotes Southern T5290 19078-19082 NN denotes blot T5292 19083-19086 CC denotes and T5293 19087-19092 NN denotes BLAST T5291 19093-19101 NNS denotes analyses T5294 19102-19106 VBP denotes show T5295 19107-19111 IN denotes that T5297 19112-19116 DT denotes both T5298 19117-19123 NNS denotes probes T5296 19124-19127 VBP denotes are T5299 19128-19134 JJ denotes likely T5300 19135-19137 TO denotes to T5301 19138-19147 VB denotes hybridize T5302 19148-19150 IN denotes to T5303 19151-19156 PRP$ denotes their T5305 19157-19165 VBN denotes intended T5306 19166-19172 NN denotes target T5304 19173-19178 NNS denotes genes T5307 19179-19182 CC denotes and T5308 19183-19185 DT denotes no T5309 19186-19192 NNS denotes others T5310 19193-19194 -LRB- denotes ( T5312 19194-19197 RB denotes not T5311 19198-19203 VBN denotes shown T5313 19203-19204 -RRB- denotes ) T5314 19204-19205 . denotes . T5315 19205-19320 sentence denotes Gene A is expressed in zone 4 of the epithelium according to the nomenclature of Sullivan et al. [32] (Figure 4a). T5316 19206-19210 NN denotes Gene T5317 19211-19212 NN denotes A T5319 19213-19215 VBZ denotes is T5318 19216-19225 VBN denotes expressed T5320 19226-19228 IN denotes in T5321 19229-19233 NN denotes zone T5322 19234-19235 CD denotes 4 T5323 19236-19238 IN denotes of T5324 19239-19242 DT denotes the T5325 19243-19253 NN denotes epithelium T5326 19254-19263 VBG denotes according T5327 19264-19266 IN denotes to T5328 19267-19270 DT denotes the T5329 19271-19283 NN denotes nomenclature T5330 19284-19286 IN denotes of T5331 19287-19295 NNP denotes Sullivan T5332 19296-19298 FW denotes et T5333 19299-19302 FW denotes al. T5334 19303-19304 -LRB- denotes [ T5335 19304-19306 CD denotes 32 T5336 19306-19307 -RRB- denotes ] T5337 19308-19309 -LRB- denotes ( T5338 19309-19315 NN denotes Figure T5339 19316-19318 CD denotes 4a T5340 19318-19319 -RRB- denotes ) T5341 19319-19320 . denotes . T5342 19320-19652 sentence denotes The expression pattern of gene D does not correspond to any of the four 'classical' olfactory epithelial zones [14,15,32]: positive cells are found in regions of endoturbinates II and III and ectoturbinate 3, resembling the expression pattern seen previously for the OR37 subfamily and ORZ6 olfactory receptors [33,34] (Figure 4b). T5343 19321-19324 DT denotes The T5345 19325-19335 NN denotes expression T5344 19336-19343 NN denotes pattern T5347 19344-19346 IN denotes of T5348 19347-19351 NN denotes gene T5349 19352-19353 NN denotes D T5350 19354-19358 VBZ denotes does T5351 19359-19362 RB denotes not T5346 19363-19373 VB denotes correspond T5353 19374-19376 IN denotes to T5354 19377-19380 DT denotes any T5355 19381-19383 IN denotes of T5356 19384-19387 DT denotes the T5358 19388-19392 CD denotes four T5359 19393-19394 `` denotes ' T5360 19394-19403 JJ denotes classical T5361 19403-19404 '' denotes ' T5362 19405-19414 JJ denotes olfactory T5363 19415-19425 JJ denotes epithelial T5357 19426-19431 NNS denotes zones T5364 19432-19433 -LRB- denotes [ T5366 19433-19435 CD denotes 14 T5367 19435-19436 , denotes , T5368 19436-19438 CD denotes 15 T5369 19438-19439 , denotes , T5365 19439-19441 CD denotes 32 T5370 19441-19442 -RRB- denotes ] T5371 19442-19444 : denotes : T5372 19444-19452 JJ denotes positive T5373 19453-19458 NNS denotes cells T5374 19459-19462 VBP denotes are T5352 19463-19468 VBN denotes found T5375 19469-19471 IN denotes in T5376 19472-19479 NNS denotes regions T5377 19480-19482 IN denotes of T5378 19483-19497 NNS denotes endoturbinates T5379 19498-19500 CD denotes II T5380 19501-19504 CC denotes and T5381 19505-19508 CD denotes III T5382 19509-19512 CC denotes and T5383 19513-19526 NN denotes ectoturbinate T5384 19527-19528 CD denotes 3 T5385 19528-19530 , denotes , T5386 19530-19540 VBG denotes resembling T5387 19541-19544 DT denotes the T5389 19545-19555 NN denotes expression T5388 19556-19563 NN denotes pattern T5390 19564-19568 VBN denotes seen T5391 19569-19579 RB denotes previously T5392 19580-19583 IN denotes for T5393 19584-19587 DT denotes the T5395 19588-19592 NN denotes OR37 T5394 19593-19602 NN denotes subfamily T5396 19603-19606 CC denotes and T5397 19607-19611 NN denotes ORZ6 T5399 19612-19621 JJ denotes olfactory T5398 19622-19631 NNS denotes receptors T5400 19632-19633 -LRB- denotes [ T5402 19633-19635 CD denotes 33 T5403 19635-19636 , denotes , T5401 19636-19638 CD denotes 34 T5404 19638-19639 -RRB- denotes ] T5405 19640-19641 -LRB- denotes ( T5406 19641-19647 NN denotes Figure T5407 19648-19650 CD denotes 4b T5408 19650-19651 -RRB- denotes ) T5409 19651-19652 . denotes . T5410 19652-19880 sentence denotes Counting the total number of positive cells in alternate sections across the entire epithelium, we find that gene A is expressed in 2,905 cells, about 12 times more cells than gene D, which is expressed in a total of 249 cells. T5411 19653-19661 VBG denotes Counting T5413 19662-19665 DT denotes the T5415 19666-19671 JJ denotes total T5414 19672-19678 NN denotes number T5416 19679-19681 IN denotes of T5417 19682-19690 JJ denotes positive T5418 19691-19696 NNS denotes cells T5419 19697-19699 IN denotes in T5420 19700-19709 JJ denotes alternate T5421 19710-19718 NNS denotes sections T5422 19719-19725 IN denotes across T5423 19726-19729 DT denotes the T5425 19730-19736 JJ denotes entire T5424 19737-19747 NN denotes epithelium T5426 19747-19749 , denotes , T5427 19749-19751 PRP denotes we T5412 19752-19756 VBP denotes find T5428 19757-19761 IN denotes that T5430 19762-19766 NN denotes gene T5431 19767-19768 NN denotes A T5432 19769-19771 VBZ denotes is T5429 19772-19781 VBN denotes expressed T5433 19782-19784 IN denotes in T5434 19785-19790 CD denotes 2,905 T5435 19791-19796 NNS denotes cells T5436 19796-19798 , denotes , T5437 19798-19803 RB denotes about T5438 19804-19806 CD denotes 12 T5440 19807-19812 NNS denotes times T5441 19813-19817 JJR denotes more T5439 19818-19823 NNS denotes cells T5442 19824-19828 IN denotes than T5443 19829-19833 NN denotes gene T5444 19834-19835 NN denotes D T5445 19835-19837 , denotes , T5446 19837-19842 WDT denotes which T5448 19843-19845 VBZ denotes is T5447 19846-19855 VBN denotes expressed T5449 19856-19858 IN denotes in T5450 19859-19860 DT denotes a T5451 19861-19866 NN denotes total T5452 19867-19869 IN denotes of T5453 19870-19873 CD denotes 249 T5454 19874-19879 NNS denotes cells T5455 19879-19880 . denotes . T5456 19880-20177 sentence denotes This 12-fold difference in numbers of expressing cells does not account for the almost 300-fold difference in RNA levels observed by real-time PCR, implying that the transcript level per expressing cell for gene A is about 25 times higher than transcript level in each expressing cell for gene D. T5457 19881-19885 DT denotes This T5459 19886-19893 JJ denotes 12-fold T5458 19894-19904 NN denotes difference T5461 19905-19907 IN denotes in T5462 19908-19915 NNS denotes numbers T5463 19916-19918 IN denotes of T5464 19919-19929 VBG denotes expressing T5465 19930-19935 NNS denotes cells T5466 19936-19940 VBZ denotes does T5467 19941-19944 RB denotes not T5460 19945-19952 VB denotes account T5468 19953-19956 IN denotes for T5469 19957-19960 DT denotes the T5471 19961-19967 RB denotes almost T5472 19968-19976 JJ denotes 300-fold T5470 19977-19987 NN denotes difference T5473 19988-19990 IN denotes in T5474 19991-19994 NN denotes RNA T5475 19995-20001 NNS denotes levels T5476 20002-20010 VBN denotes observed T5477 20011-20013 IN denotes by T5478 20014-20018 JJ denotes real T5480 20018-20019 HYPH denotes - T5479 20019-20023 NN denotes time T5481 20024-20027 NN denotes PCR T5482 20027-20029 , denotes , T5483 20029-20037 VBG denotes implying T5484 20038-20042 IN denotes that T5486 20043-20046 DT denotes the T5488 20047-20057 NN denotes transcript T5487 20058-20063 NN denotes level T5489 20064-20067 IN denotes per T5490 20068-20078 VBG denotes expressing T5491 20079-20083 NN denotes cell T5492 20084-20087 IN denotes for T5493 20088-20092 NN denotes gene T5494 20093-20094 NN denotes A T5485 20095-20097 VBZ denotes is T5495 20098-20103 IN denotes about T5496 20104-20106 CD denotes 25 T5498 20107-20112 NNS denotes times T5497 20113-20119 JJR denotes higher T5499 20120-20124 IN denotes than T5500 20125-20135 NN denotes transcript T5501 20136-20141 NN denotes level T5502 20142-20144 IN denotes in T5503 20145-20149 DT denotes each T5505 20150-20160 VBG denotes expressing T5504 20161-20165 NN denotes cell T5506 20166-20169 IN denotes for T5507 20170-20174 NN denotes gene T5508 20175-20176 NN denotes D T5509 20176-20177 . denotes . T5510 20177-20380 sentence denotes We note that hybridization intensities per positive neuron appear stronger for gene A than gene D after comparable exposure times, in accordance with the idea that transcript levels are higher per cell. T5511 20178-20180 PRP denotes We T5512 20181-20185 VBP denotes note T5513 20186-20190 IN denotes that T5515 20191-20204 NN denotes hybridization T5516 20205-20216 NNS denotes intensities T5517 20217-20220 IN denotes per T5518 20221-20229 JJ denotes positive T5519 20230-20236 NN denotes neuron T5514 20237-20243 VBP denotes appear T5520 20244-20252 JJR denotes stronger T5521 20253-20256 IN denotes for T5522 20257-20261 NN denotes gene T5523 20262-20263 NN denotes A T5524 20264-20268 IN denotes than T5525 20269-20273 NN denotes gene T5526 20274-20275 NN denotes D T5527 20276-20281 IN denotes after T5528 20282-20292 JJ denotes comparable T5530 20293-20301 NN denotes exposure T5529 20302-20307 NNS denotes times T5531 20307-20309 , denotes , T5532 20309-20311 IN denotes in T5533 20312-20322 NN denotes accordance T5534 20323-20327 IN denotes with T5535 20328-20331 DT denotes the T5536 20332-20336 NN denotes idea T5537 20337-20341 IN denotes that T5539 20342-20352 NN denotes transcript T5540 20353-20359 NNS denotes levels T5538 20360-20363 VBP denotes are T5541 20364-20370 JJR denotes higher T5542 20371-20374 IN denotes per T5543 20375-20379 NN denotes cell T5544 20379-20380 . denotes . T5545 20380-20578 sentence denotes Thus, we suggest that expression in more cells and in higher levels per cell together account for the almost 300-fold higher olfactory epithelial RNA levels of gene A relative to gene D (Figure 3). T5546 20381-20385 RB denotes Thus T5548 20385-20387 , denotes , T5549 20387-20389 PRP denotes we T5547 20390-20397 VBP denotes suggest T5550 20398-20402 IN denotes that T5552 20403-20413 NN denotes expression T5553 20414-20416 IN denotes in T5554 20417-20421 JJR denotes more T5555 20422-20427 NNS denotes cells T5556 20428-20431 CC denotes and T5557 20432-20434 IN denotes in T5558 20435-20441 JJR denotes higher T5559 20442-20448 NNS denotes levels T5560 20449-20452 IN denotes per T5561 20453-20457 NN denotes cell T5562 20458-20466 RB denotes together T5551 20467-20474 VBP denotes account T5563 20475-20478 IN denotes for T5564 20479-20482 DT denotes the T5566 20483-20489 RB denotes almost T5567 20490-20498 JJ denotes 300-fold T5568 20499-20505 JJR denotes higher T5569 20506-20515 JJ denotes olfactory T5571 20516-20526 JJ denotes epithelial T5570 20527-20530 NN denotes RNA T5565 20531-20537 NNS denotes levels T5572 20538-20540 IN denotes of T5573 20541-20545 NN denotes gene T5574 20546-20547 NN denotes A T5575 20548-20556 JJ denotes relative T5576 20557-20559 IN denotes to T5577 20560-20564 NN denotes gene T5578 20565-20566 NN denotes D T5579 20567-20568 -LRB- denotes ( T5580 20568-20574 NN denotes Figure T5581 20575-20576 CD denotes 3 T5582 20576-20577 -RRB- denotes ) T5583 20577-20578 . denotes . T5714 20580-20584 RBS denotes Most T5716 20585-20594 JJ denotes olfactory T5717 20595-20603 NN denotes receptor T5715 20604-20609 NNS denotes genes T5718 20610-20614 VBP denotes have T5719 20615-20622 JJ denotes several T5721 20623-20638 JJ denotes transcriptional T5720 20639-20647 NNS denotes isoforms T5722 20647-20793 sentence denotes " Our cDNA collection reveals that at least two thirds of the olfactory receptors sampled show alternative splicing of their 5' untranslated exons." T5723 20648-20651 PRP$ denotes Our T5725 20652-20656 NN denotes cDNA T5724 20657-20667 NN denotes collection T5726 20668-20675 VBZ denotes reveals T5727 20676-20680 IN denotes that T5729 20681-20683 RB denotes at T5731 20684-20689 RBS denotes least T5730 20690-20693 CD denotes two T5732 20694-20700 NNS denotes thirds T5733 20701-20703 IN denotes of T5734 20704-20707 DT denotes the T5736 20708-20717 JJ denotes olfactory T5735 20718-20727 NNS denotes receptors T5737 20728-20735 VBN denotes sampled T5728 20736-20740 VBP denotes show T5738 20741-20752 JJ denotes alternative T5739 20753-20761 NN denotes splicing T5740 20762-20764 IN denotes of T5741 20765-20770 PRP$ denotes their T5743 20771-20772 CD denotes 5 T5744 20772-20773 SYM denotes ' T5745 20774-20786 JJ denotes untranslated T5742 20787-20792 NNS denotes exons T5746 20792-20793 . denotes . T5747 20793-21226 sentence denotes Using a custom script to process sim4 alignments of cDNA and genomic sequences, we find two to eight different splice forms for 85 (45%) of the 191 genes for which we have had some opportunity to observe alternate splicing (that is, a minimum of two cDNAs, at least one of which is spliced), and 55 (67%) of the 82 genes for which we have four or more cDNAs (and thus a higher chance of observing any alternate splicing) (Figure 5). T5748 20794-20799 VBG denotes Using T5750 20800-20801 DT denotes a T5752 20802-20808 NN denotes custom T5751 20809-20815 NN denotes script T5753 20816-20818 TO denotes to T5754 20819-20826 VB denotes process T5755 20827-20831 NN denotes sim4 T5756 20832-20842 NNS denotes alignments T5757 20843-20845 IN denotes of T5758 20846-20850 NN denotes cDNA T5760 20851-20854 CC denotes and T5761 20855-20862 JJ denotes genomic T5759 20863-20872 NNS denotes sequences T5762 20872-20874 , denotes , T5763 20874-20876 PRP denotes we T5749 20877-20881 VBP denotes find T5764 20882-20885 CD denotes two T5766 20886-20888 IN denotes to T5765 20889-20894 CD denotes eight T5768 20895-20904 JJ denotes different T5769 20905-20911 NN denotes splice T5767 20912-20917 NNS denotes forms T5770 20918-20921 IN denotes for T5771 20922-20924 CD denotes 85 T5772 20925-20926 -LRB- denotes ( T5773 20926-20928 CD denotes 45 T5774 20928-20929 NN denotes % T5775 20929-20930 -RRB- denotes ) T5776 20931-20933 IN denotes of T5777 20934-20937 DT denotes the T5779 20938-20941 CD denotes 191 T5778 20942-20947 NNS denotes genes T5780 20948-20951 IN denotes for T5782 20952-20957 WDT denotes which T5783 20958-20960 PRP denotes we T5784 20961-20965 VBP denotes have T5781 20966-20969 VBN denotes had T5785 20970-20974 DT denotes some T5786 20975-20986 NN denotes opportunity T5787 20987-20989 TO denotes to T5788 20990-20997 VB denotes observe T5789 20998-21007 JJ denotes alternate T5790 21008-21016 NN denotes splicing T5791 21017-21018 -LRB- denotes ( T5793 21018-21022 RB denotes that T5794 21023-21025 RB denotes is T5795 21025-21027 , denotes , T5796 21027-21028 DT denotes a T5792 21029-21036 NN denotes minimum T5797 21037-21039 IN denotes of T5798 21040-21043 CD denotes two T5799 21044-21049 NNS denotes cDNAs T5800 21049-21051 , denotes , T5801 21051-21053 RB denotes at T5802 21054-21059 RBS denotes least T5803 21060-21063 CD denotes one T5805 21064-21066 IN denotes of T5806 21067-21072 WDT denotes which T5807 21073-21075 VBZ denotes is T5804 21076-21083 VBN denotes spliced T5808 21083-21084 -RRB- denotes ) T5809 21084-21086 , denotes , T5810 21086-21089 CC denotes and T5811 21090-21092 CD denotes 55 T5812 21093-21094 -LRB- denotes ( T5814 21094-21096 CD denotes 67 T5813 21096-21097 NN denotes % T5815 21097-21098 -RRB- denotes ) T5816 21099-21101 IN denotes of T5817 21102-21105 DT denotes the T5819 21106-21108 CD denotes 82 T5818 21109-21114 NNS denotes genes T5820 21115-21118 IN denotes for T5822 21119-21124 WDT denotes which T5823 21125-21127 PRP denotes we T5821 21128-21132 VBP denotes have T5824 21133-21137 CD denotes four T5826 21138-21140 CC denotes or T5827 21141-21145 JJR denotes more T5825 21146-21151 NNS denotes cDNAs T5828 21152-21153 -LRB- denotes ( T5829 21153-21156 CC denotes and T5830 21157-21161 RB denotes thus T5832 21162-21163 DT denotes a T5833 21164-21170 JJR denotes higher T5831 21171-21177 NN denotes chance T5834 21178-21180 IN denotes of T5835 21181-21190 VBG denotes observing T5836 21191-21194 DT denotes any T5838 21195-21204 JJ denotes alternate T5837 21205-21213 NN denotes splicing T5839 21213-21214 -RRB- denotes ) T5840 21215-21216 -LRB- denotes ( T5841 21216-21222 NN denotes Figure T5842 21223-21224 CD denotes 5 T5843 21224-21225 -RRB- denotes ) T5844 21225-21226 . denotes . T5845 21226-21370 sentence denotes These alternative splice events are almost all restricted to the 5' UTR and include exon skipping and alternate splice-donor and -acceptor use. T5846 21227-21232 DT denotes These T5848 21233-21244 JJ denotes alternative T5849 21245-21251 NN denotes splice T5847 21252-21258 NNS denotes events T5851 21259-21262 VBP denotes are T5852 21263-21269 RB denotes almost T5853 21270-21273 RB denotes all T5850 21274-21284 VBN denotes restricted T5854 21285-21287 IN denotes to T5855 21288-21291 DT denotes the T5857 21292-21293 CD denotes 5 T5858 21293-21294 SYM denotes ' T5856 21295-21298 NN denotes UTR T5859 21299-21302 CC denotes and T5860 21303-21310 VBP denotes include T5861 21311-21315 NN denotes exon T5862 21316-21324 NN denotes skipping T5863 21325-21328 CC denotes and T5864 21329-21338 JJ denotes alternate T5865 21339-21345 NN denotes splice T5867 21345-21346 HYPH denotes - T5868 21346-21351 NN denotes donor T5869 21352-21355 CC denotes and T5870 21356-21357 HYPH denotes - T5871 21357-21365 NN denotes acceptor T5866 21366-21369 NN denotes use T5872 21369-21370 . denotes . T5873 21370-21532 sentence denotes " At least half of the olfactory receptors represented in our cDNA collection utilize more than one polyadenylation site, resulting in alternative 3' UTR isoforms." T5874 21371-21373 RB denotes At T5875 21374-21379 RBS denotes least T5876 21380-21384 NN denotes half T5878 21385-21387 IN denotes of T5879 21388-21391 DT denotes the T5881 21392-21401 JJ denotes olfactory T5880 21402-21411 NNS denotes receptors T5882 21412-21423 VBN denotes represented T5883 21424-21426 IN denotes in T5884 21427-21430 PRP$ denotes our T5886 21431-21435 NN denotes cDNA T5885 21436-21446 NN denotes collection T5877 21447-21454 VBP denotes utilize T5887 21455-21459 JJR denotes more T5889 21460-21464 IN denotes than T5888 21465-21468 CD denotes one T5891 21469-21484 NN denotes polyadenylation T5890 21485-21489 NN denotes site T5892 21489-21491 , denotes , T5893 21491-21500 VBG denotes resulting T5894 21501-21503 IN denotes in T5895 21504-21515 JJ denotes alternative T5897 21516-21517 CD denotes 3 T5899 21517-21518 SYM denotes ' T5898 21519-21522 NN denotes UTR T5896 21523-21531 NNS denotes isoforms T5900 21531-21532 . denotes . T5901 21532-21664 sentence denotes We have crudely estimated 3' UTR size for 1,169 cDNA clones by combining approximate insert size information with 5' sequence data. T5902 21533-21535 PRP denotes We T5904 21536-21540 VBP denotes have T5905 21541-21548 RB denotes crudely T5903 21549-21558 VBN denotes estimated T5906 21559-21560 CD denotes 3 T5908 21560-21561 SYM denotes ' T5907 21562-21565 NN denotes UTR T5909 21566-21570 NN denotes size T5910 21571-21574 IN denotes for T5911 21575-21580 CD denotes 1,169 T5913 21581-21585 NN denotes cDNA T5912 21586-21592 NNS denotes clones T5914 21593-21595 IN denotes by T5915 21596-21605 VBG denotes combining T5916 21606-21617 JJ denotes approximate T5918 21618-21624 NN denotes insert T5917 21625-21629 NN denotes size T5919 21630-21641 NN denotes information T5920 21642-21646 IN denotes with T5921 21647-21648 CD denotes 5 T5923 21648-21649 SYM denotes ' T5922 21650-21658 NN denotes sequence T5924 21659-21663 NNS denotes data T5925 21663-21664 . denotes . T5926 21664-21805 sentence denotes More than one 3' UTR isoform is predicted for 43 of the 77 (56%) genes for which there are at least four cDNAs with 3' UTR size information. T5927 21665-21669 JJR denotes More T5929 21670-21674 IN denotes than T5928 21675-21678 CD denotes one T5931 21679-21680 CD denotes 3 T5933 21680-21681 SYM denotes ' T5932 21682-21685 NN denotes UTR T5930 21686-21693 NN denotes isoform T5935 21694-21696 VBZ denotes is T5934 21697-21706 VBN denotes predicted T5936 21707-21710 IN denotes for T5937 21711-21713 CD denotes 43 T5939 21714-21716 IN denotes of T5940 21717-21720 DT denotes the T5938 21721-21723 CD denotes 77 T5942 21724-21725 -LRB- denotes ( T5944 21725-21727 CD denotes 56 T5943 21727-21728 NN denotes % T5945 21728-21729 -RRB- denotes ) T5941 21730-21735 NNS denotes genes T5946 21736-21739 IN denotes for T5948 21740-21745 WDT denotes which T5949 21746-21751 EX denotes there T5947 21752-21755 VBP denotes are T5950 21756-21758 RB denotes at T5952 21759-21764 RBS denotes least T5951 21765-21769 CD denotes four T5953 21770-21775 NNS denotes cDNAs T5954 21776-21780 IN denotes with T5955 21781-21782 CD denotes 3 T5957 21782-21783 SYM denotes ' T5956 21784-21787 NN denotes UTR T5958 21788-21792 NN denotes size T5959 21793-21804 NN denotes information T5960 21804-21805 . denotes . T5961 21805-21938 sentence denotes We confirmed the alternative polyadenylation isoforms of four out of five selected genes by sequencing the 3' end of 14 cDNA clones. T5962 21806-21808 PRP denotes We T5963 21809-21818 VBD denotes confirmed T5964 21819-21822 DT denotes the T5966 21823-21834 JJ denotes alternative T5967 21835-21850 NN denotes polyadenylation T5965 21851-21859 NNS denotes isoforms T5968 21860-21862 IN denotes of T5969 21863-21867 CD denotes four T5971 21868-21871 IN denotes out T5972 21872-21874 IN denotes of T5970 21875-21879 CD denotes five T5974 21880-21888 VBN denotes selected T5973 21889-21894 NNS denotes genes T5975 21895-21897 IN denotes by T5976 21898-21908 VBG denotes sequencing T5977 21909-21912 DT denotes the T5979 21913-21914 CD denotes 3 T5980 21914-21915 SYM denotes ' T5978 21916-21919 NN denotes end T5981 21920-21922 IN denotes of T5982 21923-21925 CD denotes 14 T5984 21926-21930 NN denotes cDNA T5983 21931-21937 NNS denotes clones T5985 21937-21938 . denotes . T5986 21938-22179 sentence denotes These 14 sequences also revealed one cDNA where the poly(A) tail was added 27 bp before the stop codon, and another where an intron was spliced out of the 3' UTR, contrary to the conventional stereotype of olfactory receptor gene structure. T5987 21939-21944 DT denotes These T5989 21945-21947 CD denotes 14 T5988 21948-21957 NNS denotes sequences T5991 21958-21962 RB denotes also T5990 21963-21971 VBD denotes revealed T5992 21972-21975 CD denotes one T5993 21976-21980 NN denotes cDNA T5994 21981-21986 WRB denotes where T5996 21987-21990 DT denotes the T5998 21991-21995 NN denotes poly T5999 21995-21996 -LRB- denotes ( T6000 21996-21997 NN denotes A T6001 21997-21998 -RRB- denotes ) T5997 21999-22003 NN denotes tail T6002 22004-22007 VBD denotes was T5995 22008-22013 VBN denotes added T6003 22014-22016 CD denotes 27 T6004 22017-22019 NN denotes bp T6005 22020-22026 IN denotes before T6006 22027-22030 DT denotes the T6008 22031-22035 NN denotes stop T6007 22036-22041 NN denotes codon T6009 22041-22043 , denotes , T6010 22043-22046 CC denotes and T6011 22047-22054 DT denotes another T6012 22055-22060 WRB denotes where T6014 22061-22063 DT denotes an T6015 22064-22070 NN denotes intron T6016 22071-22074 VBD denotes was T6013 22075-22082 VBN denotes spliced T6017 22083-22086 IN denotes out T6018 22087-22089 IN denotes of T6019 22090-22093 DT denotes the T6021 22094-22095 CD denotes 3 T6022 22095-22096 SYM denotes ' T6020 22097-22100 NN denotes UTR T6023 22100-22102 , denotes , T6024 22102-22110 JJ denotes contrary T6025 22111-22113 IN denotes to T6026 22114-22117 DT denotes the T6028 22118-22130 JJ denotes conventional T6027 22131-22141 NN denotes stereotype T6029 22142-22144 IN denotes of T6030 22145-22154 JJ denotes olfactory T6031 22155-22163 NN denotes receptor T6032 22164-22168 NN denotes gene T6033 22169-22178 NN denotes structure T6034 22178-22179 . denotes . T6417 22181-22182 DT denotes A T6418 22183-22189 NN denotes subset T6420 22190-22192 IN denotes of T6421 22193-22202 JJ denotes olfactory T6422 22203-22212 NNS denotes receptors T6419 22213-22218 VBZ denotes shows T6423 22219-22226 JJ denotes unusual T6424 22227-22235 NN denotes splicing T6425 22235-22431 sentence denotes " We identified 62 cDNAs (5% of all olfactory receptor clones) from 38 intact olfactory receptors and one olfactory receptor pseudogene where a splice site within the protein-coding region is used." T6426 22236-22238 PRP denotes We T6427 22239-22249 VBD denotes identified T6428 22250-22252 CD denotes 62 T6429 22253-22258 NNS denotes cDNAs T6430 22259-22260 -LRB- denotes ( T6432 22260-22261 CD denotes 5 T6431 22261-22262 NN denotes % T6433 22263-22265 IN denotes of T6434 22266-22269 DT denotes all T6436 22270-22279 JJ denotes olfactory T6437 22280-22288 NN denotes receptor T6435 22289-22295 NNS denotes clones T6438 22295-22296 -RRB- denotes ) T6439 22297-22301 IN denotes from T6440 22302-22304 CD denotes 38 T6442 22305-22311 JJ denotes intact T6443 22312-22321 JJ denotes olfactory T6441 22322-22331 NNS denotes receptors T6444 22332-22335 CC denotes and T6445 22336-22339 CD denotes one T6447 22340-22349 JJ denotes olfactory T6448 22350-22358 NN denotes receptor T6446 22359-22369 NN denotes pseudogene T6449 22370-22375 WRB denotes where T6451 22376-22377 DT denotes a T6453 22378-22384 NN denotes splice T6452 22385-22389 NN denotes site T6454 22390-22396 IN denotes within T6455 22397-22400 DT denotes the T6457 22401-22408 NN denotes protein T6459 22408-22409 HYPH denotes - T6458 22409-22415 VBG denotes coding T6456 22416-22422 NN denotes region T6460 22423-22425 VBZ denotes is T6450 22426-22430 VBN denotes used T6461 22430-22431 . denotes . T6462 22431-22638 sentence denotes For two genes (top two cDNAs, Figure 6), the predicted protein appears to be an intact olfactory receptor with three or ten amino acids, including the initiating methionine, contributed by an upstream exon. T6463 22432-22435 IN denotes For T6465 22436-22439 CD denotes two T6466 22440-22445 NNS denotes genes T6467 22446-22447 -LRB- denotes ( T6469 22447-22450 JJ denotes top T6471 22451-22454 CD denotes two T6470 22455-22460 NNS denotes cDNAs T6472 22460-22462 , denotes , T6468 22462-22468 NN denotes Figure T6473 22469-22470 CD denotes 6 T6474 22470-22471 -RRB- denotes ) T6475 22471-22473 , denotes , T6476 22473-22476 DT denotes the T6478 22477-22486 VBN denotes predicted T6477 22487-22494 NN denotes protein T6464 22495-22502 VBZ denotes appears T6479 22503-22505 TO denotes to T6480 22506-22508 VB denotes be T6481 22509-22511 DT denotes an T6483 22512-22518 JJ denotes intact T6484 22519-22528 JJ denotes olfactory T6482 22529-22537 NN denotes receptor T6485 22538-22542 IN denotes with T6486 22543-22548 CD denotes three T6488 22549-22551 CC denotes or T6489 22552-22555 CD denotes ten T6490 22556-22561 NN denotes amino T6487 22562-22567 NNS denotes acids T6491 22567-22569 , denotes , T6492 22569-22578 VBG denotes including T6493 22579-22582 DT denotes the T6495 22583-22593 VBG denotes initiating T6494 22594-22604 NN denotes methionine T6496 22604-22606 , denotes , T6497 22606-22617 VBN denotes contributed T6498 22618-22620 IN denotes by T6499 22621-22623 DT denotes an T6501 22624-22632 JJ denotes upstream T6500 22633-22637 NN denotes exon T6502 22637-22638 . denotes . T6503 22638-22725 sentence denotes A similar gene structure was described previously for a human olfactory receptor [25]. T6504 22639-22640 DT denotes A T6506 22641-22648 JJ denotes similar T6507 22649-22653 NN denotes gene T6505 22654-22663 NN denotes structure T6509 22664-22667 VBD denotes was T6508 22668-22677 VBN denotes described T6510 22678-22688 RB denotes previously T6511 22689-22692 IN denotes for T6512 22693-22694 DT denotes a T6514 22695-22700 JJ denotes human T6515 22701-22710 JJ denotes olfactory T6513 22711-22719 NN denotes receptor T6516 22720-22721 -LRB- denotes [ T6517 22721-22723 CD denotes 25 T6518 22723-22724 -RRB- denotes ] T6519 22724-22725 . denotes . T6520 22725-22815 sentence denotes One of these two mouse genes has no start codon in its otherwise intact main coding exon. T6521 22726-22729 CD denotes One T6523 22730-22732 IN denotes of T6524 22733-22738 DT denotes these T6526 22739-22742 CD denotes two T6527 22743-22748 NN denotes mouse T6525 22749-22754 NNS denotes genes T6522 22755-22758 VBZ denotes has T6528 22759-22761 DT denotes no T6530 22762-22767 NN denotes start T6529 22768-22773 NN denotes codon T6531 22774-22776 IN denotes in T6532 22777-22780 PRP$ denotes its T6534 22781-22790 RB denotes otherwise T6535 22791-22797 JJ denotes intact T6536 22798-22802 JJ denotes main T6537 22803-22809 VBG denotes coding T6533 22810-22814 NN denotes exon T6538 22814-22815 . denotes . T6539 22815-22895 sentence denotes The unusual splicing thus rescues what would otherwise be a dysfunctional gene. T6540 22816-22819 DT denotes The T6542 22820-22827 JJ denotes unusual T6541 22828-22836 NN denotes splicing T6544 22837-22841 RB denotes thus T6543 22842-22849 VBZ denotes rescues T6545 22850-22854 WP denotes what T6547 22855-22860 MD denotes would T6548 22861-22870 RB denotes otherwise T6546 22871-22873 VB denotes be T6549 22874-22875 DT denotes a T6551 22876-22889 JJ denotes dysfunctional T6550 22890-22894 NN denotes gene T6552 22894-22895 . denotes . T6553 22895-23152 sentence denotes In most cases (60 out of 62 cDNAs), the unusual transcript appears to be an aberrant splice form - the transcript would probably not encode a functional protein because the splice introduces a frameshift or removes conserved functional residues (Figure 6). T6554 22896-22898 IN denotes In T6556 22899-22903 JJS denotes most T6557 22904-22909 NNS denotes cases T6558 22910-22911 -LRB- denotes ( T6559 22911-22913 CD denotes 60 T6561 22914-22917 IN denotes out T6562 22918-22920 IN denotes of T6560 22921-22923 CD denotes 62 T6563 22924-22929 NNS denotes cDNAs T6564 22929-22930 -RRB- denotes ) T6565 22930-22932 , denotes , T6566 22932-22935 DT denotes the T6568 22936-22943 JJ denotes unusual T6567 22944-22954 NN denotes transcript T6569 22955-22962 VBZ denotes appears T6570 22963-22965 TO denotes to T6571 22966-22968 VB denotes be T6572 22969-22971 DT denotes an T6574 22972-22980 JJ denotes aberrant T6575 22981-22987 NN denotes splice T6573 22988-22992 NN denotes form T6576 22993-22994 : denotes - T6577 22995-22998 DT denotes the T6578 22999-23009 NN denotes transcript T6579 23010-23015 MD denotes would T6580 23016-23024 RB denotes probably T6581 23025-23028 RB denotes not T6555 23029-23035 VB denotes encode T6582 23036-23037 DT denotes a T6584 23038-23048 JJ denotes functional T6583 23049-23056 NN denotes protein T6585 23057-23064 IN denotes because T6587 23065-23068 DT denotes the T6588 23069-23075 NN denotes splice T6586 23076-23086 VBZ denotes introduces T6589 23087-23088 DT denotes a T6590 23089-23099 NN denotes frameshift T6591 23100-23102 CC denotes or T6592 23103-23110 VBZ denotes removes T6593 23111-23120 VBN denotes conserved T6595 23121-23131 JJ denotes functional T6594 23132-23140 NNS denotes residues T6596 23141-23142 -LRB- denotes ( T6597 23142-23148 NN denotes Figure T6598 23149-23150 CD denotes 6 T6599 23150-23151 -RRB- denotes ) T6600 23151-23152 . denotes . T6601 23152-23283 sentence denotes For two clones (bottom two cDNAs, Figure 6), exon order in the cDNA clone is inconsistent with the corresponding genomic sequence. T6602 23153-23156 IN denotes For T6604 23157-23160 CD denotes two T6605 23161-23167 NNS denotes clones T6606 23168-23169 -LRB- denotes ( T6608 23169-23175 JJ denotes bottom T6610 23176-23179 CD denotes two T6609 23180-23185 NNS denotes cDNAs T6611 23185-23187 , denotes , T6607 23187-23193 NN denotes Figure T6612 23194-23195 CD denotes 6 T6613 23195-23196 -RRB- denotes ) T6614 23196-23198 , denotes , T6615 23198-23202 NN denotes exon T6616 23203-23208 NN denotes order T6617 23209-23211 IN denotes in T6618 23212-23215 DT denotes the T6620 23216-23220 NN denotes cDNA T6619 23221-23226 NN denotes clone T6603 23227-23229 VBZ denotes is T6621 23230-23242 JJ denotes inconsistent T6622 23243-23247 IN denotes with T6623 23248-23251 DT denotes the T6625 23252-23265 JJ denotes corresponding T6626 23266-23273 JJ denotes genomic T6624 23274-23282 NN denotes sequence T6627 23282-23283 . denotes . T6628 23283-23444 sentence denotes It is difficult to imagine what kind of cloning artefact resulted in these severely scrambled cDNAs: we suggest that they derive from real but rare transcripts. T6629 23284-23286 PRP denotes It T6630 23287-23289 VBZ denotes is T6632 23290-23299 JJ denotes difficult T6633 23300-23302 TO denotes to T6634 23303-23310 VB denotes imagine T6635 23311-23315 WDT denotes what T6636 23316-23320 NN denotes kind T6638 23321-23323 IN denotes of T6639 23324-23331 VBG denotes cloning T6640 23332-23340 NN denotes artefact T6637 23341-23349 VBD denotes resulted T6641 23350-23352 IN denotes in T6642 23353-23358 DT denotes these T6644 23359-23367 RB denotes severely T6645 23368-23377 VBN denotes scrambled T6643 23378-23383 NNS denotes cDNAs T6646 23383-23385 : denotes : T6647 23385-23387 PRP denotes we T6631 23388-23395 VBP denotes suggest T6648 23396-23400 IN denotes that T6650 23401-23405 PRP denotes they T6649 23406-23412 VBP denotes derive T6651 23413-23417 IN denotes from T6652 23418-23422 JJ denotes real T6654 23423-23426 CC denotes but T6655 23427-23431 JJ denotes rare T6653 23432-23443 NNS denotes transcripts T6656 23443-23444 . denotes . T6657 23444-23635 sentence denotes However, their low frequency in our cDNA collection suggests that splicing contrary to genomic organization does not contribute significantly to the olfactory receptor transcript repertoire. T6658 23445-23452 RB denotes However T6660 23452-23454 , denotes , T6661 23454-23459 PRP$ denotes their T6663 23460-23463 JJ denotes low T6662 23464-23473 NN denotes frequency T6664 23474-23476 IN denotes in T6665 23477-23480 PRP$ denotes our T6667 23481-23485 NN denotes cDNA T6666 23486-23496 NN denotes collection T6659 23497-23505 VBZ denotes suggests T6668 23506-23510 IN denotes that T6670 23511-23519 NN denotes splicing T6671 23520-23528 JJ denotes contrary T6672 23529-23531 IN denotes to T6673 23532-23539 JJ denotes genomic T6674 23540-23552 NN denotes organization T6675 23553-23557 VBZ denotes does T6676 23558-23561 RB denotes not T6669 23562-23572 VB denotes contribute T6677 23573-23586 RB denotes significantly T6678 23587-23589 IN denotes to T6679 23590-23593 DT denotes the T6681 23594-23603 JJ denotes olfactory T6682 23604-23612 NN denotes receptor T6683 23613-23623 NN denotes transcript T6680 23624-23634 NN denotes repertoire T6684 23634-23635 . denotes . T6685 23635-23811 sentence denotes For 21 of the 26 genes for which unusually spliced cDNAs were found, we also observe an alternative ('normal') isoform that does not use splice sites within the coding region. T6686 23636-23639 IN denotes For T6688 23640-23642 CD denotes 21 T6690 23643-23645 IN denotes of T6691 23646-23649 DT denotes the T6689 23650-23652 CD denotes 26 T6692 23653-23658 NNS denotes genes T6693 23659-23662 IN denotes for T6695 23663-23668 WDT denotes which T6696 23669-23678 RB denotes unusually T6697 23679-23686 VBN denotes spliced T6698 23687-23692 NNS denotes cDNAs T6699 23693-23697 VBD denotes were T6694 23698-23703 VBN denotes found T6700 23703-23705 , denotes , T6701 23705-23707 PRP denotes we T6702 23708-23712 RB denotes also T6687 23713-23720 VBP denotes observe T6703 23721-23723 DT denotes an T6705 23724-23735 JJ denotes alternative T6706 23736-23737 -LRB- denotes ( T6707 23737-23738 `` denotes ' T6708 23738-23744 JJ denotes normal T6709 23744-23745 '' denotes ' T6710 23745-23746 -RRB- denotes ) T6704 23747-23754 NN denotes isoform T6711 23755-23759 WDT denotes that T6713 23760-23764 VBZ denotes does T6714 23765-23768 RB denotes not T6712 23769-23772 VB denotes use T6715 23773-23779 NN denotes splice T6716 23780-23785 NNS denotes sites T6717 23786-23792 IN denotes within T6718 23793-23796 DT denotes the T6720 23797-23803 VBG denotes coding T6719 23804-23810 NN denotes region T6721 23810-23811 . denotes . T6722 23811-23965 sentence denotes (For the remaining 13 of the 3' genes showing odd splicing, we have identified only one cDNA so have not determined whether normal isoforms are present.) T6723 23812-23813 -LRB- denotes ( T6725 23813-23816 IN denotes For T6726 23817-23820 DT denotes the T6728 23821-23830 VBG denotes remaining T6727 23831-23833 CD denotes 13 T6729 23834-23836 IN denotes of T6730 23837-23840 DT denotes the T6732 23841-23842 CD denotes 3 T6733 23842-23843 SYM denotes ' T6731 23844-23849 NNS denotes genes T6734 23850-23857 VBG denotes showing T6735 23858-23861 JJ denotes odd T6736 23862-23870 NN denotes splicing T6737 23870-23872 , denotes , T6738 23872-23874 PRP denotes we T6739 23875-23879 VBP denotes have T6724 23880-23890 VBN denotes identified T6740 23891-23895 RB denotes only T6742 23896-23899 CD denotes one T6741 23900-23904 NN denotes cDNA T6743 23905-23907 CC denotes so T6744 23908-23912 VBP denotes have T6746 23913-23916 RB denotes not T6745 23917-23927 VBN denotes determined T6747 23928-23935 IN denotes whether T6749 23936-23942 JJ denotes normal T6750 23943-23951 NNS denotes isoforms T6748 23952-23955 VBP denotes are T6751 23956-23963 JJ denotes present T6752 23963-23964 . denotes . T6753 23964-23965 -RRB- denotes ) T6754 23965-24391 sentence denotes " We were intrigued both by previous reports of splicing of human olfactory receptors near the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) cluster, where several genes splice over long distances to a common upstream exon [26,27] and by the idea that olfactory receptor transcriptional control could be achieved by DNA recombination mechanisms, perhaps with the result that transcripts would contain some sequence from another locus." T6755 23966-23968 PRP denotes We T6757 23969-23973 VBD denotes were T6756 23974-23983 VBN denotes intrigued T6758 23984-23988 CC denotes both T6759 23989-23991 IN denotes by T6760 23992-24000 JJ denotes previous T6761 24001-24008 NNS denotes reports T6762 24009-24011 IN denotes of T6763 24012-24020 NN denotes splicing T6764 24021-24023 IN denotes of T6765 24024-24029 JJ denotes human T6767 24030-24039 JJ denotes olfactory T6766 24040-24049 NNS denotes receptors T6768 24050-24054 IN denotes near T6769 24055-24058 DT denotes the T6771 24059-24064 JJ denotes major T6772 24065-24083 NN denotes histocompatibility T6770 24084-24091 NN denotes complex T6774 24092-24093 -LRB- denotes ( T6775 24093-24096 NN denotes MHC T6776 24096-24097 -RRB- denotes ) T6773 24098-24105 NN denotes cluster T6777 24105-24107 , denotes , T6778 24107-24112 WRB denotes where T6780 24113-24120 JJ denotes several T6781 24121-24126 NNS denotes genes T6779 24127-24133 VBP denotes splice T6782 24134-24138 IN denotes over T6783 24139-24143 JJ denotes long T6784 24144-24153 NNS denotes distances T6785 24154-24156 IN denotes to T6786 24157-24158 DT denotes a T6788 24159-24165 JJ denotes common T6789 24166-24174 JJ denotes upstream T6787 24175-24179 NN denotes exon T6790 24180-24181 -LRB- denotes [ T6792 24181-24183 CD denotes 26 T6793 24183-24184 , denotes , T6791 24184-24186 CD denotes 27 T6794 24186-24187 -RRB- denotes ] T6795 24188-24191 CC denotes and T6796 24192-24194 IN denotes by T6797 24195-24198 DT denotes the T6798 24199-24203 NN denotes idea T6799 24204-24208 IN denotes that T6801 24209-24218 JJ denotes olfactory T6802 24219-24227 NN denotes receptor T6804 24228-24243 JJ denotes transcriptional T6803 24244-24251 NN denotes control T6805 24252-24257 MD denotes could T6806 24258-24260 VB denotes be T6800 24261-24269 VBN denotes achieved T6807 24270-24272 IN denotes by T6808 24273-24276 NN denotes DNA T6810 24277-24290 NN denotes recombination T6809 24291-24301 NNS denotes mechanisms T6811 24301-24303 , denotes , T6812 24303-24310 RB denotes perhaps T6813 24311-24315 IN denotes with T6814 24316-24319 DT denotes the T6815 24320-24326 NN denotes result T6816 24327-24331 IN denotes that T6818 24332-24343 NNS denotes transcripts T6819 24344-24349 MD denotes would T6817 24350-24357 VB denotes contain T6820 24358-24362 DT denotes some T6821 24363-24371 NN denotes sequence T6822 24372-24376 IN denotes from T6823 24377-24384 DT denotes another T6824 24385-24390 NN denotes locus T6825 24390-24391 . denotes . T6826 24391-24624 sentence denotes We therefore verified that the entire sequence of each olfactory receptor EST matches the corresponding gene's genomic 'territory' (defined for this purpose as from 1 kb after the preceding gene to 1 kb after the gene's stop codon). T6827 24392-24394 PRP denotes We T6829 24395-24404 RB denotes therefore T6828 24405-24413 VBD denotes verified T6830 24414-24418 IN denotes that T6832 24419-24422 DT denotes the T6834 24423-24429 JJ denotes entire T6833 24430-24438 NN denotes sequence T6835 24439-24441 IN denotes of T6836 24442-24446 DT denotes each T6838 24447-24456 JJ denotes olfactory T6839 24457-24465 NN denotes receptor T6837 24466-24469 NN denotes EST T6831 24470-24477 VBZ denotes matches T6840 24478-24481 DT denotes the T6842 24482-24495 VBG denotes corresponding T6841 24496-24500 NN denotes gene T6844 24500-24502 POS denotes 's T6845 24503-24510 JJ denotes genomic T6846 24511-24512 `` denotes ' T6843 24512-24521 NN denotes territory T6847 24521-24522 '' denotes ' T6848 24523-24524 -LRB- denotes ( T6849 24524-24531 VBN denotes defined T6850 24532-24535 IN denotes for T6851 24536-24540 DT denotes this T6852 24541-24548 NN denotes purpose T6853 24549-24551 IN denotes as T6854 24552-24556 IN denotes from T6855 24557-24558 CD denotes 1 T6856 24559-24561 NN denotes kb T6857 24562-24567 IN denotes after T6858 24568-24571 DT denotes the T6860 24572-24581 VBG denotes preceding T6859 24582-24586 NN denotes gene T6861 24587-24589 IN denotes to T6862 24590-24591 CD denotes 1 T6863 24592-24594 NN denotes kb T6864 24595-24600 IN denotes after T6865 24601-24604 DT denotes the T6866 24605-24609 NN denotes gene T6868 24609-24611 POS denotes 's T6869 24612-24616 NN denotes stop T6867 24617-24622 NN denotes codon T6870 24622-24623 -RRB- denotes ) T6871 24623-24624 . denotes . T6872 24624-24769 sentence denotes We found no cDNAs where introns encompassed other olfactory receptor genes, as reported for olfactory receptors in the human MHC region [26,27]. T6873 24625-24627 PRP denotes We T6874 24628-24633 VBD denotes found T6875 24634-24636 DT denotes no T6876 24637-24642 NNS denotes cDNAs T6877 24643-24648 WRB denotes where T6879 24649-24656 NNS denotes introns T6878 24657-24668 VBD denotes encompassed T6880 24669-24674 JJ denotes other T6882 24675-24684 JJ denotes olfactory T6883 24685-24693 NN denotes receptor T6881 24694-24699 NNS denotes genes T6884 24699-24701 , denotes , T6885 24701-24703 IN denotes as T6886 24704-24712 VBN denotes reported T6887 24713-24716 IN denotes for T6888 24717-24726 JJ denotes olfactory T6889 24727-24736 NNS denotes receptors T6890 24737-24739 IN denotes in T6891 24740-24743 DT denotes the T6893 24744-24749 JJ denotes human T6894 24750-24753 NN denotes MHC T6892 24754-24760 NN denotes region T6895 24761-24762 -LRB- denotes [ T6897 24762-24764 CD denotes 26 T6898 24764-24765 , denotes , T6896 24765-24767 CD denotes 27 T6899 24767-24768 -RRB- denotes ] T6900 24768-24769 . denotes . T6901 24769-24900 sentence denotes Six cDNAs do extend further than a single gene's 'territory' and appear not to be artifacts of the sequencing or analysis process. T6902 24770-24773 CD denotes Six T6903 24774-24779 NNS denotes cDNAs T6905 24780-24782 VBP denotes do T6904 24783-24789 VB denotes extend T6906 24790-24797 RBR denotes further T6907 24798-24802 IN denotes than T6908 24803-24804 DT denotes a T6910 24805-24811 JJ denotes single T6909 24812-24816 NN denotes gene T6912 24816-24818 POS denotes 's T6913 24819-24820 `` denotes ' T6911 24820-24829 NN denotes territory T6914 24829-24830 '' denotes ' T6915 24831-24834 CC denotes and T6916 24835-24841 VBP denotes appear T6917 24842-24845 RB denotes not T6919 24846-24848 TO denotes to T6918 24849-24851 VB denotes be T6920 24852-24861 NNS denotes artifacts T6921 24862-24864 IN denotes of T6922 24865-24868 DT denotes the T6924 24869-24879 NN denotes sequencing T6925 24880-24882 CC denotes or T6926 24883-24891 NN denotes analysis T6923 24892-24899 NN denotes process T6927 24899-24900 . denotes . T6928 24900-25048 sentence denotes In each of these cases, the clones use splice sites within the 3' UTR and thus extend further than the arbitrary 1 kb downstream of the stop codon. T6929 24901-24903 IN denotes In T6931 24904-24908 DT denotes each T6932 24909-24911 IN denotes of T6933 24912-24917 DT denotes these T6934 24918-24923 NNS denotes cases T6935 24923-24925 , denotes , T6936 24925-24928 DT denotes the T6937 24929-24935 NNS denotes clones T6930 24936-24939 VBP denotes use T6938 24940-24946 NN denotes splice T6939 24947-24952 NNS denotes sites T6940 24953-24959 IN denotes within T6941 24960-24963 DT denotes the T6943 24964-24965 CD denotes 3 T6944 24965-24966 SYM denotes ' T6942 24967-24970 NN denotes UTR T6945 24971-24974 CC denotes and T6946 24975-24979 RB denotes thus T6947 24980-24986 VBP denotes extend T6948 24987-24994 RBR denotes further T6950 24995-24999 IN denotes than T6951 25000-25003 DT denotes the T6953 25004-25013 JJ denotes arbitrary T6954 25014-25015 CD denotes 1 T6952 25016-25018 NN denotes kb T6949 25019-25029 JJ denotes downstream T6955 25030-25032 IN denotes of T6956 25033-25036 DT denotes the T6958 25037-25041 NN denotes stop T6957 25042-25047 NN denotes codon T6959 25047-25048 . denotes . T6960 25048-25178 sentence denotes Five of these six cDNAs also use splice-donor sites within the coding region and encode disrupted olfactory receptors (Figure 6). T6961 25049-25053 CD denotes Five T6963 25054-25056 IN denotes of T6964 25057-25062 DT denotes these T6966 25063-25066 CD denotes six T6965 25067-25072 NNS denotes cDNAs T6967 25073-25077 RB denotes also T6962 25078-25081 VBP denotes use T6968 25082-25088 NN denotes splice T6970 25088-25089 HYPH denotes - T6969 25089-25094 NN denotes donor T6971 25095-25100 NNS denotes sites T6972 25101-25107 IN denotes within T6973 25108-25111 DT denotes the T6975 25112-25118 VBG denotes coding T6974 25119-25125 NN denotes region T6976 25126-25129 CC denotes and T6977 25130-25136 VBP denotes encode T6978 25137-25146 VBN denotes disrupted T6980 25147-25156 JJ denotes olfactory T6979 25157-25166 NNS denotes receptors T6981 25167-25168 -LRB- denotes ( T6982 25168-25174 NN denotes Figure T6983 25175-25176 CD denotes 6 T6984 25176-25177 -RRB- denotes ) T6985 25177-25178 . denotes . T6986 25178-25277 sentence denotes In the sixth cDNA, a 2.6-kb intron is spliced out of the 3' UTR, leaving the coding region intact. T6987 25179-25181 IN denotes In T6989 25182-25185 DT denotes the T6991 25186-25191 JJ denotes sixth T6990 25192-25196 NN denotes cDNA T6992 25196-25198 , denotes , T6993 25198-25199 DT denotes a T6995 25200-25203 CD denotes 2.6 T6997 25203-25204 HYPH denotes - T6996 25204-25206 NN denotes kb T6994 25207-25213 NN denotes intron T6998 25214-25216 VBZ denotes is T6988 25217-25224 VBN denotes spliced T6999 25225-25228 IN denotes out T7000 25229-25231 IN denotes of T7001 25232-25235 DT denotes the T7003 25236-25237 CD denotes 3 T7004 25237-25238 SYM denotes ' T7002 25239-25242 NN denotes UTR T7005 25242-25244 , denotes , T7006 25244-25251 VBG denotes leaving T7007 25252-25255 DT denotes the T7009 25256-25262 VBG denotes coding T7008 25263-25269 NN denotes region T7010 25270-25276 JJ denotes intact T7011 25276-25277 . denotes . T7012 25277-25512 sentence denotes " If olfactory receptor transcriptional control is achieved by DNA recombination, the beginning of each transcript might derive from a donated promoter region, with the rest of the transcript coming from the native ORF-containing locus." T7013 25278-25280 IN denotes If T7015 25281-25290 JJ denotes olfactory T7016 25291-25299 NN denotes receptor T7018 25300-25315 JJ denotes transcriptional T7017 25316-25323 NN denotes control T7019 25324-25326 VBZ denotes is T7014 25327-25335 VBN denotes achieved T7021 25336-25338 IN denotes by T7022 25339-25342 NN denotes DNA T7023 25343-25356 NN denotes recombination T7024 25356-25358 , denotes , T7025 25358-25361 DT denotes the T7026 25362-25371 NN denotes beginning T7027 25372-25374 IN denotes of T7028 25375-25379 DT denotes each T7029 25380-25390 NN denotes transcript T7030 25391-25396 MD denotes might T7020 25397-25403 VB denotes derive T7031 25404-25408 IN denotes from T7032 25409-25410 DT denotes a T7034 25411-25418 VBN denotes donated T7035 25419-25427 NN denotes promoter T7033 25428-25434 NN denotes region T7036 25434-25436 , denotes , T7037 25436-25440 IN denotes with T7038 25441-25444 DT denotes the T7039 25445-25449 NN denotes rest T7041 25450-25452 IN denotes of T7042 25453-25456 DT denotes the T7043 25457-25467 NN denotes transcript T7040 25468-25474 VBG denotes coming T7044 25475-25479 IN denotes from T7045 25480-25483 DT denotes the T7047 25484-25490 JJ denotes native T7048 25491-25494 NN denotes ORF T7050 25494-25495 HYPH denotes - T7049 25495-25505 VBG denotes containing T7046 25506-25511 NN denotes locus T7051 25511-25512 . denotes . T7052 25512-25671 sentence denotes In order to examine the recombination hypothesis, we analyzed 115 cDNA clones for which sim4 failed to align 20 bp or more to the corresponding genomic locus. T7053 25513-25515 IN denotes In T7055 25516-25521 NN denotes order T7056 25522-25524 TO denotes to T7057 25525-25532 VB denotes examine T7058 25533-25536 DT denotes the T7060 25537-25550 NN denotes recombination T7059 25551-25561 NN denotes hypothesis T7061 25561-25563 , denotes , T7062 25563-25565 PRP denotes we T7054 25566-25574 VBD denotes analyzed T7063 25575-25578 CD denotes 115 T7065 25579-25583 NN denotes cDNA T7064 25584-25590 NNS denotes clones T7066 25591-25594 IN denotes for T7068 25595-25600 WDT denotes which T7069 25601-25605 NN denotes sim4 T7067 25606-25612 VBD denotes failed T7070 25613-25615 TO denotes to T7071 25616-25621 VB denotes align T7072 25622-25624 CD denotes 20 T7073 25625-25627 NNS denotes bp T7074 25628-25630 CC denotes or T7075 25631-25635 JJR denotes more T7076 25636-25638 IN denotes to T7077 25639-25642 DT denotes the T7079 25643-25656 VBG denotes corresponding T7080 25657-25664 JJ denotes genomic T7078 25665-25670 NN denotes locus T7081 25670-25671 . denotes . T7082 25671-25840 sentence denotes In most cases, the missing sequence was explained by gaps in the genomic sequence or by matches that fell below our percent identity-based cutoff for reporting matches. T7083 25672-25674 IN denotes In T7085 25675-25679 JJS denotes most T7086 25680-25685 NNS denotes cases T7087 25685-25687 , denotes , T7088 25687-25690 DT denotes the T7090 25691-25698 JJ denotes missing T7089 25699-25707 NN denotes sequence T7091 25708-25711 VBD denotes was T7084 25712-25721 VBN denotes explained T7092 25722-25724 IN denotes by T7093 25725-25729 NNS denotes gaps T7094 25730-25732 IN denotes in T7095 25733-25736 DT denotes the T7097 25737-25744 JJ denotes genomic T7096 25745-25753 NN denotes sequence T7098 25754-25756 CC denotes or T7099 25757-25759 IN denotes by T7100 25760-25767 NNS denotes matches T7101 25768-25772 WDT denotes that T7102 25773-25777 VBD denotes fell T7103 25778-25783 IN denotes below T7104 25784-25787 PRP$ denotes our T7106 25788-25795 NN denotes percent T7107 25796-25804 NN denotes identity T7109 25804-25805 HYPH denotes - T7108 25805-25810 VBN denotes based T7105 25811-25817 NN denotes cutoff T7110 25818-25821 IN denotes for T7111 25822-25831 VBG denotes reporting T7112 25832-25839 NNS denotes matches T7113 25839-25840 . denotes . T7114 25840-25977 sentence denotes For three cDNAs (from three different olfactory receptors), we found that the missing piece of sequence matched elsewhere in the genome. T7115 25841-25844 IN denotes For T7117 25845-25850 CD denotes three T7118 25851-25856 NNS denotes cDNAs T7119 25857-25858 -LRB- denotes ( T7120 25858-25862 IN denotes from T7121 25863-25868 CD denotes three T7123 25869-25878 JJ denotes different T7124 25879-25888 JJ denotes olfactory T7122 25889-25898 NNS denotes receptors T7125 25898-25899 -RRB- denotes ) T7126 25899-25901 , denotes , T7127 25901-25903 PRP denotes we T7116 25904-25909 VBD denotes found T7128 25910-25914 IN denotes that T7130 25915-25918 DT denotes the T7132 25919-25926 JJ denotes missing T7131 25927-25932 NN denotes piece T7133 25933-25935 IN denotes of T7134 25936-25944 NN denotes sequence T7129 25945-25952 VBN denotes matched T7135 25953-25962 RB denotes elsewhere T7136 25963-25965 IN denotes in T7137 25966-25969 DT denotes the T7138 25970-25976 NN denotes genome T7139 25976-25977 . denotes . T7140 25977-26057 sentence denotes Comparison with the public mouse genome assembly confirmed the distant matches. T7141 25978-25988 NN denotes Comparison T7143 25989-25993 IN denotes with T7144 25994-25997 DT denotes the T7146 25998-26004 JJ denotes public T7147 26005-26010 NN denotes mouse T7148 26011-26017 NN denotes genome T7145 26018-26026 NN denotes assembly T7142 26027-26036 VBD denotes confirmed T7149 26037-26040 DT denotes the T7151 26041-26048 JJ denotes distant T7150 26049-26056 NNS denotes matches T7152 26056-26057 . denotes . T7153 26057-26262 sentence denotes With such a small number of cDNAs exhibiting a possible sign of DNA recombination (a sign that could also be interpreted as chimeric cDNA clones), we conclude that such rearrangement is unlikely to occur. T7154 26058-26062 IN denotes With T7156 26063-26067 PDT denotes such T7158 26068-26069 DT denotes a T7159 26070-26075 JJ denotes small T7157 26076-26082 NN denotes number T7161 26083-26085 IN denotes of T7162 26086-26091 NNS denotes cDNAs T7160 26092-26102 VBG denotes exhibiting T7163 26103-26104 DT denotes a T7165 26105-26113 JJ denotes possible T7164 26114-26118 NN denotes sign T7166 26119-26121 IN denotes of T7167 26122-26125 NN denotes DNA T7168 26126-26139 NN denotes recombination T7169 26140-26141 -LRB- denotes ( T7170 26141-26142 DT denotes a T7171 26143-26147 NN denotes sign T7172 26148-26152 WDT denotes that T7174 26153-26158 MD denotes could T7175 26159-26163 RB denotes also T7176 26164-26166 VB denotes be T7173 26167-26178 VBN denotes interpreted T7177 26179-26181 IN denotes as T7178 26182-26190 JJ denotes chimeric T7180 26191-26195 NN denotes cDNA T7179 26196-26202 NNS denotes clones T7181 26202-26203 -RRB- denotes ) T7182 26203-26205 , denotes , T7183 26205-26207 PRP denotes we T7155 26208-26216 VBP denotes conclude T7184 26217-26221 IN denotes that T7186 26222-26226 JJ denotes such T7187 26227-26240 NN denotes rearrangement T7185 26241-26243 VBZ denotes is T7188 26244-26252 JJ denotes unlikely T7189 26253-26255 TO denotes to T7190 26256-26261 VB denotes occur T7191 26261-26262 . denotes . T7192 26262-26476 sentence denotes However, the possibility remains that DNA recombination is responsible for olfactory receptor transcriptional regulation, with the donated region contributing only promoter sequences but no part of the transcript. T7193 26263-26270 RB denotes However T7195 26270-26272 , denotes , T7196 26272-26275 DT denotes the T7197 26276-26287 NN denotes possibility T7194 26288-26295 VBZ denotes remains T7198 26296-26300 IN denotes that T7200 26301-26304 NN denotes DNA T7201 26305-26318 NN denotes recombination T7199 26319-26321 VBZ denotes is T7202 26322-26333 JJ denotes responsible T7203 26334-26337 IN denotes for T7204 26338-26347 JJ denotes olfactory T7205 26348-26356 NN denotes receptor T7207 26357-26372 JJ denotes transcriptional T7206 26373-26383 NN denotes regulation T7208 26383-26385 , denotes , T7209 26385-26389 IN denotes with T7210 26390-26393 DT denotes the T7212 26394-26401 VBN denotes donated T7211 26402-26408 NN denotes region T7213 26409-26421 VBG denotes contributing T7214 26422-26426 RB denotes only T7216 26427-26435 NN denotes promoter T7215 26436-26445 NNS denotes sequences T7217 26446-26449 CC denotes but T7218 26450-26452 DT denotes no T7219 26453-26457 NN denotes part T7220 26458-26460 IN denotes of T7221 26461-26464 DT denotes the T7222 26465-26475 NN denotes transcript T7223 26475-26476 . denotes . T7399 26478-26482 CC denotes Both T7401 26483-26494 JJ denotes unclustered T7402 26495-26504 JJ denotes olfactory T7400 26505-26514 NNS denotes receptors T7404 26515-26518 CC denotes and T7405 26519-26528 JJ denotes olfactory T7406 26529-26537 NN denotes receptor T7407 26538-26549 NNS denotes pseudogenes T7408 26550-26553 MD denotes can T7409 26554-26556 VB denotes be T7403 26557-26566 VBN denotes expressed T7410 26566-26868 sentence denotes " We were interested in whether olfactory receptors need to be part of a cluster in the genome in order to be transcribed, or if the clustered genomic organization of olfactory receptors is simply a consequence of the fact that local duplication is the major mechanism for expanding the gene family [1]." T7411 26567-26569 PRP denotes We T7412 26570-26574 VBD denotes were T7413 26575-26585 JJ denotes interested T7414 26586-26588 IN denotes in T7415 26589-26596 IN denotes whether T7417 26597-26606 JJ denotes olfactory T7418 26607-26616 NNS denotes receptors T7416 26617-26621 VBP denotes need T7419 26622-26624 TO denotes to T7420 26625-26627 VB denotes be T7421 26628-26632 NN denotes part T7422 26633-26635 IN denotes of T7423 26636-26637 DT denotes a T7424 26638-26645 NN denotes cluster T7425 26646-26648 IN denotes in T7426 26649-26652 DT denotes the T7427 26653-26659 NN denotes genome T7428 26660-26662 IN denotes in T7429 26663-26668 NN denotes order T7430 26669-26671 TO denotes to T7432 26672-26674 VB denotes be T7431 26675-26686 VBN denotes transcribed T7433 26686-26688 , denotes , T7434 26688-26690 CC denotes or T7435 26691-26693 IN denotes if T7437 26694-26697 DT denotes the T7439 26698-26707 JJ denotes clustered T7440 26708-26715 JJ denotes genomic T7438 26716-26728 NN denotes organization T7441 26729-26731 IN denotes of T7442 26732-26741 JJ denotes olfactory T7443 26742-26751 NNS denotes receptors T7436 26752-26754 VBZ denotes is T7444 26755-26761 RB denotes simply T7445 26762-26763 DT denotes a T7446 26764-26775 NN denotes consequence T7447 26776-26778 IN denotes of T7448 26779-26782 DT denotes the T7449 26783-26787 NN denotes fact T7450 26788-26792 IN denotes that T7452 26793-26798 JJ denotes local T7453 26799-26810 NN denotes duplication T7451 26811-26813 VBZ denotes is T7454 26814-26817 DT denotes the T7456 26818-26823 JJ denotes major T7455 26824-26833 NN denotes mechanism T7457 26834-26837 IN denotes for T7458 26838-26847 VBG denotes expanding T7459 26848-26851 DT denotes the T7461 26852-26856 NN denotes gene T7460 26857-26863 NN denotes family T7462 26864-26865 -LRB- denotes [ T7463 26865-26866 CD denotes 1 T7464 26866-26867 -RRB- denotes ] T7465 26867-26868 . denotes . T7466 26868-27122 sentence denotes 'Singleton' olfactory receptors (defined as full-length olfactory receptors without another olfactory receptor within 0.5 Mb) are more often pseudogenes than are olfactory receptors in clusters (8 out of 16 versus 271 out of 1,358; χ2 = 8.8, P < 0.005). T7467 26869-26870 `` denotes ' T7469 26870-26879 NN denotes Singleton T7471 26879-26880 '' denotes ' T7472 26881-26890 JJ denotes olfactory T7470 26891-26900 NNS denotes receptors T7473 26901-26902 -LRB- denotes ( T7474 26902-26909 VBN denotes defined T7475 26910-26912 IN denotes as T7476 26913-26917 JJ denotes full T7478 26917-26918 HYPH denotes - T7477 26918-26924 NN denotes length T7480 26925-26934 JJ denotes olfactory T7479 26935-26944 NNS denotes receptors T7481 26945-26952 IN denotes without T7482 26953-26960 DT denotes another T7484 26961-26970 JJ denotes olfactory T7483 26971-26979 NN denotes receptor T7485 26980-26986 IN denotes within T7486 26987-26990 CD denotes 0.5 T7487 26991-26993 NNS denotes Mb T7488 26993-26994 -RRB- denotes ) T7468 26995-26998 VBP denotes are T7489 26999-27003 RBR denotes more T7490 27004-27009 RB denotes often T7491 27010-27021 NNS denotes pseudogenes T7492 27022-27026 IN denotes than T7493 27027-27030 VBP denotes are T7494 27031-27040 JJ denotes olfactory T7495 27041-27050 NNS denotes receptors T7496 27051-27053 IN denotes in T7497 27054-27062 NNS denotes clusters T7498 27063-27064 -LRB- denotes ( T7500 27064-27065 CD denotes 8 T7501 27066-27069 IN denotes out T7502 27070-27072 IN denotes of T7499 27073-27075 CD denotes 16 T7503 27076-27082 CC denotes versus T7504 27083-27086 CD denotes 271 T7506 27087-27090 IN denotes out T7507 27091-27093 IN denotes of T7505 27094-27099 CD denotes 1,358 T7508 27099-27100 : denotes ; T7509 27101-27103 NN denotes χ2 T7511 27104-27105 SYM denotes = T7510 27106-27109 CD denotes 8.8 T7512 27109-27111 , denotes , T7513 27111-27112 NN denotes P T7515 27113-27114 SYM denotes < T7514 27115-27120 CD denotes 0.005 T7516 27120-27121 -RRB- denotes ) T7517 27121-27122 . denotes . T7518 27122-27373 sentence denotes Of the eight intact singleton olfactory receptors, two have matching cDNAs in our collection, a similar proportion as found for olfactory receptors in clusters, showing that clustering is not an absolute requirement for olfactory receptor expression. T7519 27123-27125 IN denotes Of T7521 27126-27129 DT denotes the T7523 27130-27135 CD denotes eight T7524 27136-27142 JJ denotes intact T7525 27143-27152 NN denotes singleton T7526 27153-27162 JJ denotes olfactory T7522 27163-27172 NNS denotes receptors T7527 27172-27174 , denotes , T7528 27174-27177 CD denotes two T7520 27178-27182 VBP denotes have T7529 27183-27191 VBG denotes matching T7530 27192-27197 NNS denotes cDNAs T7531 27198-27200 IN denotes in T7532 27201-27204 PRP$ denotes our T7533 27205-27215 NN denotes collection T7534 27215-27217 , denotes , T7535 27217-27218 DT denotes a T7537 27219-27226 JJ denotes similar T7536 27227-27237 NN denotes proportion T7538 27238-27240 IN denotes as T7539 27241-27246 VBN denotes found T7540 27247-27250 IN denotes for T7541 27251-27260 JJ denotes olfactory T7542 27261-27270 NNS denotes receptors T7543 27271-27273 IN denotes in T7544 27274-27282 NNS denotes clusters T7545 27282-27284 , denotes , T7546 27284-27291 VBG denotes showing T7547 27292-27296 IN denotes that T7549 27297-27307 VBG denotes clustering T7548 27308-27310 VBZ denotes is T7550 27311-27314 RB denotes not T7551 27315-27317 DT denotes an T7553 27318-27326 JJ denotes absolute T7552 27327-27338 NN denotes requirement T7554 27339-27342 IN denotes for T7555 27343-27352 JJ denotes olfactory T7556 27353-27361 NN denotes receptor T7557 27362-27372 NN denotes expression T7558 27372-27373 . denotes . T7559 27373-27571 sentence denotes However, it is possible these two expressed singleton genes are part of 'extended' olfactory receptor clusters - their nearest olfactory receptor neighbors are 1.7 Mb and 2.6 Mb away, respectively. T7560 27374-27381 RB denotes However T7562 27381-27383 , denotes , T7563 27383-27385 PRP denotes it T7564 27386-27388 VBZ denotes is T7565 27389-27397 JJ denotes possible T7566 27398-27403 DT denotes these T7568 27404-27407 CD denotes two T7569 27408-27417 VBN denotes expressed T7570 27418-27427 NN denotes singleton T7567 27428-27433 NNS denotes genes T7571 27434-27437 VBP denotes are T7572 27438-27442 NN denotes part T7573 27443-27445 IN denotes of T7574 27446-27447 `` denotes ' T7575 27447-27455 VBN denotes extended T7577 27455-27456 '' denotes ' T7578 27457-27466 JJ denotes olfactory T7579 27467-27475 NN denotes receptor T7576 27476-27484 NNS denotes clusters T7580 27485-27486 : denotes - T7581 27487-27492 PRP$ denotes their T7583 27493-27500 JJS denotes nearest T7584 27501-27510 JJ denotes olfactory T7585 27511-27519 NN denotes receptor T7582 27520-27529 NNS denotes neighbors T7561 27530-27533 VBP denotes are T7586 27534-27537 CD denotes 1.7 T7587 27538-27540 NNS denotes Mb T7589 27541-27544 CC denotes and T7590 27545-27548 CD denotes 2.6 T7591 27549-27551 NNS denotes Mb T7588 27552-27556 RB denotes away T7592 27556-27558 , denotes , T7593 27558-27570 RB denotes respectively T7594 27570-27571 . denotes . T7595 27571-27705 sentence denotes " We also find that some olfactory receptor pseudogenes are expressed, albeit with a lower probability than intact olfactory receptors." T7596 27572-27574 PRP denotes We T7598 27575-27579 RB denotes also T7597 27580-27584 VBP denotes find T7599 27585-27589 IN denotes that T7601 27590-27594 DT denotes some T7603 27595-27604 JJ denotes olfactory T7604 27605-27613 NN denotes receptor T7602 27614-27625 NNS denotes pseudogenes T7605 27626-27629 VBP denotes are T7600 27630-27639 VBN denotes expressed T7606 27639-27641 , denotes , T7607 27641-27647 IN denotes albeit T7608 27648-27652 IN denotes with T7609 27653-27654 DT denotes a T7611 27655-27660 JJR denotes lower T7610 27661-27672 NN denotes probability T7612 27673-27677 IN denotes than T7613 27678-27684 JJ denotes intact T7615 27685-27694 JJ denotes olfactory T7614 27695-27704 NNS denotes receptors T7616 27704-27705 . denotes . T7617 27705-27955 sentence denotes Considering the 1,392 olfactory receptor gene sequences for which reliable full-length data are available, 15 out of 285 (5%) apparent pseudogenes are represented in our cDNA collection, compared to 393 out of 1,107 (36%) intact olfactory receptors. T7618 27706-27717 VBG denotes Considering T7620 27718-27721 DT denotes the T7622 27722-27727 CD denotes 1,392 T7623 27728-27737 JJ denotes olfactory T7624 27738-27746 NN denotes receptor T7625 27747-27751 NN denotes gene T7621 27752-27761 NNS denotes sequences T7626 27762-27765 IN denotes for T7628 27766-27771 WDT denotes which T7629 27772-27780 JJ denotes reliable T7631 27781-27785 JJ denotes full T7633 27785-27786 HYPH denotes - T7632 27786-27792 NN denotes length T7630 27793-27797 NNS denotes data T7627 27798-27801 VBP denotes are T7634 27802-27811 JJ denotes available T7635 27811-27813 , denotes , T7636 27813-27815 CD denotes 15 T7638 27816-27819 IN denotes out T7639 27820-27822 IN denotes of T7637 27823-27826 CD denotes 285 T7641 27827-27828 -LRB- denotes ( T7643 27828-27829 CD denotes 5 T7642 27829-27830 NN denotes % T7644 27830-27831 -RRB- denotes ) T7645 27832-27840 JJ denotes apparent T7640 27841-27852 NNS denotes pseudogenes T7646 27853-27856 VBP denotes are T7619 27857-27868 VBN denotes represented T7647 27869-27871 IN denotes in T7648 27872-27875 PRP$ denotes our T7650 27876-27880 NN denotes cDNA T7649 27881-27891 NN denotes collection T7651 27891-27893 , denotes , T7652 27893-27901 VBN denotes compared T7653 27902-27904 IN denotes to T7654 27905-27908 CD denotes 393 T7656 27909-27912 IN denotes out T7657 27913-27915 IN denotes of T7655 27916-27921 CD denotes 1,107 T7659 27922-27923 -LRB- denotes ( T7661 27923-27925 CD denotes 36 T7660 27925-27926 NN denotes % T7662 27926-27927 -RRB- denotes ) T7663 27928-27934 JJ denotes intact T7664 27935-27944 JJ denotes olfactory T7658 27945-27954 NNS denotes receptors T7665 27954-27955 . denotes . T7666 27955-28060 sentence denotes However, three of these 15 'expressed pseudogenes' are intact genes in the public mouse genome sequence. T7667 27956-27963 RB denotes However T7669 27963-27965 , denotes , T7670 27965-27970 CD denotes three T7672 27971-27973 IN denotes of T7673 27974-27979 DT denotes these T7671 27980-27982 CD denotes 15 T7675 27983-27984 `` denotes ' T7676 27984-27993 JJ denotes expressed T7674 27994-28005 NNS denotes pseudogenes T7677 28005-28006 '' denotes ' T7668 28007-28010 VBP denotes are T7678 28011-28017 JJ denotes intact T7679 28018-28023 NNS denotes genes T7680 28024-28026 IN denotes in T7681 28027-28030 DT denotes the T7683 28031-28037 JJ denotes public T7684 28038-28043 NN denotes mouse T7685 28044-28050 NN denotes genome T7682 28051-28059 NN denotes sequence T7686 28059-28060 . denotes . T7687 28060-28161 sentence denotes The defects in Celera's version of these genes may be due to sequencing errors or true polymorphism. T7688 28061-28064 DT denotes The T7689 28065-28072 NNS denotes defects T7691 28073-28075 IN denotes in T7692 28076-28082 NNP denotes Celera T7694 28082-28084 POS denotes 's T7693 28085-28092 NN denotes version T7695 28093-28095 IN denotes of T7696 28096-28101 DT denotes these T7697 28102-28107 NNS denotes genes T7698 28108-28111 MD denotes may T7690 28112-28114 VB denotes be T7699 28115-28118 IN denotes due T7700 28119-28121 IN denotes to T7701 28122-28132 VBG denotes sequencing T7702 28133-28139 NNS denotes errors T7703 28140-28142 CC denotes or T7704 28143-28147 JJ denotes true T7705 28148-28160 NN denotes polymorphism T7706 28160-28161 . denotes . T7707 28161-28278 sentence denotes Publicly available mouse sequence confirms that 11 of the 12 remaining expressed pseudogenes are indeed pseudogenes. T7708 28162-28170 RB denotes Publicly T7709 28171-28180 JJ denotes available T7711 28181-28186 NN denotes mouse T7710 28187-28195 NN denotes sequence T7712 28196-28204 VBZ denotes confirms T7713 28205-28209 IN denotes that T7715 28210-28212 CD denotes 11 T7717 28213-28215 IN denotes of T7718 28216-28219 DT denotes the T7716 28220-28222 CD denotes 12 T7720 28223-28232 VBG denotes remaining T7721 28233-28242 JJ denotes expressed T7719 28243-28254 NNS denotes pseudogenes T7714 28255-28258 VBP denotes are T7722 28259-28265 RB denotes indeed T7723 28266-28277 NNS denotes pseudogenes T7724 28277-28278 . denotes . T7725 28278-28364 sentence denotes No public sequence matches the 12th 'expressed pseudogene' with 99% identity or more. T7726 28279-28281 DT denotes No T7728 28282-28288 JJ denotes public T7727 28289-28297 NN denotes sequence T7729 28298-28305 VBZ denotes matches T7730 28306-28309 DT denotes the T7732 28310-28314 JJ denotes 12th T7733 28315-28316 `` denotes ' T7734 28316-28325 JJ denotes expressed T7731 28326-28336 NN denotes pseudogene T7735 28336-28337 '' denotes ' T7736 28338-28342 IN denotes with T7737 28343-28345 CD denotes 99 T7738 28345-28346 NN denotes % T7739 28347-28355 NN denotes identity T7740 28356-28358 CC denotes or T7741 28359-28363 JJR denotes more T7742 28363-28364 . denotes . T8686 28377-28379 PRP denotes We T8688 28380-28384 VBP denotes have T8687 28385-28395 VBN denotes identified T8689 28396-28399 CC denotes and T8690 28400-28409 VBN denotes sequenced T8691 28410-28415 CD denotes 1,264 T8693 28416-28423 JJ denotes odorant T8694 28424-28432 NN denotes receptor T8692 28433-28438 NNS denotes cDNAs T8695 28439-28443 IN denotes from T8696 28444-28447 CD denotes 419 T8698 28448-28457 JJ denotes olfactory T8699 28458-28466 NN denotes receptor T8697 28467-28472 NNS denotes genes T8700 28472-28474 , denotes , T8701 28474-28484 VBG denotes confirming T8702 28485-28490 PRP$ denotes their T8703 28491-28501 NN denotes expression T8704 28502-28504 IN denotes in T8705 28505-28508 DT denotes the T8707 28509-28518 JJ denotes olfactory T8706 28519-28529 NN denotes epithelium T8708 28529-28530 . denotes . T8709 28530-28802 sentence denotes We have thus validated the similarity-based prediction of over one-third of the intact olfactory receptor genes annotated in the mouse genome [1,2], thereby vastly increasing the proportion of the family for which experimental evidence of olfactory function is available. T8710 28531-28533 PRP denotes We T8712 28534-28538 VBP denotes have T8713 28539-28543 RB denotes thus T8711 28544-28553 VBN denotes validated T8714 28554-28557 DT denotes the T8716 28558-28568 NN denotes similarity T8718 28568-28569 HYPH denotes - T8717 28569-28574 VBN denotes based T8715 28575-28585 NN denotes prediction T8719 28586-28588 IN denotes of T8720 28589-28593 IN denotes over T8721 28594-28597 CD denotes one T8722 28597-28598 HYPH denotes - T8723 28598-28603 JJ denotes third T8724 28604-28606 IN denotes of T8725 28607-28610 DT denotes the T8727 28611-28617 JJ denotes intact T8728 28618-28627 JJ denotes olfactory T8729 28628-28636 NN denotes receptor T8726 28637-28642 NNS denotes genes T8730 28643-28652 VBN denotes annotated T8731 28653-28655 IN denotes in T8732 28656-28659 DT denotes the T8734 28660-28665 NN denotes mouse T8733 28666-28672 NN denotes genome T8735 28673-28674 -LRB- denotes [ T8737 28674-28675 CD denotes 1 T8738 28675-28676 , denotes , T8736 28676-28677 CD denotes 2 T8739 28677-28678 -RRB- denotes ] T8740 28678-28680 , denotes , T8741 28680-28687 RB denotes thereby T8743 28688-28694 RB denotes vastly T8742 28695-28705 VBG denotes increasing T8744 28706-28709 DT denotes the T8745 28710-28720 NN denotes proportion T8746 28721-28723 IN denotes of T8747 28724-28727 DT denotes the T8748 28728-28734 NN denotes family T8749 28735-28738 IN denotes for T8751 28739-28744 WDT denotes which T8752 28745-28757 JJ denotes experimental T8753 28758-28766 NN denotes evidence T8754 28767-28769 IN denotes of T8755 28770-28779 JJ denotes olfactory T8756 28780-28788 NN denotes function T8750 28789-28791 VBZ denotes is T8757 28792-28801 JJ denotes available T8758 28801-28802 . denotes . T8759 28802-29013 sentence denotes We have not found cDNAs for all olfactory receptor genes or an even phylogenetic distribution of cDNAs, probably because the libraries and/or our screen are biased toward certain olfactory receptor subfamilies. T8760 28803-28805 PRP denotes We T8762 28806-28810 VBP denotes have T8763 28811-28814 RB denotes not T8761 28815-28820 VBN denotes found T8764 28821-28826 NNS denotes cDNAs T8765 28827-28830 IN denotes for T8766 28831-28834 DT denotes all T8768 28835-28844 JJ denotes olfactory T8769 28845-28853 NN denotes receptor T8767 28854-28859 NNS denotes genes T8770 28860-28862 CC denotes or T8771 28863-28865 DT denotes an T8773 28866-28870 RB denotes even T8774 28871-28883 JJ denotes phylogenetic T8772 28884-28896 NN denotes distribution T8775 28897-28899 IN denotes of T8776 28900-28905 NNS denotes cDNAs T8777 28905-28907 , denotes , T8778 28907-28915 RB denotes probably T8780 28916-28923 IN denotes because T8781 28924-28927 DT denotes the T8782 28928-28937 NNS denotes libraries T8783 28938-28941 CC denotes and T8784 28941-28942 HYPH denotes / T8785 28942-28944 CC denotes or T8786 28945-28948 PRP$ denotes our T8787 28949-28955 NN denotes screen T8779 28956-28959 VBP denotes are T8788 28960-28966 JJ denotes biased T8789 28967-28973 IN denotes toward T8790 28974-28981 JJ denotes certain T8792 28982-28991 JJ denotes olfactory T8793 28992-29000 NN denotes receptor T8791 29001-29012 NNS denotes subfamilies T8794 29012-29013 . denotes . T8795 29013-29359 sentence denotes Using RT-PCR with both degenerate and specific primers, we have confirmed olfactory expression of a number of additional olfactory receptors, bringing the total number of olfactory receptor genes verified in this study to 436, and ensuring that almost all phylogenetic clades have at least one representative with evidence of olfactory function. T8796 29014-29019 VBG denotes Using T8798 29020-29022 NN denotes RT T8800 29022-29023 HYPH denotes - T8799 29023-29026 NN denotes PCR T8801 29027-29031 IN denotes with T8802 29032-29036 CC denotes both T8803 29037-29047 JJ denotes degenerate T8805 29048-29051 CC denotes and T8806 29052-29060 JJ denotes specific T8804 29061-29068 NNS denotes primers T8807 29068-29070 , denotes , T8808 29070-29072 PRP denotes we T8809 29073-29077 VBP denotes have T8797 29078-29087 VBN denotes confirmed T8810 29088-29097 JJ denotes olfactory T8811 29098-29108 NN denotes expression T8812 29109-29111 IN denotes of T8813 29112-29113 DT denotes a T8814 29114-29120 NN denotes number T8815 29121-29123 IN denotes of T8816 29124-29134 JJ denotes additional T8818 29135-29144 JJ denotes olfactory T8817 29145-29154 NNS denotes receptors T8819 29154-29156 , denotes , T8820 29156-29164 VBG denotes bringing T8821 29165-29168 DT denotes the T8823 29169-29174 JJ denotes total T8822 29175-29181 NN denotes number T8824 29182-29184 IN denotes of T8825 29185-29194 JJ denotes olfactory T8826 29195-29203 NN denotes receptor T8827 29204-29209 NNS denotes genes T8828 29210-29218 VBN denotes verified T8829 29219-29221 IN denotes in T8830 29222-29226 DT denotes this T8831 29227-29232 NN denotes study T8832 29233-29235 IN denotes to T8833 29236-29239 CD denotes 436 T8834 29239-29241 , denotes , T8835 29241-29244 CC denotes and T8836 29245-29253 VBG denotes ensuring T8837 29254-29258 IN denotes that T8839 29259-29265 RB denotes almost T8841 29266-29269 DT denotes all T8842 29270-29282 JJ denotes phylogenetic T8840 29283-29289 NNS denotes clades T8838 29290-29294 VBP denotes have T8843 29295-29297 RB denotes at T8845 29298-29303 RBS denotes least T8844 29304-29307 CD denotes one T8846 29308-29322 NN denotes representative T8847 29323-29327 IN denotes with T8848 29328-29336 NN denotes evidence T8849 29337-29339 IN denotes of T8850 29340-29349 JJ denotes olfactory T8851 29350-29358 NN denotes function T8852 29358-29359 . denotes . T8853 29359-29492 sentence denotes " Results of our cDNA library screen suggested that some olfactory receptors are expressed at significantly higher levels than others." T8854 29360-29367 NNS denotes Results T8856 29368-29370 IN denotes of T8857 29371-29374 PRP$ denotes our T8859 29375-29379 NN denotes cDNA T8860 29380-29387 NN denotes library T8858 29388-29394 NN denotes screen T8855 29395-29404 VBD denotes suggested T8861 29405-29409 IN denotes that T8863 29410-29414 DT denotes some T8865 29415-29424 JJ denotes olfactory T8864 29425-29434 NNS denotes receptors T8866 29435-29438 VBP denotes are T8862 29439-29448 VBN denotes expressed T8867 29449-29451 IN denotes at T8868 29452-29465 RB denotes significantly T8869 29466-29472 JJR denotes higher T8870 29473-29479 NNS denotes levels T8871 29480-29484 IN denotes than T8872 29485-29491 NNS denotes others T8873 29491-29492 . denotes . T8874 29492-29656 sentence denotes We used quantitative PCR to show that expression levels are indeed highly variable, with one olfactory receptor expressed at almost 300 times the level of another. T8875 29493-29495 PRP denotes We T8876 29496-29500 VBD denotes used T8877 29501-29513 JJ denotes quantitative T8878 29514-29517 NN denotes PCR T8879 29518-29520 TO denotes to T8880 29521-29525 VB denotes show T8881 29526-29530 IN denotes that T8883 29531-29541 NN denotes expression T8884 29542-29548 NNS denotes levels T8882 29549-29552 VBP denotes are T8885 29553-29559 RB denotes indeed T8886 29560-29566 RB denotes highly T8887 29567-29575 JJ denotes variable T8888 29575-29577 , denotes , T8889 29577-29581 IN denotes with T8891 29582-29585 CD denotes one T8893 29586-29595 JJ denotes olfactory T8892 29596-29604 NN denotes receptor T8890 29605-29614 VBN denotes expressed T8894 29615-29617 IN denotes at T8895 29618-29624 RB denotes almost T8896 29625-29628 CD denotes 300 T8898 29629-29634 NNS denotes times T8899 29635-29638 DT denotes the T8897 29639-29644 NN denotes level T8900 29645-29647 IN denotes of T8901 29648-29655 DT denotes another T8902 29655-29656 . denotes . T8903 29656-29803 sentence denotes Higher expression levels could be due to increased transcript number per cell and/or a greater number of olfactory neurons 'choosing' those genes. T8904 29657-29663 JJR denotes Higher T8906 29664-29674 NN denotes expression T8905 29675-29681 NNS denotes levels T8908 29682-29687 MD denotes could T8907 29688-29690 VB denotes be T8909 29691-29694 IN denotes due T8910 29695-29697 IN denotes to T8911 29698-29707 VBN denotes increased T8913 29708-29718 NN denotes transcript T8912 29719-29725 NN denotes number T8914 29726-29729 IN denotes per T8915 29730-29734 NN denotes cell T8916 29735-29738 CC denotes and T8917 29738-29739 HYPH denotes / T8918 29739-29741 CC denotes or T8919 29742-29743 DT denotes a T8921 29744-29751 JJR denotes greater T8920 29752-29758 NN denotes number T8923 29759-29761 IN denotes of T8924 29762-29771 JJ denotes olfactory T8925 29772-29779 NNS denotes neurons T8926 29780-29781 `` denotes ' T8922 29781-29789 VBG denotes choosing T8927 29789-29790 '' denotes ' T8928 29791-29796 DT denotes those T8929 29797-29802 NNS denotes genes T8930 29802-29803 . denotes . T8931 29803-29899 sentence denotes For one pair of genes we tested, expression level differences appear to be due to both factors. T8932 29804-29807 IN denotes For T8934 29808-29811 CD denotes one T8935 29812-29816 NN denotes pair T8936 29817-29819 IN denotes of T8937 29820-29825 NNS denotes genes T8938 29826-29828 PRP denotes we T8939 29829-29835 VBD denotes tested T8940 29835-29837 , denotes , T8941 29837-29847 NN denotes expression T8942 29848-29853 NN denotes level T8943 29854-29865 NNS denotes differences T8933 29866-29872 VBP denotes appear T8944 29873-29875 TO denotes to T8945 29876-29878 VB denotes be T8946 29879-29882 IN denotes due T8947 29883-29885 IN denotes to T8948 29886-29890 DT denotes both T8949 29891-29898 NNS denotes factors T8950 29898-29899 . denotes . T8951 29899-30083 sentence denotes It would be interesting to collect data for additional genes to determine how the numbers of expressing cells and transcript levels per cell vary across the olfactory receptor family. T8952 29900-29902 PRP denotes It T8954 29903-29908 MD denotes would T8953 29909-29911 VB denotes be T8955 29912-29923 JJ denotes interesting T8956 29924-29926 TO denotes to T8957 29927-29934 VB denotes collect T8958 29935-29939 NNS denotes data T8959 29940-29943 IN denotes for T8960 29944-29954 JJ denotes additional T8961 29955-29960 NNS denotes genes T8962 29961-29963 TO denotes to T8963 29964-29973 VB denotes determine T8964 29974-29977 WRB denotes how T8966 29978-29981 DT denotes the T8967 29982-29989 NNS denotes numbers T8968 29990-29992 IN denotes of T8969 29993-30003 VBG denotes expressing T8970 30004-30009 NNS denotes cells T8971 30010-30013 CC denotes and T8972 30014-30024 NN denotes transcript T8973 30025-30031 NNS denotes levels T8974 30032-30035 IN denotes per T8975 30036-30040 NN denotes cell T8965 30041-30045 VBP denotes vary T8976 30046-30052 IN denotes across T8977 30053-30056 DT denotes the T8979 30057-30066 JJ denotes olfactory T8980 30067-30075 NN denotes receptor T8978 30076-30082 NN denotes family T8981 30082-30083 . denotes . T8982 30083-30375 sentence denotes Data from a number of previous studies also show that different olfactory receptor genes, or even copies of the same olfactory receptor transgene in different genomic locations are expressed in different numbers of cells [14,18,35], but do not address the issue of transcript level per cell. T8983 30084-30088 NNS denotes Data T8985 30089-30093 IN denotes from T8986 30094-30095 DT denotes a T8987 30096-30102 NN denotes number T8988 30103-30105 IN denotes of T8989 30106-30114 JJ denotes previous T8990 30115-30122 NNS denotes studies T8991 30123-30127 RB denotes also T8984 30128-30132 VBP denotes show T8992 30133-30137 IN denotes that T8994 30138-30147 JJ denotes different T8996 30148-30157 JJ denotes olfactory T8997 30158-30166 NN denotes receptor T8995 30167-30172 NNS denotes genes T8998 30172-30174 , denotes , T8999 30174-30176 CC denotes or T9000 30177-30181 RB denotes even T9001 30182-30188 NNS denotes copies T9002 30189-30191 IN denotes of T9003 30192-30195 DT denotes the T9005 30196-30200 JJ denotes same T9006 30201-30210 JJ denotes olfactory T9007 30211-30219 NN denotes receptor T9004 30220-30229 NN denotes transgene T9008 30230-30232 IN denotes in T9009 30233-30242 JJ denotes different T9011 30243-30250 JJ denotes genomic T9010 30251-30260 NNS denotes locations T9012 30261-30264 VBP denotes are T8993 30265-30274 VBN denotes expressed T9013 30275-30277 IN denotes in T9014 30278-30287 JJ denotes different T9015 30288-30295 NNS denotes numbers T9016 30296-30298 IN denotes of T9017 30299-30304 NNS denotes cells T9018 30305-30306 -LRB- denotes [ T9020 30306-30308 CD denotes 14 T9021 30308-30309 , denotes , T9022 30309-30311 CD denotes 18 T9023 30311-30312 , denotes , T9019 30312-30314 CD denotes 35 T9024 30314-30315 -RRB- denotes ] T9025 30315-30317 , denotes , T9026 30317-30320 CC denotes but T9027 30321-30323 VBP denotes do T9029 30324-30327 RB denotes not T9028 30328-30335 VB denotes address T9030 30336-30339 DT denotes the T9031 30340-30345 NN denotes issue T9032 30346-30348 IN denotes of T9033 30349-30359 NN denotes transcript T9034 30360-30365 NN denotes level T9035 30366-30369 IN denotes per T9036 30370-30374 NN denotes cell T9037 30374-30375 . denotes . T9038 30375-30565 sentence denotes The fact that some genes are chosen more frequently, and when chosen may be expressed at higher levels per cell, is intriguing given each olfactory neuron's single-allele expression regime. T9039 30376-30379 DT denotes The T9040 30380-30384 NN denotes fact T9042 30385-30389 IN denotes that T9044 30390-30394 DT denotes some T9045 30395-30400 NNS denotes genes T9046 30401-30404 VBP denotes are T9043 30405-30411 VBN denotes chosen T9047 30412-30416 RBR denotes more T9048 30417-30427 RB denotes frequently T9049 30427-30429 , denotes , T9050 30429-30432 CC denotes and T9051 30433-30437 WRB denotes when T9052 30438-30444 VBN denotes chosen T9054 30445-30448 MD denotes may T9055 30449-30451 VB denotes be T9053 30452-30461 VBN denotes expressed T9056 30462-30464 IN denotes at T9057 30465-30471 JJR denotes higher T9058 30472-30478 NNS denotes levels T9059 30479-30482 IN denotes per T9060 30483-30487 NN denotes cell T9061 30487-30489 , denotes , T9041 30489-30491 VBZ denotes is T9062 30492-30502 JJ denotes intriguing T9063 30503-30508 VBN denotes given T9064 30509-30513 DT denotes each T9066 30514-30523 JJ denotes olfactory T9065 30524-30530 NN denotes neuron T9068 30530-30532 POS denotes 's T9069 30533-30539 JJ denotes single T9071 30539-30540 HYPH denotes - T9070 30540-30546 NN denotes allele T9072 30547-30557 NN denotes expression T9067 30558-30564 NN denotes regime T9073 30564-30565 . denotes . T9074 30565-30635 sentence denotes The observation of unequal expression leads to a number of questions. T9075 30566-30569 DT denotes The T9076 30570-30581 NN denotes observation T9078 30582-30584 IN denotes of T9079 30585-30592 JJ denotes unequal T9080 30593-30603 NN denotes expression T9077 30604-30609 VBZ denotes leads T9081 30610-30612 IN denotes to T9082 30613-30614 DT denotes a T9083 30615-30621 NN denotes number T9084 30622-30624 IN denotes of T9085 30625-30634 NNS denotes questions T9086 30634-30635 . denotes . T9087 30635-30887 sentence denotes It is known that each olfactory receptor is expressed in one of four zones of the olfactory epithelium [14,15]; do some zones choose from a smaller olfactory receptor sub-repertoire and thus express each olfactory receptor in a larger number of cells? T9088 30636-30638 PRP denotes It T9090 30639-30641 VBZ denotes is T9089 30642-30647 VBN denotes known T9092 30648-30652 IN denotes that T9094 30653-30657 DT denotes each T9096 30658-30667 JJ denotes olfactory T9095 30668-30676 NN denotes receptor T9097 30677-30679 VBZ denotes is T9093 30680-30689 VBN denotes expressed T9098 30690-30692 IN denotes in T9099 30693-30696 CD denotes one T9100 30697-30699 IN denotes of T9101 30700-30704 CD denotes four T9102 30705-30710 NNS denotes zones T9103 30711-30713 IN denotes of T9104 30714-30717 DT denotes the T9106 30718-30727 JJ denotes olfactory T9105 30728-30738 NN denotes epithelium T9107 30739-30740 -LRB- denotes [ T9109 30740-30742 CD denotes 14 T9110 30742-30743 , denotes , T9108 30743-30745 CD denotes 15 T9111 30745-30746 -RRB- denotes ] T9112 30746-30747 : denotes ; T9113 30748-30750 VB denotes do T9114 30751-30755 DT denotes some T9115 30756-30761 NNS denotes zones T9091 30762-30768 VBP denotes choose T9116 30769-30773 IN denotes from T9117 30774-30775 DT denotes a T9119 30776-30783 JJR denotes smaller T9120 30784-30793 JJ denotes olfactory T9121 30794-30802 NN denotes receptor T9118 30803-30817 NN denotes sub-repertoire T9122 30818-30821 CC denotes and T9123 30822-30826 RB denotes thus T9124 30827-30834 VB denotes express T9125 30835-30839 DT denotes each T9127 30840-30849 JJ denotes olfactory T9126 30850-30858 NN denotes receptor T9128 30859-30861 IN denotes in T9129 30862-30863 DT denotes a T9131 30864-30870 JJR denotes larger T9130 30871-30877 NN denotes number T9132 30878-30880 IN denotes of T9133 30881-30886 NNS denotes cells T9134 30886-30887 . denotes ? T9135 30887-31056 sentence denotes We note that several apparently highly expressed olfactory receptors (gene A, this study, and MOR10 and MOR28 [36]) are expressed in zone 4 of the olfactory epithelium. T9136 30888-30890 PRP denotes We T9137 30891-30895 VBP denotes note T9138 30896-30900 IN denotes that T9140 30901-30908 JJ denotes several T9142 30909-30919 RB denotes apparently T9144 30920-30926 RB denotes highly T9143 30927-30936 VBN denotes expressed T9145 30937-30946 JJ denotes olfactory T9141 30947-30956 NNS denotes receptors T9146 30957-30958 -LRB- denotes ( T9147 30958-30962 NN denotes gene T9148 30963-30964 NN denotes A T9149 30964-30966 , denotes , T9151 30966-30970 DT denotes this T9150 30971-30976 NN denotes study T9152 30976-30978 , denotes , T9153 30978-30981 CC denotes and T9154 30982-30987 NN denotes MOR10 T9155 30988-30991 CC denotes and T9156 30992-30997 NN denotes MOR28 T9157 30998-30999 -LRB- denotes [ T9158 30999-31001 CD denotes 36 T9159 31001-31002 -RRB- denotes ] T9160 31002-31003 -RRB- denotes ) T9161 31004-31007 VBP denotes are T9139 31008-31017 VBN denotes expressed T9162 31018-31020 IN denotes in T9163 31021-31025 NN denotes zone T9164 31026-31027 CD denotes 4 T9165 31028-31030 IN denotes of T9166 31031-31034 DT denotes the T9168 31035-31044 JJ denotes olfactory T9167 31045-31055 NN denotes epithelium T9169 31055-31056 . denotes . T9170 31056-31219 sentence denotes Does activity-dependent neuronal competition [37] contribute to increased representation of the olfactory receptors that respond to common environmental odorants? T9171 31057-31061 VBZ denotes Does T9173 31062-31070 NN denotes activity T9175 31070-31071 HYPH denotes - T9174 31071-31080 JJ denotes dependent T9177 31081-31089 JJ denotes neuronal T9176 31090-31101 NN denotes competition T9178 31102-31103 -LRB- denotes [ T9179 31103-31105 CD denotes 37 T9180 31105-31106 -RRB- denotes ] T9172 31107-31117 VB denotes contribute T9181 31118-31120 IN denotes to T9182 31121-31130 VBN denotes increased T9183 31131-31145 NN denotes representation T9184 31146-31148 IN denotes of T9185 31149-31152 DT denotes the T9187 31153-31162 JJ denotes olfactory T9186 31163-31172 NNS denotes receptors T9188 31173-31177 WDT denotes that T9189 31178-31185 VBP denotes respond T9190 31186-31188 IN denotes to T9191 31189-31195 JJ denotes common T9193 31196-31209 JJ denotes environmental T9192 31210-31218 NNS denotes odorants T9194 31218-31219 . denotes ? T9195 31219-31288 sentence denotes Do the favored olfactory receptors have stronger promoter sequences? T9196 31220-31222 VBP denotes Do T9198 31223-31226 DT denotes the T9200 31227-31234 JJ denotes favored T9201 31235-31244 JJ denotes olfactory T9199 31245-31254 NNS denotes receptors T9197 31255-31259 VB denotes have T9202 31260-31268 JJR denotes stronger T9204 31269-31277 NN denotes promoter T9203 31278-31287 NNS denotes sequences T9205 31287-31288 . denotes ? T9206 31288-31404 sentence denotes Are some olfactory receptor mRNAs more stable than others, leading to higher transcript levels per expressing cell? T9207 31289-31292 VBP denotes Are T9208 31293-31297 DT denotes some T9210 31298-31307 JJ denotes olfactory T9211 31308-31316 NN denotes receptor T9209 31317-31322 NNS denotes mRNAs T9212 31323-31327 RBR denotes more T9213 31328-31334 JJ denotes stable T9214 31335-31339 IN denotes than T9215 31340-31346 NNS denotes others T9216 31346-31348 , denotes , T9217 31348-31355 VBG denotes leading T9218 31356-31358 IN denotes to T9219 31359-31365 JJR denotes higher T9221 31366-31376 NN denotes transcript T9220 31377-31383 NNS denotes levels T9222 31384-31387 IN denotes per T9223 31388-31398 VBG denotes expressing T9224 31399-31403 NN denotes cell T9225 31403-31404 . denotes ? T9226 31404-31514 sentence denotes Are the favored olfactory receptors in more open chromatin conformation or more accessible genomic locations? T9227 31405-31408 VBP denotes Are T9228 31409-31412 DT denotes the T9230 31413-31420 JJ denotes favored T9231 31421-31430 JJ denotes olfactory T9229 31431-31440 NNS denotes receptors T9232 31441-31443 IN denotes in T9233 31444-31448 RBR denotes more T9234 31449-31453 JJ denotes open T9236 31454-31463 NN denotes chromatin T9235 31464-31476 NN denotes conformation T9237 31477-31479 CC denotes or T9238 31480-31484 RBR denotes more T9239 31485-31495 JJ denotes accessible T9241 31496-31503 JJ denotes genomic T9240 31504-31513 NNS denotes locations T9242 31513-31514 . denotes ? T9243 31514-31918 sentence denotes Transcription of apparent 'singleton' olfactory receptor genes (0.5 Mb or more from the nearest other olfactory receptor gene) suggests that there is no absolute requirement for genomic clustering for an olfactory receptor to be transcribed, consistent with observations that small olfactory receptor transgenes can be expressed correctly when integrated outside native olfactory receptor clusters [35]. T9244 31515-31528 NN denotes Transcription T9246 31529-31531 IN denotes of T9247 31532-31540 JJ denotes apparent T9249 31541-31542 `` denotes ' T9250 31542-31551 NN denotes singleton T9251 31551-31552 '' denotes ' T9252 31553-31562 JJ denotes olfactory T9253 31563-31571 NN denotes receptor T9248 31572-31577 NNS denotes genes T9254 31578-31579 -LRB- denotes ( T9256 31579-31582 CD denotes 0.5 T9255 31583-31585 NNS denotes Mb T9257 31586-31588 CC denotes or T9258 31589-31593 JJR denotes more T9259 31594-31598 IN denotes from T9260 31599-31602 DT denotes the T9262 31603-31610 JJS denotes nearest T9263 31611-31616 JJ denotes other T9264 31617-31626 JJ denotes olfactory T9265 31627-31635 NN denotes receptor T9261 31636-31640 NN denotes gene T9266 31640-31641 -RRB- denotes ) T9245 31642-31650 VBZ denotes suggests T9267 31651-31655 IN denotes that T9269 31656-31661 EX denotes there T9268 31662-31664 VBZ denotes is T9270 31665-31667 DT denotes no T9272 31668-31676 JJ denotes absolute T9271 31677-31688 NN denotes requirement T9273 31689-31692 IN denotes for T9274 31693-31700 JJ denotes genomic T9275 31701-31711 NN denotes clustering T9276 31712-31715 IN denotes for T9278 31716-31718 DT denotes an T9280 31719-31728 JJ denotes olfactory T9279 31729-31737 NN denotes receptor T9281 31738-31740 TO denotes to T9282 31741-31743 VB denotes be T9277 31744-31755 VBN denotes transcribed T9283 31755-31757 , denotes , T9284 31757-31767 JJ denotes consistent T9285 31768-31772 IN denotes with T9286 31773-31785 NNS denotes observations T9287 31786-31790 IN denotes that T9289 31791-31796 JJ denotes small T9291 31797-31806 JJ denotes olfactory T9292 31807-31815 NN denotes receptor T9290 31816-31826 NNS denotes transgenes T9293 31827-31830 MD denotes can T9294 31831-31833 VB denotes be T9288 31834-31843 VBN denotes expressed T9295 31844-31853 RB denotes correctly T9296 31854-31858 WRB denotes when T9297 31859-31869 VBN denotes integrated T9298 31870-31877 IN denotes outside T9299 31878-31884 JJ denotes native T9301 31885-31894 JJ denotes olfactory T9302 31895-31903 NN denotes receptor T9300 31904-31912 NNS denotes clusters T9303 31913-31914 -LRB- denotes [ T9304 31914-31916 CD denotes 35 T9305 31916-31917 -RRB- denotes ] T9306 31917-31918 . denotes . T9307 31918-32187 sentence denotes However, the high pseudogene count among singleton olfactory receptor genes (50%, versus 20% for clustered olfactory receptor genes) suggests that not all genomic locations are favorable for olfactory receptor gene survival, perhaps due to transcriptional constraints. T9308 31919-31926 RB denotes However T9310 31926-31928 , denotes , T9311 31928-31931 DT denotes the T9313 31932-31936 JJ denotes high T9314 31937-31947 NN denotes pseudogene T9312 31948-31953 NN denotes count T9315 31954-31959 IN denotes among T9316 31960-31969 NN denotes singleton T9318 31970-31979 JJ denotes olfactory T9319 31980-31988 NN denotes receptor T9317 31989-31994 NNS denotes genes T9320 31995-31996 -LRB- denotes ( T9321 31996-31998 CD denotes 50 T9322 31998-31999 NN denotes % T9323 31999-32001 , denotes , T9324 32001-32007 CC denotes versus T9325 32008-32010 CD denotes 20 T9326 32010-32011 NN denotes % T9327 32012-32015 IN denotes for T9328 32016-32025 VBN denotes clustered T9330 32026-32035 JJ denotes olfactory T9331 32036-32044 NN denotes receptor T9329 32045-32050 NNS denotes genes T9332 32050-32051 -RRB- denotes ) T9309 32052-32060 VBZ denotes suggests T9333 32061-32065 IN denotes that T9335 32066-32069 RB denotes not T9337 32070-32073 DT denotes all T9338 32074-32081 JJ denotes genomic T9336 32082-32091 NNS denotes locations T9334 32092-32095 VBP denotes are T9339 32096-32105 JJ denotes favorable T9340 32106-32109 IN denotes for T9341 32110-32119 JJ denotes olfactory T9342 32120-32128 NN denotes receptor T9344 32129-32133 NN denotes gene T9343 32134-32142 NN denotes survival T9345 32142-32144 , denotes , T9346 32144-32151 RB denotes perhaps T9347 32152-32155 IN denotes due T9348 32156-32158 IN denotes to T9349 32159-32174 JJ denotes transcriptional T9350 32175-32186 NNS denotes constraints T9351 32186-32187 . denotes . T9352 32187-32450 sentence denotes It is also possible that evolutionary factors may be responsible for reduced pseudogene content of clustered olfactory receptors - gene conversion between neighboring olfactory receptors could rescue inactivating mutations in clustered genes, but not singletons. T9353 32188-32190 PRP denotes It T9354 32191-32193 VBZ denotes is T9356 32194-32198 RB denotes also T9357 32199-32207 JJ denotes possible T9358 32208-32212 IN denotes that T9360 32213-32225 JJ denotes evolutionary T9361 32226-32233 NNS denotes factors T9362 32234-32237 MD denotes may T9359 32238-32240 VB denotes be T9363 32241-32252 JJ denotes responsible T9364 32253-32256 IN denotes for T9365 32257-32264 JJ denotes reduced T9367 32265-32275 NN denotes pseudogene T9366 32276-32283 NN denotes content T9368 32284-32286 IN denotes of T9369 32287-32296 JJ denotes clustered T9371 32297-32306 JJ denotes olfactory T9370 32307-32316 NNS denotes receptors T9372 32317-32318 HYPH denotes - T9373 32319-32323 NN denotes gene T9374 32324-32334 NN denotes conversion T9375 32335-32342 IN denotes between T9376 32343-32354 VBG denotes neighboring T9378 32355-32364 JJ denotes olfactory T9377 32365-32374 NNS denotes receptors T9379 32375-32380 MD denotes could T9355 32381-32387 VB denotes rescue T9380 32388-32400 VBG denotes inactivating T9381 32401-32410 NNS denotes mutations T9382 32411-32413 IN denotes in T9383 32414-32423 JJ denotes clustered T9384 32424-32429 NNS denotes genes T9385 32429-32431 , denotes , T9386 32431-32434 CC denotes but T9387 32435-32438 RB denotes not T9388 32439-32449 NNS denotes singletons T9389 32449-32450 . denotes . T9390 32450-32659 sentence denotes Before these questions about olfactory receptor gene choice can be answered, it will be important to measure expression levels of a larger number of genes, perhaps using an olfactory receptor gene microarray. T9391 32451-32457 IN denotes Before T9393 32458-32463 DT denotes these T9394 32464-32473 NNS denotes questions T9395 32474-32479 IN denotes about T9396 32480-32489 JJ denotes olfactory T9397 32490-32498 NN denotes receptor T9398 32499-32503 NN denotes gene T9399 32504-32510 NN denotes choice T9400 32511-32514 MD denotes can T9401 32515-32517 VB denotes be T9392 32518-32526 VBN denotes answered T9403 32526-32528 , denotes , T9404 32528-32530 PRP denotes it T9405 32531-32535 MD denotes will T9402 32536-32538 VB denotes be T9406 32539-32548 JJ denotes important T9407 32549-32551 TO denotes to T9408 32552-32559 VB denotes measure T9409 32560-32570 NN denotes expression T9410 32571-32577 NNS denotes levels T9411 32578-32580 IN denotes of T9412 32581-32582 DT denotes a T9414 32583-32589 JJR denotes larger T9413 32590-32596 NN denotes number T9415 32597-32599 IN denotes of T9416 32600-32605 NNS denotes genes T9417 32605-32607 , denotes , T9418 32607-32614 RB denotes perhaps T9419 32615-32620 VBG denotes using T9420 32621-32623 DT denotes an T9422 32624-32633 JJ denotes olfactory T9423 32634-32642 NN denotes receptor T9424 32643-32647 NN denotes gene T9421 32648-32658 NN denotes microarray T9425 32658-32659 . denotes . T9426 32659-32779 sentence denotes " Our study provides at least partial data about the upstream transcript structures of over 300 olfactory receptor genes." T9427 32660-32663 PRP$ denotes Our T9428 32664-32669 NN denotes study T9429 32670-32678 VBZ denotes provides T9430 32679-32681 RB denotes at T9431 32682-32687 RBS denotes least T9432 32688-32695 JJ denotes partial T9433 32696-32700 NNS denotes data T9434 32701-32706 IN denotes about T9435 32707-32710 DT denotes the T9437 32711-32719 JJ denotes upstream T9438 32720-32730 NN denotes transcript T9436 32731-32741 NNS denotes structures T9439 32742-32744 IN denotes of T9440 32745-32749 IN denotes over T9441 32750-32753 CD denotes 300 T9443 32754-32763 JJ denotes olfactory T9444 32764-32772 NN denotes receptor T9442 32773-32778 NNS denotes genes T9445 32778-32779 . denotes . T9446 32779-33005 sentence denotes These data provide tentative locations of a large set of promoter regions, allowing computational searches for shared sequence motifs that might be involved in the intriguing transcriptional regulation of olfactory receptors. T9447 32780-32785 DT denotes These T9448 32786-32790 NNS denotes data T9449 32791-32798 VBP denotes provide T9450 32799-32808 JJ denotes tentative T9451 32809-32818 NNS denotes locations T9452 32819-32821 IN denotes of T9453 32822-32823 DT denotes a T9455 32824-32829 JJ denotes large T9454 32830-32833 NN denotes set T9456 32834-32836 IN denotes of T9457 32837-32845 NN denotes promoter T9458 32846-32853 NNS denotes regions T9459 32853-32855 , denotes , T9460 32855-32863 VBG denotes allowing T9461 32864-32877 JJ denotes computational T9462 32878-32886 NNS denotes searches T9463 32887-32890 IN denotes for T9464 32891-32897 VBN denotes shared T9466 32898-32906 NN denotes sequence T9465 32907-32913 NNS denotes motifs T9467 32914-32918 WDT denotes that T9469 32919-32924 MD denotes might T9470 32925-32927 VB denotes be T9468 32928-32936 VBN denotes involved T9471 32937-32939 IN denotes in T9472 32940-32943 DT denotes the T9474 32944-32954 JJ denotes intriguing T9475 32955-32970 JJ denotes transcriptional T9473 32971-32981 NN denotes regulation T9476 32982-32984 IN denotes of T9477 32985-32994 JJ denotes olfactory T9478 32995-33004 NNS denotes receptors T9479 33004-33005 . denotes . T9480 33005-33123 sentence denotes However, given that not all cDNAs are full-length clones, some of these candidates will not be true promoter regions. T9481 33006-33013 RB denotes However T9483 33013-33015 , denotes , T9484 33015-33020 VBN denotes given T9485 33021-33025 IN denotes that T9487 33026-33029 RB denotes not T9489 33030-33033 DT denotes all T9488 33034-33039 NNS denotes cDNAs T9486 33040-33043 VBP denotes are T9490 33044-33048 JJ denotes full T9492 33048-33049 HYPH denotes - T9491 33049-33055 NN denotes length T9493 33056-33062 NNS denotes clones T9494 33062-33064 , denotes , T9495 33064-33068 DT denotes some T9496 33069-33071 IN denotes of T9497 33072-33077 DT denotes these T9498 33078-33088 NNS denotes candidates T9499 33089-33093 MD denotes will T9500 33094-33097 RB denotes not T9482 33098-33100 VB denotes be T9501 33101-33105 JJ denotes true T9503 33106-33114 NN denotes promoter T9502 33115-33122 NNS denotes regions T9504 33122-33123 . denotes . T9505 33123-33302 sentence denotes The 5' UTR sequences we obtained will also aid in the design of experimental probes, for example, for in situ hybridizations or to immobilize on an olfactory receptor microarray. T9506 33124-33127 DT denotes The T9508 33128-33129 CD denotes 5 T9510 33129-33130 SYM denotes ' T9509 33131-33134 NN denotes UTR T9507 33135-33144 NNS denotes sequences T9512 33145-33147 PRP denotes we T9513 33148-33156 VBD denotes obtained T9514 33157-33161 MD denotes will T9515 33162-33166 RB denotes also T9511 33167-33170 VB denotes aid T9516 33171-33173 IN denotes in T9517 33174-33177 DT denotes the T9518 33178-33184 NN denotes design T9519 33185-33187 IN denotes of T9520 33188-33200 JJ denotes experimental T9521 33201-33207 NNS denotes probes T9522 33207-33209 , denotes , T9523 33209-33212 IN denotes for T9524 33213-33220 NN denotes example T9525 33220-33222 , denotes , T9526 33222-33225 IN denotes for T9527 33226-33228 FW denotes in T9528 33229-33233 FW denotes situ T9529 33234-33248 NNS denotes hybridizations T9530 33249-33251 CC denotes or T9531 33252-33254 TO denotes to T9532 33255-33265 VB denotes immobilize T9533 33266-33268 IN denotes on T9534 33269-33271 DT denotes an T9536 33272-33281 JJ denotes olfactory T9537 33282-33290 NN denotes receptor T9535 33291-33301 NN denotes microarray T9538 33301-33302 . denotes . T9539 33302-33408 sentence denotes One of the challenges of such an array will be to design unique probes with which to represent each gene. T9540 33303-33306 CD denotes One T9542 33307-33309 IN denotes of T9543 33310-33313 DT denotes the T9544 33314-33324 NNS denotes challenges T9545 33325-33327 IN denotes of T9546 33328-33332 PDT denotes such T9548 33333-33335 DT denotes an T9547 33336-33341 NN denotes array T9549 33342-33346 MD denotes will T9541 33347-33349 VB denotes be T9550 33350-33352 TO denotes to T9551 33353-33359 VB denotes design T9552 33360-33366 JJ denotes unique T9553 33367-33373 NNS denotes probes T9554 33374-33378 IN denotes with T9556 33379-33384 WDT denotes which T9557 33385-33387 TO denotes to T9555 33388-33397 VB denotes represent T9558 33398-33402 DT denotes each T9559 33403-33407 NN denotes gene T9560 33407-33408 . denotes . T9561 33408-33509 sentence denotes Often, the coding region of olfactory receptors is highly similar between recently duplicated genes. T9562 33409-33414 RB denotes Often T9564 33414-33416 , denotes , T9565 33416-33419 DT denotes the T9567 33420-33426 VBG denotes coding T9566 33427-33433 NN denotes region T9568 33434-33436 IN denotes of T9569 33437-33446 JJ denotes olfactory T9570 33447-33456 NNS denotes receptors T9563 33457-33459 VBZ denotes is T9571 33460-33466 RB denotes highly T9572 33467-33474 JJ denotes similar T9573 33475-33482 IN denotes between T9574 33483-33491 RB denotes recently T9575 33492-33502 VBN denotes duplicated T9576 33503-33508 NNS denotes genes T9577 33508-33509 . denotes . T9578 33509-33658 sentence denotes Many pairs of similar olfactory receptors show more sequence divergence in the UTRs than the protein-coding region (J.Y., unpublished observations). T9579 33510-33514 JJ denotes Many T9580 33515-33520 NNS denotes pairs T9582 33521-33523 IN denotes of T9583 33524-33531 JJ denotes similar T9585 33532-33541 JJ denotes olfactory T9584 33542-33551 NNS denotes receptors T9581 33552-33556 VBP denotes show T9586 33557-33561 JJR denotes more T9588 33562-33570 NN denotes sequence T9587 33571-33581 NN denotes divergence T9589 33582-33584 IN denotes in T9590 33585-33588 DT denotes the T9591 33589-33593 NNS denotes UTRs T9592 33594-33598 IN denotes than T9593 33599-33602 DT denotes the T9595 33603-33610 NN denotes protein T9597 33610-33611 HYPH denotes - T9596 33611-33617 VBG denotes coding T9594 33618-33624 NN denotes region T9598 33625-33626 -LRB- denotes ( T9599 33626-33630 NNP denotes J.Y. T9600 33630-33632 , denotes , T9601 33632-33643 JJ denotes unpublished T9602 33644-33656 NNS denotes observations T9603 33656-33657 -RRB- denotes ) T9604 33657-33658 . denotes . T9605 33658-33818 sentence denotes The UTRs would therefore make a better choice of sequence from which to design unique oligonucleotides to distinguish closely related olfactory receptor genes. T9606 33659-33662 DT denotes The T9607 33663-33667 NNS denotes UTRs T9609 33668-33673 MD denotes would T9610 33674-33683 RB denotes therefore T9608 33684-33688 VB denotes make T9611 33689-33690 DT denotes a T9613 33691-33697 JJR denotes better T9612 33698-33704 NN denotes choice T9614 33705-33707 IN denotes of T9615 33708-33716 NN denotes sequence T9616 33717-33721 IN denotes from T9618 33722-33727 WDT denotes which T9619 33728-33730 TO denotes to T9617 33731-33737 VB denotes design T9620 33738-33744 JJ denotes unique T9621 33745-33761 NNS denotes oligonucleotides T9622 33762-33764 TO denotes to T9623 33765-33776 VB denotes distinguish T9624 33777-33784 RB denotes closely T9625 33785-33792 JJ denotes related T9627 33793-33802 JJ denotes olfactory T9628 33803-33811 NN denotes receptor T9626 33812-33817 NNS denotes genes T9629 33817-33818 . denotes . T9630 33818-34009 sentence denotes Locations of these regions in genomic sequence are difficult to predict - our study provides 5' UTR sequences of 343 genes and the approximate 3' UTR length for 399 olfactory receptor genes. T9631 33819-33828 NNS denotes Locations T9633 33829-33831 IN denotes of T9634 33832-33837 DT denotes these T9635 33838-33845 NNS denotes regions T9636 33846-33848 IN denotes in T9637 33849-33856 JJ denotes genomic T9638 33857-33865 NN denotes sequence T9632 33866-33869 VBP denotes are T9640 33870-33879 JJ denotes difficult T9641 33880-33882 TO denotes to T9642 33883-33890 VB denotes predict T9643 33891-33892 : denotes - T9644 33893-33896 PRP$ denotes our T9645 33897-33902 NN denotes study T9639 33903-33911 VBZ denotes provides T9646 33912-33913 CD denotes 5 T9648 33913-33914 SYM denotes ' T9647 33915-33918 NN denotes UTR T9649 33919-33928 NNS denotes sequences T9650 33929-33931 IN denotes of T9651 33932-33935 CD denotes 343 T9652 33936-33941 NNS denotes genes T9653 33942-33945 CC denotes and T9654 33946-33949 DT denotes the T9656 33950-33961 JJ denotes approximate T9657 33962-33963 CD denotes 3 T9659 33963-33964 SYM denotes ' T9658 33965-33968 NN denotes UTR T9655 33969-33975 NN denotes length T9660 33976-33979 IN denotes for T9661 33980-33983 CD denotes 399 T9663 33984-33993 JJ denotes olfactory T9664 33994-34002 NN denotes receptor T9662 34003-34008 NNS denotes genes T9665 34008-34009 . denotes . T9666 34009-34319 sentence denotes Probe design must also account for the multiple transcriptional isoforms observed for many olfactory receptors - depending on the question being asked, probes could be designed in shared sequence to determine the total level of all isoforms, or in unique exons to measure the level of each isoform separately. T9667 34010-34015 NN denotes Probe T9668 34016-34022 NN denotes design T9670 34023-34027 MD denotes must T9671 34028-34032 RB denotes also T9669 34033-34040 VB denotes account T9673 34041-34044 IN denotes for T9674 34045-34048 DT denotes the T9676 34049-34057 JJ denotes multiple T9677 34058-34073 JJ denotes transcriptional T9675 34074-34082 NNS denotes isoforms T9678 34083-34091 VBN denotes observed T9679 34092-34095 IN denotes for T9680 34096-34100 JJ denotes many T9682 34101-34110 JJ denotes olfactory T9681 34111-34120 NNS denotes receptors T9683 34121-34122 : denotes - T9684 34123-34132 VBG denotes depending T9685 34133-34135 IN denotes on T9686 34136-34139 DT denotes the T9687 34140-34148 NN denotes question T9688 34149-34154 VBG denotes being T9689 34155-34160 VBD denotes asked T9690 34160-34162 , denotes , T9691 34162-34168 NNS denotes probes T9692 34169-34174 MD denotes could T9693 34175-34177 VB denotes be T9672 34178-34186 VBN denotes designed T9694 34187-34189 IN denotes in T9695 34190-34196 VBN denotes shared T9696 34197-34205 NN denotes sequence T9697 34206-34208 TO denotes to T9698 34209-34218 VB denotes determine T9699 34219-34222 DT denotes the T9701 34223-34228 JJ denotes total T9700 34229-34234 NN denotes level T9702 34235-34237 IN denotes of T9703 34238-34241 DT denotes all T9704 34242-34250 NNS denotes isoforms T9705 34250-34252 , denotes , T9706 34252-34254 CC denotes or T9707 34255-34257 IN denotes in T9708 34258-34264 JJ denotes unique T9709 34265-34270 NNS denotes exons T9710 34271-34273 TO denotes to T9711 34274-34281 VB denotes measure T9712 34282-34285 DT denotes the T9713 34286-34291 NN denotes level T9714 34292-34294 IN denotes of T9715 34295-34299 DT denotes each T9716 34300-34307 NN denotes isoform T9717 34308-34318 RB denotes separately T9718 34318-34319 . denotes . T9719 34319-34557 sentence denotes " We find that the majority of the olfactory receptors, like most non-olfactory receptor genes [38,39], are transcribed as multiple isoforms, involving alternative splicing of 5' untranslated exons and alternate polyadenylation-site usage." T9720 34320-34322 PRP denotes We T9721 34323-34327 VBP denotes find T9722 34328-34332 IN denotes that T9724 34333-34336 DT denotes the T9725 34337-34345 NN denotes majority T9726 34346-34348 IN denotes of T9727 34349-34352 DT denotes the T9729 34353-34362 JJ denotes olfactory T9728 34363-34372 NNS denotes receptors T9730 34372-34374 , denotes , T9731 34374-34378 IN denotes like T9732 34379-34383 JJS denotes most T9734 34384-34397 JJ denotes non-olfactory T9735 34398-34406 NN denotes receptor T9733 34407-34412 NNS denotes genes T9736 34413-34414 -LRB- denotes [ T9738 34414-34416 CD denotes 38 T9739 34416-34417 , denotes , T9737 34417-34419 CD denotes 39 T9740 34419-34420 -RRB- denotes ] T9741 34420-34422 , denotes , T9742 34422-34425 VBP denotes are T9723 34426-34437 VBN denotes transcribed T9743 34438-34440 IN denotes as T9744 34441-34449 JJ denotes multiple T9745 34450-34458 NNS denotes isoforms T9746 34458-34460 , denotes , T9747 34460-34469 VBG denotes involving T9748 34470-34481 JJ denotes alternative T9749 34482-34490 NN denotes splicing T9750 34491-34493 IN denotes of T9751 34494-34495 CD denotes 5 T9753 34495-34496 SYM denotes ' T9754 34497-34509 JJ denotes untranslated T9752 34510-34515 NNS denotes exons T9755 34516-34519 CC denotes and T9756 34520-34529 JJ denotes alternate T9758 34530-34545 NN denotes polyadenylation T9760 34545-34546 HYPH denotes - T9759 34546-34550 NN denotes site T9757 34551-34556 NN denotes usage T9761 34556-34557 . denotes . T9762 34557-34732 sentence denotes The act of splicing itself may be important for efficient mRNA export from the nucleus [40] or to couple olfactory receptor coding regions with genomically distant promoters. T9763 34558-34561 DT denotes The T9764 34562-34565 NN denotes act T9766 34566-34568 IN denotes of T9767 34569-34577 VBG denotes splicing T9768 34578-34584 PRP denotes itself T9769 34585-34588 MD denotes may T9765 34589-34591 VB denotes be T9770 34592-34601 JJ denotes important T9771 34602-34605 IN denotes for T9773 34606-34615 JJ denotes efficient T9775 34616-34620 NN denotes mRNA T9774 34621-34627 NN denotes export T9776 34628-34632 IN denotes from T9777 34633-34636 DT denotes the T9778 34637-34644 NN denotes nucleus T9779 34645-34646 -LRB- denotes [ T9772 34646-34648 CD denotes 40 T9780 34648-34649 -RRB- denotes ] T9781 34650-34652 CC denotes or T9782 34653-34655 TO denotes to T9783 34656-34662 VB denotes couple T9784 34663-34672 JJ denotes olfactory T9785 34673-34681 NN denotes receptor T9787 34682-34688 NN denotes coding T9786 34689-34696 NNS denotes regions T9788 34697-34701 IN denotes with T9789 34702-34713 RB denotes genomically T9790 34714-34721 JJ denotes distant T9791 34722-34731 NNS denotes promoters T9792 34731-34732 . denotes . T9793 34732-34905 sentence denotes The exact nature of the spliced transcript might be unimportant, such that several isoforms might be produced simply because multiple functional splice sites are available. T9794 34733-34736 DT denotes The T9796 34737-34742 JJ denotes exact T9795 34743-34749 NN denotes nature T9798 34750-34752 IN denotes of T9799 34753-34756 DT denotes the T9801 34757-34764 VBN denotes spliced T9800 34765-34775 NN denotes transcript T9802 34776-34781 MD denotes might T9797 34782-34784 VB denotes be T9803 34785-34796 JJ denotes unimportant T9804 34796-34798 , denotes , T9805 34798-34802 JJ denotes such T9807 34803-34807 IN denotes that T9808 34808-34815 JJ denotes several T9809 34816-34824 NNS denotes isoforms T9810 34825-34830 MD denotes might T9811 34831-34833 VB denotes be T9806 34834-34842 VBN denotes produced T9812 34843-34849 RB denotes simply T9814 34850-34857 IN denotes because T9815 34858-34866 JJ denotes multiple T9817 34867-34877 JJ denotes functional T9818 34878-34884 NN denotes splice T9816 34885-34890 NNS denotes sites T9813 34891-34894 VBP denotes are T9819 34895-34904 JJ denotes available T9820 34904-34905 . denotes . T9821 34905-35094 sentence denotes Alternatively, the multiplicity of transcriptional isoforms might have functional significance, as UTRs may contain signals controlling mRNA stability, localization or degradation [41,42]. T9822 34906-34919 RB denotes Alternatively T9824 34919-34921 , denotes , T9825 34921-34924 DT denotes the T9826 34925-34937 NN denotes multiplicity T9827 34938-34940 IN denotes of T9828 34941-34956 JJ denotes transcriptional T9829 34957-34965 NNS denotes isoforms T9830 34966-34971 MD denotes might T9823 34972-34976 VB denotes have T9831 34977-34987 JJ denotes functional T9832 34988-35000 NN denotes significance T9833 35000-35002 , denotes , T9834 35002-35004 IN denotes as T9836 35005-35009 NNS denotes UTRs T9837 35010-35013 MD denotes may T9835 35014-35021 VB denotes contain T9838 35022-35029 NNS denotes signals T9839 35030-35041 VBG denotes controlling T9840 35042-35046 NN denotes mRNA T9841 35047-35056 NN denotes stability T9842 35056-35058 , denotes , T9843 35058-35070 NN denotes localization T9844 35071-35073 CC denotes or T9845 35074-35085 NN denotes degradation T9846 35086-35087 -LRB- denotes [ T9848 35087-35089 CD denotes 41 T9849 35089-35090 , denotes , T9847 35090-35092 CD denotes 42 T9850 35092-35093 -RRB- denotes ] T9851 35093-35094 . denotes . T9852 35094-35226 sentence denotes " Our study shows that about 5% of olfactory receptor transcripts do not fit the current notion of olfactory receptor gene structure." T9853 35095-35098 PRP$ denotes Our T9854 35099-35104 NN denotes study T9855 35105-35110 VBZ denotes shows T9856 35111-35115 IN denotes that T9858 35116-35121 IN denotes about T9859 35122-35123 CD denotes 5 T9860 35123-35124 NN denotes % T9861 35125-35127 IN denotes of T9862 35128-35137 JJ denotes olfactory T9863 35138-35146 NN denotes receptor T9864 35147-35158 NNS denotes transcripts T9865 35159-35161 VBP denotes do T9866 35162-35165 RB denotes not T9857 35166-35169 VB denotes fit T9867 35170-35173 DT denotes the T9869 35174-35181 JJ denotes current T9868 35182-35188 NN denotes notion T9870 35189-35191 IN denotes of T9871 35192-35201 JJ denotes olfactory T9872 35202-35210 NN denotes receptor T9873 35211-35215 NN denotes gene T9874 35216-35225 NN denotes structure T9875 35225-35226 . denotes . T9876 35226-35296 sentence denotes Occasionally, an intron is spliced out of the 3' untranslated region. T9877 35227-35239 RB denotes Occasionally T9879 35239-35241 , denotes , T9880 35241-35243 DT denotes an T9881 35244-35250 NN denotes intron T9882 35251-35253 VBZ denotes is T9878 35254-35261 VBN denotes spliced T9883 35262-35265 IN denotes out T9884 35266-35268 IN denotes of T9885 35269-35272 DT denotes the T9887 35273-35274 CD denotes 3 T9888 35274-35275 SYM denotes ' T9889 35276-35288 JJ denotes untranslated T9886 35289-35295 NN denotes region T9890 35295-35296 . denotes . T9891 35296-35476 sentence denotes A number of cDNAs use splice sites within the olfactory receptor's ORF, meaning that their protein product is different from that predicted on the basis of genomic sequence alone. T9892 35297-35298 DT denotes A T9893 35299-35305 NN denotes number T9895 35306-35308 IN denotes of T9896 35309-35314 NNS denotes cDNAs T9894 35315-35318 VBP denotes use T9897 35319-35325 NN denotes splice T9898 35326-35331 NNS denotes sites T9899 35332-35338 IN denotes within T9900 35339-35342 DT denotes the T9902 35343-35352 JJ denotes olfactory T9901 35353-35361 NN denotes receptor T9904 35361-35363 POS denotes 's T9903 35364-35367 NN denotes ORF T9905 35367-35369 , denotes , T9906 35369-35376 VBG denotes meaning T9907 35377-35381 IN denotes that T9909 35382-35387 PRP$ denotes their T9911 35388-35395 NN denotes protein T9910 35396-35403 NN denotes product T9908 35404-35406 VBZ denotes is T9912 35407-35416 JJ denotes different T9913 35417-35421 IN denotes from T9914 35422-35426 DT denotes that T9915 35427-35436 VBN denotes predicted T9916 35437-35439 IN denotes on T9917 35440-35443 DT denotes the T9918 35444-35449 NN denotes basis T9919 35450-35452 IN denotes of T9920 35453-35460 JJ denotes genomic T9921 35461-35469 NN denotes sequence T9922 35470-35475 RB denotes alone T9923 35475-35476 . denotes . T9924 35476-35729 sentence denotes In two such cases, the transcript would encode a functional olfactory receptor, with the initiating methionine and first few amino acids encoded by an upstream exon, as has been observed previously for a subtelomeric human olfactory receptor gene [25]. T9925 35477-35479 IN denotes In T9927 35480-35483 CD denotes two T9929 35484-35488 JJ denotes such T9928 35489-35494 NNS denotes cases T9930 35494-35496 , denotes , T9931 35496-35499 DT denotes the T9932 35500-35510 NN denotes transcript T9933 35511-35516 MD denotes would T9926 35517-35523 VB denotes encode T9934 35524-35525 DT denotes a T9936 35526-35536 JJ denotes functional T9937 35537-35546 JJ denotes olfactory T9935 35547-35555 NN denotes receptor T9938 35555-35557 , denotes , T9939 35557-35561 IN denotes with T9941 35562-35565 DT denotes the T9943 35566-35576 VBG denotes initiating T9942 35577-35587 NN denotes methionine T9944 35588-35591 CC denotes and T9945 35592-35597 JJ denotes first T9947 35598-35601 JJ denotes few T9948 35602-35607 NN denotes amino T9946 35608-35613 NNS denotes acids T9940 35614-35621 VBN denotes encoded T9949 35622-35624 IN denotes by T9950 35625-35627 DT denotes an T9952 35628-35636 JJ denotes upstream T9951 35637-35641 NN denotes exon T9953 35641-35643 , denotes , T9954 35643-35645 IN denotes as T9956 35646-35649 VBZ denotes has T9957 35650-35654 VBN denotes been T9955 35655-35663 VBN denotes observed T9958 35664-35674 RB denotes previously T9959 35675-35678 IN denotes for T9960 35679-35680 DT denotes a T9962 35681-35693 JJ denotes subtelomeric T9963 35694-35699 JJ denotes human T9964 35700-35709 JJ denotes olfactory T9965 35710-35718 NN denotes receptor T9961 35719-35723 NN denotes gene T9966 35724-35725 -LRB- denotes [ T9967 35725-35727 CD denotes 25 T9968 35727-35728 -RRB- denotes ] T9969 35728-35729 . denotes . T9970 35729-35928 sentence denotes Such within-ORF splicing might increase protein-coding diversity, although, given the small number of genes involved, splicing is unlikely to significantly affect the functional receptor repertoire. T9971 35730-35734 JJ denotes Such T9973 35735-35741 IN denotes within T9974 35741-35742 HYPH denotes - T9975 35742-35745 NN denotes ORF T9972 35746-35754 NN denotes splicing T9977 35755-35760 MD denotes might T9976 35761-35769 VB denotes increase T9978 35770-35777 NN denotes protein T9980 35777-35778 HYPH denotes - T9979 35778-35784 VBG denotes coding T9981 35785-35794 NN denotes diversity T9982 35794-35796 , denotes , T9983 35796-35804 IN denotes although T9985 35804-35806 , denotes , T9986 35806-35811 VBN denotes given T9987 35812-35815 DT denotes the T9989 35816-35821 JJ denotes small T9988 35822-35828 NN denotes number T9990 35829-35831 IN denotes of T9991 35832-35837 NNS denotes genes T9992 35838-35846 VBN denotes involved T9993 35846-35848 , denotes , T9994 35848-35856 NN denotes splicing T9984 35857-35859 VBZ denotes is T9995 35860-35868 JJ denotes unlikely T9996 35869-35871 TO denotes to T9998 35872-35885 RB denotes significantly T9997 35886-35892 VB denotes affect T9999 35893-35896 DT denotes the T10001 35897-35907 JJ denotes functional T10002 35908-35916 NN denotes receptor T10000 35917-35927 NN denotes repertoire T10003 35927-35928 . denotes . T10004 35928-36147 sentence denotes Most of the atypical splice forms we observe appear to encode non-functional transcripts, containing frameshifts or lacking a start codon or other functional residues conserved throughout the olfactory receptor family. T10005 35929-35933 JJS denotes Most T10007 35934-35936 IN denotes of T10008 35937-35940 DT denotes the T10010 35941-35949 JJ denotes atypical T10011 35950-35956 NN denotes splice T10009 35957-35962 NNS denotes forms T10012 35963-35965 PRP denotes we T10013 35966-35973 VBP denotes observe T10006 35974-35980 VBP denotes appear T10014 35981-35983 TO denotes to T10015 35984-35990 VB denotes encode T10016 35991-36005 JJ denotes non-functional T10017 36006-36017 NNS denotes transcripts T10018 36017-36019 , denotes , T10019 36019-36029 VBG denotes containing T10020 36030-36041 NNS denotes frameshifts T10021 36042-36044 CC denotes or T10022 36045-36052 VBG denotes lacking T10023 36053-36054 DT denotes a T10025 36055-36060 NN denotes start T10024 36061-36066 NN denotes codon T10026 36067-36069 CC denotes or T10027 36070-36075 JJ denotes other T10029 36076-36086 JJ denotes functional T10028 36087-36095 NNS denotes residues T10030 36096-36105 VBN denotes conserved T10031 36106-36116 IN denotes throughout T10032 36117-36120 DT denotes the T10034 36121-36130 JJ denotes olfactory T10035 36131-36139 NN denotes receptor T10033 36140-36146 NN denotes family T10036 36146-36147 . denotes . T10037 36147-36310 sentence denotes These nonfunctional transcripts are probably aberrant by-products of the splicing system [43] that have not yet been degraded by RNA surveillance systems [40,41]. T10038 36148-36153 DT denotes These T10040 36154-36167 JJ denotes nonfunctional T10039 36168-36179 NNS denotes transcripts T10041 36180-36183 VBP denotes are T10042 36184-36192 RB denotes probably T10043 36193-36201 JJ denotes aberrant T10045 36202-36204 NN denotes by T10046 36204-36205 HYPH denotes - T10044 36205-36213 NNS denotes products T10047 36214-36216 IN denotes of T10048 36217-36220 DT denotes the T10050 36221-36229 NN denotes splicing T10049 36230-36236 NN denotes system T10051 36237-36238 -LRB- denotes [ T10052 36238-36240 CD denotes 43 T10053 36240-36241 -RRB- denotes ] T10054 36242-36246 WDT denotes that T10056 36247-36251 VBP denotes have T10057 36252-36255 RB denotes not T10058 36256-36259 RB denotes yet T10059 36260-36264 VBN denotes been T10055 36265-36273 VBN denotes degraded T10060 36274-36276 IN denotes by T10061 36277-36280 NN denotes RNA T10063 36281-36293 NN denotes surveillance T10062 36294-36301 NNS denotes systems T10064 36302-36303 -LRB- denotes [ T10066 36303-36305 CD denotes 40 T10067 36305-36306 , denotes , T10065 36306-36308 CD denotes 41 T10068 36308-36309 -RRB- denotes ] T10069 36309-36310 . denotes . T10070 36310-36464 sentence denotes The neurons expressing these aberrant transcripts might also make normal transcripts for the same genes and thus produce a functional olfactory receptor. T10071 36311-36314 DT denotes The T10072 36315-36322 NNS denotes neurons T10074 36323-36333 VBG denotes expressing T10075 36334-36339 DT denotes these T10077 36340-36348 JJ denotes aberrant T10076 36349-36360 NNS denotes transcripts T10078 36361-36366 MD denotes might T10079 36367-36371 RB denotes also T10073 36372-36376 VB denotes make T10080 36377-36383 JJ denotes normal T10081 36384-36395 NNS denotes transcripts T10082 36396-36399 IN denotes for T10083 36400-36403 DT denotes the T10085 36404-36408 JJ denotes same T10084 36409-36414 NNS denotes genes T10086 36415-36418 CC denotes and T10087 36419-36423 RB denotes thus T10088 36424-36431 VB denotes produce T10089 36432-36433 DT denotes a T10091 36434-36444 JJ denotes functional T10092 36445-36454 JJ denotes olfactory T10090 36455-36463 NN denotes receptor T10093 36463-36464 . denotes . T10094 36464-36753 sentence denotes Alternatively, the unusual transcriptional regulation of olfactory receptors might ensure that only one splice isoform is expressed per cell (unlikely, but possible if an RNA-based feedback mechanism operates), thus condemning cells expressing these aberrant isoforms to be dysfunctional. T10095 36465-36478 RB denotes Alternatively T10097 36478-36480 , denotes , T10098 36480-36483 DT denotes the T10100 36484-36491 JJ denotes unusual T10101 36492-36507 JJ denotes transcriptional T10099 36508-36518 NN denotes regulation T10102 36519-36521 IN denotes of T10103 36522-36531 JJ denotes olfactory T10104 36532-36541 NNS denotes receptors T10105 36542-36547 MD denotes might T10096 36548-36554 VB denotes ensure T10106 36555-36559 IN denotes that T10108 36560-36564 RB denotes only T10110 36565-36568 CD denotes one T10111 36569-36575 NN denotes splice T10109 36576-36583 NN denotes isoform T10112 36584-36586 VBZ denotes is T10107 36587-36596 VBN denotes expressed T10113 36597-36600 IN denotes per T10114 36601-36605 NN denotes cell T10115 36606-36607 -LRB- denotes ( T10116 36607-36615 JJ denotes unlikely T10117 36615-36617 , denotes , T10118 36617-36620 CC denotes but T10119 36621-36629 JJ denotes possible T10120 36630-36632 IN denotes if T10122 36633-36635 DT denotes an T10124 36636-36639 NN denotes RNA T10126 36639-36640 HYPH denotes - T10125 36640-36645 VBN denotes based T10127 36646-36654 NN denotes feedback T10123 36655-36664 NN denotes mechanism T10121 36665-36673 VBZ denotes operates T10128 36673-36674 -RRB- denotes ) T10129 36674-36676 , denotes , T10130 36676-36680 RB denotes thus T10131 36681-36691 VBG denotes condemning T10132 36692-36697 NNS denotes cells T10134 36698-36708 VBG denotes expressing T10135 36709-36714 DT denotes these T10137 36715-36723 JJ denotes aberrant T10136 36724-36732 NNS denotes isoforms T10138 36733-36735 TO denotes to T10133 36736-36738 VB denotes be T10139 36739-36752 JJ denotes dysfunctional T10140 36752-36753 . denotes . T10141 36753-36916 sentence denotes " We also observe transcripts from a small number of olfactory receptor pseudogenes, as previously described for three human olfactory receptor pseudogenes [26,44]." T10142 36754-36756 PRP denotes We T10144 36757-36761 RB denotes also T10143 36762-36769 VBP denotes observe T10145 36770-36781 NNS denotes transcripts T10146 36782-36786 IN denotes from T10147 36787-36788 DT denotes a T10149 36789-36794 JJ denotes small T10148 36795-36801 NN denotes number T10150 36802-36804 IN denotes of T10151 36805-36814 JJ denotes olfactory T10152 36815-36823 NN denotes receptor T10153 36824-36835 NNS denotes pseudogenes T10154 36835-36837 , denotes , T10155 36837-36839 IN denotes as T10157 36840-36850 RB denotes previously T10156 36851-36860 VBN denotes described T10158 36861-36864 IN denotes for T10159 36865-36870 CD denotes three T10161 36871-36876 JJ denotes human T10162 36877-36886 JJ denotes olfactory T10163 36887-36895 NN denotes receptor T10160 36896-36907 NNS denotes pseudogenes T10164 36908-36909 -LRB- denotes [ T10166 36909-36911 CD denotes 26 T10167 36911-36912 , denotes , T10165 36912-36914 CD denotes 44 T10168 36914-36915 -RRB- denotes ] T10169 36915-36916 . denotes . T10170 36916-37190 sentence denotes Although many fewer pseudogenes than intact genes were represented in our cDNA collection, some neurons in the olfactory epithelium evidently express disrupted olfactory receptors and thus might be unable to respond to odorants or to correctly innervate the olfactory bulb. T10171 36917-36925 IN denotes Although T10173 36926-36930 JJ denotes many T10174 36931-36936 JJR denotes fewer T10175 36937-36948 NNS denotes pseudogenes T10176 36949-36953 IN denotes than T10177 36954-36960 JJ denotes intact T10178 36961-36966 NNS denotes genes T10179 36967-36971 VBD denotes were T10172 36972-36983 VBN denotes represented T10181 36984-36986 IN denotes in T10182 36987-36990 PRP$ denotes our T10184 36991-36995 NN denotes cDNA T10183 36996-37006 NN denotes collection T10185 37006-37008 , denotes , T10186 37008-37012 DT denotes some T10187 37013-37020 NNS denotes neurons T10188 37021-37023 IN denotes in T10189 37024-37027 DT denotes the T10191 37028-37037 JJ denotes olfactory T10190 37038-37048 NN denotes epithelium T10192 37049-37058 RB denotes evidently T10180 37059-37066 VBP denotes express T10193 37067-37076 JJ denotes disrupted T10195 37077-37086 JJ denotes olfactory T10194 37087-37096 NNS denotes receptors T10196 37097-37100 CC denotes and T10197 37101-37105 RB denotes thus T10199 37106-37111 MD denotes might T10198 37112-37114 VB denotes be T10200 37115-37121 JJ denotes unable T10201 37122-37124 TO denotes to T10202 37125-37132 VB denotes respond T10203 37133-37135 IN denotes to T10204 37136-37144 NNS denotes odorants T10205 37145-37147 CC denotes or T10206 37148-37150 TO denotes to T10208 37151-37160 RB denotes correctly T10207 37161-37170 VB denotes innervate T10209 37171-37174 DT denotes the T10211 37175-37184 JJ denotes olfactory T10210 37185-37189 NN denotes bulb T10212 37189-37190 . denotes . T10213 37190-37462 sentence denotes Wang, Axel and coworkers have shown that an artificial transgenic olfactory receptor gene containing two nonsense mutations can support development of an olfactory neuron, but that pseudogene-expressing neurons fail to converge on a glomerulus in the olfactory bulb [45]. T10214 37191-37195 NNP denotes Wang T10216 37195-37197 , denotes , T10217 37197-37201 NNP denotes Axel T10218 37202-37205 CC denotes and T10219 37206-37215 NNS denotes coworkers T10220 37216-37220 VBP denotes have T10215 37221-37226 VBN denotes shown T10221 37227-37231 IN denotes that T10223 37232-37234 DT denotes an T10225 37235-37245 JJ denotes artificial T10226 37246-37256 JJ denotes transgenic T10227 37257-37266 JJ denotes olfactory T10228 37267-37275 NN denotes receptor T10224 37276-37280 NN denotes gene T10229 37281-37291 VBG denotes containing T10230 37292-37295 CD denotes two T10232 37296-37304 JJ denotes nonsense T10231 37305-37314 NNS denotes mutations T10233 37315-37318 MD denotes can T10222 37319-37326 VB denotes support T10234 37327-37338 NN denotes development T10235 37339-37341 IN denotes of T10236 37342-37344 DT denotes an T10238 37345-37354 JJ denotes olfactory T10237 37355-37361 NN denotes neuron T10239 37361-37363 , denotes , T10240 37363-37366 CC denotes but T10241 37367-37371 IN denotes that T10243 37372-37382 NN denotes pseudogene T10245 37382-37383 HYPH denotes - T10244 37383-37393 VBG denotes expressing T10246 37394-37401 NNS denotes neurons T10242 37402-37406 VBP denotes fail T10247 37407-37409 TO denotes to T10248 37410-37418 VB denotes converge T10249 37419-37421 IN denotes on T10250 37422-37423 DT denotes a T10251 37424-37434 NN denotes glomerulus T10252 37435-37437 IN denotes in T10253 37438-37441 DT denotes the T10255 37442-37451 JJ denotes olfactory T10254 37452-37456 NN denotes bulb T10256 37457-37458 -LRB- denotes [ T10257 37458-37460 CD denotes 45 T10258 37460-37461 -RRB- denotes ] T10259 37461-37462 . denotes . T10260 37462-37797 sentence denotes By analogy with an olfactory receptor deletion mutant [45], it is likely that most pseudogene-expressing neurons die or switch to express a different olfactory receptor gene, leaving a small number of pseudogene-expressing neurons in adult mice, but at greatly reduced levels compared to neurons expressing intact olfactory receptors. T10261 37463-37465 IN denotes By T10263 37466-37473 NN denotes analogy T10264 37474-37478 IN denotes with T10265 37479-37481 DT denotes an T10267 37482-37491 JJ denotes olfactory T10268 37492-37500 NN denotes receptor T10269 37501-37509 NN denotes deletion T10266 37510-37516 NN denotes mutant T10270 37517-37518 -LRB- denotes [ T10271 37518-37520 CD denotes 45 T10272 37520-37521 -RRB- denotes ] T10273 37521-37523 , denotes , T10274 37523-37525 PRP denotes it T10262 37526-37528 VBZ denotes is T10275 37529-37535 JJ denotes likely T10276 37536-37540 IN denotes that T10278 37541-37545 JJS denotes most T10280 37546-37556 NN denotes pseudogene T10282 37556-37557 HYPH denotes - T10281 37557-37567 VBG denotes expressing T10279 37568-37575 NNS denotes neurons T10277 37576-37579 VBP denotes die T10283 37580-37582 CC denotes or T10284 37583-37589 VBP denotes switch T10285 37590-37592 TO denotes to T10286 37593-37600 VB denotes express T10287 37601-37602 DT denotes a T10289 37603-37612 JJ denotes different T10290 37613-37622 JJ denotes olfactory T10291 37623-37631 NN denotes receptor T10288 37632-37636 NN denotes gene T10292 37636-37638 , denotes , T10293 37638-37645 VBG denotes leaving T10294 37646-37647 DT denotes a T10296 37648-37653 JJ denotes small T10295 37654-37660 NN denotes number T10297 37661-37663 IN denotes of T10298 37664-37674 NN denotes pseudogene T10300 37674-37675 HYPH denotes - T10299 37675-37685 VBG denotes expressing T10301 37686-37693 NNS denotes neurons T10302 37694-37696 IN denotes in T10303 37697-37702 JJ denotes adult T10304 37703-37707 NNS denotes mice T10305 37707-37709 , denotes , T10306 37709-37712 CC denotes but T10307 37713-37715 IN denotes at T10308 37716-37723 RB denotes greatly T10309 37724-37731 VBN denotes reduced T10310 37732-37738 NNS denotes levels T10311 37739-37747 VBN denotes compared T10312 37748-37750 IN denotes to T10313 37751-37758 NNS denotes neurons T10314 37759-37769 VBG denotes expressing T10315 37770-37776 JJ denotes intact T10317 37777-37786 JJ denotes olfactory T10316 37787-37796 NNS denotes receptors T10318 37796-37797 . denotes . T10408 37811-37814 PRP$ denotes Our T10409 37815-37820 NN denotes study T10411 37821-37824 VBZ denotes has T10410 37825-37833 VBN denotes provided T10412 37834-37836 DT denotes an T10414 37837-37846 JJ denotes olfactory T10415 37847-37855 NN denotes receptor T10416 37856-37860 NN denotes cDNA T10413 37861-37869 NN denotes resource T10417 37870-37882 VBG denotes representing T10418 37883-37887 IN denotes over T10419 37888-37891 CD denotes one T10420 37891-37892 HYPH denotes - T10421 37892-37897 JJ denotes third T10422 37898-37900 IN denotes of T10423 37901-37904 DT denotes the T10425 37905-37914 JJ denotes olfactory T10426 37915-37923 NN denotes receptor T10427 37924-37928 NN denotes gene T10424 37929-37935 NN denotes family T10428 37935-37936 . denotes . T10429 37936-38035 sentence denotes We have thus established over 400 annotated olfactory receptor genes as having olfactory function. T10430 37937-37939 PRP denotes We T10432 37940-37944 VBP denotes have T10433 37945-37949 RB denotes thus T10431 37950-37961 VBN denotes established T10434 37962-37966 IN denotes over T10435 37967-37970 CD denotes 400 T10437 37971-37980 JJ denotes annotated T10438 37981-37990 JJ denotes olfactory T10439 37991-37999 NN denotes receptor T10436 38000-38005 NNS denotes genes T10440 38006-38008 IN denotes as T10441 38009-38015 VBG denotes having T10442 38016-38025 JJ denotes olfactory T10443 38026-38034 NN denotes function T10444 38034-38035 . denotes . T10445 38035-38169 sentence denotes The sequences we generated demonstrate that the majority of the olfactory receptor gene family has multiple transcriptional isoforms. T10446 38036-38039 DT denotes The T10447 38040-38049 NNS denotes sequences T10449 38050-38052 PRP denotes we T10450 38053-38062 VBD denotes generated T10448 38063-38074 VBP denotes demonstrate T10451 38075-38079 IN denotes that T10453 38080-38083 DT denotes the T10454 38084-38092 NN denotes majority T10455 38093-38095 IN denotes of T10456 38096-38099 DT denotes the T10458 38100-38109 JJ denotes olfactory T10459 38110-38118 NN denotes receptor T10460 38119-38123 NN denotes gene T10457 38124-38130 NN denotes family T10452 38131-38134 VBZ denotes has T10461 38135-38143 JJ denotes multiple T10463 38144-38159 JJ denotes transcriptional T10462 38160-38168 NNS denotes isoforms T10464 38168-38169 . denotes . T10465 38169-38264 sentence denotes Most olfactory receptor transcripts encode functional receptor proteins, with rare exceptions. T10466 38170-38174 RBS denotes Most T10468 38175-38184 JJ denotes olfactory T10469 38185-38193 NN denotes receptor T10467 38194-38205 NNS denotes transcripts T10470 38206-38212 VBP denotes encode T10471 38213-38223 JJ denotes functional T10473 38224-38232 NN denotes receptor T10472 38233-38241 NN denotes proteins T10474 38241-38243 , denotes , T10475 38243-38247 IN denotes with T10476 38248-38252 JJ denotes rare T10477 38253-38263 NNS denotes exceptions T10478 38263-38264 . denotes . T10479 38264-38476 sentence denotes We show that individual olfactory receptor genes can have vastly different expression levels, an intriguing finding in light of the unusual one-neuron one-gene transcriptional regime of the olfactory epithelium. T10480 38265-38267 PRP denotes We T10481 38268-38272 VBP denotes show T10482 38273-38277 IN denotes that T10484 38278-38288 JJ denotes individual T10486 38289-38298 JJ denotes olfactory T10487 38299-38307 NN denotes receptor T10485 38308-38313 NNS denotes genes T10488 38314-38317 MD denotes can T10483 38318-38322 VB denotes have T10489 38323-38329 RB denotes vastly T10490 38330-38339 JJ denotes different T10492 38340-38350 NN denotes expression T10491 38351-38357 NNS denotes levels T10493 38357-38359 , denotes , T10494 38359-38361 DT denotes an T10496 38362-38372 JJ denotes intriguing T10495 38373-38380 NN denotes finding T10497 38381-38383 IN denotes in T10498 38384-38389 NN denotes light T10499 38390-38392 IN denotes of T10500 38393-38396 DT denotes the T10502 38397-38404 JJ denotes unusual T10503 38405-38408 CD denotes one T10505 38408-38409 HYPH denotes - T10504 38409-38415 NN denotes neuron T10506 38416-38419 CD denotes one T10508 38419-38420 HYPH denotes - T10507 38420-38424 NN denotes gene T10509 38425-38440 JJ denotes transcriptional T10501 38441-38447 NN denotes regime T10510 38448-38450 IN denotes of T10511 38451-38454 DT denotes the T10513 38455-38464 JJ denotes olfactory T10512 38465-38475 NN denotes epithelium T10514 38475-38476 . denotes . T10515 38476-38625 sentence denotes Our results and the sequences we provide will facilitate future global studies of the mechanisms and dynamics of olfactory receptor gene expression. T10516 38477-38480 PRP$ denotes Our T10517 38481-38488 NNS denotes results T10519 38489-38492 CC denotes and T10520 38493-38496 DT denotes the T10521 38497-38506 NNS denotes sequences T10522 38507-38509 PRP denotes we T10523 38510-38517 VBP denotes provide T10524 38518-38522 MD denotes will T10518 38523-38533 VB denotes facilitate T10525 38534-38540 JJ denotes future T10527 38541-38547 JJ denotes global T10526 38548-38555 NNS denotes studies T10528 38556-38558 IN denotes of T10529 38559-38562 DT denotes the T10530 38563-38573 NNS denotes mechanisms T10531 38574-38577 CC denotes and T10532 38578-38586 NNS denotes dynamics T10533 38587-38589 IN denotes of T10534 38590-38599 JJ denotes olfactory T10535 38600-38608 NN denotes receptor T10536 38609-38613 NN denotes gene T10537 38614-38624 NN denotes expression T10538 38624-38625 . denotes . T10657 38650-38664 NN denotes Identification T10658 38665-38667 IN denotes of T10659 38668-38677 JJ denotes olfactory T10660 38678-38686 NN denotes receptor T10661 38687-38692 NNS denotes cDNAs T10662 38692-39016 sentence denotes " An adult mouse cDNA library made from the olfactory epithelium of a single animal was provided by Leslie Vosshall (Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA), and an embryonic library (made from the olfactory epithelia of several E16.5-E18.5 embryos) was provided by Tyler Cutforth (Columbia University, New York, NY, USA)." T10663 38693-38695 DT denotes An T10665 38696-38701 JJ denotes adult T10666 38702-38707 NN denotes mouse T10667 38708-38712 NN denotes cDNA T10664 38713-38720 NN denotes library T10669 38721-38725 VBN denotes made T10670 38726-38730 IN denotes from T10671 38731-38734 DT denotes the T10673 38735-38744 JJ denotes olfactory T10672 38745-38755 NN denotes epithelium T10674 38756-38758 IN denotes of T10675 38759-38760 DT denotes a T10677 38761-38767 JJ denotes single T10676 38768-38774 NN denotes animal T10678 38775-38778 VBD denotes was T10668 38779-38787 VBN denotes provided T10679 38788-38790 IN denotes by T10680 38791-38797 NNP denotes Leslie T10681 38798-38806 NNP denotes Vosshall T10682 38807-38808 -LRB- denotes ( T10684 38808-38819 NNP denotes Rockefeller T10683 38820-38830 NNP denotes University T10685 38830-38832 , denotes , T10686 38832-38835 NNP denotes New T10687 38836-38840 NNP denotes York T10688 38840-38842 , denotes , T10689 38842-38844 NNP denotes NY T10690 38844-38846 , denotes , T10691 38846-38849 NNP denotes USA T10692 38849-38850 -RRB- denotes ) T10693 38850-38852 , denotes , T10694 38852-38855 CC denotes and T10695 38856-38858 DT denotes an T10697 38859-38868 JJ denotes embryonic T10696 38869-38876 NN denotes library T10699 38877-38878 -LRB- denotes ( T10700 38878-38882 VBN denotes made T10701 38883-38887 IN denotes from T10702 38888-38891 DT denotes the T10704 38892-38901 JJ denotes olfactory T10703 38902-38911 NNS denotes epithelia T10705 38912-38914 IN denotes of T10706 38915-38922 JJ denotes several T10708 38923-38928 NN denotes E16.5 T10710 38928-38929 HYPH denotes - T10709 38929-38934 NN denotes E18.5 T10707 38935-38942 NNS denotes embryos T10711 38942-38943 -RRB- denotes ) T10712 38944-38947 VBD denotes was T10698 38948-38956 VBN denotes provided T10713 38957-38959 IN denotes by T10714 38960-38965 NNP denotes Tyler T10715 38966-38974 NNP denotes Cutforth T10716 38975-38976 -LRB- denotes ( T10718 38976-38984 NNP denotes Columbia T10717 38985-38995 NNP denotes University T10719 38995-38997 , denotes , T10720 38997-39000 NNP denotes New T10721 39001-39005 NNP denotes York T10722 39005-39007 , denotes , T10723 39007-39009 NNP denotes NY T10724 39009-39011 , denotes , T10725 39011-39014 NNP denotes USA T10726 39014-39015 -RRB- denotes ) T10727 39015-39016 . denotes . T10728 39016-39139 sentence denotes Both libraries were oligo-dT primed and directionally cloned into the lambdaZAP-XR vector (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA, USA). T10729 39017-39021 DT denotes Both T10730 39022-39031 NNS denotes libraries T10732 39032-39036 VBD denotes were T10733 39037-39042 NN denotes oligo T10734 39042-39043 HYPH denotes - T10735 39043-39045 NN denotes dT T10731 39046-39052 VBN denotes primed T10736 39053-39056 CC denotes and T10737 39057-39070 RB denotes directionally T10738 39071-39077 VBN denotes cloned T10739 39078-39082 IN denotes into T10740 39083-39086 DT denotes the T10742 39087-39096 NN denotes lambdaZAP T10744 39096-39097 HYPH denotes - T10743 39097-39099 NN denotes XR T10741 39100-39106 NN denotes vector T10745 39107-39108 -LRB- denotes ( T10746 39108-39118 NNP denotes Stratagene T10747 39118-39120 , denotes , T10748 39120-39122 NNP denotes La T10749 39123-39128 NNP denotes Jolla T10750 39128-39130 , denotes , T10751 39130-39132 NNP denotes CA T10752 39132-39134 , denotes , T10753 39134-39137 NNP denotes USA T10754 39137-39138 -RRB- denotes ) T10755 39138-39139 . denotes . T10756 39139-39261 sentence denotes The adult library has a complexity of 6.5 × 106 primary clones, and the embryonic library has a complexity of 1.65 × 106. T10757 39140-39143 DT denotes The T10759 39144-39149 JJ denotes adult T10758 39150-39157 NN denotes library T10760 39158-39161 VBZ denotes has T10761 39162-39163 DT denotes a T10762 39164-39174 NN denotes complexity T10763 39175-39177 IN denotes of T10764 39178-39181 CD denotes 6.5 T10766 39182-39183 SYM denotes × T10765 39184-39187 CD denotes 106 T10768 39188-39195 JJ denotes primary T10767 39196-39202 NNS denotes clones T10769 39202-39204 , denotes , T10770 39204-39207 CC denotes and T10771 39208-39211 DT denotes the T10773 39212-39221 JJ denotes embryonic T10772 39222-39229 NN denotes library T10774 39230-39233 VBZ denotes has T10775 39234-39235 DT denotes a T10776 39236-39246 NN denotes complexity T10777 39247-39249 IN denotes of T10778 39250-39254 CD denotes 1.65 T10780 39255-39256 SYM denotes × T10779 39257-39260 CD denotes 106 T10781 39260-39261 . denotes . T10782 39261-39359 sentence denotes Libraries were amplified to give titers of 5 × 109 pfu/ml (adult) or 2 × 1010 pfu/ml (embryonic). T10783 39262-39271 NNS denotes Libraries T10785 39272-39276 VBD denotes were T10784 39277-39286 VBN denotes amplified T10786 39287-39289 TO denotes to T10787 39290-39294 VB denotes give T10788 39295-39301 NNS denotes titers T10789 39302-39304 IN denotes of T10790 39305-39306 CD denotes 5 T10792 39307-39308 SYM denotes × T10791 39309-39312 CD denotes 109 T10793 39313-39316 NNS denotes pfu T10794 39316-39317 SYM denotes / T10795 39317-39319 NN denotes ml T10796 39320-39321 -LRB- denotes ( T10797 39321-39326 JJ denotes adult T10798 39326-39327 -RRB- denotes ) T10799 39328-39330 CC denotes or T10800 39331-39332 CD denotes 2 T10802 39333-39334 SYM denotes × T10801 39335-39339 CD denotes 1010 T10803 39340-39343 NNS denotes pfu T10804 39343-39344 SYM denotes / T10805 39344-39346 NN denotes ml T10806 39347-39348 -LRB- denotes ( T10807 39348-39357 JJ denotes embryonic T10808 39357-39358 -RRB- denotes ) T10809 39358-39359 . denotes . T10810 39359-39549 sentence denotes Hybridization probes were made by degenerate PCR of mouse genomic DNA, in a fashion similar to those described previously [1], with primer pairs and annealing temperatures given in Table 2. T10811 39360-39373 NN denotes Hybridization T10812 39374-39380 NNS denotes probes T10814 39381-39385 VBD denotes were T10813 39386-39390 VBN denotes made T10815 39391-39393 IN denotes by T10816 39394-39404 JJ denotes degenerate T10817 39405-39408 NN denotes PCR T10818 39409-39411 IN denotes of T10819 39412-39417 NN denotes mouse T10821 39418-39425 JJ denotes genomic T10820 39426-39429 NN denotes DNA T10822 39429-39431 , denotes , T10823 39431-39433 IN denotes in T10824 39434-39435 DT denotes a T10825 39436-39443 NN denotes fashion T10826 39444-39451 JJ denotes similar T10827 39452-39454 IN denotes to T10828 39455-39460 DT denotes those T10829 39461-39470 VBN denotes described T10830 39471-39481 RB denotes previously T10831 39482-39483 -LRB- denotes [ T10832 39483-39484 CD denotes 1 T10833 39484-39485 -RRB- denotes ] T10834 39485-39487 , denotes , T10835 39487-39491 IN denotes with T10837 39492-39498 NN denotes primer T10838 39499-39504 NNS denotes pairs T10839 39505-39508 CC denotes and T10840 39509-39518 VBG denotes annealing T10841 39519-39531 NNS denotes temperatures T10836 39532-39537 VBN denotes given T10842 39538-39540 IN denotes in T10843 39541-39546 NN denotes Table T10844 39547-39548 CD denotes 2 T10845 39548-39549 . denotes . T10846 39549-39612 sentence denotes Low-stringency hybridization conditions were as described [1]. T10847 39550-39553 JJ denotes Low T10849 39553-39554 HYPH denotes - T10848 39554-39564 NN denotes stringency T10851 39565-39578 NN denotes hybridization T10850 39579-39589 NNS denotes conditions T10852 39590-39594 VBD denotes were T10853 39595-39597 IN denotes as T10854 39598-39607 VBN denotes described T10855 39608-39609 -LRB- denotes [ T10856 39609-39610 CD denotes 1 T10857 39610-39611 -RRB- denotes ] T10858 39611-39612 . denotes . T10859 39612-39732 sentence denotes Clonally-pure plaques were obtained through secondary screens using the same probe as the corresponding primary screen. T10860 39613-39621 RB denotes Clonally T10862 39621-39622 HYPH denotes - T10861 39622-39626 JJ denotes pure T10863 39627-39634 NNS denotes plaques T10865 39635-39639 VBD denotes were T10864 39640-39648 VBN denotes obtained T10866 39649-39656 IN denotes through T10867 39657-39666 JJ denotes secondary T10868 39667-39674 NNS denotes screens T10869 39675-39680 VBG denotes using T10870 39681-39684 DT denotes the T10872 39685-39689 JJ denotes same T10871 39690-39695 NN denotes probe T10873 39696-39698 IN denotes as T10874 39699-39702 DT denotes the T10876 39703-39716 VBG denotes corresponding T10877 39717-39724 JJ denotes primary T10875 39725-39731 NN denotes screen T10878 39731-39732 . denotes . T10879 39732-39812 sentence denotes PCR with vector primers (M13F/R) was performed to prepare sequencing templates. T10880 39733-39736 NN denotes PCR T10882 39737-39741 IN denotes with T10883 39742-39748 NN denotes vector T10884 39749-39756 NNS denotes primers T10885 39757-39758 -LRB- denotes ( T10887 39758-39762 NN denotes M13F T10888 39762-39763 HYPH denotes / T10886 39763-39764 NN denotes R T10889 39764-39765 -RRB- denotes ) T10890 39766-39769 VBD denotes was T10881 39770-39779 VBN denotes performed T10891 39780-39782 TO denotes to T10892 39783-39790 VB denotes prepare T10893 39791-39801 NN denotes sequencing T10894 39802-39811 NNS denotes templates T10895 39811-39812 . denotes . T10896 39812-40049 sentence denotes cDNA size estimates were obtained by agarose gel electrophoresis, and inserts were sequenced from the 5' end using the M13R primer and big-dye terminator chemistry according to ABI's protocols (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). T10897 39813-39817 NN denotes cDNA T10898 39818-39822 NN denotes size T10899 39823-39832 NNS denotes estimates T10901 39833-39837 VBD denotes were T10900 39838-39846 VBN denotes obtained T10902 39847-39849 IN denotes by T10903 39850-39857 NN denotes agarose T10904 39858-39861 NN denotes gel T10905 39862-39877 NN denotes electrophoresis T10906 39877-39879 , denotes , T10907 39879-39882 CC denotes and T10908 39883-39890 NNS denotes inserts T10910 39891-39895 VBD denotes were T10909 39896-39905 VBN denotes sequenced T10911 39906-39910 IN denotes from T10912 39911-39914 DT denotes the T10914 39915-39916 CD denotes 5 T10915 39916-39917 SYM denotes ' T10913 39918-39921 NN denotes end T10916 39922-39927 VBG denotes using T10917 39928-39931 DT denotes the T10919 39932-39936 NN denotes M13R T10918 39937-39943 NN denotes primer T10920 39944-39947 CC denotes and T10921 39948-39951 JJ denotes big T10923 39951-39952 HYPH denotes - T10922 39952-39955 NN denotes dye T10925 39956-39966 NN denotes terminator T10924 39967-39976 NN denotes chemistry T10926 39977-39986 VBG denotes according T10927 39987-39989 IN denotes to T10928 39990-39993 NNP denotes ABI T10930 39993-39995 POS denotes 's T10929 39996-40005 NNS denotes protocols T10931 40006-40007 -LRB- denotes ( T10933 40007-40014 NNP denotes Applied T10932 40015-40025 NNP denotes Biosystems T10934 40025-40027 , denotes , T10935 40027-40033 NNP denotes Foster T10936 40034-40038 NNP denotes City T10937 40038-40040 , denotes , T10938 40040-40042 NNP denotes CA T10939 40042-40044 , denotes , T10940 40044-40047 NNP denotes USA T10941 40047-40048 -RRB- denotes ) T10942 40048-40049 . denotes . T10943 40049-40211 sentence denotes In order to obtain 3' sequence, selected phage clones were converted to plasmid stocks following a scaled-down version of Stratagene's in vivo excision protocol. T10944 40050-40052 IN denotes In T10946 40053-40058 NN denotes order T10947 40059-40061 TO denotes to T10948 40062-40068 VB denotes obtain T10949 40069-40070 CD denotes 3 T10951 40070-40071 SYM denotes ' T10950 40072-40080 NN denotes sequence T10952 40080-40082 , denotes , T10953 40082-40090 VBN denotes selected T10955 40091-40096 NN denotes phage T10954 40097-40103 NNS denotes clones T10956 40104-40108 VBD denotes were T10945 40109-40118 VBN denotes converted T10957 40119-40121 IN denotes to T10958 40122-40129 NN denotes plasmid T10959 40130-40136 NNS denotes stocks T10960 40137-40146 VBG denotes following T10961 40147-40148 DT denotes a T10963 40149-40155 VBN denotes scaled T10964 40155-40156 HYPH denotes - T10965 40156-40160 RP denotes down T10962 40161-40168 NN denotes version T10966 40169-40171 IN denotes of T10967 40172-40182 NNP denotes Stratagene T10969 40182-40184 POS denotes 's T10970 40185-40187 FW denotes in T10971 40188-40192 FW denotes vivo T10972 40193-40201 NN denotes excision T10968 40202-40210 NN denotes protocol T10973 40210-40211 . denotes . T10974 40211-40345 sentence denotes Plasmid DNA gave better 3'-end sequence than PCR products, which often suffered from polymerase stuttering through the poly(A) tract. T10975 40212-40219 NN denotes Plasmid T10976 40220-40223 NN denotes DNA T10977 40224-40228 VBD denotes gave T10978 40229-40235 JJR denotes better T10980 40236-40237 CD denotes 3 T10982 40237-40238 SYM denotes ' T10983 40238-40239 HYPH denotes - T10981 40239-40242 NN denotes end T10979 40243-40251 NN denotes sequence T10984 40252-40256 IN denotes than T10985 40257-40260 NN denotes PCR T10986 40261-40269 NNS denotes products T10987 40269-40271 , denotes , T10988 40271-40276 WDT denotes which T10990 40277-40282 RB denotes often T10989 40283-40291 VBD denotes suffered T10991 40292-40296 IN denotes from T10992 40297-40307 NN denotes polymerase T10993 40308-40318 VBG denotes stuttering T10994 40319-40326 IN denotes through T10995 40327-40330 DT denotes the T10997 40331-40335 NN denotes poly T10998 40335-40336 -LRB- denotes ( T10999 40336-40337 NN denotes A T11000 40337-40338 -RRB- denotes ) T10996 40339-40344 NN denotes tract T11001 40344-40345 . denotes . T11002 40345-40496 sentence denotes " cDNA sequences and associated information are available through dbEST (Genbank accessions CB172832-CB174569) and our olfactory receptor database [46]." T11003 40346-40350 NN denotes cDNA T11004 40351-40360 NNS denotes sequences T11006 40361-40364 CC denotes and T11007 40365-40375 VBN denotes associated T11008 40376-40387 NN denotes information T11005 40388-40391 VBP denotes are T11009 40392-40401 JJ denotes available T11010 40402-40409 IN denotes through T11011 40410-40415 NN denotes dbEST T11012 40416-40417 -LRB- denotes ( T11014 40417-40424 NNP denotes Genbank T11015 40425-40435 NNS denotes accessions T11013 40436-40444 NN denotes CB172832 T11016 40444-40445 SYM denotes - T11017 40445-40453 NN denotes CB174569 T11018 40453-40454 -RRB- denotes ) T11019 40455-40458 CC denotes and T11020 40459-40462 PRP$ denotes our T11022 40463-40472 JJ denotes olfactory T11023 40473-40481 NN denotes receptor T11021 40482-40490 NN denotes database T11024 40491-40492 -LRB- denotes [ T11025 40492-40494 CD denotes 46 T11026 40494-40495 -RRB- denotes ] T11027 40495-40496 . denotes . T11028 40496-40601 sentence denotes The updated olfactory receptor gene catalog is available through Genbank (accessions AY317244-AY318733). T11029 40497-40500 DT denotes The T11031 40501-40508 JJ denotes updated T11032 40509-40518 JJ denotes olfactory T11033 40519-40527 NN denotes receptor T11034 40528-40532 NN denotes gene T11030 40533-40540 NN denotes catalog T11035 40541-40543 VBZ denotes is T11036 40544-40553 JJ denotes available T11037 40554-40561 IN denotes through T11038 40562-40569 NNP denotes Genbank T11039 40570-40571 -LRB- denotes ( T11041 40571-40581 NNS denotes accessions T11040 40582-40590 NN denotes AY317244 T11042 40590-40591 SYM denotes - T11043 40591-40599 NN denotes AY318733 T11044 40599-40600 -RRB- denotes ) T11045 40600-40601 . denotes . T11046 40601-40686 sentence denotes Throughout the manuscript, genes are referred to by their Genbank accession numbers. T11047 40602-40612 IN denotes Throughout T11049 40613-40616 DT denotes the T11050 40617-40627 NN denotes manuscript T11051 40627-40629 , denotes , T11052 40629-40634 NNS denotes genes T11053 40635-40638 VBP denotes are T11048 40639-40647 VBN denotes referred T11054 40648-40650 IN denotes to T11055 40651-40653 IN denotes by T11056 40654-40659 PRP$ denotes their T11058 40660-40667 NNP denotes Genbank T11059 40668-40677 NN denotes accession T11057 40678-40685 NNS denotes numbers T11060 40685-40686 . denotes . T11276 40688-40696 NN denotes Sequence T11277 40697-40705 NN denotes analysis T11278 40705-40854 sentence denotes " cDNA sequences were base-called and quality-trimmed using phred (trim_cutoff = 0.05) [47], and vector sequences were removed using cross_match [48]." T11279 40706-40710 NN denotes cDNA T11280 40711-40720 NNS denotes sequences T11282 40721-40725 VBD denotes were T11283 40726-40730 NN denotes base T11284 40730-40731 HYPH denotes - T11281 40731-40737 VBN denotes called T11285 40738-40741 CC denotes and T11286 40742-40749 NN denotes quality T11288 40749-40750 HYPH denotes - T11287 40750-40757 VBN denotes trimmed T11289 40758-40763 VBG denotes using T11290 40764-40769 NN denotes phred T11291 40770-40771 -LRB- denotes ( T11293 40771-40782 NN denotes trim_cutoff T11294 40783-40784 SYM denotes = T11292 40785-40789 CD denotes 0.05 T11295 40789-40790 -RRB- denotes ) T11296 40791-40792 -LRB- denotes [ T11297 40792-40794 CD denotes 47 T11298 40794-40795 -RRB- denotes ] T11299 40795-40797 , denotes , T11300 40797-40800 CC denotes and T11301 40801-40807 NN denotes vector T11302 40808-40817 NNS denotes sequences T11304 40818-40822 VBD denotes were T11303 40823-40830 VBN denotes removed T11305 40831-40836 VBG denotes using T11306 40837-40848 NN denotes cross_match T11307 40849-40850 -LRB- denotes [ T11308 40850-40852 CD denotes 48 T11309 40852-40853 -RRB- denotes ] T11310 40853-40854 . denotes . T11311 40854-40918 sentence denotes Any sequences of less than 50 bp after trimming were discarded. T11312 40855-40858 DT denotes Any T11313 40859-40868 NNS denotes sequences T11315 40869-40871 IN denotes of T11316 40872-40876 JJR denotes less T11318 40877-40881 IN denotes than T11317 40882-40884 CD denotes 50 T11319 40885-40887 NNS denotes bp T11320 40888-40893 IN denotes after T11321 40894-40902 NN denotes trimming T11322 40903-40907 VBD denotes were T11314 40908-40917 VBN denotes discarded T11323 40917-40918 . denotes . T11324 40918-41135 sentence denotes 3' UTR lengths were estimated by combining approximate insert sizes determined by PCR with 5' sequence data where possible (if the 5' sequence did not extend into the coding region we could not estimate 3' UTR size). T11325 40919-40920 CD denotes 3 T11327 40920-40921 SYM denotes ' T11326 40922-40925 NN denotes UTR T11328 40926-40933 NNS denotes lengths T11330 40934-40938 VBD denotes were T11329 40939-40948 VBN denotes estimated T11331 40949-40951 IN denotes by T11332 40952-40961 VBG denotes combining T11333 40962-40973 JJ denotes approximate T11334 40974-40980 NN denotes insert T11335 40981-40986 VBZ denotes sizes T11336 40987-40997 VBN denotes determined T11337 40998-41000 IN denotes by T11338 41001-41004 NN denotes PCR T11339 41005-41009 IN denotes with T11340 41010-41011 CD denotes 5 T11342 41011-41012 SYM denotes ' T11341 41013-41021 NN denotes sequence T11343 41022-41026 NNS denotes data T11344 41027-41032 WRB denotes where T11345 41033-41041 JJ denotes possible T11346 41042-41043 -LRB- denotes ( T11348 41043-41045 IN denotes if T11350 41046-41049 DT denotes the T11352 41050-41051 CD denotes 5 T11353 41051-41052 SYM denotes ' T11351 41053-41061 NN denotes sequence T11354 41062-41065 VBD denotes did T11355 41066-41069 RB denotes not T11349 41070-41076 VB denotes extend T11356 41077-41081 IN denotes into T11357 41082-41085 DT denotes the T11359 41086-41092 VBG denotes coding T11358 41093-41099 NN denotes region T11360 41100-41102 PRP denotes we T11361 41103-41108 MD denotes could T11362 41109-41112 RB denotes not T11347 41113-41121 VB denotes estimate T11363 41122-41123 CD denotes 3 T11365 41123-41124 SYM denotes ' T11364 41125-41128 NN denotes UTR T11366 41129-41133 NN denotes size T11367 41133-41134 -RRB- denotes ) T11368 41134-41135 . denotes . T11369 41135-41373 sentence denotes We counted cDNAs from a given gene as showing alternative polyadenylation site usage if 3' UTR length estimates varied by at least 400 bp - smaller variation could be real, but may not be distinguishable from error in our size estimates. T11370 41136-41138 PRP denotes We T11371 41139-41146 VBD denotes counted T11373 41147-41152 NNS denotes cDNAs T11374 41153-41157 IN denotes from T11375 41158-41159 DT denotes a T11377 41160-41165 VBN denotes given T11376 41166-41170 NN denotes gene T11378 41171-41173 IN denotes as T11379 41174-41181 VBG denotes showing T11380 41182-41193 JJ denotes alternative T11382 41194-41209 NN denotes polyadenylation T11381 41210-41214 NN denotes site T11383 41215-41220 NN denotes usage T11384 41221-41223 IN denotes if T11386 41224-41225 CD denotes 3 T11388 41225-41226 SYM denotes ' T11387 41227-41230 NN denotes UTR T11389 41231-41237 NN denotes length T11390 41238-41247 NNS denotes estimates T11385 41248-41254 VBD denotes varied T11391 41255-41257 IN denotes by T11392 41258-41260 RB denotes at T11394 41261-41266 RBS denotes least T11393 41267-41270 CD denotes 400 T11395 41271-41273 NNS denotes bp T11396 41274-41275 : denotes - T11397 41276-41283 JJR denotes smaller T11398 41284-41293 NN denotes variation T11399 41294-41299 MD denotes could T11372 41300-41302 VB denotes be T11400 41303-41307 JJ denotes real T11401 41307-41309 , denotes , T11402 41309-41312 CC denotes but T11403 41313-41316 MD denotes may T11405 41317-41320 RB denotes not T11404 41321-41323 VB denotes be T11406 41324-41339 JJ denotes distinguishable T11407 41340-41344 IN denotes from T11408 41345-41350 NN denotes error T11409 41351-41353 IN denotes in T11410 41354-41357 PRP$ denotes our T11412 41358-41362 NN denotes size T11411 41363-41372 NNS denotes estimates T11413 41372-41373 . denotes . T11414 41373-41718 sentence denotes " To assign cDNAs to their corresponding olfactory receptor genes, we first defined a genomic 'territory' for each gene, with the following attributes: strand, start position (100 kb upstream of the start codon or 1 kb after the previous gene upstream on the same strand, whichever is closer) and end position (1 kb downstream of the stop codon)." T11415 41374-41376 TO denotes To T11416 41377-41383 VB denotes assign T11418 41384-41389 NNS denotes cDNAs T11419 41390-41392 IN denotes to T11420 41393-41398 PRP$ denotes their T11422 41399-41412 VBG denotes corresponding T11423 41413-41422 JJ denotes olfactory T11424 41423-41431 NN denotes receptor T11421 41432-41437 NNS denotes genes T11425 41437-41439 , denotes , T11426 41439-41441 PRP denotes we T11427 41442-41447 RB denotes first T11417 41448-41455 VBD denotes defined T11428 41456-41457 DT denotes a T11430 41458-41465 JJ denotes genomic T11431 41466-41467 `` denotes ' T11429 41467-41476 NN denotes territory T11432 41476-41477 '' denotes ' T11433 41478-41481 IN denotes for T11434 41482-41486 DT denotes each T11435 41487-41491 NN denotes gene T11436 41491-41493 , denotes , T11437 41493-41497 IN denotes with T11438 41498-41501 DT denotes the T11440 41502-41511 VBG denotes following T11439 41512-41522 NNS denotes attributes T11441 41522-41524 : denotes : T11442 41524-41530 NN denotes strand T11443 41530-41532 , denotes , T11444 41532-41537 NN denotes start T11445 41538-41546 NN denotes position T11446 41547-41548 -LRB- denotes ( T11448 41548-41551 CD denotes 100 T11449 41552-41554 NNS denotes kb T11450 41555-41563 RB denotes upstream T11451 41564-41566 IN denotes of T11452 41567-41570 DT denotes the T11454 41571-41576 NN denotes start T11453 41577-41582 NN denotes codon T11455 41583-41585 CC denotes or T11456 41586-41587 CD denotes 1 T11457 41588-41590 NN denotes kb T11458 41591-41596 IN denotes after T11460 41597-41600 DT denotes the T11462 41601-41609 JJ denotes previous T11461 41610-41614 NN denotes gene T11459 41615-41623 RB denotes upstream T11463 41624-41626 IN denotes on T11464 41627-41630 DT denotes the T11466 41631-41635 JJ denotes same T11465 41636-41642 NN denotes strand T11467 41642-41644 , denotes , T11468 41644-41653 WDT denotes whichever T11447 41654-41656 VBZ denotes is T11469 41657-41663 JJR denotes closer T11470 41663-41664 -RRB- denotes ) T11471 41665-41668 CC denotes and T11472 41669-41672 NN denotes end T11473 41673-41681 NN denotes position T11474 41682-41683 -LRB- denotes ( T11476 41683-41684 CD denotes 1 T11477 41685-41687 NN denotes kb T11475 41688-41698 RB denotes downstream T11478 41699-41701 IN denotes of T11479 41702-41705 DT denotes the T11481 41706-41710 NN denotes stop T11480 41711-41716 NN denotes codon T11482 41716-41717 -RRB- denotes ) T11483 41717-41718 . denotes . T11484 41718-41886 sentence denotes Trimmed sequences were compared with genomic sequences using sim4 [30] (settings P = 1 to remove polyA tails and N = 1 to perform an intensive search for small exons). T11485 41719-41726 JJ denotes Trimmed T11486 41727-41736 NNS denotes sequences T11488 41737-41741 VBD denotes were T11487 41742-41750 VBN denotes compared T11489 41751-41755 IN denotes with T11490 41756-41763 JJ denotes genomic T11491 41764-41773 NNS denotes sequences T11492 41774-41779 VBG denotes using T11493 41780-41784 NN denotes sim4 T11494 41785-41786 -LRB- denotes [ T11495 41786-41788 CD denotes 30 T11496 41788-41789 -RRB- denotes ] T11497 41790-41791 -LRB- denotes ( T11498 41791-41799 NNS denotes settings T11499 41800-41801 NN denotes P T11501 41802-41803 SYM denotes = T11500 41804-41805 CD denotes 1 T11502 41806-41808 TO denotes to T11503 41809-41815 VB denotes remove T11504 41816-41821 NN denotes polyA T11505 41822-41827 NNS denotes tails T11506 41828-41831 CC denotes and T11507 41832-41833 NN denotes N T11509 41834-41835 SYM denotes = T11508 41836-41837 CD denotes 1 T11511 41838-41840 TO denotes to T11510 41841-41848 VB denotes perform T11512 41849-41851 DT denotes an T11514 41852-41861 JJ denotes intensive T11513 41862-41868 NN denotes search T11515 41869-41872 IN denotes for T11516 41873-41878 JJ denotes small T11517 41879-41884 NNS denotes exons T11518 41884-41885 -RRB- denotes ) T11519 41885-41886 . denotes . T11520 41886-41964 sentence denotes The sim4 algorithm uses splice-site consensus sequences to refine alignments. T11521 41887-41890 DT denotes The T11523 41891-41895 NN denotes sim4 T11522 41896-41905 NN denotes algorithm T11524 41906-41910 VBZ denotes uses T11525 41911-41917 NN denotes splice T11527 41917-41918 HYPH denotes - T11526 41918-41922 NN denotes site T11529 41923-41932 NN denotes consensus T11528 41933-41942 NNS denotes sequences T11530 41943-41945 TO denotes to T11531 41946-41952 VB denotes refine T11532 41953-41963 NNS denotes alignments T11533 41963-41964 . denotes . T11534 41964-42032 sentence denotes Only matches of 96% or greater nucleotide identity were considered. T11535 41965-41969 RB denotes Only T11536 41970-41977 NNS denotes matches T11538 41978-41980 IN denotes of T11539 41981-41983 CD denotes 96 T11540 41983-41984 NN denotes % T11542 41985-41987 CC denotes or T11543 41988-41995 JJR denotes greater T11544 41996-42006 NN denotes nucleotide T11541 42007-42015 NN denotes identity T11545 42016-42020 VBD denotes were T11537 42021-42031 VBN denotes considered T11546 42031-42032 . denotes . T11547 42032-42196 sentence denotes RepeatMasked sequences [49] were also compared to genomic sequences; cDNA:genomic sequence pairings not found in both masked and unmasked alignments were rejected. T11548 42033-42045 JJ denotes RepeatMasked T11549 42046-42055 NNS denotes sequences T11551 42056-42057 -LRB- denotes [ T11552 42057-42059 CD denotes 49 T11553 42059-42060 -RRB- denotes ] T11554 42061-42065 VBD denotes were T11555 42066-42070 RB denotes also T11550 42071-42079 VBN denotes compared T11556 42080-42082 IN denotes to T11557 42083-42090 JJ denotes genomic T11558 42091-42100 NNS denotes sequences T11559 42100-42101 : denotes ; T11560 42102-42106 NN denotes cDNA T11562 42106-42107 : denotes : T11563 42107-42114 JJ denotes genomic T11564 42115-42123 NN denotes sequence T11565 42124-42132 NNS denotes pairings T11566 42133-42136 RB denotes not T11567 42137-42142 VBN denotes found T11568 42143-42145 IN denotes in T11569 42146-42150 CC denotes both T11570 42151-42157 JJ denotes masked T11572 42158-42161 CC denotes and T11573 42162-42170 JJ denotes unmasked T11571 42171-42181 NNS denotes alignments T11574 42182-42186 VBD denotes were T11561 42187-42195 VBN denotes rejected T11575 42195-42196 . denotes . T11576 42196-42268 sentence denotes Coordinates from the unmasked alignment were used for further analysis. T11577 42197-42208 NNS denotes Coordinates T11579 42209-42213 IN denotes from T11580 42214-42217 DT denotes the T11582 42218-42226 JJ denotes unmasked T11581 42227-42236 NN denotes alignment T11583 42237-42241 VBD denotes were T11578 42242-42246 VBN denotes used T11584 42247-42250 IN denotes for T11585 42251-42258 JJ denotes further T11586 42259-42267 NN denotes analysis T11587 42267-42268 . denotes . T11588 42268-42350 sentence denotes Any cDNA sequence matching entirely within a territory was assigned to that gene. T11589 42269-42272 DT denotes Any T11591 42273-42277 NN denotes cDNA T11590 42278-42286 NN denotes sequence T11593 42287-42295 VBG denotes matching T11594 42296-42304 RB denotes entirely T11595 42305-42311 IN denotes within T11596 42312-42313 DT denotes a T11597 42314-42323 NN denotes territory T11598 42324-42327 VBD denotes was T11592 42328-42336 VBN denotes assigned T11599 42337-42339 IN denotes to T11600 42340-42344 DT denotes that T11601 42345-42349 NN denotes gene T11602 42349-42350 . denotes . T11603 42350-42563 sentence denotes If a cDNA matched more than one gene territory, the best match was chosen (that is, the one with highest 'score', where score is the total of all exons' lengths multiplied by their respective percent identities). T11604 42351-42353 IN denotes If T11606 42354-42355 DT denotes a T11607 42356-42360 NN denotes cDNA T11605 42361-42368 VBD denotes matched T11609 42369-42373 JJR denotes more T11611 42374-42378 IN denotes than T11610 42379-42382 CD denotes one T11613 42383-42387 NN denotes gene T11612 42388-42397 NN denotes territory T11614 42397-42399 , denotes , T11615 42399-42402 DT denotes the T11617 42403-42407 JJS denotes best T11616 42408-42413 NN denotes match T11618 42414-42417 VBD denotes was T11608 42418-42424 VBN denotes chosen T11619 42425-42426 -LRB- denotes ( T11621 42426-42430 RB denotes that T11622 42431-42433 RB denotes is T11623 42433-42435 , denotes , T11624 42435-42438 DT denotes the T11620 42439-42442 CD denotes one T11625 42443-42447 IN denotes with T11626 42448-42455 JJS denotes highest T11628 42456-42457 `` denotes ' T11627 42457-42462 NN denotes score T11629 42462-42463 '' denotes ' T11630 42463-42465 , denotes , T11631 42465-42470 WRB denotes where T11633 42471-42476 NN denotes score T11632 42477-42479 VBZ denotes is T11634 42480-42483 DT denotes the T11635 42484-42489 NN denotes total T11636 42490-42492 IN denotes of T11637 42493-42496 DT denotes all T11638 42497-42502 NNS denotes exons T11640 42502-42503 POS denotes ' T11639 42504-42511 NNS denotes lengths T11641 42512-42522 VBN denotes multiplied T11642 42523-42525 IN denotes by T11643 42526-42531 PRP$ denotes their T11645 42532-42542 JJ denotes respective T11646 42543-42550 NN denotes percent T11644 42551-42561 NNS denotes identities T11647 42561-42562 -RRB- denotes ) T11648 42562-42563 . denotes . T11649 42563-42685 sentence denotes We found 27 cDNAs that spanned a larger genomic range than one gene territory and flagged them for more careful analysis. T11650 42564-42566 PRP denotes We T11652 42567-42572 VBD denotes found T11653 42573-42575 CD denotes 27 T11654 42576-42581 NNS denotes cDNAs T11655 42582-42586 WDT denotes that T11656 42587-42594 VBD denotes spanned T11657 42595-42596 DT denotes a T11659 42597-42603 JJR denotes larger T11660 42604-42611 JJ denotes genomic T11658 42612-42617 NN denotes range T11661 42618-42622 IN denotes than T11662 42623-42626 CD denotes one T11664 42627-42631 NN denotes gene T11663 42632-42641 NN denotes territory T11665 42642-42645 CC denotes and T11651 42646-42653 VBD denotes flagged T11666 42654-42658 PRP denotes them T11667 42659-42662 IN denotes for T11668 42663-42667 RBR denotes more T11669 42668-42675 JJ denotes careful T11670 42676-42684 NN denotes analysis T11671 42684-42685 . denotes . T11672 42685-42868 sentence denotes Of these, six cDNAs showed unusual splicing within the 3' UTR, but the remaining 'territory violators' were found to be artifacts of the analysis process which fell into three types. T11673 42686-42688 IN denotes Of T11675 42689-42694 DT denotes these T11676 42694-42696 , denotes , T11677 42696-42699 CD denotes six T11678 42700-42705 NNS denotes cDNAs T11674 42706-42712 VBD denotes showed T11679 42713-42720 JJ denotes unusual T11680 42721-42729 NN denotes splicing T11681 42730-42736 IN denotes within T11682 42737-42740 DT denotes the T11684 42741-42742 CD denotes 3 T11685 42742-42743 SYM denotes ' T11683 42744-42747 NN denotes UTR T11686 42747-42749 , denotes , T11687 42749-42752 CC denotes but T11688 42753-42756 DT denotes the T11690 42757-42766 VBG denotes remaining T11691 42767-42768 `` denotes ' T11692 42768-42777 NN denotes territory T11689 42778-42787 NNS denotes violators T11694 42787-42788 '' denotes ' T11695 42789-42793 VBD denotes were T11693 42794-42799 VBN denotes found T11696 42800-42802 TO denotes to T11697 42803-42805 VB denotes be T11698 42806-42815 NNS denotes artifacts T11699 42816-42818 IN denotes of T11700 42819-42822 DT denotes the T11702 42823-42831 NN denotes analysis T11701 42832-42839 NN denotes process T11703 42840-42845 WDT denotes which T11704 42846-42850 VBD denotes fell T11705 42851-42855 IN denotes into T11706 42856-42861 CD denotes three T11707 42862-42867 NNS denotes types T11708 42867-42868 . denotes . T11709 42868-43255 sentence denotes These included: cDNAs where the insert appeared to be cloned in the reverse orientation (six cDNAs); sequences from recently duplicated gene pairs, where sim4 assigned coding region and upstream exons to different members of the pair, although exons could equally well have been aligned closer to one another (six cDNAs); and artifacts due to use of sim4's N = 1 parameter (nine cDNAs). T11710 42869-42874 DT denotes These T11711 42875-42883 VBD denotes included T11712 42883-42885 : denotes : T11713 42885-42890 NNS denotes cDNAs T11714 42891-42896 WRB denotes where T11716 42897-42900 DT denotes the T11717 42901-42907 NN denotes insert T11715 42908-42916 VBD denotes appeared T11718 42917-42919 TO denotes to T11720 42920-42922 VB denotes be T11719 42923-42929 VBN denotes cloned T11721 42930-42932 IN denotes in T11722 42933-42936 DT denotes the T11724 42937-42944 JJ denotes reverse T11723 42945-42956 NN denotes orientation T11725 42957-42958 -LRB- denotes ( T11727 42958-42961 CD denotes six T11726 42962-42967 NNS denotes cDNAs T11728 42967-42968 -RRB- denotes ) T11729 42968-42969 : denotes ; T11730 42970-42979 NNS denotes sequences T11731 42980-42984 IN denotes from T11732 42985-42993 RB denotes recently T11733 42994-43004 VBN denotes duplicated T11735 43005-43009 NN denotes gene T11734 43010-43015 NNS denotes pairs T11736 43015-43017 , denotes , T11737 43017-43022 WRB denotes where T11739 43023-43027 NN denotes sim4 T11738 43028-43036 VBN denotes assigned T11740 43037-43043 VBG denotes coding T11741 43044-43050 NN denotes region T11742 43051-43054 CC denotes and T11743 43055-43063 JJ denotes upstream T11744 43064-43069 NNS denotes exons T11745 43070-43072 IN denotes to T11746 43073-43082 JJ denotes different T11747 43083-43090 NNS denotes members T11748 43091-43093 IN denotes of T11749 43094-43097 DT denotes the T11750 43098-43102 NN denotes pair T11751 43102-43104 , denotes , T11752 43104-43112 IN denotes although T11754 43113-43118 NNS denotes exons T11755 43119-43124 MD denotes could T11756 43125-43132 RB denotes equally T11757 43133-43137 RB denotes well T11758 43138-43142 VBP denotes have T11759 43143-43147 VBN denotes been T11753 43148-43155 VBN denotes aligned T11760 43156-43162 RBR denotes closer T11761 43163-43165 IN denotes to T11762 43166-43169 CD denotes one T11763 43170-43177 DT denotes another T11764 43178-43179 -LRB- denotes ( T11766 43179-43182 CD denotes six T11765 43183-43188 NNS denotes cDNAs T11767 43188-43189 -RRB- denotes ) T11768 43189-43190 : denotes ; T11769 43191-43194 CC denotes and T11770 43195-43204 NNS denotes artifacts T11771 43205-43208 IN denotes due T11772 43209-43211 IN denotes to T11773 43212-43215 NN denotes use T11774 43216-43218 IN denotes of T11775 43219-43223 NN denotes sim4 T11777 43223-43225 POS denotes 's T11778 43226-43227 NN denotes N T11780 43228-43229 SYM denotes = T11779 43230-43231 CD denotes 1 T11776 43232-43241 NN denotes parameter T11781 43242-43243 -LRB- denotes ( T11783 43243-43247 CD denotes nine T11782 43248-43253 NNS denotes cDNAs T11784 43253-43254 -RRB- denotes ) T11785 43254-43255 . denotes . T11786 43255-43407 sentence denotes This parameter instructs the program to make extra effort to match small upstream exons, allowing a greater total length of EST sequence to be matched. T11787 43256-43260 DT denotes This T11788 43261-43270 NN denotes parameter T11789 43271-43280 VBZ denotes instructs T11790 43281-43284 DT denotes the T11791 43285-43292 NN denotes program T11792 43293-43295 TO denotes to T11793 43296-43300 VB denotes make T11794 43301-43306 JJ denotes extra T11795 43307-43313 NN denotes effort T11796 43314-43316 TO denotes to T11797 43317-43322 VB denotes match T11798 43323-43328 JJ denotes small T11800 43329-43337 JJ denotes upstream T11799 43338-43343 NNS denotes exons T11801 43343-43345 , denotes , T11802 43345-43353 VBG denotes allowing T11803 43354-43355 DT denotes a T11805 43356-43363 JJR denotes greater T11806 43364-43369 JJ denotes total T11804 43370-43376 NN denotes length T11808 43377-43379 IN denotes of T11809 43380-43383 NN denotes EST T11810 43384-43392 NN denotes sequence T11811 43393-43395 TO denotes to T11812 43396-43398 VB denotes be T11807 43399-43406 VBN denotes matched T11813 43406-43407 . denotes . T11814 43407-43605 sentence denotes However, occasionally the N = 1 parameter caused the program to assign very small sequences (1-4 bp) to distant upstream exons, when they probably match nearer to the corresponding coding sequence. T11815 43408-43415 RB denotes However T11817 43415-43417 , denotes , T11818 43417-43429 RB denotes occasionally T11819 43430-43433 DT denotes the T11821 43434-43435 NN denotes N T11823 43436-43437 SYM denotes = T11822 43438-43439 CD denotes 1 T11820 43440-43449 NN denotes parameter T11816 43450-43456 VBD denotes caused T11824 43457-43460 DT denotes the T11825 43461-43468 NN denotes program T11827 43469-43471 TO denotes to T11826 43472-43478 VB denotes assign T11828 43479-43483 RB denotes very T11829 43484-43489 JJ denotes small T11830 43490-43499 NNS denotes sequences T11831 43500-43501 -LRB- denotes ( T11833 43501-43502 CD denotes 1 T11835 43502-43503 HYPH denotes - T11834 43503-43504 CD denotes 4 T11832 43505-43507 NNS denotes bp T11836 43507-43508 -RRB- denotes ) T11837 43509-43511 IN denotes to T11838 43512-43519 JJ denotes distant T11840 43520-43528 JJ denotes upstream T11839 43529-43534 NNS denotes exons T11841 43534-43536 , denotes , T11842 43536-43540 WRB denotes when T11844 43541-43545 PRP denotes they T11845 43546-43554 RB denotes probably T11843 43555-43560 VBP denotes match T11846 43561-43567 RBR denotes nearer T11847 43568-43570 IN denotes to T11848 43571-43574 DT denotes the T11850 43575-43588 VBG denotes corresponding T11851 43589-43595 NN denotes coding T11849 43596-43604 NN denotes sequence T11852 43604-43605 . denotes . T11853 43605-43944 sentence denotes " The expected distribution shown in Figure 2 was calculated using the equation P(x) = e-μμx/x!, where P(x) is the Poisson probability of observing x cDNAs per gene, and μ is the mean number of cDNAs observed per gene (μ = 1,176/983: 1,176 cDNAs matching olfactory receptor genes in our dataset and 983 intact class II olfactory receptors)." T11854 43606-43609 DT denotes The T11856 43610-43618 JJ denotes expected T11855 43619-43631 NN denotes distribution T11858 43632-43637 VBN denotes shown T11859 43638-43640 IN denotes in T11860 43641-43647 NN denotes Figure T11861 43648-43649 CD denotes 2 T11862 43650-43653 VBD denotes was T11857 43654-43664 VBN denotes calculated T11863 43665-43670 VBG denotes using T11864 43671-43674 DT denotes the T11865 43675-43683 NN denotes equation T11866 43684-43685 NN denotes P T11868 43685-43686 -LRB- denotes ( T11867 43686-43687 NN denotes x T11870 43687-43688 -RRB- denotes ) T11871 43689-43690 SYM denotes = T11872 43691-43692 NN denotes e T11873 43692-43693 SYM denotes - T11869 43693-43696 NN denotes μμx T11874 43696-43697 SYM denotes / T11875 43697-43698 NN denotes x T11876 43698-43699 SYM denotes ! T11877 43699-43701 , denotes , T11878 43701-43706 WRB denotes where T11880 43707-43708 NN denotes P T11882 43708-43709 -LRB- denotes ( T11881 43709-43710 NN denotes x T11883 43710-43711 -RRB- denotes ) T11879 43712-43714 VBZ denotes is T11884 43715-43718 DT denotes the T11886 43719-43726 NNP denotes Poisson T11885 43727-43738 NN denotes probability T11887 43739-43741 IN denotes of T11888 43742-43751 VBG denotes observing T11889 43752-43753 NN denotes x T11890 43754-43759 NNS denotes cDNAs T11891 43760-43763 IN denotes per T11892 43764-43768 NN denotes gene T11893 43768-43770 , denotes , T11894 43770-43773 CC denotes and T11895 43774-43775 NN denotes μ T11896 43776-43778 VBZ denotes is T11897 43779-43782 DT denotes the T11899 43783-43787 JJ denotes mean T11898 43788-43794 NN denotes number T11900 43795-43797 IN denotes of T11901 43798-43803 NNS denotes cDNAs T11902 43804-43812 VBN denotes observed T11903 43813-43816 IN denotes per T11904 43817-43821 NN denotes gene T11905 43822-43823 -LRB- denotes ( T11907 43823-43824 NN denotes μ T11909 43825-43826 SYM denotes = T11908 43827-43828 CD denotes 1 T11910 43828-43829 , denotes , T11911 43829-43832 CD denotes 176 T11913 43832-43833 SYM denotes / T11912 43833-43836 CD denotes 983 T11914 43836-43838 : denotes : T11915 43838-43843 CD denotes 1,176 T11906 43844-43849 NNS denotes cDNAs T11916 43850-43858 VBG denotes matching T11917 43859-43868 JJ denotes olfactory T11918 43869-43877 NN denotes receptor T11919 43878-43883 NNS denotes genes T11920 43884-43886 IN denotes in T11921 43887-43890 PRP$ denotes our T11922 43891-43898 NN denotes dataset T11923 43899-43902 CC denotes and T11924 43903-43906 CD denotes 983 T11926 43907-43913 JJ denotes intact T11927 43914-43919 NN denotes class T11928 43920-43922 CD denotes II T11929 43923-43932 JJ denotes olfactory T11925 43933-43942 NNS denotes receptors T11930 43942-43943 -RRB- denotes ) T11931 43943-43944 . denotes . T11932 43944-44113 sentence denotes In our analysis of expressed pseudogenes, we ignored two olfactory receptor pseudogenes found very near the ends of genomic sequences and thus likely to be error-prone. T11933 43945-43947 IN denotes In T11935 43948-43951 PRP$ denotes our T11936 43952-43960 NN denotes analysis T11937 43961-43963 IN denotes of T11938 43964-43973 JJ denotes expressed T11939 43974-43985 NNS denotes pseudogenes T11940 43985-43987 , denotes , T11941 43987-43989 PRP denotes we T11934 43990-43997 VBD denotes ignored T11942 43998-44001 CD denotes two T11944 44002-44011 JJ denotes olfactory T11945 44012-44020 NN denotes receptor T11943 44021-44032 NNS denotes pseudogenes T11946 44033-44038 VBN denotes found T11947 44039-44043 RB denotes very T11948 44044-44048 IN denotes near T11949 44049-44052 DT denotes the T11950 44053-44057 NNS denotes ends T11951 44058-44060 IN denotes of T11952 44061-44068 JJ denotes genomic T11953 44069-44078 NNS denotes sequences T11954 44079-44082 CC denotes and T11955 44083-44087 RB denotes thus T11956 44088-44094 JJ denotes likely T11957 44095-44097 TO denotes to T11958 44098-44100 VB denotes be T11959 44101-44106 NN denotes error T11961 44106-44107 HYPH denotes - T11960 44107-44112 JJ denotes prone T11962 44112-44113 . denotes . T11963 44113-44385 sentence denotes A protein sequence alignment of intact mouse olfactory receptors was generated using CLUSTALW [50], edited by hand, and used to produce the phylogenetic tree shown in Figure 1 using PAUP's neighbor-joining algorithm (v4.0b6 Version 4, Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA). T11964 44114-44115 DT denotes A T11966 44116-44123 NN denotes protein T11967 44124-44132 NN denotes sequence T11965 44133-44142 NN denotes alignment T11969 44143-44145 IN denotes of T11970 44146-44152 JJ denotes intact T11972 44153-44158 NN denotes mouse T11973 44159-44168 JJ denotes olfactory T11971 44169-44178 NNS denotes receptors T11974 44179-44182 VBD denotes was T11968 44183-44192 VBN denotes generated T11975 44193-44198 VBG denotes using T11976 44199-44207 NN denotes CLUSTALW T11977 44208-44209 -LRB- denotes [ T11978 44209-44211 CD denotes 50 T11979 44211-44212 -RRB- denotes ] T11980 44212-44214 , denotes , T11981 44214-44220 VBN denotes edited T11982 44221-44223 IN denotes by T11983 44224-44228 NN denotes hand T11984 44228-44230 , denotes , T11985 44230-44233 CC denotes and T11986 44234-44238 VBN denotes used T11987 44239-44241 TO denotes to T11988 44242-44249 VB denotes produce T11989 44250-44253 DT denotes the T11991 44254-44266 JJ denotes phylogenetic T11990 44267-44271 NN denotes tree T11992 44272-44277 VBN denotes shown T11993 44278-44280 IN denotes in T11994 44281-44287 NN denotes Figure T11995 44288-44289 CD denotes 1 T11996 44290-44295 VBG denotes using T11997 44296-44300 NN denotes PAUP T11999 44300-44302 POS denotes 's T12000 44303-44311 NN denotes neighbor T12002 44311-44312 HYPH denotes - T12001 44312-44319 VBG denotes joining T11998 44320-44329 NN denotes algorithm T12003 44330-44331 -LRB- denotes ( T12005 44331-44337 NN denotes v4.0b6 T12006 44338-44345 NN denotes Version T12007 44346-44347 CD denotes 4 T12008 44347-44349 , denotes , T12009 44349-44356 NNP denotes Sinauer T12004 44357-44367 NNPS denotes Associates T12010 44367-44369 , denotes , T12011 44369-44379 NNP denotes Sunderland T12012 44379-44381 , denotes , T12013 44381-44383 NNP denotes MA T12014 44383-44384 -RRB- denotes ) T12015 44384-44385 . denotes . T12016 44385-44429 sentence denotes The tree was colored using a custom script. T12017 44386-44389 DT denotes The T12018 44390-44394 NN denotes tree T12020 44395-44398 VBD denotes was T12019 44399-44406 VBN denotes colored T12021 44407-44412 VBG denotes using T12022 44413-44414 DT denotes a T12024 44415-44421 NN denotes custom T12023 44422-44428 NN denotes script T12025 44428-44429 . denotes . T12026 44429-44574 sentence denotes Information content (the measure of sequence conservation shown in Figure 6) was calculated for each position in the alignment using alpro [51]. T12027 44430-44441 NN denotes Information T12028 44442-44449 NN denotes content T12030 44450-44451 -LRB- denotes ( T12031 44451-44454 DT denotes the T12032 44455-44462 NN denotes measure T12033 44463-44465 IN denotes of T12034 44466-44474 NN denotes sequence T12035 44475-44487 NN denotes conservation T12036 44488-44493 VBN denotes shown T12037 44494-44496 IN denotes in T12038 44497-44503 NN denotes Figure T12039 44504-44505 CD denotes 6 T12040 44505-44506 -RRB- denotes ) T12041 44507-44510 VBD denotes was T12029 44511-44521 VBN denotes calculated T12042 44522-44525 IN denotes for T12043 44526-44530 DT denotes each T12044 44531-44539 NN denotes position T12045 44540-44542 IN denotes in T12046 44543-44546 DT denotes the T12047 44547-44556 NN denotes alignment T12048 44557-44562 VBG denotes using T12049 44563-44568 NN denotes alpro T12050 44569-44570 -LRB- denotes [ T12051 44570-44572 CD denotes 51 T12052 44572-44573 -RRB- denotes ] T12053 44573-44574 . denotes . T12054 44574-44733 sentence denotes " To determine the number of transcriptional isoforms for each gene, we examined the sim4 output for every matching cDNA in decreasing order of number of exons." T12055 44575-44577 TO denotes To T12056 44578-44587 VB denotes determine T12058 44588-44591 DT denotes the T12059 44592-44598 NN denotes number T12060 44599-44601 IN denotes of T12061 44602-44617 JJ denotes transcriptional T12062 44618-44626 NNS denotes isoforms T12063 44627-44630 IN denotes for T12064 44631-44635 DT denotes each T12065 44636-44640 NN denotes gene T12066 44640-44642 , denotes , T12067 44642-44644 PRP denotes we T12057 44645-44653 VBD denotes examined T12068 44654-44657 DT denotes the T12070 44658-44662 NN denotes sim4 T12069 44663-44669 NN denotes output T12071 44670-44673 IN denotes for T12072 44674-44679 DT denotes every T12074 44680-44688 VBG denotes matching T12073 44689-44693 NN denotes cDNA T12075 44694-44696 IN denotes in T12076 44697-44707 JJ denotes decreasing T12077 44708-44713 NN denotes order T12078 44714-44716 IN denotes of T12079 44717-44723 NN denotes number T12080 44724-44726 IN denotes of T12081 44727-44732 NNS denotes exons T12082 44732-44733 . denotes . T12083 44733-44899 sentence denotes The first cDNA was counted as one splice form, and for each subsequent cDNA, we determined whether exon structure was mutually exclusive to isoforms already counted. T12084 44734-44737 DT denotes The T12086 44738-44743 JJ denotes first T12085 44744-44748 NN denotes cDNA T12088 44749-44752 VBD denotes was T12087 44753-44760 VBN denotes counted T12089 44761-44763 IN denotes as T12090 44764-44767 CD denotes one T12092 44768-44774 NN denotes splice T12091 44775-44779 NN denotes form T12093 44779-44781 , denotes , T12094 44781-44784 CC denotes and T12095 44785-44788 IN denotes for T12097 44789-44793 DT denotes each T12099 44794-44804 JJ denotes subsequent T12098 44805-44809 NN denotes cDNA T12100 44809-44811 , denotes , T12101 44811-44813 PRP denotes we T12096 44814-44824 VBD denotes determined T12102 44825-44832 IN denotes whether T12104 44833-44837 NN denotes exon T12105 44838-44847 NN denotes structure T12103 44848-44851 VBD denotes was T12106 44852-44860 RB denotes mutually T12107 44861-44870 JJ denotes exclusive T12108 44871-44873 IN denotes to T12109 44874-44882 NNS denotes isoforms T12110 44883-44890 RB denotes already T12111 44891-44898 VBN denotes counted T12112 44898-44899 . denotes . T12113 44899-45058 sentence denotes We were conservative in our definition of mutually exclusive, and thus our count represents the minimum number of isoforms represented in the cDNA collection. T12114 44900-44902 PRP denotes We T12115 44903-44907 VBD denotes were T12116 44908-44920 JJ denotes conservative T12117 44921-44923 IN denotes in T12118 44924-44927 PRP$ denotes our T12119 44928-44938 NN denotes definition T12120 44939-44941 IN denotes of T12121 44942-44950 RB denotes mutually T12122 44951-44960 JJ denotes exclusive T12123 44960-44962 , denotes , T12124 44962-44965 CC denotes and T12125 44966-44970 RB denotes thus T12127 44971-44974 PRP$ denotes our T12128 44975-44980 NN denotes count T12126 44981-44991 VBZ denotes represents T12129 44992-44995 DT denotes the T12131 44996-45003 JJ denotes minimum T12130 45004-45010 NN denotes number T12132 45011-45013 IN denotes of T12133 45014-45022 NNS denotes isoforms T12134 45023-45034 VBN denotes represented T12135 45035-45037 IN denotes in T12136 45038-45041 DT denotes the T12138 45042-45046 NN denotes cDNA T12137 45047-45057 NN denotes collection T12139 45057-45058 . denotes . T12269 45060-45062 NN denotes RT T12271 45062-45063 HYPH denotes - T12270 45063-45066 NN denotes PCR T12272 45066-45195 sentence denotes " The olfactory epithelia were dissected from three adult female C57BL/6 mice, including tissues attached to the skull and septum." T12273 45067-45070 DT denotes The T12275 45071-45080 JJ denotes olfactory T12274 45081-45090 NNS denotes epithelia T12277 45091-45095 VBD denotes were T12276 45096-45105 VBN denotes dissected T12278 45106-45110 IN denotes from T12279 45111-45116 CD denotes three T12281 45117-45122 JJ denotes adult T12282 45123-45129 JJ denotes female T12283 45130-45135 NN denotes C57BL T12284 45135-45136 HYPH denotes / T12285 45136-45137 CD denotes 6 T12280 45138-45142 NNS denotes mice T12286 45142-45144 , denotes , T12287 45144-45153 VBG denotes including T12288 45154-45161 NNS denotes tissues T12289 45162-45170 VBN denotes attached T12290 45171-45173 IN denotes to T12291 45174-45177 DT denotes the T12292 45178-45183 NN denotes skull T12293 45184-45187 CC denotes and T12294 45188-45194 NN denotes septum T12295 45194-45195 . denotes . T12296 45195-45308 sentence denotes RNA was isolated using the Qiagen RNeasy midi kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA), including a DNase treatment step. T12297 45196-45199 NN denotes RNA T12299 45200-45203 VBD denotes was T12298 45204-45212 VBN denotes isolated T12300 45213-45218 VBG denotes using T12301 45219-45222 DT denotes the T12303 45223-45229 NNP denotes Qiagen T12304 45230-45236 NNP denotes RNeasy T12305 45237-45241 NN denotes midi T12302 45242-45245 NN denotes kit T12306 45246-45247 -LRB- denotes ( T12307 45247-45253 NNP denotes Qiagen T12308 45253-45255 , denotes , T12309 45255-45263 NNP denotes Valencia T12310 45263-45265 , denotes , T12311 45265-45267 NNP denotes CA T12312 45267-45269 , denotes , T12313 45269-45272 NNP denotes USA T12314 45272-45273 -RRB- denotes ) T12315 45273-45275 , denotes , T12316 45275-45284 VBG denotes including T12317 45285-45286 DT denotes a T12319 45287-45292 NN denotes DNase T12320 45293-45302 NN denotes treatment T12318 45303-45307 NN denotes step T12321 45307-45308 . denotes . T12322 45308-45537 sentence denotes First-strand cDNA was produced from 2.5 μg of RNA in a volume of 50 μl using random hexamers and Invitrogen's Superscript II reverse transcriptase (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA), according to the manufacturer's recommendations. T12323 45309-45314 JJ denotes First T12325 45314-45315 HYPH denotes - T12324 45315-45321 NN denotes strand T12326 45322-45326 NN denotes cDNA T12328 45327-45330 VBD denotes was T12327 45331-45339 VBN denotes produced T12329 45340-45344 IN denotes from T12330 45345-45348 CD denotes 2.5 T12331 45349-45351 NNS denotes μg T12332 45352-45354 IN denotes of T12333 45355-45358 NN denotes RNA T12334 45359-45361 IN denotes in T12335 45362-45363 DT denotes a T12336 45364-45370 NN denotes volume T12337 45371-45373 IN denotes of T12338 45374-45376 CD denotes 50 T12339 45377-45379 NNS denotes μl T12340 45380-45385 VBG denotes using T12341 45386-45392 JJ denotes random T12342 45393-45401 NNS denotes hexamers T12343 45402-45405 CC denotes and T12344 45406-45416 NNP denotes Invitrogen T12346 45416-45418 POS denotes 's T12347 45419-45430 NN denotes Superscript T12348 45431-45433 CD denotes II T12349 45434-45441 JJ denotes reverse T12345 45442-45455 NN denotes transcriptase T12350 45456-45457 -LRB- denotes ( T12351 45457-45467 NNP denotes Invitrogen T12352 45467-45469 , denotes , T12353 45469-45477 NNP denotes Carlsbad T12354 45477-45479 , denotes , T12355 45479-45481 NNP denotes CA T12356 45481-45483 , denotes , T12357 45483-45486 NNP denotes USA T12358 45486-45487 -RRB- denotes ) T12359 45487-45489 , denotes , T12360 45489-45498 VBG denotes according T12361 45499-45501 IN denotes to T12362 45502-45505 DT denotes the T12363 45506-45518 NN denotes manufacturer T12365 45518-45520 POS denotes 's T12364 45521-45536 NNS denotes recommendations T12366 45536-45537 . denotes . T12367 45537-45626 sentence denotes One-twenty-fifth of the resulting cDNA was used as template in subsequent PCR reactions. T12368 45538-45541 CD denotes One T12370 45541-45542 HYPH denotes - T12371 45542-45548 CD denotes twenty T12372 45548-45549 HYPH denotes - T12369 45549-45554 NN denotes fifth T12374 45555-45557 IN denotes of T12375 45558-45561 DT denotes the T12377 45562-45571 VBG denotes resulting T12376 45572-45576 NN denotes cDNA T12378 45577-45580 VBD denotes was T12373 45581-45585 VBN denotes used T12379 45586-45588 IN denotes as T12380 45589-45597 NN denotes template T12381 45598-45600 IN denotes in T12382 45601-45611 JJ denotes subsequent T12384 45612-45615 NN denotes PCR T12383 45616-45625 NNS denotes reactions T12385 45625-45626 . denotes . T12386 45626-45814 sentence denotes PCR amplification biased towards class I olfactory receptors was performed using degenerate primers P26 [17] and classI_R1 (5'-GGRTTIADIRYIGGNGG-3') with an annealing temperature of 44°C. T12387 45627-45630 NN denotes PCR T12388 45631-45644 NN denotes amplification T12390 45645-45651 JJ denotes biased T12391 45652-45659 IN denotes towards T12392 45660-45665 NN denotes class T12394 45666-45667 CD denotes I T12395 45668-45677 JJ denotes olfactory T12393 45678-45687 NNS denotes receptors T12396 45688-45691 VBD denotes was T12389 45692-45701 VBN denotes performed T12397 45702-45707 VBG denotes using T12398 45708-45718 JJ denotes degenerate T12400 45719-45726 NNS denotes primers T12399 45727-45730 NN denotes P26 T12401 45731-45732 -LRB- denotes [ T12402 45732-45734 CD denotes 17 T12403 45734-45735 -RRB- denotes ] T12404 45736-45739 CC denotes and T12405 45740-45749 NN denotes classI_R1 T12406 45750-45751 -LRB- denotes ( T12408 45751-45752 CD denotes 5 T12409 45752-45753 SYM denotes ' T12410 45753-45754 HYPH denotes - T12407 45754-45771 NN denotes GGRTTIADIRYIGGNGG T12411 45771-45772 HYPH denotes - T12412 45772-45773 CD denotes 3 T12413 45773-45774 SYM denotes ' T12414 45774-45775 -RRB- denotes ) T12415 45776-45780 IN denotes with T12416 45781-45783 DT denotes an T12418 45784-45793 JJ denotes annealing T12417 45794-45805 NN denotes temperature T12419 45806-45808 IN denotes of T12420 45809-45811 CD denotes 44 T12421 45811-45813 NNS denotes °C T12422 45813-45814 . denotes . T12423 45814-45905 sentence denotes The product was cloned (TA cloning kit, Invitrogen), and individual clones were sequenced. T12424 45815-45818 DT denotes The T12425 45819-45826 NN denotes product T12427 45827-45830 VBD denotes was T12426 45831-45837 VBN denotes cloned T12428 45838-45839 -LRB- denotes ( T12430 45839-45841 NN denotes TA T12432 45842-45849 NN denotes cloning T12431 45850-45853 NN denotes kit T12433 45853-45855 , denotes , T12429 45855-45865 NNP denotes Invitrogen T12434 45865-45866 -RRB- denotes ) T12435 45866-45868 , denotes , T12436 45868-45871 CC denotes and T12437 45872-45882 JJ denotes individual T12438 45883-45889 NNS denotes clones T12440 45890-45894 VBD denotes were T12439 45895-45904 VBN denotes sequenced T12441 45904-45905 . denotes . T12442 45905-46029 sentence denotes Specific PCR primers used to confirm expression of individual olfactory receptor genes are given in Additional data file 1. T12443 45906-45914 JJ denotes Specific T12445 45915-45918 NN denotes PCR T12444 45919-45926 NNS denotes primers T12447 45927-45931 VBN denotes used T12448 45932-45934 TO denotes to T12449 45935-45942 VB denotes confirm T12450 45943-45953 NN denotes expression T12451 45954-45956 IN denotes of T12452 45957-45967 JJ denotes individual T12454 45968-45977 JJ denotes olfactory T12455 45978-45986 NN denotes receptor T12453 45987-45992 NNS denotes genes T12456 45993-45996 VBP denotes are T12446 45997-46002 VBN denotes given T12457 46003-46005 IN denotes in T12458 46006-46016 JJ denotes Additional T12460 46017-46021 NNS denotes data T12459 46022-46026 NN denotes file T12461 46027-46028 CD denotes 1 T12462 46028-46029 . denotes . T12463 46029-46128 sentence denotes Each PCR product was sequenced to confirm that the expected gene and no others had been amplified. T12464 46030-46034 DT denotes Each T12466 46035-46038 NN denotes PCR T12465 46039-46046 NN denotes product T12468 46047-46050 VBD denotes was T12467 46051-46060 VBN denotes sequenced T12469 46061-46063 TO denotes to T12470 46064-46071 VB denotes confirm T12471 46072-46076 IN denotes that T12473 46077-46080 DT denotes the T12475 46081-46089 VBN denotes expected T12474 46090-46094 NN denotes gene T12476 46095-46098 CC denotes and T12477 46099-46101 DT denotes no T12478 46102-46108 NNS denotes others T12479 46109-46112 VBD denotes had T12480 46113-46117 VBN denotes been T12472 46118-46127 VBN denotes amplified T12481 46127-46128 . denotes . T12482 46128-46287 sentence denotes Control reactions on a template made by omitting reverse transcriptase gave no product, indicating that the RNA preparation was uncontaminated by genomic DNA. T12483 46129-46136 NN denotes Control T12484 46137-46146 NNS denotes reactions T12486 46147-46149 IN denotes on T12487 46150-46151 DT denotes a T12488 46152-46160 NN denotes template T12489 46161-46165 VBN denotes made T12490 46166-46168 IN denotes by T12491 46169-46177 VBG denotes omitting T12492 46178-46185 JJ denotes reverse T12493 46186-46199 NN denotes transcriptase T12485 46200-46204 VBD denotes gave T12494 46205-46207 DT denotes no T12495 46208-46215 NN denotes product T12496 46215-46217 , denotes , T12497 46217-46227 VBG denotes indicating T12498 46228-46232 IN denotes that T12500 46233-46236 DT denotes the T12502 46237-46240 NN denotes RNA T12501 46241-46252 NN denotes preparation T12499 46253-46256 VBD denotes was T12503 46257-46271 JJ denotes uncontaminated T12504 46272-46274 IN denotes by T12505 46275-46282 JJ denotes genomic T12506 46283-46286 NN denotes DNA T12507 46286-46287 . denotes . T12508 46287-46490 sentence denotes " Relative transcript levels were estimated using real-time PCR according to Applied Biosystems' protocols, with magnesium concentration, primer pair and fluorescent probe given in Additional data file 2." T12509 46288-46296 JJ denotes Relative T12511 46297-46307 NN denotes transcript T12510 46308-46314 NNS denotes levels T12513 46315-46319 VBD denotes were T12512 46320-46329 VBN denotes estimated T12514 46330-46335 VBG denotes using T12515 46336-46340 JJ denotes real T12517 46340-46341 HYPH denotes - T12516 46341-46345 NN denotes time T12518 46346-46349 NN denotes PCR T12519 46350-46359 VBG denotes according T12520 46360-46362 IN denotes to T12521 46363-46370 NNP denotes Applied T12522 46371-46381 NNP denotes Biosystems T12524 46381-46382 POS denotes ' T12523 46383-46392 NNS denotes protocols T12525 46392-46394 , denotes , T12526 46394-46398 IN denotes with T12528 46399-46408 NN denotes magnesium T12529 46409-46422 NN denotes concentration T12530 46422-46424 , denotes , T12531 46424-46430 NN denotes primer T12532 46431-46435 NN denotes pair T12533 46436-46439 CC denotes and T12534 46440-46451 JJ denotes fluorescent T12535 46452-46457 NN denotes probe T12527 46458-46463 VBN denotes given T12536 46464-46466 IN denotes in T12537 46467-46477 JJ denotes Additional T12539 46478-46482 NNS denotes data T12538 46483-46487 NN denotes file T12540 46488-46489 CD denotes 2 T12541 46489-46490 . denotes . T12542 46490-46577 sentence denotes The increase in fluorescence during thermocycling was measured on an ABI PRISM 7900HT. T12543 46491-46494 DT denotes The T12544 46495-46503 NN denotes increase T12546 46504-46506 IN denotes in T12547 46507-46519 NN denotes fluorescence T12548 46520-46526 IN denotes during T12549 46527-46540 NN denotes thermocycling T12550 46541-46544 VBD denotes was T12545 46545-46553 VBN denotes measured T12551 46554-46556 IN denotes on T12552 46557-46559 DT denotes an T12554 46560-46563 NN denotes ABI T12555 46564-46569 NN denotes PRISM T12553 46570-46576 NN denotes 7900HT T12556 46576-46577 . denotes . T12557 46577-46775 sentence denotes Standard curves were constructed for each primer pair using triplicate samples of mouse genomic DNA of nine known concentrations (range 0.01-100 ng, or about 3-30,000 copies of the haploid genome). T12558 46578-46586 JJ denotes Standard T12559 46587-46593 NNS denotes curves T12561 46594-46598 VBD denotes were T12560 46599-46610 VBN denotes constructed T12562 46611-46614 IN denotes for T12563 46615-46619 DT denotes each T12565 46620-46626 NN denotes primer T12564 46627-46631 NN denotes pair T12566 46632-46637 VBG denotes using T12567 46638-46648 NN denotes triplicate T12568 46649-46656 NNS denotes samples T12569 46657-46659 IN denotes of T12570 46660-46665 NN denotes mouse T12572 46666-46673 JJ denotes genomic T12571 46674-46677 NN denotes DNA T12573 46678-46680 IN denotes of T12574 46681-46685 CD denotes nine T12576 46686-46691 VBN denotes known T12575 46692-46706 NNS denotes concentrations T12577 46707-46708 -LRB- denotes ( T12579 46708-46713 NN denotes range T12580 46714-46718 CD denotes 0.01 T12582 46718-46719 SYM denotes - T12581 46719-46722 CD denotes 100 T12578 46723-46725 NNS denotes ng T12583 46725-46727 , denotes , T12584 46727-46729 CC denotes or T12585 46730-46735 RB denotes about T12587 46736-46737 CD denotes 3 T12588 46737-46738 SYM denotes - T12586 46738-46744 CD denotes 30,000 T12589 46745-46751 NNS denotes copies T12590 46752-46754 IN denotes of T12591 46755-46758 DT denotes the T12593 46759-46766 NN denotes haploid T12592 46767-46773 NN denotes genome T12594 46773-46774 -RRB- denotes ) T12595 46774-46775 . denotes . T12596 46775-47034 sentence denotes Relative expression level of each gene was determined by comparing the mean Ct (cycle where fluorescence reaches an arbitrary threshold value) obtained with six replicate samples of reverse-transcribed RNA to the standard curve for the corresponding primers. T12597 46776-46784 JJ denotes Relative T12599 46785-46795 NN denotes expression T12598 46796-46801 NN denotes level T12601 46802-46804 IN denotes of T12602 46805-46809 DT denotes each T12603 46810-46814 NN denotes gene T12604 46815-46818 VBD denotes was T12600 46819-46829 VBN denotes determined T12605 46830-46832 IN denotes by T12606 46833-46842 VBG denotes comparing T12607 46843-46846 DT denotes the T12609 46847-46851 JJ denotes mean T12608 46852-46854 NN denotes Ct T12610 46855-46856 -LRB- denotes ( T12611 46856-46861 NN denotes cycle T12612 46862-46867 WRB denotes where T12614 46868-46880 NN denotes fluorescence T12613 46881-46888 VBZ denotes reaches T12615 46889-46891 DT denotes an T12617 46892-46901 JJ denotes arbitrary T12618 46902-46911 NN denotes threshold T12616 46912-46917 NN denotes value T12619 46917-46918 -RRB- denotes ) T12620 46919-46927 VBN denotes obtained T12621 46928-46932 IN denotes with T12622 46933-46936 CD denotes six T12624 46937-46946 NN denotes replicate T12623 46947-46954 NNS denotes samples T12625 46955-46957 IN denotes of T12626 46958-46965 JJ denotes reverse T12628 46965-46966 HYPH denotes - T12627 46966-46977 JJ denotes transcribed T12629 46978-46981 NN denotes RNA T12630 46982-46984 IN denotes to T12631 46985-46988 DT denotes the T12633 46989-46997 JJ denotes standard T12632 46998-47003 NN denotes curve T12634 47004-47007 IN denotes for T12635 47008-47011 DT denotes the T12637 47012-47025 VBG denotes corresponding T12636 47026-47033 NNS denotes primers T12638 47033-47034 . denotes . T12639 47034-47137 sentence denotes Relative RNA levels of a housekeeping gene, ribosomal S16, were measured as previously described [52]. T12640 47035-47043 JJ denotes Relative T12642 47044-47047 NN denotes RNA T12641 47048-47054 NNS denotes levels T12644 47055-47057 IN denotes of T12645 47058-47059 DT denotes a T12647 47060-47072 NN denotes housekeeping T12646 47073-47077 NN denotes gene T12648 47077-47079 , denotes , T12649 47079-47088 JJ denotes ribosomal T12650 47089-47092 NN denotes S16 T12651 47092-47094 , denotes , T12652 47094-47098 VBD denotes were T12643 47099-47107 VBN denotes measured T12653 47108-47110 IN denotes as T12655 47111-47121 RB denotes previously T12654 47122-47131 VBN denotes described T12656 47132-47133 -LRB- denotes [ T12657 47133-47135 CD denotes 52 T12658 47135-47136 -RRB- denotes ] T12659 47136-47137 . denotes . T12660 47137-47280 sentence denotes Control reactions on template prepared by omitting reverse transcriptase amplified at a relative level of 0.03 ± 0.01 ng or less in each case. T12661 47138-47145 NN denotes Control T12662 47146-47155 NNS denotes reactions T12664 47156-47158 IN denotes on T12665 47159-47167 NN denotes template T12666 47168-47176 VBN denotes prepared T12667 47177-47179 IN denotes by T12668 47180-47188 VBG denotes omitting T12669 47189-47196 JJ denotes reverse T12670 47197-47210 NN denotes transcriptase T12663 47211-47220 VBN denotes amplified T12671 47221-47223 IN denotes at T12672 47224-47225 DT denotes a T12674 47226-47234 JJ denotes relative T12673 47235-47240 NN denotes level T12675 47241-47243 IN denotes of T12676 47244-47248 CD denotes 0.03 T12678 47249-47250 SYM denotes ± T12677 47251-47255 CD denotes 0.01 T12679 47256-47258 NNS denotes ng T12680 47259-47261 CC denotes or T12681 47262-47266 JJR denotes less T12682 47267-47269 IN denotes in T12683 47270-47274 DT denotes each T12684 47275-47279 NN denotes case T12685 47279-47280 . denotes . T12686 47280-47408 sentence denotes Expression measurements of the seven genes were normalized for each mouse so that S16 levels were equal to 1 (arbitrary units). T12687 47281-47291 NN denotes Expression T12688 47292-47304 NNS denotes measurements T12690 47305-47307 IN denotes of T12691 47308-47311 DT denotes the T12693 47312-47317 CD denotes seven T12692 47318-47323 NNS denotes genes T12694 47324-47328 VBD denotes were T12689 47329-47339 VBN denotes normalized T12695 47340-47343 IN denotes for T12696 47344-47348 DT denotes each T12697 47349-47354 NN denotes mouse T12698 47355-47357 IN denotes so T12700 47358-47362 IN denotes that T12701 47363-47366 NN denotes S16 T12702 47367-47373 NNS denotes levels T12699 47374-47378 VBD denotes were T12703 47379-47384 JJ denotes equal T12704 47385-47387 IN denotes to T12705 47388-47389 CD denotes 1 T12706 47390-47391 -LRB- denotes ( T12708 47391-47400 JJ denotes arbitrary T12707 47401-47406 NNS denotes units T12709 47406-47407 -RRB- denotes ) T12710 47407-47408 . denotes . T12805 47410-47412 FW denotes In T12806 47413-47417 FW denotes situ T12807 47418-47431 NN denotes hybridization T12808 47431-47547 sentence denotes " Coronal sections were cut from the olfactory epithelia of an adult mouse (Figure 4) and a young (P6) C57BL/6 mouse." T12809 47432-47439 JJ denotes Coronal T12810 47440-47448 NNS denotes sections T12812 47449-47453 VBD denotes were T12811 47454-47457 VBN denotes cut T12813 47458-47462 IN denotes from T12814 47463-47466 DT denotes the T12816 47467-47476 JJ denotes olfactory T12815 47477-47486 NNS denotes epithelia T12817 47487-47489 IN denotes of T12818 47490-47492 DT denotes an T12820 47493-47498 JJ denotes adult T12819 47499-47504 NN denotes mouse T12821 47505-47506 -LRB- denotes ( T12822 47506-47512 NN denotes Figure T12823 47513-47514 CD denotes 4 T12824 47514-47515 -RRB- denotes ) T12825 47516-47519 CC denotes and T12826 47520-47521 DT denotes a T12828 47522-47527 JJ denotes young T12829 47528-47529 -LRB- denotes ( T12830 47529-47531 NN denotes P6 T12831 47531-47532 -RRB- denotes ) T12832 47533-47538 NN denotes C57BL T12833 47538-47539 HYPH denotes / T12834 47539-47540 CD denotes 6 T12827 47541-47546 NN denotes mouse T12835 47546-47547 . denotes . T12836 47547-47742 sentence denotes RNA in situ hybridization was carried out as described previously [15,53] with digoxigenin-labeled antisense riboprobes specific for the 3' UTRs of genes AY318555 (0.5 kb) and AY317365 (0.5 kb). T12837 47548-47551 NN denotes RNA T12839 47552-47554 FW denotes in T12840 47555-47559 FW denotes situ T12838 47560-47573 NN denotes hybridization T12842 47574-47577 VBD denotes was T12841 47578-47585 VBN denotes carried T12843 47586-47589 RP denotes out T12844 47590-47592 IN denotes as T12845 47593-47602 VBN denotes described T12846 47603-47613 RB denotes previously T12847 47614-47615 -LRB- denotes [ T12849 47615-47617 CD denotes 15 T12850 47617-47618 , denotes , T12848 47618-47620 CD denotes 53 T12851 47620-47621 -RRB- denotes ] T12852 47622-47626 IN denotes with T12853 47627-47638 NN denotes digoxigenin T12855 47638-47639 HYPH denotes - T12854 47639-47646 VBN denotes labeled T12857 47647-47656 JJ denotes antisense T12856 47657-47667 NNS denotes riboprobes T12858 47668-47676 JJ denotes specific T12859 47677-47680 IN denotes for T12860 47681-47684 DT denotes the T12862 47685-47686 CD denotes 3 T12863 47686-47687 SYM denotes ' T12861 47688-47692 NNS denotes UTRs T12864 47693-47695 IN denotes of T12865 47696-47701 NNS denotes genes T12866 47702-47710 NN denotes AY318555 T12867 47711-47712 -LRB- denotes ( T12869 47712-47715 CD denotes 0.5 T12868 47716-47718 NN denotes kb T12870 47718-47719 -RRB- denotes ) T12871 47720-47723 CC denotes and T12872 47724-47732 NN denotes AY317365 T12873 47733-47734 -LRB- denotes ( T12875 47734-47737 CD denotes 0.5 T12874 47738-47740 NN denotes kb T12876 47740-47741 -RRB- denotes ) T12877 47741-47742 . denotes . T12878 47742-47976 sentence denotes Riboprobe sequences were generated by PCR using primer pairs 5'-TCTTCCAAACCTGGACCCCCC-3' and 5'-ATCTCTCCAGCACCTTACTTG-3' for AY318555 and primer pairs 5'-TAAGATGTAAGTGATAATTTAGATTACAGG-3' and 5'-TTTCTGCCTCAGCTATGACAG-3' for AY317365. T12879 47743-47752 NN denotes Riboprobe T12880 47753-47762 NNS denotes sequences T12882 47763-47767 VBD denotes were T12881 47768-47777 VBN denotes generated T12883 47778-47780 IN denotes by T12884 47781-47784 NN denotes PCR T12885 47785-47790 VBG denotes using T12886 47791-47797 NN denotes primer T12887 47798-47803 NNS denotes pairs T12888 47804-47805 CD denotes 5 T12890 47805-47806 SYM denotes ' T12891 47806-47807 HYPH denotes - T12889 47807-47828 NN denotes TCTTCCAAACCTGGACCCCCC T12892 47828-47829 HYPH denotes - T12893 47829-47830 CD denotes 3 T12894 47830-47831 SYM denotes ' T12895 47832-47835 CC denotes and T12896 47836-47837 CD denotes 5 T12898 47837-47838 SYM denotes ' T12899 47838-47839 HYPH denotes - T12897 47839-47860 NN denotes ATCTCTCCAGCACCTTACTTG T12900 47860-47861 HYPH denotes - T12901 47861-47862 CD denotes 3 T12902 47862-47863 SYM denotes ' T12903 47864-47867 IN denotes for T12904 47868-47876 NN denotes AY318555 T12905 47877-47880 CC denotes and T12906 47881-47887 NN denotes primer T12907 47888-47893 NNS denotes pairs T12908 47894-47895 CD denotes 5 T12910 47895-47896 SYM denotes ' T12911 47896-47897 HYPH denotes - T12909 47897-47927 NN denotes TAAGATGTAAGTGATAATTTAGATTACAGG T12912 47927-47928 HYPH denotes - T12913 47928-47929 CD denotes 3 T12914 47929-47930 SYM denotes ' T12915 47931-47934 CC denotes and T12916 47935-47936 CD denotes 5 T12918 47936-47937 SYM denotes ' T12919 47937-47938 HYPH denotes - T12917 47938-47959 NN denotes TTTCTGCCTCAGCTATGACAG T12920 47959-47960 HYPH denotes - T12921 47960-47961 CD denotes 3 T12922 47961-47962 SYM denotes ' T12923 47963-47966 IN denotes for T12924 47967-47975 NN denotes AY317365 T12925 47975-47976 . denotes . T12926 47976-48093 sentence denotes Hybridization was carried out in 50% formamide at 65°C, and slides were washed at high stringency (65°C, 0.2 × SSC). T12927 47977-47990 NN denotes Hybridization T12929 47991-47994 VBD denotes was T12928 47995-48002 VBN denotes carried T12930 48003-48006 RP denotes out T12931 48007-48009 IN denotes in T12932 48010-48012 CD denotes 50 T12933 48012-48013 NN denotes % T12934 48014-48023 NN denotes formamide T12935 48024-48026 IN denotes at T12936 48027-48029 CD denotes 65 T12937 48029-48031 NNS denotes °C T12938 48031-48033 , denotes , T12939 48033-48036 CC denotes and T12940 48037-48043 NNS denotes slides T12942 48044-48048 VBD denotes were T12941 48049-48055 VBN denotes washed T12943 48056-48058 IN denotes at T12944 48059-48063 JJ denotes high T12945 48064-48074 NN denotes stringency T12946 48075-48076 -LRB- denotes ( T12948 48076-48078 CD denotes 65 T12947 48078-48080 NNS denotes °C T12949 48080-48082 , denotes , T12950 48082-48085 CD denotes 0.2 T12952 48086-48087 SYM denotes × T12951 48088-48091 NN denotes SSC T12953 48091-48092 -RRB- denotes ) T12954 48092-48093 . denotes . T12955 48093-48225 sentence denotes The probes each hybridize to only one band on a Southern blot, indicating that each probe only detects one olfactory receptor gene. T12956 48094-48097 DT denotes The T12957 48098-48104 NNS denotes probes T12959 48105-48109 DT denotes each T12958 48110-48119 VBP denotes hybridize T12960 48120-48122 IN denotes to T12961 48123-48127 RB denotes only T12963 48128-48131 CD denotes one T12962 48132-48136 NN denotes band T12964 48137-48139 IN denotes on T12965 48140-48141 DT denotes a T12967 48142-48150 NNP denotes Southern T12966 48151-48155 NN denotes blot T12968 48155-48157 , denotes , T12969 48157-48167 VBG denotes indicating T12970 48168-48172 IN denotes that T12972 48173-48177 DT denotes each T12973 48178-48183 NN denotes probe T12974 48184-48188 RB denotes only T12971 48189-48196 VBZ denotes detects T12975 48197-48200 CD denotes one T12977 48201-48210 JJ denotes olfactory T12978 48211-48219 NN denotes receptor T12976 48220-48224 NN denotes gene T12979 48224-48225 . denotes . T12980 48225-48400 sentence denotes BLAST analyses show that the AY318555 probe is unique in Celera's mouse genome assembly (Release 13), and that the AY317365 probe is similar to only one other genomic region. T12981 48226-48231 NN denotes BLAST T12982 48232-48240 NNS denotes analyses T12983 48241-48245 VBP denotes show T12984 48246-48250 IN denotes that T12986 48251-48254 DT denotes the T12988 48255-48263 NN denotes AY318555 T12987 48264-48269 NN denotes probe T12985 48270-48272 VBZ denotes is T12989 48273-48279 JJ denotes unique T12990 48280-48282 IN denotes in T12991 48283-48289 NNP denotes Celera T12993 48289-48291 POS denotes 's T12994 48292-48297 NN denotes mouse T12995 48298-48304 NN denotes genome T12992 48305-48313 NN denotes assembly T12996 48314-48315 -LRB- denotes ( T12997 48315-48322 NN denotes Release T12998 48323-48325 CD denotes 13 T12999 48325-48326 -RRB- denotes ) T13000 48326-48328 , denotes , T13001 48328-48331 CC denotes and T13002 48332-48336 IN denotes that T13004 48337-48340 DT denotes the T13006 48341-48349 NN denotes AY317365 T13005 48350-48355 NN denotes probe T13003 48356-48358 VBZ denotes is T13007 48359-48366 JJ denotes similar T13008 48367-48369 IN denotes to T13009 48370-48374 RB denotes only T13011 48375-48378 CD denotes one T13012 48379-48384 JJ denotes other T13013 48385-48392 JJ denotes genomic T13010 48393-48399 NN denotes region T13014 48399-48400 . denotes . T13015 48400-48585 sentence denotes This potential cross-hybridizing region is over 10 Mb from the nearest olfactory receptor coding region and is thus highly unlikely to be included in any olfactory receptor transcript. T13016 48401-48405 DT denotes This T13018 48406-48415 JJ denotes potential T13019 48416-48433 JJ denotes cross-hybridizing T13017 48434-48440 NN denotes region T13020 48441-48443 VBZ denotes is T13021 48444-48448 IN denotes over T13022 48449-48451 CD denotes 10 T13023 48452-48454 NNS denotes Mb T13024 48455-48459 IN denotes from T13025 48460-48463 DT denotes the T13027 48464-48471 JJS denotes nearest T13028 48472-48481 JJ denotes olfactory T13029 48482-48490 NN denotes receptor T13030 48491-48497 NN denotes coding T13026 48498-48504 NN denotes region T13031 48505-48508 CC denotes and T13032 48509-48511 VBZ denotes is T13033 48512-48516 RB denotes thus T13034 48517-48523 RB denotes highly T13035 48524-48532 JJ denotes unlikely T13036 48533-48535 TO denotes to T13038 48536-48538 VB denotes be T13037 48539-48547 VBN denotes included T13039 48548-48550 IN denotes in T13040 48551-48554 DT denotes any T13042 48555-48564 JJ denotes olfactory T13043 48565-48573 NN denotes receptor T13041 48574-48584 NN denotes transcript T13044 48584-48585 . denotes . T13045 48585-48688 sentence denotes Low-power images are composed of three overlapping micrographs (40×) assembled in Adobe Photoshop 7.0. T13046 48586-48589 JJ denotes Low T13048 48589-48590 HYPH denotes - T13047 48590-48595 NN denotes power T13049 48596-48602 NNS denotes images T13051 48603-48606 VBP denotes are T13050 48607-48615 VBN denotes composed T13052 48616-48618 IN denotes of T13053 48619-48624 CD denotes three T13055 48625-48636 VBG denotes overlapping T13054 48637-48648 NNS denotes micrographs T13056 48649-48650 -LRB- denotes ( T13057 48650-48652 CD denotes 40 T13058 48652-48653 SYM denotes × T13059 48653-48654 -RRB- denotes ) T13060 48655-48664 VBN denotes assembled T13061 48665-48667 IN denotes in T13062 48668-48673 NNP denotes Adobe T13063 48674-48683 NN denotes Photoshop T13064 48684-48687 CD denotes 7.0 T13065 48687-48688 . denotes . T13084 48712-48713 DT denotes A T13085 48714-48718 NN denotes list T13087 48719-48721 IN denotes of T13088 48722-48725 DT denotes the T13089 48726-48733 NNS denotes primers T13090 48734-48738 VBN denotes used T13091 48739-48741 TO denotes to T13092 48742-48749 VB denotes confirm T13093 48750-48753 DT denotes the T13094 48754-48764 NN denotes expression T13095 48765-48767 IN denotes of T13096 48768-48777 JJ denotes olfactory T13097 48778-48786 NN denotes receptor T13098 48787-48792 NNS denotes genes T13099 48793-48795 IN denotes by T13100 48796-48798 NN denotes RT T13102 48798-48799 HYPH denotes - T13101 48799-48802 NN denotes PCR T13103 48803-48806 CC denotes and T13104 48807-48810 NN denotes PCR T13105 48811-48815 IN denotes from T13106 48816-48820 NN denotes cDNA T13108 48821-48828 NN denotes library T13107 48829-48838 NNS denotes templates T13109 48839-48842 MD denotes can T13110 48843-48845 VB denotes be T13086 48846-48851 VBN denotes found T13111 48852-48854 IN denotes in T13112 48855-48865 JJ denotes Additional T13114 48866-48870 NNS denotes data T13113 48871-48875 NN denotes file T13115 48876-48877 CD denotes 1 T13116 48877-48878 . denotes . T13117 48878-48969 sentence denotes The experimental conditions used for real-time PCR can be found in Additional data file 2. T13118 48879-48882 DT denotes The T13120 48883-48895 JJ denotes experimental T13119 48896-48906 NNS denotes conditions T13122 48907-48911 VBN denotes used T13123 48912-48915 IN denotes for T13124 48916-48920 JJ denotes real T13126 48920-48921 HYPH denotes - T13125 48921-48925 NN denotes time T13127 48926-48929 NN denotes PCR T13128 48930-48933 MD denotes can T13129 48934-48936 VB denotes be T13121 48937-48942 VBN denotes found T13130 48943-48945 IN denotes in T13131 48946-48956 JJ denotes Additional T13133 48957-48961 NNS denotes data T13132 48962-48966 NN denotes file T13134 48967-48968 CD denotes 2 T13135 48968-48969 . denotes . R10 T306 T301 prep for,is R100 T405 T406 nsubj Differences,are R1000 T1915 T1884 conj feedback,send R1001 T1916 T1917 aux to,enhance R1002 T1917 T1915 advcl enhance,feedback R1003 T1918 T1919 poss its,expression R1004 T1919 T1917 dobj expression,enhance R1005 T1920 T1919 amod own,expression R1006 T1921 T1884 punct .,send R1007 T2010 T2008 pobj genes,for R1008 T1923 T1924 prep In,share R1009 T2011 T2001 cc and,sequences R101 T407 T405 prep for,Differences R1010 T1925 T1926 det the,models R1011 T1926 T1923 pobj models,In R1012 T1927 T1926 amod latter,models R1013 T2012 T2001 punct """, "",sequences" R1014 T1928 T1926 nummod three,models R1015 T2013 T2014 advmod therefore,dataset R1016 T1929 T1924 punct """, "",share" R1017 T2014 T2001 conj dataset,sequences R1018 T1930 T1924 nsubj some,share R1019 T1931 T1930 cc or,some R102 T408 T409 nummod one,pair R1020 T1932 T1933 nmod all,genes R1021 T2015 T2014 punct """, "",dataset" R1022 T1933 T1930 conj genes,some R1023 T1934 T1935 amod olfactory,receptor R1024 T1935 T1933 compound receptor,genes R1025 T2016 T2014 det a,dataset R1026 T1936 T1924 aux might,share R1027 T1937 T1938 compound transcription,factor R1028 T1938 T1939 compound factor,binding R1029 T2017 T2014 amod large,dataset R103 T409 T407 pobj pair,for R1030 T1939 T1940 compound binding,motifs R1031 T1940 T1924 dobj motifs,share R1032 T2018 T2014 prep of,dataset R1033 T1941 T1924 punct """, "",share" R1034 T1942 T1924 cc and,share R1035 T1943 T1944 prep in,share R1036 T2019 T2020 compound candidate,promoter R1037 T1944 T1924 conj share,share R1038 T1945 T1946 det the,model R1039 T2020 T2021 compound promoter,regions R104 T410 T409 compound gene,pair R1040 T1946 T1943 pobj model,in R1041 T1947 T1946 amod first,model R1042 T2021 T2018 pobj regions,of R1043 T1948 T1944 punct """, "",share" R1044 T1949 T1950 amod olfactory,receptor R1045 T2022 T1999 punct .,provides R1046 T1950 T1951 compound receptor,genes R1047 T1951 T1944 nsubj genes,share R1048 T2024 T2025 amod Olfactory,receptor R1049 T1952 T1944 aux might,share R105 T411 T406 advmod apparently,are R1050 T1953 T1954 det a,signal R1051 T1954 T1944 dobj signal,share R1052 T1955 T1954 amod common,signal R1053 T1956 T1954 compound recombination,signal R1054 T1957 T1944 punct .,share R1055 T2025 T2026 compound receptor,genes R1056 T1959 T1960 prep In,is R1057 T1961 T1959 pobj order,In R1058 T2026 T2027 nsubj genes,have R1059 T1962 T1963 aux to,perform R106 T412 T406 prep due,are R1060 T1963 T1961 acl perform,order R1061 T1964 T1965 amod computational,searches R1062 T2028 T2029 det an,region R1063 T1965 T1963 dobj searches,perform R1064 T1966 T1964 cc and,computational R1065 T1967 T1964 conj experimental,computational R1066 T1968 T1965 prep for,searches R1067 T2029 T2027 dobj region,have R1068 T1969 T1970 amod such,signals R1069 T1970 T1968 pobj signals,for R107 T413 T412 pcomp to,due R1070 T1971 T1960 punct """, "",is" R1071 T2030 T2029 amod intronless,region R1072 T1972 T1960 nsubj it,is R1073 T1973 T1960 acomp important,is R1074 T2031 T2029 amod coding,region R1075 T1974 T1975 aux to,have R1076 T1975 T1960 xcomp have,is R1077 T1976 T1977 det a,idea R1078 T2032 T2027 punct """, "",have" R1079 T1977 T1975 dobj idea,have R108 T414 T415 preconj both,numbers R1080 T1978 T1977 amod better,idea R1081 T1979 T1977 prep of,idea R1082 T1980 T1981 det the,site R1083 T2033 T2027 advcl simplifying,have R1084 T1981 T1979 pobj site,of R1085 T1982 T1981 amod transcriptional,site R1086 T2034 T2035 preconj both,computational R1087 T1983 T1981 compound start,site R1088 T1984 T1981 prep of,site R1089 T1985 T1986 det a,number R109 T415 T412 pobj numbers,due R1090 T2035 T2036 amod computational,identification R1091 T1986 T1984 pobj number,of R1092 T1987 T1986 amod large,number R1093 T1988 T1986 prep of,number R1094 T2036 T2033 dobj identification,simplifying R1095 T1989 T1990 amod olfactory,receptor R1096 T1990 T1991 compound receptor,genes R1097 T2037 T2035 cc and,computational R1098 T1991 T1988 pobj genes,of R1099 T1992 T1960 punct .,is R11 T307 T308 advmod very,few R110 T416 T415 amod unequal,numbers R1100 T2038 T2035 conj experimental,computational R1101 T1994 T1995 poss Our,collection R1102 T1995 T1999 nsubj collection,provides R1103 T1996 T1997 amod olfactory,receptor R1104 T1997 T1995 compound receptor,collection R1105 T1998 T1995 compound EST,collection R1106 T2039 T2040 amod olfactory,receptor R1107 T2000 T2001 nummod 5,sequences R1108 T2001 T1999 dobj sequences,provides R1109 T2040 T2036 compound receptor,identification R111 T417 T415 prep of,numbers R1110 T2002 T2000 punct ',5 R1111 T2003 T2004 amod untranslated,region R1112 T2004 T2001 nmod region,sequences R1113 T2041 T2027 punct .,have R1114 T2005 T2004 punct (,region R1115 T2006 T2004 appos UTR,region R1116 T2007 T2001 punct ),sequences R1117 T2008 T2001 prep for,sequences R1118 T2043 T2044 prep For,determined R1119 T2045 T2046 det a,number R112 T418 T419 amod expressing,cells R1120 T2046 T2043 pobj number,For R1121 T2115 T2116 punct -,27 R1122 T2047 T2046 amod small,number R1123 T2116 T2114 prep 27,25 R1124 T2117 T2114 punct ],25 R1125 T2118 T2094 punct .,described R1126 T2048 T2046 prep of,number R1127 T2120 T2121 compound cDNA,identification R1128 T2049 T2050 amod olfactory,receptors R1129 T2121 T2122 nsubjpass identification,used R113 T419 T417 pobj cells,of R1130 T2123 T2121 cc and,identification R1131 T2050 T2048 pobj receptors,of R1132 T2124 T2125 compound RACE,data R1133 T2125 T2121 conj data,identification R1134 T2126 T2122 aux have,used R1135 T2051 T2044 punct """, "",determined" R1136 T2127 T2122 auxpass been,used R1137 T2128 T2129 aux to,determine R1138 T2129 T2122 advcl determine,used R1139 T2052 T2053 compound gene,structure R114 T420 T415 cc and,numbers R1140 T2130 T2131 compound gene,structure R1141 T2131 T2129 dobj structure,determine R1142 T2132 T2129 prep for,determine R1143 T2053 T2044 nsubjpass structure,determined R1144 T2133 T2134 advmod about,30 R1145 T2134 T2135 nummod 30,genes R1146 T2054 T2044 aux has,determined R1147 T2135 T2132 pobj genes,for R1148 T2136 T2137 punct """, "",see" R1149 T2137 T2122 parataxis see,used R115 T421 T422 amod unequal,levels R1150 T2055 T2044 auxpass been,determined R1151 T2138 T2137 punct """, "",see" R1152 T2139 T2140 prep for,23 R1153 T2140 T2137 dobj 23,see R1154 T2056 T2044 punct .,determined R1155 T2141 T2139 pobj example,for R1156 T2142 T2140 punct """, "",23" R1157 T2143 T2140 punct [,23 R1158 T2144 T2140 nummod 19,23 R1159 T2145 T2140 punct ""","",23" R116 T422 T415 conj levels,numbers R1160 T2058 T2059 amod Additional,exons R1161 T2146 T2137 punct ],see R1162 T2147 T2122 punct .,used R1163 T2149 T2150 advmod However,been R1164 T2059 T2063 nsubj exons,lie R1165 T2151 T2150 punct """, "",been" R1166 T2152 T2153 amod computational,prediction R1167 T2153 T2150 nsubj prediction,been R1168 T2060 T2059 nummod 5,exons R1169 T2154 T2153 prep of,prediction R117 T423 T422 compound transcript,levels R1170 T2155 T2156 det the,location R1171 T2156 T2154 pobj location,of R1172 T2061 T2060 punct ',5 R1173 T2157 T2156 prep of,location R1174 T2158 T2159 nummod 5,exons R1175 T2159 T2157 pobj exons,of R1176 T2062 T2059 amod untranslated,exons R1177 T2160 T2158 punct ',5 R1178 T2161 T2159 amod upstream,exons R1179 T2162 T2153 cc and,prediction R118 T424 T422 prep per,levels R1180 T2064 T2063 advmod upstream,lie R1181 T2163 T2164 det the,extent R1182 T2164 T2153 conj extent,prediction R1183 T2165 T2164 prep of,extent R1184 T2166 T2167 det the,UTR R1185 T2065 T2064 prep of,upstream R1186 T2167 T2165 pobj UTR,of R1187 T2168 T2167 nummod 3,UTR R1188 T2066 T2067 det the,region R1189 T2169 T2168 punct ',3 R119 T425 T426 amod expressing,cell R1190 T2170 T2153 prep from,prediction R1191 T2171 T2172 amod genomic,sequence R1192 T2067 T2065 pobj region,of R1193 T2172 T2170 pobj sequence,from R1194 T2173 T2150 aux has,been R1195 T2174 T2175 advmod extremely,difficult R1196 T2068 T2067 amod coding,region R1197 T2175 T2150 acomp difficult,been R1198 T2176 T2150 punct .,been R1199 T2069 T2063 cc and,lie R12 T308 T309 amod few,receptors R120 T426 T424 pobj cell,per R1200 T2178 T2179 det A,combination R1201 T2179 T2180 nsubj combination,allowed R1202 T2070 T2071 aux can,spliced R1203 T2181 T2179 prep of,combination R1204 T2182 T2183 compound splice,site R1205 T2071 T2063 conj spliced,lie R1206 T2183 T2184 compound site,predictions R1207 T2184 T2181 pobj predictions,of R1208 T2185 T2184 cc and,predictions R1209 T2186 T2184 conj similarity,predictions R121 T427 T406 punct .,are R1210 T2187 T2186 prep to,similarity R1211 T2188 T2189 amod other,receptors R1212 T2072 T2071 auxpass be,spliced R1213 T2189 T2187 pobj receptors,to R1214 T2190 T2189 amod olfactory,receptors R1215 T2073 T2071 advmod alternatively,spliced R1216 T2074 T2075 punct [,23 R1217 T2191 T2180 aux has,allowed R1218 T2075 T2071 parataxis 23,spliced R1219 T2192 T2193 det some,investigators R122 T429 T430 advmod At,two R1220 T2076 T2075 dep 19,23 R1221 T2193 T2194 nsubj investigators,predict R1222 T2194 T2180 ccomp predict,allowed R1223 T2077 T2075 punct ""","",23" R1224 T2195 T2194 aux to,predict R1225 T2196 T2197 nummod 5,exon R1226 T2197 T2199 compound exon,locations R1227 T2078 T2079 punct -,26 R1228 T2198 T2196 punct ',5 R1229 T2199 T2194 dobj locations,predict R123 T430 T432 nsubj two,exhibit R1230 T2200 T2194 prep for,predict R1231 T2079 T2075 prep 26,23 R1232 T2201 T2202 advmod around,15 R1233 T2202 T2203 nummod 15,genes R1234 T2080 T2075 punct ],23 R1235 T2203 T2200 pobj genes,for R1236 T2204 T2205 punct [,28 R1237 T2205 T2180 parataxis 28,allowed R1238 T2206 T2205 nummod 25,28 R1239 T2081 T2063 punct .,lie R124 T431 T430 advmod least,two R1240 T2207 T2205 punct ""","",28" R1241 T2208 T2205 punct ],28 R1242 T2209 T2180 punct .,allowed R1243 T2083 T2084 det The,region R1244 T2211 T2212 amod Experimental,validation R1245 T2212 T2213 nsubj validation,shows R1246 T2084 T2088 nsubj region,is R1247 T2214 T2215 mark that,are R1248 T2215 T2213 ccomp are,shows R1249 T2085 T2084 nummod 3,region R125 T433 T430 punct -,two R1250 T2216 T2215 nsubj some,are R1251 T2217 T2216 punct """, "",some" R1252 T2218 T2216 cc but,some R1253 T2086 T2085 punct ',3 R1254 T2219 T2218 neg not,but R1255 T2220 T2216 conj all,some R1256 T2087 T2084 amod untranslated,region R1257 T2089 T2088 advmod typically,is R1258 T2090 T2088 acomp intronless,is R1259 T2221 T2220 punct """, "",all" R126 T434 T430 quantmod thirds,two R1260 T2222 T2220 conj predictions,all R1261 T2223 T2215 acomp accurate,are R1262 T2224 T2225 punct [,25 R1263 T2091 T2088 punct .,is R1264 T2225 T2213 parataxis 25,shows R1265 T2226 T2225 nummod 24,25 R1266 T2227 T2225 punct ""","",25" R1267 T2093 T2094 nsubjpass Exceptions,described R1268 T2228 T2225 punct ],25 R1269 T2229 T2213 punct .,shows R127 T435 T430 prep of,two R1270 T2231 T2232 det The,number R1271 T2095 T2093 prep to,Exceptions R1272 T2232 T2234 nsubjpass number,increased R1273 T2233 T2232 amod total,number R1274 T2235 T2232 prep of,number R1275 T2096 T2097 det this,structure R1276 T2236 T2237 amod olfactory,receptors R1277 T2237 T2235 pobj receptors,of R1278 T2238 T2239 prep for,known R1279 T2097 T2095 pobj structure,to R128 T436 T437 amod olfactory,receptors R1280 T2239 T2232 relcl known,number R1281 T2240 T2238 pobj which,for R1282 T2098 T2097 amod stereotyped,structure R1283 T2241 T2242 compound gene,structure R1284 T2242 T2239 nsubjpass structure,known R1285 T2243 T2239 auxpass is,known R1286 T2099 T2094 aux have,described R1287 T2244 T2234 auxpass is,increased R1288 T2245 T2234 advmod vastly,increased R1289 T2246 T2234 agent by,increased R129 T437 T435 pobj receptors,of R1290 T2100 T2094 auxpass been,described R1291 T2247 T2248 poss our,study R1292 T2248 T2246 pobj study,by R1293 T2249 T2234 punct .,increased R1294 T2101 T2094 prep for,described R1295 T2251 T2252 prep In,describe R1296 T2102 T2103 det some,receptors R1297 T2253 T2254 det this,report R1298 T2254 T2251 pobj report,In R1299 T2103 T2101 pobj receptors,for R13 T309 T306 pobj receptors,for R130 T438 T439 amod multiple,variants R1300 T2255 T2252 punct """, "",describe" R1301 T2256 T2252 nsubj we,describe R1302 T2104 T2103 amod human,receptors R1303 T2257 T2258 det the,isolation R1304 T2258 T2252 dobj isolation,describe R1305 T2259 T2258 cc and,isolation R1306 T2105 T2103 amod olfactory,receptors R1307 T2260 T2258 conj analysis,isolation R1308 T2261 T2258 prep of,isolation R1309 T2262 T2263 quantmod "over,""1,200""" R131 T439 T432 dobj variants,exhibit R1310 T2106 T2094 punct """, "",described" R1311 T2263 T2264 nummod """1,200"",cDNAs" R1312 T2264 T2261 pobj cDNAs,of R1313 T2265 T2264 acl representing,cDNAs R1314 T2266 T2267 nummod 419,genes R1315 T2267 T2265 dobj genes,representing R1316 T2268 T2269 amod odorant,receptor R1317 T2107 T2094 cc but,described R1318 T2269 T2267 compound receptor,genes R1319 T2270 T2252 punct .,describe R132 T440 T439 amod transcriptional,variants R1320 T2108 T2109 auxpass are,thought R1321 T2272 T2273 nsubj We,screened R1322 T2109 T2094 conj thought,described R1323 T2274 T2275 det a,library R1324 T2275 T2273 dobj library,screened R1325 T2110 T2111 aux to,be R1326 T2276 T2277 nmod mouse,epithelium R1327 T2277 T2275 compound epithelium,library R1328 T2278 T2277 amod olfactory,epithelium R1329 T2111 T2109 xcomp be,thought R133 T441 T439 punct """, "",variants" R1330 T2279 T2273 prep with,screened R1331 T2280 T2281 amod degenerate,probes R1332 T2112 T2111 acomp rare,be R1333 T2113 T2114 punct [,25 R1334 T2281 T2279 pobj probes,with R1335 T2114 T2109 parataxis 25,thought R1336 T2282 T2283 amod olfactory,receptor R1337 T2283 T2281 compound receptor,probes R1338 T2284 T2273 cc and,screened R1339 T2327 T2314 conj show,demonstrate R134 T442 T439 prep with,variants R1340 T2285 T2273 conj obtained,screened R1341 T2286 T2285 dobj 5,obtained R1342 T2287 T2286 punct ',5 R1343 T2288 T2289 compound end,sequences R1344 T2328 T2329 mark that,have R1345 T2289 T2286 appos sequences,5 R1346 T2290 T2289 punct (,sequences R1347 T2329 T2327 ccomp have,show R1348 T2291 T2289 appos ESTs,sequences R1349 T2292 T2285 punct ),obtained R135 T443 T444 amod alternative,isoforms R1350 T2330 T2331 amod most,genes R1351 T2293 T2285 prep from,obtained R1352 T2294 T2295 amod purified,cDNAs R1353 T2295 T2293 pobj cDNAs,from R1354 T2331 T2329 nsubj genes,have R1355 T2296 T2273 punct .,screened R1356 T2332 T2333 amod olfactory,receptor R1357 T2298 T2299 det These,clones R1358 T2299 T2300 nsubj clones,confirm R1359 T2333 T2331 compound receptor,genes R136 T444 T442 pobj isoforms,with R1360 T2301 T2302 amod olfactory,expression R1361 T2302 T2300 dobj expression,confirm R1362 T2334 T2335 amod multiple,isoforms R1363 T2303 T2302 prep of,expression R1364 T2304 T2305 quantmod over,400 R1365 T2305 T2306 nummod 400,receptors R1366 T2306 T2303 pobj receptors,of R1367 T2307 T2306 amod olfactory,receptors R1368 T2308 T2300 punct """, "",confirm" R1369 T2309 T2300 conj provide,confirm R137 T445 T444 prep of,isoforms R1370 T2335 T2329 dobj isoforms,have R1371 T2310 T2311 poss their,structure R1372 T2311 T2309 dobj structure,provide R1373 T2336 T2335 amod transcriptional,isoforms R1374 T2312 T2311 compound gene,structure R1375 T2313 T2309 punct """, "",provide" R1376 T2314 T2309 conj demonstrate,provide R1377 T2337 T2300 punct .,confirm R1378 T2315 T2316 mark that,expressed R1379 T2316 T2314 ccomp expressed,demonstrate R138 T446 T447 preconj both,5 R1380 T2317 T2318 neg not,receptors R1381 T2318 T2316 nsubjpass receptors,expressed R1382 T2319 T2318 det all,receptors R1383 T2320 T2318 amod olfactory,receptors R1384 T2321 T2316 auxpass are,expressed R1385 T2322 T2316 prep at,expressed R1386 T2323 T2324 det the,level R1387 T2324 T2322 pobj level,at R1388 T2325 T2324 amod same,level R1389 T2326 T2314 cc and,demonstrate R139 T447 T448 nummod 5,regions R1390 T2624 T2625 advmod At,419 R1391 T2625 T2627 nummod 419,genes R1392 T2626 T2625 advmod least,419 R1393 T2627 T2631 nsubjpass genes,expressed R1394 T2628 T2627 nmod mouse,genes R1395 T2629 T2630 amod olfactory,receptor R1396 T2630 T2627 compound receptor,genes R1397 T2632 T2631 auxpass are,expressed R1398 T2633 T2631 prep in,expressed R1399 T2634 T2635 det the,epithelium R14 T310 T309 amod olfactory,receptors R140 T448 T445 pobj regions,of R1400 T2635 T2633 pobj epithelium,in R1401 T2636 T2635 amod olfactory,epithelium R1402 T2638 T2639 nsubj We,isolated R1403 T2640 T2639 aux have,isolated R1404 T2641 T2642 nummod """1,264"",clones" R1405 T2642 T2639 dobj clones,isolated R1406 T2643 T2644 amod olfactory,receptor R1407 T2644 T2645 compound receptor,cDNA R1408 T2645 T2642 compound cDNA,clones R1409 T2646 T2639 punct """, "",isolated" R141 T449 T447 punct ',5 R1410 T2647 T2648 dep which,confirm R1411 T2648 T2639 ccomp confirm,isolated R1412 T2649 T2648 advmod together,confirm R1413 T2650 T2651 det the,expression R1414 T2651 T2648 dobj expression,confirm R1415 T2652 T2653 amod olfactory,epithelial R1416 T2653 T2651 amod epithelial,expression R1417 T2654 T2651 prep of,expression R1418 T2655 T2656 nummod 419,genes R1419 T2656 T2654 pobj genes,of R142 T450 T447 cc and,5 R1420 T2657 T2656 amod annotated,genes R1421 T2658 T2659 amod olfactory,receptor R1422 T2659 T2656 compound receptor,genes R1423 T2660 T2639 punct .,isolated R1424 T2662 T2663 nsubj We,used R1425 T2664 T2665 amod low,stringency R1426 T2665 T2667 compound stringency,hybridization R1427 T2666 T2665 punct -,stringency R1428 T2667 T2663 dobj hybridization,used R1429 T2668 T2667 prep with,hybridization R143 T451 T447 conj 3,5 R1430 T2669 T2670 amod degenerate,probes R1431 T2670 T2668 pobj probes,with R1432 T2671 T2672 amod olfactory,receptor R1433 T2672 T2670 compound receptor,probes R1434 T2673 T2670 compound DNA,probes R1435 T2674 T2675 aux to,screen R1436 T2675 T2663 advcl screen,used R1437 T2676 T2677 advmod "around,""4,100,000""" R1438 T2677 T2678 nummod """4,100,000"",units" R1439 T2678 T2675 dobj units,screen R144 T452 T451 punct ',3 R1440 T2679 T2680 npadvmod plaque,forming R1441 T2680 T2678 amod forming,units R1442 T2681 T2680 punct -,forming R1443 T2682 T2678 punct (,units R1444 T2683 T2678 appos pfu,units R1445 T2684 T2678 punct ),units R1446 T2685 T2678 prep of,units R1447 T2686 T2687 det an,library R1448 T2687 T2685 pobj library,of R1449 T2688 T2689 amod adult,mouse R145 T453 T448 amod untranslated,regions R1450 T2689 T2690 nmod mouse,cDNA R1451 T2690 T2687 compound cDNA,library R1452 T2691 T2692 amod olfactory,epithelium R1453 T2692 T2690 compound epithelium,cDNA R1454 T2693 T2678 cc and,units R1455 T2694 T2695 advmod "around,""640,000""" R1456 T2695 T2696 nummod """640,000"",pfu" R1457 T2696 T2678 conj pfu,units R1458 T2697 T2696 prep of,pfu R1459 T2698 T2699 det an,library R146 T454 T432 punct .,exhibit R1460 T2699 T2697 pobj library,of R1461 T2700 T2701 amod embryonic,epithelium R1462 T2701 T2699 compound epithelium,library R1463 T2702 T2701 amod olfactory,epithelium R1464 T2703 T2663 punct .,used R1465 T2705 T2706 nsubj We,obtained R1466 T2707 T2706 dobj sequences,obtained R1467 T2708 T2706 prep from,obtained R1468 T2709 T2710 nummod """1,715"",cDNAs" R1469 T2710 T2708 pobj cDNAs,from R147 T456 T457 det Some,transcripts R1470 T2711 T2712 npadvmod hybridization,positive R1471 T2712 T2710 amod positive,cDNAs R1472 T2713 T2712 punct -,positive R1473 T2714 T2706 prep following,obtained R1474 T2715 T2716 amod secondary,screens R1475 T2716 T2714 pobj screens,following R1476 T2717 T2718 aux to,isolate R1477 T2718 T2716 advcl isolate,screens R1478 T2719 T2720 amod single,clones R1479 T2720 T2718 dobj clones,isolate R148 T457 T458 nsubj transcripts,utilize R1480 T2721 T2706 punct .,obtained R1481 T2723 T2724 prep Of,yielded R1482 T2725 T2726 det these,clones R1483 T2726 T2723 pobj clones,Of R1484 T2727 T2724 punct """, "",yielded" R1485 T2728 T2724 nsubj """1,264"",yielded" R1486 T2729 T2730 amod olfactory,receptor R1487 T2730 T2731 npadvmod receptor,containing R1488 T2731 T2733 amod containing,sequences R1489 T2732 T2731 punct -,containing R149 T459 T460 punct (,% R1490 T2733 T2724 dobj sequences,yielded R1491 T2734 T2724 punct .,yielded R1492 T2736 T2737 det The,rate R1493 T2737 T2743 nsubj rate,is R1494 T2738 T2739 nummod 26,% R1495 T2739 T2737 nmod %,rate R1496 T2740 T2741 amod false,positive R1497 T2741 T2737 amod positive,rate R1498 T2742 T2741 punct -,positive R1499 T2744 T2745 det a,consequence R15 T311 T301 punct .,is R150 T460 T457 parataxis %,transcripts R1500 T2745 T2743 attr consequence,is R1501 T2746 T2745 prep of,consequence R1502 T2747 T2746 pcomp using,of R1503 T2748 T2749 amod low,stringency R1504 T2749 T2751 compound stringency,hybridization R1505 T2750 T2749 punct -,stringency R1506 T2751 T2747 dobj hybridization,using R1507 T2752 T2753 aux to,obtain R1508 T2753 T2747 advcl obtain,using R1509 T2754 T2755 amod maximal,sensitivity R151 T461 T460 nummod 5,% R1510 T2755 T2753 dobj sensitivity,obtain R1511 T2756 T2743 punct .,is R1512 T2758 T2759 csubj Continuing,resulted R1513 T2759 T2764 ccomp resulted,represented R1514 T2760 T2761 det the,screen R1515 T2761 T2758 dobj screen,Continuing R1516 T2762 T2759 aux would,resulted R1517 T2763 T2759 aux have,resulted R1518 T2765 T2759 prep in,resulted R1519 T2766 T2765 pobj cDNAs,in R152 T462 T460 punct ),% R1520 T2767 T2766 prep from,cDNAs R1521 T2768 T2769 amod additional,receptors R1522 T2769 T2767 pobj receptors,from R1523 T2770 T2769 amod olfactory,receptors R1524 T2771 T2759 punct """, "",resulted" R1525 T2772 T2759 cc but,resulted R1526 T2773 T2774 nsubj we,reached R1527 T2774 T2759 conj reached,resulted R1528 T2775 T2776 det a,point R1529 T2776 T2774 dobj point,reached R153 T463 T464 compound splice,sites R1530 T2777 T2776 prep of,point R1531 T2778 T2779 amod limiting,returns R1532 T2779 T2777 pobj returns,of R1533 T2780 T2764 punct : ,represented R1534 T2781 T2782 poss our,batch R1535 T2782 T2764 nsubj batch,represented R1536 T2783 T2782 amod final,batch R1537 T2784 T2782 prep of,batch R1538 T2785 T2786 nummod 45,sequences R1539 T2786 T2784 pobj sequences,of R154 T464 T458 dobj sites,utilize R1540 T2787 T2788 amod olfactory,receptor R1541 T2788 T2789 npadvmod receptor,positive R1542 T2789 T2786 amod positive,sequences R1543 T2790 T2789 punct -,positive R1544 T2791 T2792 nummod 33,receptors R1545 T2792 T2764 dobj receptors,represented R1546 T2793 T2792 amod different,receptors R1547 T2794 T2792 amod olfactory,receptors R1548 T2795 T2792 punct """, "",receptors" R1549 T2796 T2797 prep of,encountered R155 T465 T464 prep within,sites R1550 T2797 T2792 relcl encountered,receptors R1551 T2798 T2796 pobj which,of R1552 T2799 T2800 advmod only,four R1553 T2800 T2797 nsubjpass four,encountered R1554 T2801 T2797 aux had,encountered R1555 T2802 T2797 neg not,encountered R1556 T2803 T2797 auxpass been,encountered R1557 T2804 T2797 advmod previously,encountered R1558 T2805 T2797 prep in,encountered R1559 T2806 T2807 poss our,screen R156 T466 T467 det the,region R1560 T2807 T2805 pobj screen,in R1561 T2808 T2764 punct .,represented R1562 T2810 T2811 compound Sequence,analysis R1563 T2811 T2812 nsubj analysis,shows R1564 T2813 T2814 mark that,are R1565 T2814 T2812 ccomp are,shows R1566 T2815 T2816 det the,libraries R1567 T2816 T2814 nsubj libraries,are R1568 T2817 T2814 prep of,are R1569 T2818 T2819 amod high,quality R157 T467 T465 pobj region,within R1570 T2819 T2817 pobj quality,of R1571 T2820 T2812 punct .,shows R1572 T2822 T2823 advmod Firstly,matched R1573 T2824 T2823 punct """, "",matched" R1574 T2825 T2826 amod directional,cloning R1575 T2826 T2827 nsubj cloning,was R1576 T2827 T2823 ccomp was,matched R1577 T2828 T2827 acomp successful,was R1578 T2829 T2823 punct : ,matched R1579 T2830 T2831 advmod "only,""1,430""" R158 T468 T467 amod coding,region R1580 T2831 T2835 nummod """1,430"",sequences" R1581 T2832 T2831 quantmod "eight,""1,430""" R1582 T2833 T2831 quantmod "out,""1,430""" R1583 T2834 T2831 quantmod "of,""1,430""" R1584 T2835 T2823 nsubj sequences,matched R1585 T2836 T2835 compound cDNA,sequences R1586 T2837 T2835 prep with,sequences R1587 T2838 T2839 det any,homology R1588 T2839 T2837 pobj homology,with R1589 T2840 T2839 compound protein,homology R159 T469 T458 punct """, "",utilize" R1590 T2841 T2842 det that,protein R1591 T2842 T2823 dobj protein,matched R1592 T2843 T2823 prep on,matched R1593 T2844 T2845 det the,strand R1594 T2845 T2843 pobj strand,on R1595 T2846 T2845 amod reverse,strand R1596 T2847 T2823 punct .,matched R1597 T2849 T2850 advmod Secondly,spliced R1598 T2851 T2850 punct """, "",spliced" R1599 T2852 T2853 amod genomic,contamination R16 T313 T314 nsubj We,screened R160 T470 T458 advcl contrary,utilize R1600 T2853 T2854 nsubj contamination,is R1601 T2854 T2850 ccomp is,spliced R1602 T2855 T2854 acomp rare,is R1603 T2856 T2850 punct : ,spliced R1604 T2857 T2858 advmod when,aligned R1605 T2858 T2850 advcl aligned,spliced R1606 T2859 T2860 det the,sequences R1607 T2860 T2858 nsubjpass sequences,aligned R1608 T2861 T2860 nummod 83,sequences R1609 T2862 T2863 amod olfactory,receptor R161 T471 T470 prep to,contrary R1610 T2863 T2864 npadvmod receptor,containing R1611 T2864 T2860 amod containing,sequences R1612 T2865 T2864 punct -,containing R1613 T2866 T2867 dep that,had R1614 T2867 T2860 relcl had,sequences R1615 T2868 T2869 det a,UTR R1616 T2869 T2867 dobj UTR,had R1617 T2870 T2869 nummod 5,UTR R1618 T2871 T2870 punct ',5 R1619 T2872 T2869 prep of,UTR R162 T472 T473 det the,structure R1620 T2873 T2874 nummod 400,bp R1621 T2874 T2872 pobj bp,of R1622 T2875 T2876 cc or,longer R1623 T2876 T2874 nummod longer,bp R1624 T2877 T2858 auxpass were,aligned R1625 T2878 T2858 prep to,aligned R1626 T2879 T2880 amod genomic,sequence R1627 T2880 T2878 pobj sequence,to R1628 T2881 T2850 punct """, "",spliced" R1629 T2882 T2850 nsubj 80,spliced R163 T473 T471 pobj structure,to R1630 T2883 T2850 prep across,spliced R1631 T2884 T2885 advmod at,one R1632 T2885 T2887 nummod one,intron R1633 T2886 T2885 advmod least,one R1634 T2887 T2883 pobj intron,across R1635 T2888 T2850 punct """, "",spliced" R1636 T2889 T2850 advcl leaving,spliced R1637 T2890 T2891 det a,maximum R1638 T2891 T2889 dobj maximum,leaving R1639 T2892 T2891 prep of,maximum R164 T474 T473 amod stereotyped,structure R1640 T2893 T2894 nummod three,clones R1641 T2894 T2892 pobj clones,of R1642 T2895 T2896 punct (,% R1643 T2896 T2894 parataxis %,clones R1644 T2897 T2896 nummod 3.6,% R1645 T2898 T2896 punct ),% R1646 T2899 T2900 dep that,represent R1647 T2900 T2894 relcl represent,clones R1648 T2901 T2900 advmod potentially,represent R1649 T2902 T2903 amod genomic,contamination R165 T475 T476 amod olfactory,receptor R1650 T2903 T2900 dobj contamination,represent R1651 T2904 T2903 prep of,contamination R1652 T2905 T2906 det the,libraries R1653 T2906 T2904 pobj libraries,of R1654 T2907 T2850 punct .,spliced R1655 T2909 T2910 advmod Thirdly,contain R1656 T2911 T2910 punct """, "",contain" R1657 T2912 T2913 amod most,clones R1658 T2913 T2914 nsubj clones,are R1659 T2914 T2910 ccomp are,contain R166 T476 T477 compound receptor,gene R1660 T2915 T2914 prep of,are R1661 T2916 T2917 det a,length R1662 T2917 T2915 pobj length,of R1663 T2918 T2917 amod reasonable,length R1664 T2919 T2910 punct : ,contain R1665 T2920 T2921 mark although,determine R1666 T2921 T2910 advcl determine,contain R1667 T2922 T2921 nsubj we,determine R1668 T2923 T2921 aux did,determine R1669 T2924 T2921 neg not,determine R167 T477 T473 compound gene,structure R1670 T2925 T2926 mark whether,are R1671 T2926 T2921 ccomp are,determine R1672 T2927 T2926 nsubj clones,are R1673 T2928 T2929 amod full,length R1674 T2929 T2926 attr length,are R1675 T2930 T2929 punct -,length R1676 T2931 T2910 punct """, "",contain" R1677 T2932 T2933 quantmod "881,""1,264""" R1678 T2933 T2935 nummod """1,264"",cDNAs" R1679 T2934 T2933 quantmod "of,""1,264""" R168 T478 T458 punct .,utilize R1680 T2935 T2910 nsubj cDNAs,contain R1681 T2936 T2937 punct (,% R1682 T2937 T2933 parataxis "%,""1,264""" R1683 T2938 T2937 nummod 70,% R1684 T2939 T2937 punct ),% R1685 T2940 T2941 amod olfactory,receptor R1686 T2941 T2935 compound receptor,cDNAs R1687 T2942 T2943 det the,gene R1688 T2943 T2944 poss gene,codon R1689 T2944 T2910 dobj codon,contain R169 T480 T481 amod Most,transcripts R1690 T2945 T2943 case 's,gene R1691 T2946 T2944 compound start,codon R1692 T2947 T2944 cc and,codon R1693 T2948 T2949 advmod at,least R1694 T2949 T2950 advmod least,sequence R1695 T2950 T2944 conj sequence,codon R1696 T2951 T2950 det some,sequence R1697 T2952 T2953 nummod 5,UTR R1698 T2953 T2950 compound UTR,sequence R1699 T2954 T2952 punct ',5 R17 T315 T314 advmod therefore,screened R170 T481 T483 nsubj transcripts,encode R1700 T2955 T2910 punct .,contain R1701 T2957 T2958 prep In,updated R1702 T2959 T2957 pobj order,In R1703 T2960 T2961 aux to,match R1704 T2961 T2959 acl match,order R1705 T2962 T2961 dobj cDNAs,match R1706 T2963 T2961 prep to,match R1707 T2964 T2965 poss their,counterparts R1708 T2965 T2963 pobj counterparts,to R1709 T2966 T2965 amod genomic,counterparts R171 T482 T481 amod atypical,transcripts R1710 T2967 T2958 punct """, "",updated" R1711 T2968 T2958 advmod first,updated R1712 T2969 T2958 nsubj we,updated R1713 T2970 T2971 poss our,catalog R1714 T2971 T2958 dobj catalog,updated R1715 T2972 T2971 prep of,catalog R1716 T2973 T2974 nmod mouse,genes R1717 T2974 T2972 pobj genes,of R1718 T2975 T2976 amod olfactory,receptor R1719 T2976 T2974 compound receptor,genes R172 T484 T483 amod nonfunctional,encode R1720 T2977 T2978 punct [,1 R1721 T2978 T2971 parataxis 1,catalog R1722 T2979 T2978 punct ],1 R1723 T2980 T2958 prep based,updated R1724 T2981 T2980 prep on,based R1725 T2982 T2983 poss Celera,assembly R1726 T2983 T2981 pobj assembly,on R1727 T2984 T2982 case 's,Celera R1728 T2985 T2986 advmod most,recent R1729 T2986 T2983 amod recent,assembly R173 T485 T483 amod olfactory,encode R1730 T2987 T2983 compound genome,assembly R1731 T2988 T2989 punct (,Release R1732 T2989 T2983 parataxis Release,assembly R1733 T2990 T2989 nummod 13,Release R1734 T2991 T2989 punct ),Release R1735 T2992 T2993 punct [,29 R1736 T2993 T2983 parataxis 29,assembly R1737 T2994 T2993 punct ],29 R1738 T2995 T2958 punct .,updated R1739 T2997 T2998 amod Previous,reports R174 T486 T483 dep receptors,encode R1740 T2998 T2999 nsubjpass reports,based R1741 T3000 T2998 prep of,reports R1742 T3001 T3002 det the,repertoire R1743 T3002 T3000 pobj repertoire,of R1744 T3003 T3004 nmod mouse,receptor R1745 T3004 T3002 compound receptor,repertoire R1746 T3005 T3004 amod olfactory,receptor R1747 T3006 T3007 punct [,2 R1748 T3007 T2998 parataxis 2,reports R1749 T3008 T3007 nummod 1,2 R175 T487 T483 punct """, "",encode" R1750 T3009 T3007 punct ""","",2" R1751 T3010 T3007 punct ],2 R1752 T3011 T2999 auxpass were,based R1753 T3012 T2999 prep on,based R1754 T3013 T3014 det the,assembly R1755 T3014 T3012 pobj assembly,on R1756 T3015 T3014 nmod Release,assembly R1757 T3016 T3015 nummod 12,Release R1758 T3017 T2999 punct .,based R1759 T3019 T3020 nsubj Release,consists R176 T488 T483 cc but,encode R1760 T3021 T3019 nummod 13,Release R1761 T3022 T3020 prep of,consists R1762 T3023 T3024 amod fewer,longer R1763 T3024 T3026 amod longer,sequences R1764 T3025 T3024 punct """, "",longer" R1765 T3026 T3022 pobj sequences,of R1766 T3027 T3026 compound scaffold,sequences R1767 T3028 T3026 acl containing,sequences R1768 T3029 T3030 amod fewer,smaller R1769 T3030 T3032 amod smaller,gaps R177 T489 T490 aux can,increase R1770 T3031 T3030 punct """, "",smaller" R1771 T3032 T3028 dobj gaps,containing R1772 T3033 T3032 prep than,gaps R1773 T3034 T3033 pobj Release,than R1774 T3035 T3034 nummod 12,Release R1775 T3036 T3020 punct .,consists R1776 T3038 T3039 advcl Using,identified R1777 T3040 T3041 det the,methods R1778 T3041 T3038 dobj methods,Using R1779 T3042 T3043 npadvmod BLAST,based R178 T490 T483 conj increase,encode R1780 T3043 T3041 amod based,methods R1781 T3044 T3043 punct -,based R1782 T3045 T3041 acl detailed,methods R1783 T3046 T3045 advmod previously,detailed R1784 T3047 T3048 punct [,1 R1785 T3048 T3045 parataxis 1,detailed R1786 T3049 T3048 punct ],1 R1787 T3050 T3039 punct """, "",identified" R1788 T3051 T3039 nsubj we,identified R1789 T3052 T3053 nummod """1,490"",sequences" R179 T491 T490 advmod occasionally,increase R1790 T3053 T3039 dobj sequences,identified R1791 T3054 T3055 amod olfactory,receptor R1792 T3055 T3053 compound receptor,sequences R1793 T3056 T3039 prep in,identified R1794 T3057 T3058 det the,assembly R1795 T3058 T3056 pobj assembly,in R1796 T3059 T3058 amod new,assembly R1797 T3060 T3039 punct """, "",identified" R1798 T3061 T3039 prep including,identified R1799 T3062 T3063 nummod """1,107"",genes" R18 T316 T317 det a,library R180 T492 T493 compound receptor,diversity R1800 T3063 T3061 pobj genes,including R1801 T3064 T3063 amod intact,genes R1802 T3065 T3066 amod olfactory,receptor R1803 T3066 T3063 compound receptor,genes R1804 T3067 T3039 punct (,identified R1805 T3068 T3039 prep compared,identified R1806 T3069 T3068 prep to,compared R1807 T3070 T3071 nummod 866,receptors R1808 T3071 T3069 pobj receptors,to R1809 T3072 T3071 amod intact,receptors R181 T493 T490 dobj diversity,increase R1810 T3073 T3071 amod olfactory,receptors R1811 T3074 T3071 prep in,receptors R1812 T3075 T3076 det the,assembly R1813 T3076 T3074 pobj assembly,in R1814 T3077 T3076 amod old,assembly R1815 T3078 T3039 punct ),identified R1816 T3079 T3039 advcl reflecting,identified R1817 T3080 T3081 det the,rate R1818 T3081 T3079 dobj rate,reflecting R1819 T3082 T3081 amod reduced,rate R182 T494 T483 punct .,encode R1820 T3083 T3084 compound sequence,error R1821 T3084 T3081 compound error,rate R1822 T3085 T3081 cc and,rate R1823 T3086 T3087 amod increased,coverage R1824 T3087 T3081 conj coverage,rate R1825 T3088 T3087 prep of,coverage R1826 T3089 T3090 det the,assembly R1827 T3090 T3088 pobj assembly,of R1828 T3091 T3090 amod new,assembly R1829 T3092 T3093 punct (,Table R183 T498 T499 poss Our,collection R1830 T3093 T3079 parataxis Table,reflecting R1831 T3094 T3093 nummod 1,Table R1832 T3095 T3093 punct ),Table R1833 T3096 T3039 punct .,identified R1834 T3098 T3099 nsubj We,created R1835 T3100 T3101 det a,database R1836 T3101 T3099 dobj database,created R1837 T3102 T3101 amod local,database R1838 T3103 T3101 prep of,database R1839 T3104 T3105 amod genomic,sequences R184 T499 T501 nsubj collection,confirms R1840 T3105 T3103 pobj sequences,of R1841 T3106 T3101 prep including,database R1842 T3107 T3108 det all,loci R1843 T3108 T3106 pobj loci,including R1844 T3109 T3110 amod olfactory,receptor R1845 T3110 T3108 compound receptor,loci R1846 T3111 T3108 cc and,loci R1847 T3112 T3113 nummod 0.5,Mb R1848 T3113 T3114 compound Mb,sequences R1849 T3114 T3108 conj sequences,loci R185 T500 T499 compound cDNA,collection R1850 T3115 T3114 compound flanking,sequences R1851 T3116 T3117 punct (,available R1852 T3117 T3114 parataxis available,sequences R1853 T3118 T3117 mark if,available R1854 T3119 T3117 punct ),available R1855 T3120 T3099 cc and,created R1856 T3121 T3099 conj compared,created R1857 T3122 T3123 det each,sequence R1858 T3123 T3121 dobj sequence,compared R1859 T3124 T3123 compound cDNA,sequence R186 T502 T503 amod olfactory,function R1860 T3125 T3121 prep to,compared R1861 T3126 T3127 det this,database R1862 T3127 T3125 pobj database,to R1863 T3128 T3127 punct ',database R1864 T3129 T3130 amod olfactory,subgenome R1865 T3130 T3127 nmod subgenome,database R1866 T3131 T3127 punct ',database R1867 T3132 T3121 advcl using,compared R1868 T3133 T3132 dobj sim4,using R1869 T3134 T3135 punct [,30 R187 T503 T501 dobj function,confirms R1870 T3135 T3121 parataxis 30,compared R1871 T3136 T3135 punct ],30 R1872 T3137 T3099 punct .,created R1873 T3139 T3140 nsubjpass cDNAs,assigned R1874 T3141 T3140 auxpass were,assigned R1875 T3142 T3140 prep to,assigned R1876 T3143 T3144 amod individual,genes R1877 T3144 T3142 pobj genes,to R1878 T3145 T3140 prep based,assigned R1879 T3146 T3145 prep on,based R188 T504 T503 prep of,function R1880 T3147 T3148 poss their,match R1881 T3148 T3146 pobj match,on R1882 T3149 T3148 amod best,match R1883 T3150 T3148 prep to,match R1884 T3151 T3152 det an,region R1885 T3152 T3150 pobj region,to R1886 T3153 T3154 amod olfactory,receptor R1887 T3154 T3152 compound receptor,region R1888 T3155 T3152 compound coding,region R1889 T3156 T3152 cc or,region R189 T505 T506 quantmod over,one R1890 T3157 T3158 poss its,region R1891 T3158 T3152 conj region,region R1892 T3159 T3158 amod upstream,region R1893 T3160 T3161 punct (,see R1894 T3161 T3140 parataxis see,assigned R1895 T3162 T3161 dobj Materials,see R1896 T3163 T3162 cc and,Materials R1897 T3164 T3162 conj methods,Materials R1898 T3165 T3161 punct ),see R1899 T3166 T3140 punct .,assigned R19 T317 T314 dobj library,screened R190 T506 T504 pobj one,of R1900 T3168 T3169 prep Of,matched R1901 T3169 T3177 ccomp matched,matched R1902 T3170 T3171 det the,cDNAs R1903 T3171 T3168 pobj cDNAs,Of R1904 T3172 T3171 nummod """1,264"",cDNAs" R1905 T3173 T3174 amod olfactory,receptor R1906 T3174 T3171 compound receptor,cDNAs R1907 T3175 T3169 punct """, "",matched" R1908 T3176 T3169 nsubj """1,176"",matched" R1909 T3178 T3179 det a,total R191 T507 T506 punct -,one R1910 T3179 T3169 dobj total,matched R1911 T3180 T3179 prep of,total R1912 T3181 T3182 nummod 419,genes R1913 T3182 T3180 pobj genes,of R1914 T3183 T3184 amod olfactory,receptor R1915 T3184 T3182 compound receptor,genes R1916 T3185 T3177 punct ;,matched R1917 T3186 T3187 det the,cDNAs R1918 T3187 T3177 nsubj cDNAs,matched R1919 T3188 T3187 amod remaining,cDNAs R192 T508 T506 quantmod third,one R1920 T3189 T3177 preconj either,matched R1921 T3190 T3191 det an,receptor R1922 T3191 T3177 dobj receptor,matched R1923 T3192 T3191 amod olfactory,receptor R1924 T3193 T3177 prep below,matched R1925 T3194 T3195 poss our,threshold R1926 T3195 T3193 pobj threshold,below R1927 T3196 T3197 nummod 96,% R1928 T3197 T3198 compound %,identity R1929 T3198 T3195 compound identity,threshold R193 T509 T506 prep of,one R1930 T3199 T3198 compound nucleotide,identity R1931 T3200 T3177 cc or,matched R1932 T3201 T3177 conj had,matched R1933 T3202 T3203 amod ambiguous,matches R1934 T3203 T3201 dobj matches,had R1935 T3204 T3203 acl encompassing,matches R1936 T3205 T3206 amod more,one R1937 T3206 T3208 nummod one,region R1938 T3207 T3206 quantmod than,one R1939 T3208 T3204 dobj region,encompassing R194 T510 T511 det the,receptors R1940 T3209 T3210 amod olfactory,receptor R1941 T3210 T3211 compound receptor,gene R1942 T3211 T3208 compound gene,region R1943 T3212 T3213 punct (,see R1944 T3213 T3201 parataxis see,had R1945 T3214 T3213 advmod below,see R1946 T3215 T3213 punct ),see R1947 T3216 T3177 punct .,matched R195 T511 T509 pobj receptors,of R1950 T3520 T3521 det A,primer R1951 T3521 T3527 nsubj primer,broadens R1952 T3522 T3521 nmod class,primer R1953 T3523 T3522 nummod I,class R1954 T3524 T3525 amod olfactory,receptor R1955 T3525 T3521 nmod receptor,primer R1956 T3526 T3521 amod degenerate,primer R1957 T3528 T3529 amod phylogenetic,distribution R1958 T3529 T3527 dobj distribution,broadens R1959 T3530 T3529 prep of,distribution R196 T512 T511 amod intact,receptors R1960 T3531 T3532 amod confirmed,genes R1961 T3532 T3530 pobj genes,of R1962 T3533 T3534 amod olfactory,receptor R1963 T3534 T3532 compound receptor,genes R1964 T3536 T3537 amod Previous,analyses R1965 T3537 T3538 nsubj analyses,define R1966 T3539 T3537 prep of,analyses R1967 T3540 T3541 det the,family R1968 T3541 T3539 pobj family,of R1969 T3542 T3541 amod mammalian,family R197 T513 T511 nmod mouse,receptors R1970 T3543 T3544 amod olfactory,receptor R1971 T3544 T3541 compound receptor,family R1972 T3545 T3546 nummod two,clades R1973 T3546 T3538 dobj clades,define R1974 T3547 T3546 amod major,clades R1975 T3548 T3546 amod phylogenetic,clades R1976 T3549 T3546 punct """, "",clades" R1977 T3550 T3546 acl referred,clades R1978 T3551 T3550 prep to,referred R1979 T3552 T3550 prep as,referred R198 T514 T511 amod olfactory,receptors R1980 T3553 T3554 nmod class,I R1981 T3554 T3555 nummod I,receptors R1982 T3555 T3552 pobj receptors,as R1983 T3556 T3554 cc and,I R1984 T3557 T3554 conj II,I R1985 T3558 T3555 amod olfactory,receptors R1986 T3559 T3538 punct """, "",define" R1987 T3560 T3538 cc and,define R1988 T3561 T3538 conj suggest,define R1989 T3562 T3563 mark that,are R199 T515 T501 punct .,confirms R1990 T3563 T3561 ccomp are,suggest R1991 T3564 T3565 nmod class,receptors R1992 T3565 T3563 nsubj receptors,are R1993 T3566 T3564 nummod I,class R1994 T3567 T3565 amod olfactory,receptors R1995 T3568 T3569 advmod more,similar R1996 T3569 T3563 acomp similar,are R1997 T3570 T3569 prep to,similar R1998 T3571 T3572 nmod fish,receptors R1999 T3572 T3570 pobj receptors,to R20 T318 T319 nmod mouse,epithelium R200 T517 T518 nsubjpass Most,annotated R2000 T3573 T3572 amod olfactory,receptors R2001 T3574 T3575 mark than,are R2002 T3575 T3569 advcl are,similar R2003 T3576 T3577 compound class,IIs R2004 T3577 T3575 nsubj IIs,are R2005 T3578 T3579 punct [,5 R2006 T3579 T3561 parataxis 5,suggest R2007 T3580 T3579 punct ],5 R2008 T3581 T3538 punct .,define R2009 T3583 T3584 nsubj Figure,illustrates R201 T519 T517 prep of,Most R2010 T3585 T3583 nummod 1,Figure R2011 T3586 T3587 det the,diversity R2012 T3587 T3584 dobj diversity,illustrates R2013 T3588 T3587 amod phylogenetic,diversity R2014 T3589 T3587 prep of,diversity R2015 T3590 T3591 poss our,collection R2016 T3591 T3589 pobj collection,of R2017 T3592 T3591 compound cDNA,collection R2018 T3593 T3584 punct """, "",illustrates" R2019 T3594 T3584 advcl showing,illustrates R202 T520 T521 det these,genes R2020 T3595 T3596 mark that,confirmed R2021 T3596 T3594 ccomp confirmed,showing R2022 T3597 T3596 nsubj we,confirmed R2023 T3598 T3596 aux have,confirmed R2024 T3599 T3596 dobj expression,confirmed R2025 T3600 T3599 prep of,expression R2026 T3601 T3602 advmod at,one R2027 T3602 T3604 nummod one,gene R2028 T3603 T3602 advmod least,one R2029 T3604 T3600 pobj gene,of R203 T521 T519 pobj genes,of R2030 T3605 T3606 amod olfactory,receptor R2031 T3606 T3604 compound receptor,gene R2032 T3607 T3599 prep in,expression R2033 T3608 T3609 det each,clade R2034 T3609 T3607 pobj clade,in R2035 T3610 T3609 amod major,clade R2036 T3611 T3609 prep of,clade R2037 T3612 T3613 det the,genes R2038 T3613 T3611 pobj genes,of R2039 T3614 T3613 nmod class,genes R204 T522 T518 auxpass were,annotated R2040 T3615 T3614 nummod II,class R2041 T3616 T3617 amod olfactory,receptor R2042 T3617 T3613 compound receptor,genes R2043 T3618 T3599 punct """, "",expression" R2044 T3619 T3599 cc or,expression R2045 T3620 T3621 quantmod 391,983 R2046 T3621 T3599 conj 983,expression R2047 T3622 T3621 quantmod out,983 R2048 T3623 T3621 quantmod of,983 R2049 T3624 T3625 punct (,% R205 T523 T518 advmod previously,annotated R2050 T3625 T3621 parataxis %,983 R2051 T3626 T3625 nummod 40,% R2052 T3627 T3625 punct ),% R2053 T3628 T3621 prep of,983 R2054 T3629 T3630 det all,genes R2055 T3630 T3628 pobj genes,of R2056 T3631 T3630 amod intact,genes R2057 T3632 T3630 nmod class,genes R2058 T3633 T3632 nummod II,class R2059 T3634 T3635 amod olfactory,receptor R206 T524 T518 prep as,annotated R2060 T3635 T3630 compound receptor,genes R2061 T3636 T3637 advmod where,are R2062 T3637 T3630 relcl are,genes R2063 T3638 T3639 amod full,length R2064 T3639 T3641 nmod length,data R2065 T3640 T3639 punct -,length R2066 T3641 T3637 nsubj data,are R2067 T3642 T3643 amod genomic,sequence R2068 T3643 T3641 compound sequence,data R2069 T3644 T3637 acomp available,are R207 T525 T526 amod olfactory,receptors R2070 T3645 T3646 punct (,branches R2071 T3646 T3596 parataxis branches,confirmed R2072 T3647 T3646 amod blue,branches R2073 T3648 T3646 punct ),branches R2074 T3649 T3584 punct .,illustrates R2075 T3651 T3652 det The,screen R2076 T3652 T3653 nsubj screen,appears R2077 T3654 T3653 advmod thus,appears R2078 T3655 T3656 advmod relatively,unbiased R2079 T3656 T3653 oprd unbiased,appears R208 T526 T524 pobj receptors,as R2080 T3657 T3653 prep in,appears R2081 T3658 T3659 poss its,coverage R2082 T3659 T3657 pobj coverage,in R2083 T3660 T3659 prep of,coverage R2084 T3661 T3662 nmod class,receptors R2085 T3662 T3660 pobj receptors,of R2086 T3663 T3661 nummod II,class R2087 T3664 T3662 amod olfactory,receptors R2088 T3665 T3653 punct .,appears R2089 T3667 T3668 advmod However,provided R209 T527 T518 prep based,annotated R2090 T3669 T3668 punct """, "",provided" R2091 T3670 T3671 poss our,screen R2092 T3671 T3668 nsubj screen,provided R2093 T3672 T3671 amod random,screen R2094 T3673 T3668 dobj cDNAs,provided R2095 T3674 T3668 prep for,provided R2096 T3675 T3676 advmod only,124 R2097 T3676 T3680 nummod 124,receptors R2098 T3677 T3676 quantmod two,124 R2099 T3678 T3676 quantmod out,124 R21 T319 T317 compound epithelium,library R210 T528 T529 advmod solely,on R2100 T3679 T3676 quantmod of,124 R2101 T3680 T3674 pobj receptors,for R2102 T3681 T3680 amod intact,receptors R2103 T3682 T3680 punct """, "",receptors" R2104 T3683 T3684 amod full,length R2105 T3684 T3680 nmod length,receptors R2106 T3685 T3684 punct -,length R2107 T3686 T3680 nmod class,receptors R2108 T3687 T3686 nummod I,class R2109 T3688 T3680 amod olfactory,receptors R211 T529 T527 prep on,based R2110 T3689 T3668 punct .,provided R2111 T3691 T3692 prep In,used R2112 T3693 T3694 det an,attempt R2113 T3694 T3691 pobj attempt,In R2114 T3695 T3696 aux to,broaden R2115 T3696 T3694 acl broaden,attempt R2116 T3697 T3698 det the,coverage R2117 T3698 T3696 dobj coverage,broaden R2118 T3699 T3698 amod phylogenetic,coverage R2119 T3700 T3698 prep of,coverage R212 T530 T531 compound sequence,similarity R2120 T3701 T3702 poss our,screen R2121 T3702 T3700 pobj screen,of R2122 T3703 T3702 compound hybridization,screen R2123 T3704 T3692 punct """, "",used" R2124 T3705 T3692 nsubj we,used R2125 T3706 T3707 amod additional,probes R2126 T3707 T3692 dobj probes,used R2127 T3708 T3707 amod degenerate,probes R2128 T3709 T3692 prep on,used R2129 T3710 T3711 det the,library R213 T531 T529 pobj similarity,on R2130 T3711 T3709 pobj library,on R2131 T3712 T3711 amod adult,library R2132 T3713 T3692 cc and,used R2133 T3714 T3692 conj screened,used R2134 T3715 T3716 det an,library R2135 T3716 T3714 dobj library,screened R2136 T3717 T3716 amod embryonic,library R2137 T3718 T3719 punct (,Table R2138 T3719 T3714 parataxis Table,screened R2139 T3720 T3719 nummod 2,Table R214 T532 T518 punct .,annotated R2140 T3721 T3719 punct ),Table R2141 T3722 T3692 punct .,used R2142 T3724 T3725 det These,experiments R2143 T3725 T3726 nsubj experiments,increase R2144 T3727 T3726 aux did,increase R2145 T3728 T3726 neg not,increase R2146 T3729 T3730 det the,diversity R2147 T3730 T3726 dobj diversity,increase R2148 T3731 T3730 prep of,diversity R2149 T3732 T3731 pobj clones,of R215 T534 T535 poss Our,finding R2150 T3733 T3732 acl identified,clones R2151 T3734 T3735 punct (,shown R2152 T3735 T3726 parataxis shown,increase R2153 T3736 T3735 neg not,shown R2154 T3737 T3735 punct ),shown R2155 T3738 T3726 punct .,increase R2156 T3740 T3741 det This,underrepresentation R2157 T3741 T3745 nsubj underrepresentation,be R2158 T3742 T3741 amod severe,underrepresentation R2159 T3743 T3741 nmod class,underrepresentation R216 T535 T536 nsubj finding,is R2160 T3744 T3743 nummod I,class R2161 T3746 T3745 aux could,be R2162 T3747 T3745 prep due,be R2163 T3748 T3747 pcomp to,due R2164 T3749 T3750 amod experimental,bias R2165 T3750 T3747 pobj bias,due R2166 T3751 T3750 punct -,bias R2167 T3752 T3753 det a,consequence R2168 T3753 T3750 appos consequence,bias R2169 T3754 T3753 prep of,consequence R217 T537 T538 mark that,have R2170 T3755 T3754 pcomp using,of R2171 T3756 T3757 amod degenerate,primers R2172 T3757 T3755 dobj primers,using R2173 T3758 T3759 aux to,create R2174 T3759 T3755 advcl create,using R2175 T3760 T3761 poss our,probe R2176 T3761 T3759 dobj probe,create R2177 T3762 T3761 compound hybridization,probe R2178 T3763 T3745 punct .,be R2179 T3765 T3766 advmod Alternatively,expressed R218 T538 T535 acl have,finding R2180 T3767 T3766 punct """, "",expressed" R2181 T3768 T3769 nmod class,genes R2182 T3769 T3766 nsubjpass genes,expressed R2183 T3770 T3768 nummod I,class R2184 T3771 T3766 aux might,expressed R2185 T3772 T3766 auxpass be,expressed R2186 T3773 T3766 prep at,expressed R2187 T3774 T3775 advmod extremely,low R2188 T3775 T3776 amod low,levels R2189 T3776 T3773 pobj levels,at R219 T539 T540 amod different,receptors R2190 T3777 T3766 prep in,expressed R2191 T3778 T3779 det the,epithelium R2192 T3779 T3777 pobj epithelium,in R2193 T3780 T3779 amod olfactory,epithelium R2194 T3781 T3766 punct .,expressed R2195 T3783 T3784 prep In,designed R2196 T3785 T3783 pobj order,In R2197 T3786 T3787 aux to,determine R2198 T3787 T3785 acl determine,order R2199 T3788 T3789 mark whether,expressed R22 T320 T319 amod olfactory,epithelium R220 T540 T538 nsubj receptors,have R2200 T3789 T3787 ccomp expressed,determine R2201 T3790 T3791 nmod class,receptors R2202 T3791 T3789 nsubjpass receptors,expressed R2203 T3792 T3790 nummod I,class R2204 T3793 T3791 amod olfactory,receptors R2205 T3794 T3789 auxpass are,expressed R2206 T3795 T3789 prep in,expressed R2207 T3796 T3797 det the,epithelium R2208 T3797 T3795 pobj epithelium,in R2209 T3798 T3797 amod olfactory,epithelium R221 T541 T540 amod olfactory,receptors R2210 T3799 T3784 punct """, "",designed" R2211 T3800 T3784 nsubj we,designed R2212 T3801 T3802 det a,primer R2213 T3802 T3784 dobj primer,designed R2214 T3803 T3804 amod reverse,strand R2215 T3804 T3802 nmod strand,primer R2216 T3805 T3804 punct -,strand R2217 T3806 T3802 amod degenerate,primer R2218 T3807 T3808 aux to,recognize R2219 T3808 T3784 advcl recognize,designed R222 T542 T543 amod different,levels R2220 T3809 T3810 det a,motif R2221 T3810 T3808 dobj motif,recognize R2222 T3811 T3810 prep in,motif R2223 T3812 T3813 compound transmembrane,domain R2224 T3813 T3811 pobj domain,in R2225 T3814 T3813 nummod 7,domain R2226 T3815 T3816 punct (,NP R2227 T3816 T3813 parataxis NP,domain R2228 T3817 T3816 dep PP,NP R2229 T3818 T3816 punct {,NP R223 T543 T538 dobj levels,have R2230 T3819 T3820 compound V,T R2231 T3820 T3816 dep T,NP R2232 T3821 T3820 punct /,T R2233 T3822 T3820 compound M,T R2234 T3823 T3820 punct /,T R2235 T3824 T3820 compound A,T R2236 T3825 T3820 punct /,T R2237 T3826 T3816 advmod },NP R2238 T3827 T3816 punct {,NP R2239 T3828 T3829 compound F,M R224 T544 T543 compound expression,levels R2240 T3829 T3816 dep M,NP R2241 T3830 T3829 punct /,M R2242 T3831 T3829 compound L,M R2243 T3832 T3829 punct /,M R2244 T3833 T3829 compound I,M R2245 T3834 T3829 punct /,M R2246 T3835 T3816 advmod },NP R2247 T3836 T3816 punct ),NP R2248 T3837 T3810 acl enriched,motif R2249 T3838 T3837 prep among,enriched R225 T545 T536 acomp intriguing,is R2250 T3839 T3840 nmod class,sequences R2251 T3840 T3838 pobj sequences,among R2252 T3841 T3839 nummod I,class R2253 T3842 T3843 amod olfactory,receptor R2254 T3843 T3840 compound receptor,sequences R2255 T3844 T3784 punct .,designed R2256 T3846 T3847 nsubjpass Most,shared R2257 T3848 T3846 prep of,Most R2258 T3849 T3850 det the,motif R2259 T3850 T3848 pobj motif,of R226 T546 T536 prep given,is R2260 T3851 T3847 auxpass is,shared R2261 T3852 T3847 prep among,shared R2262 T3853 T3854 det all,receptors R2263 T3854 T3852 pobj receptors,among R2264 T3855 T3854 amod olfactory,receptors R2265 T3856 T3847 punct """, "",shared" R2266 T3857 T3847 cc but,shared R2267 T3858 T3859 det the,residue R2268 T3859 T3862 nsubjpass residue,found R2269 T3860 T3859 amod first,residue R227 T547 T548 det the,regime R2270 T3861 T3859 compound proline,residue R2271 T3862 T3847 conj found,shared R2272 T3863 T3859 punct (,residue R2273 T3864 T3859 prep at,residue R2274 T3865 T3866 det the,primer R2275 T3866 T3867 poss primer,end R2276 T3867 T3864 pobj end,at R2277 T3868 T3866 case 's,primer R2278 T3869 T3867 nummod 3,end R2279 T3870 T3869 punct ',3 R228 T548 T546 pobj regime,given R2280 T3871 T3862 punct ),found R2281 T3872 T3862 auxpass is,found R2282 T3873 T3862 prep in,found R2283 T3874 T3875 quantmod 121,124 R2284 T3875 T3878 nummod 124,genes R2285 T3876 T3875 quantmod out,124 R2286 T3877 T3875 quantmod of,124 R2287 T3878 T3873 pobj genes,in R2288 T3879 T3880 punct (,% R2289 T3880 T3875 parataxis %,124 R229 T549 T550 nummod one,neuron R2290 T3881 T3880 nummod 98,% R2291 T3882 T3880 punct ),% R2292 T3883 T3878 amod intact,genes R2293 T3884 T3878 nmod class,genes R2294 T3885 T3884 nummod I,class R2295 T3886 T3862 prep compared,found R2296 T3887 T3886 prep to,compared R2297 T3888 T3889 advmod only,983 R2298 T3889 T3893 nummod 983,genes R2299 T3890 T3889 quantmod 37,983 R23 T321 T317 compound cDNA,library R230 T550 T548 nmod neuron,regime R2300 T3891 T3889 quantmod out,983 R2301 T3892 T3889 quantmod of,983 R2302 T3893 T3887 pobj genes,to R2303 T3894 T3895 punct (,% R2304 T3895 T3889 parataxis %,983 R2305 T3896 T3895 nummod 4,% R2306 T3897 T3895 punct ),% R2307 T3898 T3893 amod intact,genes R2308 T3899 T3893 nmod class,genes R2309 T3900 T3899 nummod II,class R231 T551 T550 punct -,neuron R2310 T3901 T3862 punct .,found R2311 T3903 T3904 advmod When,combined R2312 T3904 T3905 advcl combined,amplifies R2313 T3905 T3921 ccomp amplifies,represented R2314 T3906 T3904 prep with,combined R2315 T3907 T3908 det another,primer R2316 T3908 T3906 pobj primer,with R2317 T3909 T3910 amod olfactory,receptor R2318 T3910 T3908 nmod receptor,primer R2319 T3911 T3908 amod degenerate,primer R232 T552 T550 punct """, "",neuron" R2320 T3912 T3908 punct """, "",primer" R2321 T3913 T3908 appos P26,primer R2322 T3914 T3915 punct [,17 R2323 T3915 T3904 parataxis 17,combined R2324 T3916 T3915 punct ],17 R2325 T3917 T3905 punct """, "",amplifies" R2326 T3918 T3919 det this,primer R2327 T3919 T3905 nsubj primer,amplifies R2328 T3920 T3905 advmod preferentially,amplifies R2329 T3922 T3923 nmod class,receptors R233 T553 T554 nummod one,gene R2330 T3923 T3905 dobj receptors,amplifies R2331 T3924 T3922 nummod I,class R2332 T3925 T3923 amod olfactory,receptors R2333 T3926 T3923 prep from,receptors R2334 T3927 T3928 nmod mouse,DNA R2335 T3928 T3926 pobj DNA,from R2336 T3929 T3928 amod genomic,DNA R2337 T3930 T3921 punct : ,represented R2338 T3931 T3921 prep of,represented R2339 T3932 T3933 nummod 33,products R234 T554 T550 appos gene,neuron R2340 T3933 T3931 pobj products,of R2341 T3934 T3933 amod sequenced,products R2342 T3935 T3933 punct """, "",products" R2343 T3936 T3933 amod cloned,products R2344 T3937 T3933 compound PCR,products R2345 T3938 T3921 punct """, "",represented" R2346 T3939 T3921 nsubj 17,represented R2347 T3940 T3941 nummod seven,receptors R2348 T3941 T3921 dobj receptors,represented R2349 T3942 T3941 amod different,receptors R235 T555 T554 punct -,gene R2350 T3943 T3941 nmod class,receptors R2351 T3944 T3943 nummod I,class R2352 T3945 T3941 amod olfactory,receptors R2353 T3946 T3921 punct """, "",represented" R2354 T3947 T3948 nsubj six,represented R2355 T3948 T3921 conj represented,represented R2356 T3949 T3950 nummod three,receptors R2357 T3950 T3948 dobj receptors,represented R2358 T3951 T3950 amod different,receptors R2359 T3952 T3950 nmod class,receptors R236 T556 T548 compound expression,regime R2360 T3953 T3952 nummod II,class R2361 T3954 T3950 amod olfactory,receptors R2362 T3955 T3948 punct """, "",represented" R2363 T3956 T3948 cc and,represented R2364 T3957 T3958 nsubj ten,represented R2365 T3958 T3948 conj represented,represented R2366 T3959 T3960 nummod five,contaminants R2367 T3960 T3958 dobj contaminants,represented R2368 T3961 T3960 amod different,contaminants R2369 T3962 T3963 amod non-olfactory,receptor R237 T557 T548 prep of,regime R2370 T3963 T3960 compound receptor,contaminants R2371 T3964 T3921 punct .,represented R2372 T3966 T3967 amod Degenerate,PCR R2373 T3967 T3968 nsubj PCR,showed R2374 T3969 T3967 punct """, "",PCR" R2375 T3970 T3967 conj cloning,PCR R2376 T3971 T3970 punct """, "",cloning" R2377 T3972 T3970 cc and,cloning R2378 T3973 T3970 conj sequencing,cloning R2379 T3974 T3973 prep from,sequencing R238 T558 T559 amod olfactory,receptors R2380 T3975 T3976 amod reverse,transcribed R2381 T3976 T3978 amod transcribed,RNA R2382 T3977 T3976 punct -,transcribed R2383 T3978 T3974 pobj RNA,from R2384 T3979 T3980 amod olfactory,epithelium R2385 T3980 T3978 compound epithelium,RNA R2386 T3981 T3982 mark that,expressed R2387 T3982 T3968 ccomp expressed,showed R2388 T3983 T3984 advmod at,seven R2389 T3984 T3986 nummod seven,receptors R239 T559 T557 pobj receptors,of R2390 T3985 T3984 advmod least,seven R2391 T3986 T3982 nsubjpass receptors,expressed R2392 T3987 T3986 nmod class,receptors R2393 T3988 T3987 nummod I,class R2394 T3989 T3986 amod olfactory,receptors R2395 T3990 T3982 auxpass are,expressed R2396 T3991 T3982 punct """, "",expressed" R2397 T3992 T3993 advmod as,as R2398 T3993 T3995 cc as,gene R2399 T3994 T3993 advmod well,as R24 T322 T323 aux to,obtain R240 T560 T536 punct .,is R2400 T3995 T3982 dep gene,expressed R2401 T3996 T3995 nummod one,gene R2402 T3997 T3995 amod additional,gene R2403 T3998 T3995 nmod class,gene R2404 T3999 T3998 nummod II,class R2405 T4000 T3995 punct (,gene R2406 T4001 T3995 acl colored,gene R2407 T4002 T4001 oprd red,colored R2408 T4003 T4001 prep in,colored R2409 T4004 T4003 pobj Figure,in R241 T562 T563 nsubj We,provide R2410 T4005 T4004 nummod 1,Figure R2411 T4006 T3995 punct ),gene R2412 T4007 T3968 punct .,showed R2413 T4009 T4010 advmod However,obtained R2414 T4011 T4010 punct """, "",obtained" R2415 T4012 T4013 det no,products R2416 T4013 T4010 nsubjpass products,obtained R2417 T4014 T4010 aux could,obtained R2418 T4015 T4010 auxpass be,obtained R2419 T4016 T4010 prep from,obtained R242 T564 T565 nummod 5,region R2420 T4017 T4018 det the,adult R2421 T4018 T4016 pobj adult,from R2422 T4019 T4018 cc or,adult R2423 T4020 T4021 det the,fetal R2424 T4021 T4022 nmod fetal,libraries R2425 T4022 T4018 conj libraries,adult R2426 T4023 T4024 amod olfactory,epithelium R2427 T4024 T4022 compound epithelium,libraries R2428 T4025 T4022 compound cDNA,libraries R2429 T4026 T4010 advcl using,obtained R243 T565 T568 compound region,sequences R2430 T4027 T4028 det the,primer R2431 T4028 T4026 dobj primer,using R2432 T4029 T4028 nmod class,primer R2433 T4030 T4029 nummod I,class R2434 T4031 T4010 punct """, "",obtained" R2435 T4032 T4010 advcl suggesting,obtained R2436 T4033 T4034 mark that,contain R2437 T4034 T4032 ccomp contain,suggesting R2438 T4035 T4036 det the,libraries R2439 T4036 T4034 nsubj libraries,contain R244 T566 T564 punct ',5 R2440 T4037 T4038 advmod very,low R2441 T4038 T4039 amod low,levels R2442 T4039 T4034 dobj levels,contain R2443 T4040 T4039 prep of,levels R2444 T4041 T4042 nmod class,receptors R2445 T4042 T4040 pobj receptors,of R2446 T4043 T4041 nummod I,class R2447 T4044 T4042 amod olfactory,receptors R2448 T4045 T4010 punct .,obtained R2449 T4047 T4048 nsubj We,confirmed R245 T567 T565 amod untranslated,region R2450 T4049 T4048 advmod also,confirmed R2451 T4050 T4048 dobj expression,confirmed R2452 T4051 T4050 prep of,expression R2453 T4052 T4053 nummod nine,receptors R2454 T4053 T4051 pobj receptors,of R2455 T4054 T4053 amod additional,receptors R2456 T4055 T4053 amod olfactory,receptors R2457 T4056 T4053 punct (,receptors R2458 T4057 T4058 nummod three,class R2459 T4058 T4053 appos class,receptors R246 T568 T563 dobj sequences,provide R2460 T4059 T4058 nummod I,class R2461 T4060 T4058 cc and,class R2462 T4061 T4062 nummod six,class R2463 T4062 T4058 conj class,class R2464 T4063 T4062 nummod II,class R2465 T4064 T4053 punct """, "",receptors" R2466 T4065 T4053 acl colored,receptors R2467 T4066 T4065 oprd red,colored R2468 T4067 T4065 prep in,colored R2469 T4068 T4067 pobj Figure,in R247 T569 T568 cc and,sequences R2470 T4069 T4068 nummod 1,Figure R2471 T4070 T4053 punct ),receptors R2472 T4071 T4048 prep from,confirmed R2473 T4072 T4071 pobj subclades,from R2474 T4073 T4074 dep that,represented R2475 T4074 T4072 relcl represented,subclades R2476 T4075 T4074 auxpass were,represented R2477 T4076 T4074 advmod poorly,represented R2478 T4077 T4074 prep in,represented R2479 T4078 T4079 poss our,screen R248 T570 T571 compound candidate,regions R2480 T4079 T4077 pobj screen,in R2481 T4080 T4079 compound cDNA,screen R2482 T4081 T4048 advcl using,confirmed R2483 T4082 T4083 npadvmod gene,specific R2484 T4083 T4085 amod specific,pairs R2485 T4084 T4083 punct -,specific R2486 T4085 T4081 dobj pairs,using R2487 T4086 T4085 compound primer,pairs R2488 T4087 T4088 aux to,amplify R2489 T4088 T4081 advcl amplify,using R249 T571 T568 conj regions,sequences R2490 T4089 T4090 compound cDNA,library R2491 T4090 T4088 dobj library,amplify R2492 T4091 T4090 cc or,library R2493 T4092 T4093 amod reverse,transcribed R2494 T4093 T4095 amod transcribed,templates R2495 T4094 T4093 punct -,transcribed R2496 T4095 T4090 conj templates,library R2497 T4096 T4095 compound RNA,templates R2498 T4097 T4048 punct .,confirmed R2499 T4099 T4100 prep For,determined R25 T323 T314 advcl obtain,screened R250 T572 T571 compound promoter,regions R2500 T4101 T4099 pobj two,For R2501 T4102 T4101 prep of,two R2502 T4103 T4104 det the,genes R2503 T4104 T4102 pobj genes,of R2504 T4105 T4104 nmod class,genes R2505 T4106 T4105 nummod I,class R2506 T4107 T4108 nsubj we,shown R2507 T4108 T4104 advcl shown,genes R2508 T4109 T4108 aux had,shown R2509 T4110 T4111 aux to,expressed R251 T573 T568 prep for,sequences R2510 T4111 T4108 xcomp expressed,shown R2511 T4112 T4111 auxpass be,expressed R2512 T4113 T4100 punct """, "",determined" R2513 T4114 T4100 nsubj we,determined R2514 T4115 T4116 amod relative,levels R2515 T4116 T4100 dobj levels,determined R2516 T4117 T4116 compound transcript,levels R2517 T4118 T4100 advcl using,determined R2518 T4119 T4120 amod quantitative,PCR R2519 T4120 T4118 dobj PCR,using R252 T574 T575 amod more,300 R2520 T4121 T4120 compound RT,PCR R2521 T4122 T4120 punct -,PCR R2522 T4123 T4124 punct (,see R2523 T4124 T4100 parataxis see,determined R2524 T4125 T4124 advmod below,see R2525 T4126 T4124 punct ),see R2526 T4127 T4100 punct .,determined R2527 T4129 T4130 compound Expression,levels R2528 T4130 T4131 nsubj levels,were R2529 T4132 T4131 acomp similar,were R253 T575 T577 nummod 300,receptors R2530 T4133 T4132 prep to,similar R2531 T4134 T4133 pobj those,to R2532 T4135 T4134 acl observed,those R2533 T4136 T4135 prep for,observed R2534 T4137 T4136 pobj genes,for R2535 T4138 T4139 dep that,represented R2536 T4139 T4137 relcl represented,genes R2537 T4140 T4139 auxpass were,represented R2538 T4141 T4139 prep in,represented R2539 T4142 T4143 poss our,collection R254 T576 T575 quantmod than,300 R2540 T4143 T4141 pobj collection,in R2541 T4144 T4143 compound cDNA,collection R2542 T4145 T4131 punct """, "",were" R2543 T4146 T4131 advcl suggesting,were R2544 T4147 T4148 mark that,represented R2545 T4148 T4146 advcl represented,suggesting R2546 T4149 T4150 nmod class,receptors R2547 T4150 T4148 nsubjpass receptors,represented R2548 T4151 T4149 nummod I,class R2549 T4152 T4150 amod olfactory,receptors R255 T577 T573 pobj receptors,for R2550 T4153 T4148 auxpass are,represented R2551 T4154 T4148 neg not,represented R2552 T4155 T4148 advmod under,represented R2553 T4156 T4148 punct -,represented R2554 T4157 T4148 prep in,represented R2555 T4158 T4159 det the,epithelium R2556 T4159 T4157 pobj epithelium,in R2557 T4160 T4159 amod olfactory,epithelium R2558 T4161 T4148 punct """, "",represented" R2559 T4162 T4148 cc and,represented R256 T578 T577 amod olfactory,receptors R2560 T4163 T4164 mark that,is R2561 T4164 T4148 conj is,represented R2562 T4165 T4166 det the,dearth R2563 T4166 T4164 nsubj dearth,is R2564 T4167 T4166 prep of,dearth R2565 T4168 T4169 nmod class,cDNAs R2566 T4169 T4167 pobj cDNAs,of R2567 T4170 T4168 nummod I,class R2568 T4171 T4166 prep in,dearth R2569 T4172 T4173 poss our,screen R257 T579 T568 punct """, "",sequences" R2570 T4173 T4171 pobj screen,in R2571 T4174 T4164 acomp likely,is R2572 T4175 T4176 aux to,be R2573 T4176 T4174 xcomp be,likely R2574 T4177 T4176 prep due,be R2575 T4178 T4177 pcomp to,due R2576 T4179 T4177 pobj bias,due R2577 T4180 T4179 prep in,bias R2578 T4181 T4182 det the,libraries R2579 T4182 T4180 pobj libraries,in R258 T580 T581 amod valuable,resources R2580 T4183 T4182 cc and,libraries R2581 T4184 T4183 punct /,and R2582 T4185 T4183 cc or,and R2583 T4186 T4187 compound hybridization,probes R2584 T4187 T4182 conj probes,libraries R2585 T4188 T4131 punct .,were R2588 T4620 T4621 det Some,genes R2589 T4621 T4624 nsubjpass genes,expressed R259 T581 T568 appos resources,sequences R2590 T4622 T4623 amod olfactory,receptor R2591 T4623 T4621 compound receptor,genes R2592 T4625 T4624 auxpass are,expressed R2593 T4626 T4624 prep at,expressed R2594 T4627 T4628 amod higher,levels R2595 T4628 T4626 pobj levels,at R2596 T4629 T4628 prep than,levels R2597 T4630 T4629 pobj others,than R2598 T4632 T4633 poss Our,screen R2599 T4633 T4635 nsubj screen,suggests R26 T324 T325 amod olfactory,receptor R260 T582 T581 prep for,resources R2600 T4634 T4633 compound cDNA,screen R2601 T4636 T4637 mark that,expressed R2602 T4637 T4635 ccomp expressed,suggests R2603 T4638 T4639 det some,genes R2604 T4639 T4637 nsubjpass genes,expressed R2605 T4640 T4641 amod olfactory,receptor R2606 T4641 T4639 compound receptor,genes R2607 T4642 T4637 auxpass are,expressed R2608 T4643 T4637 prep at,expressed R2609 T4644 T4645 amod higher,levels R261 T583 T584 amod computational,motif R2610 T4645 T4643 pobj levels,at R2611 T4646 T4645 prep than,levels R2612 T4647 T4646 pobj others,than R2613 T4648 T4635 punct .,suggests R2614 T4650 T4651 mark If,expressed R2615 T4651 T4657 advcl expressed,follow R2616 T4652 T4653 det all,genes R2617 T4653 T4651 nsubjpass genes,expressed R2618 T4654 T4655 amod olfactory,receptor R2619 T4655 T4653 compound receptor,genes R262 T584 T586 compound motif,searches R2620 T4656 T4651 auxpass were,expressed R2621 T4658 T4651 prep at,expressed R2622 T4659 T4660 amod equal,levels R2623 T4660 T4658 pobj levels,at R2624 T4661 T4651 punct """, "",expressed" R2625 T4662 T4651 cc and,expressed R2626 T4663 T4664 poss our,screen R2627 T4664 T4665 nsubj screen,were R2628 T4665 T4651 conj were,expressed R2629 T4666 T4664 cc and,screen R263 T585 T584 amod regulatory,motif R2630 T4667 T4664 conj library,screen R2631 T4668 T4665 acomp unbiased,were R2632 T4669 T4665 prep in,were R2633 T4670 T4671 poss their,coverage R2634 T4671 T4669 pobj coverage,in R2635 T4672 T4671 prep of,coverage R2636 T4673 T4674 det the,receptors R2637 T4674 T4672 pobj receptors,of R2638 T4675 T4674 nmod class,receptors R2639 T4676 T4675 nummod II,class R264 T586 T582 pobj searches,for R2640 T4677 T4674 amod olfactory,receptors R2641 T4678 T4657 punct """, "",follow" R2642 T4679 T4680 det the,number R2643 T4680 T4657 nsubj number,follow R2644 T4681 T4680 prep of,number R2645 T4682 T4681 pobj cDNAs,of R2646 T4683 T4680 acl detected,number R2647 T4684 T4683 prep per,detected R2648 T4685 T4686 nmod class,receptor R2649 T4686 T4684 pobj receptor,per R265 T587 T582 cc and,for R2650 T4687 T4685 nummod II,class R2651 T4688 T4686 amod olfactory,receptor R2652 T4689 T4657 aux should,follow R2653 T4690 T4691 det a,distribution R2654 T4691 T4657 dobj distribution,follow R2655 T4692 T4691 compound Poisson,distribution R2656 T4693 T4691 punct """, "",distribution" R2657 T4694 T4691 acl calculated,distribution R2658 T4695 T4694 prep based,calculated R2659 T4696 T4695 prep on,based R266 T588 T582 conj for,for R2660 T4697 T4698 det the,assumption R2661 T4698 T4696 pobj assumption,on R2662 T4699 T4700 mark that,have R2663 T4700 T4698 advcl have,assumption R2664 T4701 T4702 det all,receptors R2665 T4702 T4700 nsubj receptors,have R2666 T4703 T4702 nummod 983,receptors R2667 T4704 T4702 amod intact,receptors R2668 T4705 T4702 nmod class,receptors R2669 T4706 T4705 nummod II,class R267 T589 T588 pcomp designing,for R2670 T4707 T4702 amod olfactory,receptors R2671 T4708 T4709 det an,chance R2672 T4709 T4700 dobj chance,have R2673 T4710 T4709 amod equal,chance R2674 T4711 T4709 prep of,chance R2675 T4712 T4713 auxpass being,represented R2676 T4713 T4711 pcomp represented,of R2677 T4714 T4713 prep in,represented R2678 T4715 T4716 det the,screen R2679 T4716 T4714 pobj screen,in R268 T590 T591 amod olfactory,receptor R2680 T4717 T4700 punct """, "",have" R2681 T4718 T4700 cc but,have R2682 T4719 T4720 mark that,found R2683 T4720 T4700 conj found,have R2684 T4721 T4722 nmod class,receptors R2685 T4722 T4720 nsubjpass receptors,found R2686 T4723 T4721 nummod I,class R2687 T4724 T4722 amod olfactory,receptors R2688 T4725 T4722 cc and,receptors R2689 T4726 T4722 conj pseudogenes,receptors R269 T591 T592 compound receptor,microarrays R2690 T4727 T4720 aux can,found R2691 T4728 T4720 neg not,found R2692 T4729 T4720 auxpass be,found R2693 T4730 T4731 punct (,Figure R2694 T4731 T4720 parataxis Figure,found R2695 T4732 T4731 nummod 2,Figure R2696 T4733 T4731 punct ),Figure R2697 T4734 T4657 punct .,follow R2698 T4736 T4737 nsubj We,calculate R2699 T4738 T4739 det a,probability R27 T325 T326 npadvmod receptor,expressed R270 T592 T589 dobj microarrays,designing R2700 T4739 T4737 dobj probability,calculate R2701 T4740 T4739 amod low,probability R2702 T4741 T4742 punct (,one R2703 T4742 T4739 parataxis one,probability R2704 T4743 T4742 advmod approximately,one R2705 T4744 T4742 prep in,one R2706 T4745 T4744 pobj 28,in R2707 T4746 T4742 punct ),one R2708 T4747 T4748 mark that,observe R2709 T4748 T4739 acl observe,probability R271 T593 T592 cc and,microarrays R2710 T4749 T4748 nsubj we,observe R2711 T4750 T4748 aux would,observe R2712 T4751 T4752 det any,gene R2713 T4752 T4748 dobj gene,observe R2714 T4753 T4752 prep with,gene R2715 T4754 T4755 advmod at,eight R2716 T4755 T4757 nummod eight,cDNAs R2717 T4756 T4755 advmod least,eight R2718 T4757 T4753 pobj cDNAs,with R2719 T4758 T4757 amod matching,cDNAs R272 T594 T595 amod other,probes R2720 T4759 T4748 prep in,observe R2721 T4760 T4761 det the,set R2722 T4761 T4759 pobj set,in R2723 T4762 T4761 prep of,set R2724 T4763 T4764 nummod """1,176"",cDNAs" R2725 T4764 T4762 pobj cDNAs,of R2726 T4765 T4766 nsubj we,assigned R2727 T4766 T4764 advcl assigned,cDNAs R2728 T4767 T4766 prep to,assigned R2729 T4768 T4769 amod single,sequences R273 T595 T592 conj probes,microarrays R2730 T4769 T4767 pobj sequences,to R2731 T4770 T4771 amod olfactory,receptor R2732 T4771 T4769 compound receptor,sequences R2733 T4772 T4737 punct .,calculate R2734 T4774 T4775 advmod However,found R2735 T4776 T4775 punct """, "",found" R2736 T4777 T4775 prep for,found R2737 T4778 T4779 nummod 17,receptors R2738 T4779 T4777 pobj receptors,for R2739 T4780 T4779 amod olfactory,receptors R274 T596 T595 amod experimental,probes R2740 T4781 T4775 punct """, "",found" R2741 T4782 T4775 nsubj we,found R2742 T4783 T4784 nummod ten,cDNAs R2743 T4784 T4775 dobj cDNAs,found R2744 T4785 T4783 cc or,ten R2745 T4786 T4783 conj more,ten R2746 T4787 T4784 compound matching,cDNAs R2747 T4788 T4775 punct """, "",found" R2748 T4789 T4775 advcl suggesting,found R2749 T4790 T4791 mark that,expressed R275 T597 T563 punct .,provide R2750 T4791 T4789 ccomp expressed,suggesting R2751 T4792 T4791 nsubjpass they,expressed R2752 T4793 T4791 aux might,expressed R2753 T4794 T4791 auxpass be,expressed R2754 T4795 T4791 prep at,expressed R2755 T4796 T4797 amod higher,levels R2756 T4797 T4795 pobj levels,at R2757 T4798 T4797 prep than,levels R2758 T4799 T4800 amod other,genes R2759 T4800 T4798 pobj genes,than R276 T246 T247 compound Odorant,receptor R2760 T4801 T4802 amod olfactory,receptor R2761 T4802 T4800 compound receptor,genes R2762 T4803 T4804 punct (,Figure R2763 T4804 T4789 parataxis Figure,suggesting R2764 T4805 T4804 nummod 2,Figure R2765 T4806 T4804 punct ),Figure R2766 T4807 T4775 punct .,found R2767 T4809 T4810 det The,genes R2768 T4810 T4812 nsubj genes,are R2769 T4811 T4810 nummod two,genes R277 T247 T249 npadvmod receptor,expressed R2770 T4813 T4814 prep for,found R2771 T4814 T4810 relcl found,genes R2772 T4815 T4813 pobj which,for R2773 T4816 T4814 nsubj we,found R2774 T4817 T4818 amod most,cDNAs R2775 T4818 T4814 dobj cDNAs,found R2776 T4819 T4810 punct (,genes R2777 T4820 T4821 compound AY318726,MOR28 R2778 T4821 T4810 appos MOR28,genes R2779 T4822 T4821 punct /,MOR28 R278 T249 T250 amod expressed,tags R2780 T4823 T4821 cc and,MOR28 R2781 T4824 T4825 compound AY318727,MOR10 R2782 T4825 T4821 conj MOR10,MOR28 R2783 T4826 T4825 punct /,MOR10 R2784 T4827 T4810 punct ),genes R2785 T4828 T4829 advmod genomically,adjacent R2786 T4829 T4812 acomp adjacent,are R2787 T4830 T4829 cc and,adjacent R2788 T4831 T4829 conj in,adjacent R2789 T4832 T4833 det the,cluster R279 T250 T252 nsubj tags,demonstrate R2790 T4833 T4831 pobj cluster,in R2791 T4834 T4835 advmod well,studied R2792 T4835 T4833 amod studied,cluster R2793 T4836 T4835 punct -,studied R2794 T4837 T4838 amod olfactory,receptor R2795 T4838 T4833 compound receptor,cluster R2796 T4839 T4840 amod next,to R2797 T4840 T4833 prep to,cluster R2798 T4841 T4842 det the,locus R2799 T4842 T4840 pobj locus,to R28 T326 T327 amod expressed,tags R280 T251 T250 compound sequence,tags R2800 T4843 T4844 compound T,cell R2801 T4844 T4842 compound cell,locus R2802 T4845 T4844 punct -,cell R2803 T4846 T4842 compound receptor,locus R2804 T4847 T4848 compound α,δ R2805 T4848 T4842 compound δ,locus R2806 T4849 T4848 punct /,δ R2807 T4850 T4851 punct [,31 R2808 T4851 T4812 parataxis 31,are R2809 T4852 T4851 nummod 18,31 R281 T253 T254 amod olfactory,expression R2810 T4853 T4851 punct ""","",31" R2811 T4854 T4851 punct ],31 R2812 T4855 T4812 punct .,are R2813 T4857 T4858 amod Quantitative,PCR R2814 T4858 T4861 nsubj PCR,confirms R2815 T4859 T4858 compound RT,PCR R2816 T4860 T4858 punct -,PCR R2817 T4862 T4858 prep of,PCR R2818 T4863 T4864 nummod six,receptors R2819 T4864 T4862 pobj receptors,of R282 T254 T252 dobj expression,demonstrate R2820 T4865 T4864 amod olfactory,receptors R2821 T4866 T4867 mark that,vary R2822 T4867 T4861 ccomp vary,confirms R2823 T4868 T4869 compound expression,levels R2824 T4869 T4867 nsubj levels,vary R2825 T4870 T4867 aux do,vary R2826 T4871 T4867 advmod indeed,vary R2827 T4872 T4867 advmod considerably,vary R2828 T4873 T4867 prep between,vary R2829 T4874 T4873 pobj genes,between R283 T255 T254 prep of,expression R2830 T4875 T4861 punct .,confirms R2831 T4877 T4878 nsubj We,used R2832 T4879 T4880 amod quantitative,PCR R2833 T4880 T4878 dobj PCR,used R2834 T4881 T4880 punct (,PCR R2835 T4882 T4883 amod real,time R2836 T4883 T4880 nmod time,PCR R2837 T4884 T4883 punct -,time R2838 T4885 T4880 punct ),PCR R2839 T4886 T4887 aux to,measure R284 T256 T257 quantmod over,400 R2840 T4887 T4878 advcl measure,used R2841 T4888 T4889 amod olfactory,epithelium R2842 T4889 T4890 compound epithelium,levels R2843 T4890 T4887 dobj levels,measure R2844 T4891 T4890 compound transcript,levels R2845 T4892 T4890 prep of,levels R2846 T4893 T4894 nummod six,genes R2847 T4894 T4892 pobj genes,of R2848 T4895 T4896 amod olfactory,receptor R2849 T4896 T4894 compound receptor,genes R285 T257 T258 nummod 400,genes R2850 T4897 T4894 cc and,genes R2851 T4898 T4899 det the,gene R2852 T4899 T4894 conj gene,genes R2853 T4900 T4899 amod ribosomal,gene R2854 T4901 T4899 compound S16,gene R2855 T4902 T4887 prep in,measure R2856 T4903 T4904 nummod three,mice R2857 T4904 T4902 pobj mice,in R2858 T4905 T4904 prep of,mice R2859 T4906 T4907 det the,strain R286 T258 T255 pobj genes,of R2860 T4907 T4905 pobj strain,of R2861 T4908 T4907 amod same,strain R2862 T4909 T4907 amod inbred,strain R2863 T4910 T4911 punct (,Figure R2864 T4911 T4887 parataxis Figure,measure R2865 T4912 T4911 nummod 3,Figure R2866 T4913 T4911 punct ),Figure R2867 T4914 T4878 punct .,used R2868 T4916 T4917 det These,genes R2869 T4917 T4918 nsubj genes,include R287 T259 T254 punct """, "",expression" R2870 T4919 T4920 nummod two,receptors R2871 T4920 T4918 dobj receptors,include R2872 T4921 T4920 amod olfactory,receptors R2873 T4922 T4920 prep with,receptors R2874 T4923 T4924 amod more,20 R2875 T4924 T4926 nummod 20,cDNAs R2876 T4925 T4924 quantmod than,20 R2877 T4926 T4922 pobj cDNAs,with R2878 T4927 T4926 amod matching,cDNAs R2879 T4928 T4920 punct """, "",receptors" R288 T260 T261 amod extensive,splicing R2880 T4929 T4920 conj two,receptors R2881 T4930 T4929 prep with,two R2882 T4931 T4932 nummod one,cDNAs R2883 T4932 T4930 pobj cDNAs,with R2884 T4933 T4931 cc or,one R2885 T4934 T4931 conj two,one R2886 T4935 T4932 amod matching,cDNAs R2887 T4936 T4929 cc and,two R2888 T4937 T4938 nummod two,receptors R2889 T4938 T4929 conj receptors,two R289 T261 T254 conj splicing,expression R2890 T4939 T4938 nmod class,receptors R2891 T4940 T4939 nummod I,class R2892 T4941 T4938 amod olfactory,receptors R2893 T4942 T4938 prep with,receptors R2894 T4943 T4944 det no,cDNAs R2895 T4944 T4942 pobj cDNAs,with R2896 T4945 T4944 amod matching,cDNAs R2897 T4946 T4918 punct .,include R2898 T4948 T4949 prep In,measure R2899 T4950 T4951 det these,assays R29 T327 T323 dobj tags,obtain R290 T262 T261 amod alternate,splicing R2900 T4951 T4948 pobj assays,In R2901 T4952 T4949 punct """, "",measure" R2902 T4953 T4949 nsubj we,measure R2903 T4954 T4955 compound transcript,level R2904 T4955 T4949 dobj level,measure R2905 T4956 T4955 prep per,level R2906 T4957 T4958 amod genomic,copy R2907 T4958 T4956 pobj copy,per R2908 T4959 T4958 prep of,copy R2909 T4960 T4961 det the,gene R291 T263 T261 cc and,splicing R2910 T4961 T4959 pobj gene,of R2911 T4962 T4949 prep by,measure R2912 T4963 T4962 pcomp comparing,by R2913 T4964 T4965 advmod how,well R2914 T4965 T4966 advmod well,amplifies R2915 T4966 T4963 ccomp amplifies,comparing R2916 T4967 T4968 det a,pair R2917 T4968 T4966 nsubj pair,amplifies R2918 T4969 T4970 npadvmod gene,specific R2919 T4970 T4968 amod specific,pair R292 T264 T265 amod unequal,levels R2920 T4971 T4970 punct -,specific R2921 T4972 T4968 compound primer,pair R2922 T4973 T4974 amod reverse,transcribed R2923 T4974 T4976 amod transcribed,RNA R2924 T4975 T4974 punct -,transcribed R2925 T4976 T4966 dobj RNA,amplifies R2926 T4977 T4963 punct """, "",comparing" R2927 T4978 T4963 advcl relative,comparing R2928 T4979 T4978 prep to,relative R2929 T4980 T4981 det a,curve R293 T265 T261 conj levels,splicing R2930 T4981 T4979 pobj curve,to R2931 T4982 T4981 amod standard,curve R2932 T4983 T4981 prep of,curve R2933 T4984 T4983 pobj amplification,of R2934 T4985 T4984 prep of,amplification R2935 T4986 T4987 nmod mouse,DNA R2936 T4987 T4985 pobj DNA,of R2937 T4988 T4987 amod genomic,DNA R2938 T4989 T4949 punct .,measure R2939 T4991 T4992 nsubj We,find R294 T266 T265 compound expression,levels R2940 T4993 T4994 mark that,vary R2941 T4994 T4992 ccomp vary,find R2942 T4995 T4996 compound expression,levels R2943 T4996 T4994 nsubj levels,vary R2944 T4997 T4994 aux can,vary R2945 T4998 T4994 prep by,vary R2946 T4999 T5000 advmod almost,300-fold R2947 T5000 T4998 pcomp 300-fold,by R2948 T5001 T4994 prep between,vary R2949 T5002 T5001 pobj genes,between R295 T271 T272 det The,family R2950 T5003 T5004 punct (,Figure R2951 T5004 T5002 parataxis Figure,genes R2952 T5005 T5004 prep for,Figure R2953 T5006 T5005 pobj example,for R2954 T5007 T5004 punct """, "",Figure" R2955 T5008 T5009 compound genes,A R2956 T5009 T5004 dep A,Figure R2957 T5010 T5009 cc and,A R2958 T5011 T5009 conj D,A R2959 T5012 T5004 punct """, "",Figure" R296 T272 T276 nsubj family,is R2960 T5013 T5004 nummod 3,Figure R2961 T5014 T5004 punct ),Figure R2962 T5015 T4992 punct .,find R2963 T5017 T5018 advmod However,are R2964 T5019 T5018 punct """, "",are" R2965 T5020 T5021 compound cDNA,numbers R2966 T5021 T5018 nsubj numbers,are R2967 T5022 T5018 neg not,are R2968 T5023 T5024 det a,indicator R2969 T5024 T5018 attr indicator,are R297 T273 T274 amod olfactory,receptor R2970 T5025 T5024 amod good,indicator R2971 T5026 T5024 prep of,indicator R2972 T5027 T5028 compound expression,level R2973 T5028 T5026 pobj level,of R2974 T5029 T5018 punct """, "",are" R2975 T5030 T5031 det a,discrepancy R2976 T5031 T5018 npadvmod discrepancy,are R2977 T5032 T5033 dep that,is R2978 T5033 T5031 relcl is,discrepancy R2979 T5034 T5033 acomp likely,is R298 T274 T275 compound receptor,gene R2980 T5035 T5036 aux to,be R2981 T5036 T5034 xcomp be,likely R2982 T5037 T5036 prep due,be R2983 T5038 T5037 pcomp to,due R2984 T5039 T5037 pobj bias,due R2985 T5040 T5039 prep in,bias R2986 T5041 T5042 det the,screen R2987 T5042 T5040 pobj screen,in R2988 T5043 T5044 punct (,used R2989 T5044 T5042 parataxis used,screen R299 T275 T272 compound gene,family R2990 T5045 T5044 nsubj we,used R2991 T5046 T5047 amod degenerate,primers R2992 T5047 T5044 dobj primers,used R2993 T5048 T5049 aux to,make R2994 T5049 T5044 advcl make,used R2995 T5050 T5051 det the,probes R2996 T5051 T5049 dobj probes,make R2997 T5052 T5044 punct """, "",used" R2998 T5053 T5054 dep which,favor R2999 T5054 T5044 ccomp favor,used R30 T328 T327 compound sequence,tags R300 T277 T276 attr one,is R3000 T5055 T5054 aux will,favor R3001 T5056 T5057 det some,genes R3002 T5057 T5054 dobj genes,favor R3003 T5058 T5054 prep over,favor R3004 T5059 T5058 pobj others,over R3005 T5060 T5044 punct ),used R3006 T5061 T5040 cc and,in R3007 T5062 T5040 conj in,in R3008 T5063 T5064 det the,libraries R3009 T5064 T5062 pobj libraries,in R301 T278 T277 prep of,one R3010 T5065 T5066 punct (,favor R3011 T5066 T5064 parataxis favor,libraries R3012 T5067 T5068 compound oligo,dT R3013 T5068 T5070 compound dT,priming R3014 T5069 T5068 punct -,dT R3015 T5070 T5066 nsubj priming,favor R3016 T5071 T5066 aux will,favor R3017 T5072 T5066 dobj genes,favor R3018 T5073 T5072 prep with,genes R3019 T5074 T5075 amod shorter,UTRs R302 T279 T280 det the,largest R3020 T5075 T5073 pobj UTRs,with R3021 T5076 T5075 nummod 3,UTRs R3022 T5077 T5076 punct ',3 R3023 T5078 T5066 punct ),favor R3024 T5079 T5018 punct .,are R3025 T5081 T5082 prep For,observe R3026 T5083 T5081 pobj example,For R3027 T5084 T5082 punct """, "",observe" R3028 T5085 T5082 nsubj we,observe R3029 T5086 T5087 amod large,differences R303 T280 T278 pobj largest,of R3030 T5087 T5082 dobj differences,observe R3031 T5088 T5087 compound expression,differences R3032 T5089 T5087 prep in,differences R3033 T5090 T5091 predet all,mice R3034 T5091 T5089 pobj mice,in R3035 T5092 T5091 nummod three,mice R3036 T5093 T5087 prep between,differences R3037 T5094 T5095 nummod two,genes R3038 T5095 T5093 pobj genes,between R3039 T5096 T5097 prep for,found R304 T281 T276 prep in,is R3040 T5097 T5095 relcl found,genes R3041 T5098 T5096 pobj which,for R3042 T5099 T5100 amod similar,numbers R3043 T5100 T5097 nsubjpass numbers,found R3044 T5101 T5100 prep of,numbers R3045 T5102 T5101 pobj cDNAs,of R3046 T5103 T5097 auxpass were,found R3047 T5104 T5095 punct (,genes R3048 T5105 T5106 compound genes,A R3049 T5106 T5095 appos A,genes R305 T282 T283 det the,genome R3050 T5107 T5106 cc and,A R3051 T5108 T5106 conj B,A R3052 T5109 T5110 punct """, "",Figure" R3053 T5110 T5095 parataxis Figure,genes R3054 T5111 T5110 nummod 3,Figure R3055 T5112 T5110 punct ),Figure R3056 T5113 T5087 punct """, "",differences" R3057 T5114 T5087 cc and,differences R3058 T5115 T5116 advmod conversely,levels R3059 T5116 T5087 conj levels,differences R306 T283 T281 pobj genome,in R3060 T5117 T5116 punct """, "",levels" R3061 T5118 T5116 amod similar,levels R3062 T5119 T5116 compound expression,levels R3063 T5120 T5116 prep between,levels R3064 T5121 T5122 nummod two,genes R3065 T5122 T5120 pobj genes,between R3066 T5123 T5122 prep with,genes R3067 T5124 T5125 det a,difference R3068 T5125 T5123 pobj difference,with R3069 T5126 T5125 amod ten-fold,difference R307 T284 T283 amod mammalian,genome R3070 T5127 T5125 prep in,difference R3071 T5128 T5127 pobj number,in R3072 T5129 T5128 prep of,number R3073 T5130 T5129 pobj cDNAs,of R3074 T5131 T5128 acl found,number R3075 T5132 T5122 punct (,genes R3076 T5133 T5134 compound genes,B R3077 T5134 T5122 appos B,genes R3078 T5135 T5134 cc and,B R3079 T5136 T5134 conj C,B R308 T285 T276 punct .,is R3080 T5137 T5138 punct """, "",Figure" R3081 T5138 T5122 parataxis Figure,genes R3082 T5139 T5138 nummod 3,Figure R3083 T5140 T5138 punct ),Figure R3084 T5141 T5082 punct .,observe R3085 T5143 T5144 compound Expression,levels R3086 T5144 T5145 nsubj levels,are R3087 T5145 T5146 ccomp are,find R3088 T5147 T5148 advmod mostly,consistent R3089 T5148 T5145 acomp consistent,are R309 T287 T288 amod Previous,analyses R3090 T5149 T5145 prep between,are R3091 T5150 T5151 amod different,mice R3092 T5151 T5149 pobj mice,between R3093 T5152 T5146 punct : ,find R3094 T5153 T5146 nsubj we,find R3095 T5154 T5155 amod similar,differences R3096 T5155 T5146 dobj differences,find R3097 T5156 T5157 compound expression,level R3098 T5157 T5155 compound level,differences R3099 T5158 T5157 punct -,level R31 T329 T314 punct """, "",screened" R310 T288 T290 nsubj analyses,identified R3100 T5159 T5155 prep between,differences R3101 T5160 T5161 amod olfactory,receptor R3102 T5161 T5162 compound receptor,genes R3103 T5162 T5159 pobj genes,between R3104 T5163 T5146 prep in,find R3105 T5164 T5165 det all,mice R3106 T5165 T5163 pobj mice,in R3107 T5166 T5165 nummod three,mice R3108 T5167 T5165 acl examined,mice R3109 T5168 T5169 punct (,is R311 T289 T288 amod computational,analyses R3110 T5169 T5146 parataxis is,find R3111 T5170 T5171 advmod that,is R3112 T5171 T5169 advmod is,is R3113 T5172 T5169 punct """, "",is" R3114 T5173 T5174 det the,order R3115 T5174 T5169 nsubj order,is R3116 T5175 T5174 compound rank,order R3117 T5176 T5174 prep of,order R3118 T5177 T5178 det the,genes R3119 T5178 T5176 pobj genes,of R312 T291 T290 aux have,identified R3120 T5179 T5178 nummod six,genes R3121 T5180 T5169 acomp similar,is R3122 T5181 T5169 prep among,is R3123 T5182 T5183 det the,mice R3124 T5183 T5181 pobj mice,among R3125 T5184 T5183 nummod three,mice R3126 T5185 T5169 punct ),is R3127 T5186 T5146 punct """, "",find" R3128 T5187 T5188 mark although,is R3129 T5188 T5146 advcl is,find R313 T292 T293 advmod "approximately,""1,500""" R3130 T5189 T5188 expl there,is R3131 T5190 T5188 attr variation,is R3132 T5191 T5190 prep in,variation R3133 T5192 T5193 compound expression,level R3134 T5193 T5191 pobj level,in R3135 T5194 T5193 prep of,level R3136 T5195 T5196 det some,genes R3137 T5196 T5194 pobj genes,of R3138 T5197 T5188 prep between,is R3139 T5198 T5197 pobj mice,between R314 T293 T294 nummod """1,500"",receptors" R3140 T5199 T5200 punct (,Figure R3141 T5200 T5188 parataxis Figure,is R3142 T5201 T5200 prep for,Figure R3143 T5202 T5201 pobj example,for R3144 T5203 T5200 punct """, "",Figure" R3145 T5204 T5205 compound gene,E R3146 T5205 T5200 dep E,Figure R3147 T5206 T5200 punct """, "",Figure" R3148 T5207 T5200 nummod 3,Figure R3149 T5208 T5200 punct ),Figure R315 T294 T290 dobj receptors,identified R3150 T5209 T5146 punct .,find R3151 T5211 T5212 advmod In,situ R3152 T5212 T5213 amod situ,hybridization R3153 T5213 T5214 nsubj hybridization,shows R3154 T5215 T5216 punct (,Figure R3155 T5216 T5213 parataxis Figure,hybridization R3156 T5217 T5216 nummod 4,Figure R3157 T5218 T5216 punct ),Figure R3158 T5219 T5220 mark that,account R3159 T5220 T5214 ccomp account,shows R316 T295 T294 nmod mouse,receptors R3160 T5221 T5222 amod increased,numbers R3161 T5222 T5220 nsubj numbers,account R3162 T5223 T5222 prep of,numbers R3163 T5224 T5225 amod expressing,cells R3164 T5225 T5223 pobj cells,of R3165 T5226 T5220 prep for,account R3166 T5227 T5226 pobj some,for R3167 T5228 T5227 punct """, "",some" R3168 T5229 T5227 cc but,some R3169 T5230 T5229 neg not,but R317 T296 T294 amod olfactory,receptors R3170 T5231 T5227 conj all,some R3171 T5232 T5227 punct """, "",some" R3172 T5233 T5227 prep of,some R3173 T5234 T5235 det the,difference R3174 T5235 T5233 pobj difference,of R3175 T5236 T5235 prep in,difference R3176 T5237 T5238 compound transcript,levels R3177 T5238 T5236 pobj levels,in R3178 T5239 T5235 prep between,difference R3179 T5240 T5239 pobj two,between R318 T297 T290 punct """, "",identified" R3180 T5241 T5240 prep of,two R3181 T5242 T5243 det the,genes R3182 T5243 T5241 pobj genes,of R3183 T5244 T5243 acl tested,genes R3184 T5245 T5244 prep by,tested R3185 T5246 T5247 amod real,time R3186 T5247 T5249 compound time,PCR R3187 T5248 T5247 punct -,time R3188 T5249 T5245 pobj PCR,by R3189 T5250 T5240 punct (,two R319 T298 T290 cc but,identified R3190 T5251 T5252 compound genes,A R3191 T5252 T5240 appos A,two R3192 T5253 T5252 cc and,A R3193 T5254 T5252 conj D,A R3194 T5255 T5252 prep in,A R3195 T5256 T5255 pobj Figure,in R3196 T5257 T5256 nummod 3,Figure R3197 T5258 T5220 punct ),account R3198 T5259 T5214 punct .,shows R3199 T5261 T5262 nsubj We,hybridized R32 T330 T314 advcl providing,screened R320 T299 T300 amod experimental,evidence R3200 T5263 T5264 amod alternate,sections R3201 T5264 T5262 dobj sections,hybridized R3202 T5265 T5264 amod coronal,sections R3203 T5266 T5264 amod serial,sections R3204 T5267 T5264 acl spanning,sections R3205 T5268 T5269 det an,epithelium R3206 T5269 T5267 dobj epithelium,spanning R3207 T5270 T5269 amod entire,epithelium R3208 T5271 T5269 amod olfactory,epithelium R3209 T5272 T5269 prep of,epithelium R321 T300 T301 nsubj evidence,is R3210 T5273 T5274 det a,mouse R3211 T5274 T5272 pobj mouse,of R3212 T5275 T5274 amod young,mouse R3213 T5276 T5277 punct (,P6 R3214 T5277 T5274 parataxis P6,mouse R3215 T5278 T5277 punct ),P6 R3216 T5279 T5262 prep with,hybridized R3217 T5280 T5279 pobj probes,with R3218 T5281 T5280 prep for,probes R3219 T5282 T5283 compound gene,A R3220 T5283 T5281 pobj A,for R3221 T5284 T5283 cc and,A R3222 T5285 T5286 compound gene,D R3223 T5286 T5283 conj D,A R3224 T5287 T5262 punct .,hybridized R3225 T5289 T5290 nmod Southern,blot R3226 T5290 T5291 nmod blot,analyses R3227 T5291 T5294 nsubj analyses,show R3228 T5292 T5290 cc and,blot R3229 T5293 T5290 conj BLAST,blot R3230 T5295 T5296 mark that,are R3231 T5296 T5294 ccomp are,show R3232 T5297 T5298 det both,probes R3233 T5298 T5296 nsubj probes,are R3234 T5299 T5296 acomp likely,are R3235 T5300 T5301 aux to,hybridize R3236 T5301 T5299 xcomp hybridize,likely R3237 T5302 T5301 prep to,hybridize R3238 T5303 T5304 poss their,genes R3239 T5304 T5302 pobj genes,to R3240 T5305 T5304 amod intended,genes R3241 T5306 T5304 compound target,genes R3242 T5307 T5304 cc and,genes R3243 T5308 T5309 det no,others R3244 T5309 T5304 conj others,genes R3245 T5310 T5311 punct (,shown R3246 T5311 T5296 parataxis shown,are R3247 T5312 T5311 neg not,shown R3248 T5313 T5311 punct ),shown R3249 T5314 T5294 punct .,show R3250 T5316 T5317 compound Gene,A R3251 T5317 T5318 nsubjpass A,expressed R3252 T5319 T5318 auxpass is,expressed R3253 T5320 T5318 prep in,expressed R3254 T5321 T5320 pobj zone,in R3255 T5322 T5321 nummod 4,zone R3256 T5323 T5321 prep of,zone R3257 T5324 T5325 det the,epithelium R3258 T5325 T5323 pobj epithelium,of R3259 T5326 T5318 prep according,expressed R326 T1203 T1204 det The,interaction R3260 T5327 T5326 prep to,according R3261 T5328 T5329 det the,nomenclature R3262 T5329 T5327 pobj nomenclature,to R3263 T5330 T5329 prep of,nomenclature R3264 T5331 T5330 pobj Sullivan,of R3265 T5332 T5333 advmod et,al. R3266 T5333 T5331 advmod al.,Sullivan R3267 T5334 T5335 punct [,32 R3268 T5335 T5329 parataxis 32,nomenclature R3269 T5336 T5335 punct ],32 R327 T1204 T1205 nsubj interaction,is R3270 T5337 T5338 punct (,Figure R3271 T5338 T5318 parataxis Figure,expressed R3272 T5339 T5338 nummod 4a,Figure R3273 T5340 T5338 punct ),Figure R3274 T5341 T5318 punct .,expressed R3275 T5343 T5344 det The,pattern R3276 T5344 T5346 nsubj pattern,correspond R3277 T5345 T5344 compound expression,pattern R3278 T5346 T5352 ccomp correspond,found R3279 T5347 T5344 prep of,pattern R328 T1206 T1204 prep of,interaction R3280 T5348 T5349 compound gene,D R3281 T5349 T5347 pobj D,of R3282 T5350 T5346 aux does,correspond R3283 T5351 T5346 neg not,correspond R3284 T5353 T5346 prep to,correspond R3285 T5354 T5353 pobj any,to R3286 T5355 T5354 prep of,any R3287 T5356 T5357 det the,zones R3288 T5357 T5355 pobj zones,of R3289 T5358 T5357 nummod four,zones R329 T1207 T1208 amod olfactory,receptors R3290 T5359 T5357 punct ',zones R3291 T5360 T5357 amod classical,zones R3292 T5361 T5357 punct ',zones R3293 T5362 T5357 amod olfactory,zones R3294 T5363 T5357 amod epithelial,zones R3295 T5364 T5365 punct [,32 R3296 T5365 T5346 parataxis 32,correspond R3297 T5366 T5365 nummod 14,32 R3298 T5367 T5365 punct ""","",32" R3299 T5368 T5365 nummod 15,32 R33 T331 T330 dobj evidence,providing R330 T1208 T1206 pobj receptors,of R3300 T5369 T5365 punct ""","",32" R3301 T5370 T5365 punct ],32 R3302 T5371 T5352 punct : ,found R3303 T5372 T5373 amod positive,cells R3304 T5373 T5352 nsubjpass cells,found R3305 T5374 T5352 auxpass are,found R3306 T5375 T5352 prep in,found R3307 T5376 T5375 pobj regions,in R3308 T5377 T5376 prep of,regions R3309 T5378 T5379 nmod endoturbinates,II R331 T1209 T1207 punct (,olfactory R3310 T5379 T5377 pobj II,of R3311 T5380 T5379 cc and,II R3312 T5381 T5379 conj III,II R3313 T5382 T5379 cc and,II R3314 T5383 T5379 conj ectoturbinate,II R3315 T5384 T5383 nummod 3,ectoturbinate R3316 T5385 T5352 punct """, "",found" R3317 T5386 T5352 advcl resembling,found R3318 T5387 T5388 det the,pattern R3319 T5388 T5386 dobj pattern,resembling R332 T1210 T1207 cc or,olfactory R3320 T5389 T5388 compound expression,pattern R3321 T5390 T5388 acl seen,pattern R3322 T5391 T5390 advmod previously,seen R3323 T5392 T5390 prep for,seen R3324 T5393 T5394 det the,subfamily R3325 T5394 T5392 pobj subfamily,for R3326 T5395 T5394 compound OR37,subfamily R3327 T5396 T5394 cc and,subfamily R3328 T5397 T5398 nmod ORZ6,receptors R3329 T5398 T5394 conj receptors,subfamily R333 T1211 T1207 conj odorant,olfactory R3330 T5399 T5398 amod olfactory,receptors R3331 T5400 T5401 punct [,34 R3332 T5401 T5352 parataxis 34,found R3333 T5402 T5401 nummod 33,34 R3334 T5403 T5401 punct ""","",34" R3335 T5404 T5401 punct ],34 R3336 T5405 T5406 punct (,Figure R3337 T5406 T5352 parataxis Figure,found R3338 T5407 T5406 nummod 4b,Figure R3339 T5408 T5406 punct ),Figure R334 T1212 T1208 punct ),receptors R3340 T5409 T5352 punct .,found R3341 T5411 T5412 advcl Counting,find R3342 T5413 T5414 det the,number R3343 T5414 T5411 dobj number,Counting R3344 T5415 T5414 amod total,number R3345 T5416 T5414 prep of,number R3346 T5417 T5418 amod positive,cells R3347 T5418 T5416 pobj cells,of R3348 T5419 T5411 prep in,Counting R3349 T5420 T5421 amod alternate,sections R335 T1213 T1204 prep with,interaction R3350 T5421 T5419 pobj sections,in R3351 T5422 T5421 prep across,sections R3352 T5423 T5424 det the,epithelium R3353 T5424 T5422 pobj epithelium,across R3354 T5425 T5424 amod entire,epithelium R3355 T5426 T5412 punct """, "",find" R3356 T5427 T5412 nsubj we,find R3357 T5428 T5429 mark that,expressed R3358 T5429 T5412 ccomp expressed,find R3359 T5430 T5431 compound gene,A R336 T1214 T1215 poss their,ligands R3360 T5431 T5429 nsubjpass A,expressed R3361 T5432 T5429 auxpass is,expressed R3362 T5433 T5429 prep in,expressed R3363 T5434 T5435 nummod """2,905"",cells" R3364 T5435 T5433 pobj cells,in R3365 T5436 T5429 punct """, "",expressed" R3366 T5437 T5438 advmod about,12 R3367 T5438 T5439 nummod 12,cells R3368 T5439 T5429 npadvmod cells,expressed R3369 T5440 T5438 quantmod times,12 R337 T1215 T1213 pobj ligands,with R3370 T5441 T5439 amod more,cells R3371 T5442 T5439 prep than,cells R3372 T5443 T5444 compound gene,D R3373 T5444 T5442 pobj D,than R3374 T5445 T5444 punct """, "",D" R3375 T5446 T5447 dep which,expressed R3376 T5447 T5444 relcl expressed,D R3377 T5448 T5447 auxpass is,expressed R3378 T5449 T5447 prep in,expressed R3379 T5450 T5451 det a,total R338 T1216 T1215 compound odorant,ligands R3380 T5451 T5449 pobj total,in R3381 T5452 T5451 prep of,total R3382 T5453 T5454 nummod 249,cells R3383 T5454 T5452 pobj cells,of R3384 T5455 T5412 punct .,find R3385 T5457 T5458 det This,difference R3386 T5458 T5460 nsubj difference,account R3387 T5459 T5458 amod 12-fold,difference R3388 T5461 T5458 prep in,difference R3389 T5462 T5461 pobj numbers,in R339 T1217 T1218 det the,step R3390 T5463 T5462 prep of,numbers R3391 T5464 T5465 amod expressing,cells R3392 T5465 T5463 pobj cells,of R3393 T5466 T5460 aux does,account R3394 T5467 T5460 neg not,account R3395 T5468 T5460 prep for,account R3396 T5469 T5470 det the,difference R3397 T5470 T5468 pobj difference,for R3398 T5471 T5472 advmod almost,300-fold R3399 T5472 T5470 nummod 300-fold,difference R34 T332 T331 prep of,evidence R340 T1218 T1205 attr step,is R3400 T5473 T5470 prep in,difference R3401 T5474 T5475 compound RNA,levels R3402 T5475 T5473 pobj levels,in R3403 T5476 T5470 acl observed,difference R3404 T5477 T5476 prep by,observed R3405 T5478 T5479 amod real,time R3406 T5479 T5481 compound time,PCR R3407 T5480 T5479 punct -,time R3408 T5481 T5477 pobj PCR,by R3409 T5482 T5460 punct """, "",account" R341 T1219 T1218 amod first,step R3410 T5483 T5460 advcl implying,account R3411 T5484 T5485 mark that,is R3412 T5485 T5483 ccomp is,implying R3413 T5486 T5487 det the,level R3414 T5487 T5485 nsubj level,is R3415 T5488 T5487 compound transcript,level R3416 T5489 T5487 prep per,level R3417 T5490 T5491 amod expressing,cell R3418 T5491 T5489 pobj cell,per R3419 T5492 T5487 prep for,level R342 T1220 T1218 prep in,step R3420 T5493 T5494 compound gene,A R3421 T5494 T5492 pobj A,for R3422 T5495 T5496 quantmod about,25 R3423 T5496 T5497 npadvmod 25,higher R3424 T5497 T5485 acomp higher,is R3425 T5498 T5496 quantmod times,25 R3426 T5499 T5497 prep than,higher R3427 T5500 T5501 compound transcript,level R3428 T5501 T5499 pobj level,than R3429 T5502 T5485 prep in,is R343 T1221 T1222 det a,pathway R3430 T5503 T5504 det each,cell R3431 T5504 T5502 pobj cell,in R3432 T5505 T5504 amod expressing,cell R3433 T5506 T5485 prep for,is R3434 T5507 T5508 compound gene,D R3435 T5508 T5506 pobj D,for R3436 T5509 T5460 punct .,account R3437 T5511 T5512 nsubj We,note R3438 T5513 T5514 mark that,appear R3439 T5514 T5512 ccomp appear,note R344 T1222 T1220 pobj pathway,in R3440 T5515 T5516 compound hybridization,intensities R3441 T5516 T5514 nsubj intensities,appear R3442 T5517 T5516 prep per,intensities R3443 T5518 T5519 amod positive,neuron R3444 T5519 T5517 pobj neuron,per R3445 T5520 T5514 oprd stronger,appear R3446 T5521 T5520 prep for,stronger R3447 T5522 T5523 compound gene,A R3448 T5523 T5521 pobj A,for R3449 T5524 T5520 prep than,stronger R345 T1223 T1224 compound signal,transduction R3450 T5525 T5526 compound gene,D R3451 T5526 T5524 pobj D,than R3452 T5527 T5514 prep after,appear R3453 T5528 T5529 amod comparable,times R3454 T5529 T5527 pobj times,after R3455 T5530 T5529 compound exposure,times R3456 T5531 T5514 punct """, "",appear" R3457 T5532 T5514 prep in,appear R3458 T5533 T5532 pobj accordance,in R3459 T5534 T5533 prep with,accordance R346 T1224 T1222 compound transduction,pathway R3460 T5535 T5536 det the,idea R3461 T5536 T5534 pobj idea,with R3462 T5537 T5538 mark that,are R3463 T5538 T5536 acl are,idea R3464 T5539 T5540 compound transcript,levels R3465 T5540 T5538 nsubj levels,are R3466 T5541 T5538 acomp higher,are R3467 T5542 T5538 prep per,are R3468 T5543 T5542 pobj cell,per R3469 T5544 T5512 punct .,note R347 T1225 T1226 dep that,results R3470 T5546 T5547 advmod Thus,suggest R3471 T5548 T5547 punct """, "",suggest" R3472 T5549 T5547 nsubj we,suggest R3473 T5550 T5551 mark that,account R3474 T5551 T5547 ccomp account,suggest R3475 T5552 T5551 nsubj expression,account R3476 T5553 T5552 prep in,expression R3477 T5554 T5555 amod more,cells R3478 T5555 T5553 pobj cells,in R3479 T5556 T5553 cc and,in R348 T1226 T1222 relcl results,pathway R3480 T5557 T5553 conj in,in R3481 T5558 T5559 amod higher,levels R3482 T5559 T5557 pobj levels,in R3483 T5560 T5559 prep per,levels R3484 T5561 T5560 pobj cell,per R3485 T5562 T5551 advmod together,account R3486 T5563 T5551 prep for,account R3487 T5564 T5565 det the,levels R3488 T5565 T5563 pobj levels,for R3489 T5566 T5567 advmod almost,300-fold R349 T1227 T1226 prep in,results R3490 T5567 T5568 amod 300-fold,higher R3491 T5568 T5565 amod higher,levels R3492 T5569 T5570 amod olfactory,RNA R3493 T5570 T5565 compound RNA,levels R3494 T5571 T5570 amod epithelial,RNA R3495 T5572 T5565 prep of,levels R3496 T5573 T5574 compound gene,A R3497 T5574 T5572 pobj A,of R3498 T5575 T5565 amod relative,levels R3499 T5576 T5575 prep to,relative R35 T333 T334 amod olfactory,function R350 T1228 T1229 det the,perception R3500 T5577 T5578 compound gene,D R3501 T5578 T5576 pobj D,to R3502 T5579 T5580 punct (,Figure R3503 T5580 T5551 parataxis Figure,account R3504 T5581 T5580 nummod 3,Figure R3505 T5582 T5580 punct ),Figure R3506 T5583 T5547 punct .,suggest R3508 T5714 T5715 advmod Most,genes R3509 T5715 T5718 nsubj genes,have R351 T1229 T1227 pobj perception,in R3510 T5716 T5717 amod olfactory,receptor R3511 T5717 T5715 compound receptor,genes R3512 T5719 T5720 amod several,isoforms R3513 T5720 T5718 dobj isoforms,have R3514 T5721 T5720 amod transcriptional,isoforms R3515 T5723 T5724 poss Our,collection R3516 T5724 T5726 nsubj collection,reveals R3517 T5725 T5724 compound cDNA,collection R3518 T5727 T5728 mark that,show R3519 T5728 T5726 ccomp show,reveals R352 T1230 T1229 prep of,perception R3520 T5729 T5730 advmod at,two R3521 T5730 T5728 nsubj two,show R3522 T5731 T5730 advmod least,two R3523 T5732 T5730 quantmod thirds,two R3524 T5733 T5730 prep of,two R3525 T5734 T5735 det the,receptors R3526 T5735 T5733 pobj receptors,of R3527 T5736 T5735 amod olfactory,receptors R3528 T5737 T5735 acl sampled,receptors R3529 T5738 T5739 amod alternative,splicing R353 T1231 T1230 pobj smell,of R3530 T5739 T5728 dobj splicing,show R3531 T5740 T5739 prep of,splicing R3532 T5741 T5742 poss their,exons R3533 T5742 T5740 pobj exons,of R3534 T5743 T5742 nummod 5,exons R3535 T5744 T5743 punct ',5 R3536 T5745 T5742 amod untranslated,exons R3537 T5746 T5726 punct .,reveals R3538 T5748 T5749 advcl Using,find R3539 T5750 T5751 det a,script R354 T1232 T1205 punct .,is R3540 T5751 T5748 dobj script,Using R3541 T5752 T5751 compound custom,script R3542 T5753 T5754 aux to,process R3543 T5754 T5748 advcl process,Using R3544 T5755 T5756 compound sim4,alignments R3545 T5756 T5754 dobj alignments,process R3546 T5757 T5756 prep of,alignments R3547 T5758 T5759 nmod cDNA,sequences R3548 T5759 T5757 pobj sequences,of R3549 T5760 T5758 cc and,cDNA R355 T1234 T1235 det The,family R3550 T5761 T5758 conj genomic,cDNA R3551 T5762 T5749 punct """, "",find" R3552 T5763 T5749 nsubj we,find R3553 T5764 T5765 quantmod two,eight R3554 T5765 T5767 nummod eight,forms R3555 T5766 T5765 quantmod to,eight R3556 T5767 T5749 dobj forms,find R3557 T5768 T5767 amod different,forms R3558 T5769 T5767 compound splice,forms R3559 T5770 T5749 prep for,find R356 T1235 T1239 nsubj family,is R3560 T5771 T5770 pobj 85,for R3561 T5772 T5771 punct (,85 R3562 T5773 T5774 nummod 45,% R3563 T5774 T5771 appos %,85 R3564 T5775 T5771 punct ),85 R3565 T5776 T5771 prep of,85 R3566 T5777 T5778 det the,genes R3567 T5778 T5776 pobj genes,of R3568 T5779 T5778 nummod 191,genes R3569 T5780 T5781 prep for,had R357 T1236 T1237 amod olfactory,receptor R3570 T5781 T5778 relcl had,genes R3571 T5782 T5780 pobj which,for R3572 T5783 T5781 nsubj we,had R3573 T5784 T5781 aux have,had R3574 T5785 T5786 det some,opportunity R3575 T5786 T5781 dobj opportunity,had R3576 T5787 T5788 aux to,observe R3577 T5788 T5786 acl observe,opportunity R3578 T5789 T5790 amod alternate,splicing R3579 T5790 T5788 dobj splicing,observe R358 T1237 T1238 compound receptor,gene R3580 T5791 T5792 punct (,minimum R3581 T5792 T5749 parataxis minimum,find R3582 T5793 T5794 advmod that,is R3583 T5794 T5792 advmod is,minimum R3584 T5795 T5792 punct """, "",minimum" R3585 T5796 T5792 det a,minimum R3586 T5797 T5792 prep of,minimum R3587 T5798 T5799 nummod two,cDNAs R3588 T5799 T5797 pobj cDNAs,of R3589 T5800 T5799 punct """, "",cDNAs" R359 T1238 T1235 compound gene,family R3590 T5801 T5802 advmod at,least R3591 T5802 T5803 advmod least,one R3592 T5803 T5804 dep one,spliced R3593 T5804 T5799 relcl spliced,cDNAs R3594 T5805 T5803 prep of,one R3595 T5806 T5805 pobj which,of R3596 T5807 T5804 auxpass is,spliced R3597 T5808 T5792 punct ),minimum R3598 T5809 T5792 punct """, "",minimum" R3599 T5810 T5792 cc and,minimum R36 T334 T332 pobj function,of R360 T1240 T1239 attr one,is R3600 T5811 T5792 conj 55,minimum R3601 T5812 T5813 punct (,% R3602 T5813 T5811 parataxis %,55 R3603 T5814 T5813 nummod 67,% R3604 T5815 T5813 punct ),% R3605 T5816 T5811 prep of,55 R3606 T5817 T5818 det the,genes R3607 T5818 T5816 pobj genes,of R3608 T5819 T5818 nummod 82,genes R3609 T5820 T5821 prep for,have R361 T1241 T1240 prep of,one R3610 T5821 T5818 relcl have,genes R3611 T5822 T5820 pobj which,for R3612 T5823 T5821 nsubj we,have R3613 T5824 T5825 nummod four,cDNAs R3614 T5825 T5821 dobj cDNAs,have R3615 T5826 T5824 cc or,four R3616 T5827 T5824 conj more,four R3617 T5828 T5825 punct (,cDNAs R3618 T5829 T5825 cc and,cDNAs R3619 T5830 T5831 advmod thus,chance R362 T1242 T1243 det the,largest R3620 T5831 T5825 conj chance,cDNAs R3621 T5832 T5831 det a,chance R3622 T5833 T5831 amod higher,chance R3623 T5834 T5831 prep of,chance R3624 T5835 T5834 pcomp observing,of R3625 T5836 T5837 det any,splicing R3626 T5837 T5835 dobj splicing,observing R3627 T5838 T5837 amod alternate,splicing R3628 T5839 T5811 punct ),55 R3629 T5840 T5841 punct (,Figure R363 T1243 T1241 pobj largest,of R3630 T5841 T5749 parataxis Figure,find R3631 T5842 T5841 nummod 5,Figure R3632 T5843 T5841 punct ),Figure R3633 T5844 T5749 punct .,find R3634 T5846 T5847 det These,events R3635 T5847 T5850 nsubjpass events,restricted R3636 T5848 T5847 amod alternative,events R3637 T5849 T5847 compound splice,events R3638 T5851 T5850 auxpass are,restricted R3639 T5852 T5853 advmod almost,all R364 T1244 T1243 prep in,largest R3640 T5853 T5850 advmod all,restricted R3641 T5854 T5850 prep to,restricted R3642 T5855 T5856 det the,UTR R3643 T5856 T5854 pobj UTR,to R3644 T5857 T5856 nummod 5,UTR R3645 T5858 T5857 punct ',5 R3646 T5859 T5850 cc and,restricted R3647 T5860 T5850 conj include,restricted R3648 T5861 T5862 compound exon,skipping R3649 T5862 T5860 dobj skipping,include R365 T1245 T1246 det the,genome R3650 T5863 T5862 cc and,skipping R3651 T5864 T5865 amod alternate,splice R3652 T5865 T5866 nmod splice,use R3653 T5866 T5862 conj use,skipping R3654 T5867 T5865 punct -,splice R3655 T5868 T5865 appos donor,splice R3656 T5869 T5868 cc and,donor R3657 T5870 T5871 punct -,acceptor R3658 T5871 T5868 conj acceptor,donor R3659 T5872 T5850 punct .,restricted R366 T1246 T1244 pobj genome,in R3660 T5874 T5875 advmod At,least R3661 T5875 T5876 advmod least,half R3662 T5876 T5877 nsubj half,utilize R3663 T5878 T5876 prep of,half R3664 T5879 T5880 det the,receptors R3665 T5880 T5878 pobj receptors,of R3666 T5881 T5880 amod olfactory,receptors R3667 T5882 T5880 acl represented,receptors R3668 T5883 T5882 prep in,represented R3669 T5884 T5885 poss our,collection R367 T1247 T1246 amod mammalian,genome R3670 T5885 T5883 pobj collection,in R3671 T5886 T5885 compound cDNA,collection R3672 T5887 T5888 amod more,one R3673 T5888 T5890 nummod one,site R3674 T5889 T5888 quantmod than,one R3675 T5890 T5877 dobj site,utilize R3676 T5891 T5890 compound polyadenylation,site R3677 T5892 T5877 punct """, "",utilize" R3678 T5893 T5877 advcl resulting,utilize R3679 T5894 T5893 prep in,resulting R368 T1248 T1239 punct """, "",is" R3680 T5895 T5896 amod alternative,isoforms R3681 T5896 T5894 pobj isoforms,in R3682 T5897 T5898 nummod 3,UTR R3683 T5898 T5896 compound UTR,isoforms R3684 T5899 T5897 punct ',3 R3685 T5900 T5877 punct .,utilize R3686 T5902 T5903 nsubj We,estimated R3687 T5904 T5903 aux have,estimated R3688 T5905 T5903 advmod crudely,estimated R3689 T5906 T5907 nummod 3,UTR R369 T1249 T1239 advcl comprising,is R3690 T5907 T5909 compound UTR,size R3691 T5908 T5907 punct ',UTR R3692 T5909 T5903 dobj size,estimated R3693 T5910 T5903 prep for,estimated R3694 T5911 T5912 nummod """1,169"",clones" R3695 T5912 T5910 pobj clones,for R3696 T5913 T5912 compound cDNA,clones R3697 T5914 T5903 prep by,estimated R3698 T5915 T5914 pcomp combining,by R3699 T5916 T5917 amod approximate,size R37 T335 T331 prep for,evidence R370 T1250 T1251 quantmod "about,""1,500""" R3700 T5917 T5919 compound size,information R3701 T5918 T5917 compound insert,size R3702 T5919 T5915 dobj information,combining R3703 T5920 T5915 prep with,combining R3704 T5921 T5922 nummod 5,sequence R3705 T5922 T5924 compound sequence,data R3706 T5923 T5921 punct ',5 R3707 T5924 T5920 pobj data,with R3708 T5925 T5903 punct .,estimated R3709 T5927 T5928 amod More,one R371 T1251 T1252 nummod """1,500"",members" R3710 T5928 T5930 nummod one,isoform R3711 T5929 T5928 quantmod than,one R3712 T5930 T5934 nsubjpass isoform,predicted R3713 T5931 T5932 nummod 3,UTR R3714 T5932 T5930 compound UTR,isoform R3715 T5933 T5931 punct ',3 R3716 T5935 T5934 auxpass is,predicted R3717 T5936 T5934 prep for,predicted R3718 T5937 T5938 quantmod 43,77 R3719 T5938 T5941 nummod 77,genes R372 T1252 T1249 dobj members,comprising R3720 T5939 T5938 quantmod of,77 R3721 T5940 T5938 quantmod the,77 R3722 T5941 T5936 pobj genes,for R3723 T5942 T5943 punct (,% R3724 T5943 T5938 parataxis %,77 R3725 T5944 T5943 nummod 56,% R3726 T5945 T5943 punct ),% R3727 T5946 T5947 prep for,are R3728 T5947 T5941 relcl are,genes R3729 T5948 T5946 pobj which,for R373 T1253 T1249 prep in,comprising R3730 T5949 T5947 expl there,are R3731 T5950 T5951 advmod at,four R3732 T5951 T5953 nummod four,cDNAs R3733 T5952 T5951 advmod least,four R3734 T5953 T5947 attr cDNAs,are R3735 T5954 T5953 prep with,cDNAs R3736 T5955 T5956 nummod 3,UTR R3737 T5956 T5958 compound UTR,size R3738 T5957 T5955 punct ',3 R3739 T5958 T5959 compound size,information R374 T1254 T1255 det the,genome R3740 T5959 T5954 pobj information,with R3741 T5960 T5934 punct .,predicted R3742 T5962 T5963 nsubj We,confirmed R3743 T5964 T5965 det the,isoforms R3744 T5965 T5963 dobj isoforms,confirmed R3745 T5966 T5967 amod alternative,polyadenylation R3746 T5967 T5965 compound polyadenylation,isoforms R3747 T5968 T5965 prep of,isoforms R3748 T5969 T5970 quantmod four,five R3749 T5970 T5973 nummod five,genes R375 T1255 T1253 pobj genome,in R3750 T5971 T5970 quantmod out,five R3751 T5972 T5970 quantmod of,five R3752 T5973 T5968 pobj genes,of R3753 T5974 T5973 amod selected,genes R3754 T5975 T5963 prep by,confirmed R3755 T5976 T5975 pcomp sequencing,by R3756 T5977 T5978 det the,end R3757 T5978 T5976 dobj end,sequencing R3758 T5979 T5978 nummod 3,end R3759 T5980 T5979 punct ',3 R376 T1256 T1255 compound mouse,genome R3760 T5981 T5978 prep of,end R3761 T5982 T5983 nummod 14,clones R3762 T5983 T5981 pobj clones,of R3763 T5984 T5983 compound cDNA,clones R3764 T5985 T5963 punct .,confirmed R3765 T5987 T5988 det These,sequences R3766 T5988 T5990 nsubj sequences,revealed R3767 T5989 T5988 nummod 14,sequences R3768 T5991 T5990 advmod also,revealed R3769 T5992 T5993 nummod one,cDNA R377 T1257 T1258 punct [,2 R3770 T5993 T5990 dobj cDNA,revealed R3771 T5994 T5995 advmod where,added R3772 T5995 T5993 relcl added,cDNA R3773 T5996 T5997 det the,tail R3774 T5997 T5995 nsubjpass tail,added R3775 T5998 T5997 nmod poly,tail R3776 T5999 T6000 punct (,A R3777 T6000 T5997 parataxis A,tail R3778 T6001 T6000 punct ),A R3779 T6002 T5995 auxpass was,added R378 T1258 T1239 parataxis 2,is R3780 T6003 T6004 nummod 27,bp R3781 T6004 T6005 npadvmod bp,before R3782 T6005 T5995 prep before,added R3783 T6006 T6007 det the,codon R3784 T6007 T6005 pobj codon,before R3785 T6008 T6007 compound stop,codon R3786 T6009 T5993 punct """, "",cDNA" R3787 T6010 T5993 cc and,cDNA R3788 T6011 T5993 conj another,cDNA R3789 T6012 T6013 advmod where,spliced R379 T1259 T1258 nummod 1,2 R3790 T6013 T6011 relcl spliced,another R3791 T6014 T6015 det an,intron R3792 T6015 T6013 nsubjpass intron,spliced R3793 T6016 T6013 auxpass was,spliced R3794 T6017 T6013 prep out,spliced R3795 T6018 T6017 prep of,out R3796 T6019 T6020 det the,UTR R3797 T6020 T6018 pobj UTR,of R3798 T6021 T6020 nummod 3,UTR R3799 T6022 T6021 punct ',3 R38 T336 T337 amod many,receptors R380 T1260 T1258 punct ""","",2" R3800 T6023 T5990 punct """, "",revealed" R3801 T6024 T5990 advcl contrary,revealed R3802 T6025 T6024 prep to,contrary R3803 T6026 T6027 det the,stereotype R3804 T6027 T6025 pobj stereotype,to R3805 T6028 T6027 amod conventional,stereotype R3806 T6029 T6027 prep of,stereotype R3807 T6030 T6031 amod olfactory,receptor R3808 T6031 T6032 compound receptor,gene R3809 T6032 T6033 compound gene,structure R381 T1261 T1258 punct ],2 R3810 T6033 T6029 pobj structure,of R3811 T6034 T5990 punct .,revealed R382 T1262 T1239 punct .,is R3822 T6417 T6418 det A,subset R3823 T6418 T6419 nsubj subset,shows R3824 T6420 T6418 prep of,subset R3825 T6421 T6422 amod olfactory,receptors R3826 T6422 T6420 pobj receptors,of R3827 T6423 T6424 amod unusual,splicing R3828 T6424 T6419 dobj splicing,shows R3829 T6426 T6427 nsubj We,identified R383 T1264 T1265 amod Olfactory,receptors R3830 T6428 T6429 nummod 62,cDNAs R3831 T6429 T6427 dobj cDNAs,identified R3832 T6430 T6431 punct (,% R3833 T6431 T6429 parataxis %,cDNAs R3834 T6432 T6431 nummod 5,% R3835 T6433 T6431 prep of,% R3836 T6434 T6435 det all,clones R3837 T6435 T6433 pobj clones,of R3838 T6436 T6437 amod olfactory,receptor R3839 T6437 T6435 compound receptor,clones R384 T1265 T1266 nsubjpass receptors,identified R3840 T6438 T6431 punct ),% R3841 T6439 T6427 prep from,identified R3842 T6440 T6441 nummod 38,receptors R3843 T6441 T6439 pobj receptors,from R3844 T6442 T6441 amod intact,receptors R3845 T6443 T6441 amod olfactory,receptors R3846 T6444 T6441 cc and,receptors R3847 T6445 T6446 nummod one,pseudogene R3848 T6446 T6441 conj pseudogene,receptors R3849 T6447 T6448 amod olfactory,receptor R385 T1267 T1266 auxpass were,identified R3850 T6448 T6446 compound receptor,pseudogene R3851 T6449 T6450 advmod where,used R3852 T6450 T6446 relcl used,pseudogene R3853 T6451 T6452 det a,site R3854 T6452 T6450 nsubjpass site,used R3855 T6453 T6452 compound splice,site R3856 T6454 T6452 prep within,site R3857 T6455 T6456 det the,region R3858 T6456 T6454 pobj region,within R3859 T6457 T6458 npadvmod protein,coding R386 T1268 T1266 advmod originally,identified R3860 T6458 T6456 amod coding,region R3861 T6459 T6458 punct -,coding R3862 T6460 T6450 auxpass is,used R3863 T6461 T6427 punct .,identified R3864 T6463 T6464 prep For,appears R3865 T6465 T6466 nummod two,genes R3866 T6466 T6463 pobj genes,For R3867 T6467 T6468 punct (,Figure R3868 T6468 T6466 parataxis Figure,genes R3869 T6469 T6470 amod top,cDNAs R387 T1269 T1266 prep in,identified R3870 T6470 T6468 dep cDNAs,Figure R3871 T6471 T6470 nummod two,cDNAs R3872 T6472 T6468 punct """, "",Figure" R3873 T6473 T6468 nummod 6,Figure R3874 T6474 T6468 punct ),Figure R3875 T6475 T6464 punct """, "",appears" R3876 T6476 T6477 det the,protein R3877 T6477 T6464 nsubj protein,appears R3878 T6478 T6477 amod predicted,protein R3879 T6479 T6480 aux to,be R388 T1270 T1271 det an,experiment R3880 T6480 T6464 xcomp be,appears R3881 T6481 T6482 det an,receptor R3882 T6482 T6480 attr receptor,be R3883 T6483 T6482 amod intact,receptor R3884 T6484 T6482 amod olfactory,receptor R3885 T6485 T6482 prep with,receptor R3886 T6486 T6487 nummod three,acids R3887 T6487 T6485 pobj acids,with R3888 T6488 T6486 cc or,three R3889 T6489 T6486 conj ten,three R389 T1271 T1269 pobj experiment,in R3890 T6490 T6487 compound amino,acids R3891 T6491 T6487 punct """, "",acids" R3892 T6492 T6487 prep including,acids R3893 T6493 T6494 det the,methionine R3894 T6494 T6492 pobj methionine,including R3895 T6495 T6494 amod initiating,methionine R3896 T6496 T6487 punct """, "",acids" R3897 T6497 T6487 acl contributed,acids R3898 T6498 T6497 agent by,contributed R3899 T6499 T6500 det an,exon R39 T337 T335 pobj receptors,for R390 T1272 T1271 amod elegant,experiment R3900 T6500 T6498 pobj exon,by R3901 T6501 T6500 amod upstream,exon R3902 T6502 T6464 punct .,appears R3903 T6504 T6505 det A,structure R3904 T6505 T6508 nsubjpass structure,described R3905 T6506 T6505 amod similar,structure R3906 T6507 T6505 compound gene,structure R3907 T6509 T6508 auxpass was,described R3908 T6510 T6508 advmod previously,described R3909 T6511 T6508 prep for,described R391 T1273 T1271 prep based,experiment R3910 T6512 T6513 det a,receptor R3911 T6513 T6511 pobj receptor,for R3912 T6514 T6513 amod human,receptor R3913 T6515 T6513 amod olfactory,receptor R3914 T6516 T6517 punct [,25 R3915 T6517 T6508 parataxis 25,described R3916 T6518 T6517 punct ],25 R3917 T6519 T6508 punct .,described R3918 T6521 T6522 nsubj One,has R3919 T6523 T6521 prep of,One R392 T1274 T1273 prep on,based R3920 T6524 T6525 det these,genes R3921 T6525 T6523 pobj genes,of R3922 T6526 T6525 nummod two,genes R3923 T6527 T6525 compound mouse,genes R3924 T6528 T6529 det no,codon R3925 T6529 T6522 dobj codon,has R3926 T6530 T6529 compound start,codon R3927 T6531 T6529 prep in,codon R3928 T6532 T6533 poss its,exon R3929 T6533 T6531 pobj exon,in R393 T1275 T1276 det the,hypothesis R3930 T6534 T6535 advmod otherwise,intact R3931 T6535 T6533 amod intact,exon R3932 T6536 T6533 amod main,exon R3933 T6537 T6533 amod coding,exon R3934 T6538 T6522 punct .,has R3935 T6540 T6541 det The,splicing R3936 T6541 T6543 nsubj splicing,rescues R3937 T6542 T6541 amod unusual,splicing R3938 T6544 T6543 advmod thus,rescues R3939 T6545 T6546 dep what,be R394 T1276 T1274 pobj hypothesis,on R3940 T6546 T6543 ccomp be,rescues R3941 T6547 T6546 aux would,be R3942 T6548 T6546 advmod otherwise,be R3943 T6549 T6550 det a,gene R3944 T6550 T6546 attr gene,be R3945 T6551 T6550 amod dysfunctional,gene R3946 T6552 T6543 punct .,rescues R3947 T6554 T6555 prep In,encode R3948 T6556 T6557 amod most,cases R3949 T6557 T6554 pobj cases,In R395 T1277 T1278 mark that,be R3950 T6558 T6557 punct (,cases R3951 T6559 T6560 quantmod 60,62 R3952 T6560 T6563 nummod 62,cDNAs R3953 T6561 T6560 quantmod out,62 R3954 T6562 T6560 quantmod of,62 R3955 T6563 T6557 appos cDNAs,cases R3956 T6564 T6557 punct ),cases R3957 T6565 T6555 punct """, "",encode" R3958 T6566 T6567 det the,transcript R3959 T6567 T6569 nsubj transcript,appears R396 T1278 T1276 acl be,hypothesis R3960 T6568 T6567 amod unusual,transcript R3961 T6569 T6555 ccomp appears,encode R3962 T6570 T6571 aux to,be R3963 T6571 T6569 xcomp be,appears R3964 T6572 T6573 det an,form R3965 T6573 T6571 attr form,be R3966 T6574 T6573 amod aberrant,form R3967 T6575 T6573 compound splice,form R3968 T6576 T6555 punct -,encode R3969 T6577 T6578 det the,transcript R397 T1279 T1278 nsubj they,be R3970 T6578 T6555 nsubj transcript,encode R3971 T6579 T6555 aux would,encode R3972 T6580 T6555 advmod probably,encode R3973 T6581 T6555 neg not,encode R3974 T6582 T6583 det a,protein R3975 T6583 T6555 dobj protein,encode R3976 T6584 T6583 amod functional,protein R3977 T6585 T6586 mark because,introduces R3978 T6586 T6555 advcl introduces,encode R3979 T6587 T6588 det the,splice R398 T1280 T1278 aux would,be R3980 T6588 T6586 nsubj splice,introduces R3981 T6589 T6590 det a,frameshift R3982 T6590 T6586 dobj frameshift,introduces R3983 T6591 T6586 cc or,introduces R3984 T6592 T6586 conj removes,introduces R3985 T6593 T6594 amod conserved,residues R3986 T6594 T6592 dobj residues,removes R3987 T6595 T6594 amod functional,residues R3988 T6596 T6597 punct (,Figure R3989 T6597 T6555 parataxis Figure,encode R399 T1281 T1282 nummod seven,transmembrane R3990 T6598 T6597 nummod 6,Figure R3991 T6599 T6597 punct ),Figure R3992 T6600 T6555 punct .,encode R3993 T6602 T6603 prep For,is R3994 T6604 T6605 nummod two,clones R3995 T6605 T6602 pobj clones,For R3996 T6606 T6607 punct (,Figure R3997 T6607 T6605 parataxis Figure,clones R3998 T6608 T6609 amod bottom,cDNAs R3999 T6609 T6607 dep cDNAs,Figure R40 T338 T337 amod additional,receptors R400 T1282 T1284 compound transmembrane,domain R4000 T6610 T6609 nummod two,cDNAs R4001 T6611 T6607 punct """, "",Figure" R4002 T6612 T6607 nummod 6,Figure R4003 T6613 T6607 punct ),Figure R4004 T6614 T6603 punct """, "",is" R4005 T6615 T6616 compound exon,order R4006 T6616 T6603 nsubj order,is R4007 T6617 T6616 prep in,order R4008 T6618 T6619 det the,clone R4009 T6619 T6617 pobj clone,in R401 T1283 T1282 punct -,transmembrane R4010 T6620 T6619 compound cDNA,clone R4011 T6621 T6603 acomp inconsistent,is R4012 T6622 T6621 prep with,inconsistent R4013 T6623 T6624 det the,sequence R4014 T6624 T6622 pobj sequence,with R4015 T6625 T6624 amod corresponding,sequence R4016 T6626 T6624 amod genomic,sequence R4017 T6627 T6603 punct .,is R4018 T6629 T6630 nsubj It,is R4019 T6630 T6631 ccomp is,suggest R402 T1284 T1286 compound domain,proteins R4020 T6632 T6630 acomp difficult,is R4021 T6633 T6634 aux to,imagine R4022 T6634 T6630 xcomp imagine,is R4023 T6635 T6636 det what,kind R4024 T6636 T6637 dep kind,resulted R4025 T6637 T6634 ccomp resulted,imagine R4026 T6638 T6636 prep of,kind R4027 T6639 T6640 amod cloning,artefact R4028 T6640 T6638 pobj artefact,of R4029 T6641 T6637 prep in,resulted R403 T1285 T1284 punct -,domain R4030 T6642 T6643 det these,cDNAs R4031 T6643 T6641 pobj cDNAs,in R4032 T6644 T6645 advmod severely,scrambled R4033 T6645 T6643 amod scrambled,cDNAs R4034 T6646 T6631 punct : ,suggest R4035 T6647 T6631 nsubj we,suggest R4036 T6648 T6649 mark that,derive R4037 T6649 T6631 ccomp derive,suggest R4038 T6650 T6649 nsubj they,derive R4039 T6651 T6649 prep from,derive R404 T1286 T1278 attr proteins,be R4040 T6652 T6653 amod real,transcripts R4041 T6653 T6651 pobj transcripts,from R4042 T6654 T6652 cc but,real R4043 T6655 T6652 conj rare,real R4044 T6656 T6631 punct .,suggest R4045 T6658 T6659 advmod However,suggests R4046 T6660 T6659 punct """, "",suggests" R4047 T6661 T6662 poss their,frequency R4048 T6662 T6659 nsubj frequency,suggests R4049 T6663 T6662 amod low,frequency R405 T1287 T1286 acl encoded,proteins R4050 T6664 T6662 prep in,frequency R4051 T6665 T6666 poss our,collection R4052 T6666 T6664 pobj collection,in R4053 T6667 T6666 compound cDNA,collection R4054 T6668 T6669 mark that,contribute R4055 T6669 T6659 ccomp contribute,suggests R4056 T6670 T6669 nsubj splicing,contribute R4057 T6671 T6670 amod contrary,splicing R4058 T6672 T6671 prep to,contrary R4059 T6673 T6674 amod genomic,organization R406 T1288 T1287 agent by,encoded R4060 T6674 T6672 pobj organization,to R4061 T6675 T6669 aux does,contribute R4062 T6676 T6669 neg not,contribute R4063 T6677 T6669 advmod significantly,contribute R4064 T6678 T6669 prep to,contribute R4065 T6679 T6680 det the,repertoire R4066 T6680 T6678 pobj repertoire,to R4067 T6681 T6682 amod olfactory,receptor R4068 T6682 T6680 compound receptor,repertoire R4069 T6683 T6680 compound transcript,repertoire R407 T1289 T1290 det a,family R4070 T6684 T6659 punct .,suggests R4071 T6686 T6687 prep For,observe R4072 T6688 T6689 quantmod 21,26 R4073 T6689 T6692 nummod 26,genes R4074 T6690 T6689 quantmod of,26 R4075 T6691 T6689 quantmod the,26 R4076 T6692 T6686 pobj genes,For R4077 T6693 T6694 prep for,found R4078 T6694 T6692 relcl found,genes R4079 T6695 T6693 pobj which,for R408 T1290 T1288 pobj family,by R4080 T6696 T6697 advmod unusually,spliced R4081 T6697 T6698 amod spliced,cDNAs R4082 T6698 T6694 nsubjpass cDNAs,found R4083 T6699 T6694 auxpass were,found R4084 T6700 T6687 punct """, "",observe" R4085 T6701 T6687 nsubj we,observe R4086 T6702 T6687 advmod also,observe R4087 T6703 T6704 det an,isoform R4088 T6704 T6687 dobj isoform,observe R4089 T6705 T6704 amod alternative,isoform R409 T1291 T1290 amod large,family R4090 T6706 T6704 punct (,isoform R4091 T6707 T6704 punct ',isoform R4092 T6708 T6704 amod normal,isoform R4093 T6709 T6704 punct ',isoform R4094 T6710 T6704 punct ),isoform R4095 T6711 T6712 dep that,use R4096 T6712 T6704 relcl use,isoform R4097 T6713 T6712 aux does,use R4098 T6714 T6712 neg not,use R4099 T6715 T6716 compound splice,sites R41 T339 T337 amod olfactory,receptors R410 T1292 T1290 punct """, "",family" R4100 T6716 T6712 dobj sites,use R4101 T6717 T6716 prep within,sites R4102 T6718 T6719 det the,region R4103 T6719 T6717 pobj region,within R4104 T6720 T6719 amod coding,region R4105 T6721 T6687 punct .,observe R4106 T6723 T6724 punct (,identified R4107 T6725 T6724 prep For,identified R4108 T6726 T6727 det the,13 R4109 T6727 T6725 pobj 13,For R411 T1293 T1290 amod diverse,family R4110 T6728 T6727 amod remaining,13 R4111 T6729 T6727 prep of,13 R4112 T6730 T6731 det the,genes R4113 T6731 T6729 pobj genes,of R4114 T6732 T6731 nummod 3,genes R4115 T6733 T6732 punct ',3 R4116 T6734 T6731 acl showing,genes R4117 T6735 T6736 amod odd,splicing R4118 T6736 T6734 dobj splicing,showing R4119 T6737 T6724 punct """, "",identified" R412 T1294 T1290 compound gene,family R4120 T6738 T6724 nsubj we,identified R4121 T6739 T6724 aux have,identified R4122 T6740 T6741 advmod only,cDNA R4123 T6741 T6724 dobj cDNA,identified R4124 T6742 T6741 nummod one,cDNA R4125 T6743 T6724 cc so,identified R4126 T6744 T6745 aux have,determined R4127 T6745 T6724 conj determined,identified R4128 T6746 T6745 neg not,determined R4129 T6747 T6748 mark whether,are R413 T1295 T1296 poss whose,expression R4130 T6748 T6745 ccomp are,determined R4131 T6749 T6750 amod normal,isoforms R4132 T6750 T6748 nsubj isoforms,are R4133 T6751 T6748 acomp present,are R4134 T6752 T6724 punct .,identified R4135 T6753 T6724 punct ),identified R4136 T6755 T6756 nsubjpass We,intrigued R4137 T6757 T6756 auxpass were,intrigued R4138 T6758 T6759 preconj both,by R4139 T6759 T6756 prep by,intrigued R414 T1296 T1297 dep expression,restricted R4140 T6760 T6761 amod previous,reports R4141 T6761 T6759 pobj reports,by R4142 T6762 T6761 prep of,reports R4143 T6763 T6762 pobj splicing,of R4144 T6764 T6763 prep of,splicing R4145 T6765 T6766 amod human,receptors R4146 T6766 T6764 pobj receptors,of R4147 T6767 T6766 amod olfactory,receptors R4148 T6768 T6763 prep near,splicing R4149 T6769 T6770 det the,complex R415 T1297 T1290 relcl restricted,family R4150 T6770 T6773 nmod complex,cluster R4151 T6771 T6770 amod major,complex R4152 T6772 T6770 nmod histocompatibility,complex R4153 T6773 T6768 pobj cluster,near R4154 T6774 T6770 punct (,complex R4155 T6775 T6770 appos MHC,complex R4156 T6776 T6773 punct ),cluster R4157 T6777 T6773 punct """, "",cluster" R4158 T6778 T6779 advmod where,splice R4159 T6779 T6773 relcl splice,cluster R416 T1298 T1297 auxpass is,restricted R4160 T6780 T6781 amod several,genes R4161 T6781 T6779 nsubj genes,splice R4162 T6782 T6779 prep over,splice R4163 T6783 T6784 amod long,distances R4164 T6784 T6782 pobj distances,over R4165 T6785 T6779 prep to,splice R4166 T6786 T6787 det a,exon R4167 T6787 T6785 pobj exon,to R4168 T6788 T6787 amod common,exon R4169 T6789 T6787 amod upstream,exon R417 T1299 T1297 prep to,restricted R4170 T6790 T6791 punct [,27 R4171 T6791 T6773 parataxis 27,cluster R4172 T6792 T6791 nummod 26,27 R4173 T6793 T6791 punct ""","",27" R4174 T6794 T6791 punct ],27 R4175 T6795 T6759 cc and,by R4176 T6796 T6759 conj by,by R4177 T6797 T6798 det the,idea R4178 T6798 T6796 pobj idea,by R4179 T6799 T6800 mark that,achieved R418 T1300 T1301 det the,epithelium R4180 T6800 T6798 acl achieved,idea R4181 T6801 T6802 amod olfactory,receptor R4182 T6802 T6803 nmod receptor,control R4183 T6803 T6800 nsubjpass control,achieved R4184 T6804 T6803 amod transcriptional,control R4185 T6805 T6800 aux could,achieved R4186 T6806 T6800 auxpass be,achieved R4187 T6807 T6800 prep by,achieved R4188 T6808 T6809 compound DNA,mechanisms R4189 T6809 T6807 pobj mechanisms,by R419 T1301 T1299 pobj epithelium,to R4190 T6810 T6809 compound recombination,mechanisms R4191 T6811 T6800 punct """, "",achieved" R4192 T6812 T6813 advmod perhaps,with R4193 T6813 T6800 prep with,achieved R4194 T6814 T6815 det the,result R4195 T6815 T6813 pobj result,with R4196 T6816 T6817 mark that,contain R4197 T6817 T6815 acl contain,result R4198 T6818 T6817 nsubj transcripts,contain R4199 T6819 T6817 aux would,contain R42 T340 T330 punct """, "",providing" R420 T1302 T1301 amod olfactory,epithelium R4200 T6820 T6821 det some,sequence R4201 T6821 T6817 dobj sequence,contain R4202 T6822 T6821 prep from,sequence R4203 T6823 T6824 det another,locus R4204 T6824 T6822 pobj locus,from R4205 T6825 T6756 punct .,intrigued R4206 T6827 T6828 nsubj We,verified R4207 T6829 T6828 advmod therefore,verified R4208 T6830 T6831 mark that,matches R4209 T6831 T6828 ccomp matches,verified R421 T1303 T1304 punct [,3 R4210 T6832 T6833 det the,sequence R4211 T6833 T6831 nsubj sequence,matches R4212 T6834 T6833 amod entire,sequence R4213 T6835 T6833 prep of,sequence R4214 T6836 T6837 det each,EST R4215 T6837 T6835 pobj EST,of R4216 T6838 T6839 amod olfactory,receptor R4217 T6839 T6837 compound receptor,EST R4218 T6840 T6841 det the,gene R4219 T6841 T6843 poss gene,territory R422 T1304 T1266 parataxis 3,identified R4220 T6842 T6841 amod corresponding,gene R4221 T6843 T6831 dobj territory,matches R4222 T6844 T6841 case 's,gene R4223 T6845 T6843 amod genomic,territory R4224 T6846 T6843 punct ',territory R4225 T6847 T6843 punct ',territory R4226 T6848 T6843 punct (,territory R4227 T6849 T6843 acl defined,territory R4228 T6850 T6849 prep for,defined R4229 T6851 T6852 det this,purpose R423 T1305 T1304 punct ],3 R4230 T6852 T6850 pobj purpose,for R4231 T6853 T6849 prep as,defined R4232 T6854 T6853 prep from,as R4233 T6855 T6856 nummod 1,kb R4234 T6856 T6857 npadvmod kb,after R4235 T6857 T6854 prep after,from R4236 T6858 T6859 det the,gene R4237 T6859 T6857 pobj gene,after R4238 T6860 T6859 amod preceding,gene R4239 T6861 T6854 prep to,from R424 T1306 T1266 punct .,identified R4240 T6862 T6863 nummod 1,kb R4241 T6863 T6864 npadvmod kb,after R4242 T6864 T6861 prep after,to R4243 T6865 T6866 det the,gene R4244 T6866 T6867 poss gene,codon R4245 T6867 T6864 pobj codon,after R4246 T6868 T6866 case 's,gene R4247 T6869 T6867 compound stop,codon R4248 T6870 T6828 punct ),verified R4249 T6871 T6828 punct .,verified R425 T1308 T1309 amod Subsequent,studies R4250 T6873 T6874 nsubj We,found R4251 T6875 T6876 det no,cDNAs R4252 T6876 T6874 dobj cDNAs,found R4253 T6877 T6878 advmod where,encompassed R4254 T6878 T6876 relcl encompassed,cDNAs R4255 T6879 T6878 nsubj introns,encompassed R4256 T6880 T6881 amod other,genes R4257 T6881 T6878 dobj genes,encompassed R4258 T6882 T6883 amod olfactory,receptor R4259 T6883 T6881 compound receptor,genes R426 T1309 T1310 nsubj studies,shown R4260 T6884 T6878 punct """, "",encompassed" R4261 T6885 T6886 mark as,reported R4262 T6886 T6878 advcl reported,encompassed R4263 T6887 T6886 prep for,reported R4264 T6888 T6889 amod olfactory,receptors R4265 T6889 T6887 pobj receptors,for R4266 T6890 T6889 prep in,receptors R4267 T6891 T6892 det the,region R4268 T6892 T6890 pobj region,in R4269 T6893 T6894 amod human,MHC R427 T1311 T1310 aux have,shown R4270 T6894 T6892 compound MHC,region R4271 T6895 T6896 punct [,27 R4272 T6896 T6886 parataxis 27,reported R4273 T6897 T6896 nummod 26,27 R4274 T6898 T6896 punct ""","",27" R4275 T6899 T6896 punct ],27 R4276 T6900 T6874 punct .,found R4277 T6902 T6903 nummod Six,cDNAs R4278 T6903 T6904 nsubj cDNAs,extend R4279 T6905 T6904 aux do,extend R428 T1312 T1313 mark that,respond R4280 T6906 T6904 advmod further,extend R4281 T6907 T6906 prep than,further R4282 T6908 T6909 det a,gene R4283 T6909 T6911 poss gene,territory R4284 T6910 T6909 amod single,gene R4285 T6911 T6907 pobj territory,than R4286 T6912 T6909 case 's,gene R4287 T6913 T6911 punct ',territory R4288 T6914 T6904 punct ',extend R4289 T6915 T6904 cc and,extend R429 T1313 T1310 ccomp respond,shown R4290 T6916 T6904 conj appear,extend R4291 T6917 T6918 neg not,be R4292 T6918 T6916 xcomp be,appear R4293 T6919 T6918 aux to,be R4294 T6920 T6918 attr artifacts,be R4295 T6921 T6920 prep of,artifacts R4296 T6922 T6923 det the,process R4297 T6923 T6921 pobj process,of R4298 T6924 T6923 nmod sequencing,process R4299 T6925 T6924 cc or,sequencing R43 T341 T342 advmod as,as R430 T1314 T1313 nsubj some,respond R4300 T6926 T6924 conj analysis,sequencing R4301 T6927 T6904 punct .,extend R4302 T6929 T6930 prep In,use R4303 T6931 T6929 pobj each,In R4304 T6932 T6931 prep of,each R4305 T6933 T6934 det these,cases R4306 T6934 T6932 pobj cases,of R4307 T6935 T6930 punct """, "",use" R4308 T6936 T6937 det the,clones R4309 T6937 T6930 nsubj clones,use R431 T1315 T1314 prep of,some R4310 T6938 T6939 compound splice,sites R4311 T6939 T6930 dobj sites,use R4312 T6940 T6930 prep within,use R4313 T6941 T6942 det the,UTR R4314 T6942 T6940 pobj UTR,within R4315 T6943 T6942 nummod 3,UTR R4316 T6944 T6943 punct ',3 R4317 T6945 T6930 cc and,use R4318 T6946 T6947 advmod thus,extend R4319 T6947 T6930 conj extend,use R432 T1316 T1317 det these,receptors R4320 T6948 T6949 advmod further,downstream R4321 T6949 T6947 advmod downstream,extend R4322 T6950 T6948 prep than,further R4323 T6951 T6952 det the,kb R4324 T6952 T6950 pobj kb,than R4325 T6953 T6952 amod arbitrary,kb R4326 T6954 T6952 nummod 1,kb R4327 T6955 T6949 prep of,downstream R4328 T6956 T6957 det the,codon R4329 T6957 T6955 pobj codon,of R433 T1317 T1315 pobj receptors,of R4330 T6958 T6957 compound stop,codon R4331 T6959 T6930 punct .,use R4332 T6961 T6962 nsubj Five,use R4333 T6963 T6961 prep of,Five R4334 T6964 T6965 det these,cDNAs R4335 T6965 T6963 pobj cDNAs,of R4336 T6966 T6965 nummod six,cDNAs R4337 T6967 T6962 advmod also,use R4338 T6968 T6969 compound splice,donor R4339 T6969 T6971 compound donor,sites R434 T1318 T1313 aux do,respond R4340 T6970 T6969 punct -,donor R4341 T6971 T6962 dobj sites,use R4342 T6972 T6962 prep within,use R4343 T6973 T6974 det the,region R4344 T6974 T6972 pobj region,within R4345 T6975 T6974 amod coding,region R4346 T6976 T6962 cc and,use R4347 T6977 T6962 conj encode,use R4348 T6978 T6979 amod disrupted,receptors R4349 T6979 T6977 dobj receptors,encode R435 T1319 T1313 advmod indeed,respond R4350 T6980 T6979 amod olfactory,receptors R4351 T6981 T6982 punct (,Figure R4352 T6982 T6977 parataxis Figure,encode R4353 T6983 T6982 nummod 6,Figure R4354 T6984 T6982 punct ),Figure R4355 T6985 T6962 punct .,use R4356 T6987 T6988 prep In,spliced R4357 T6989 T6990 det the,cDNA R4358 T6990 T6987 pobj cDNA,In R4359 T6991 T6990 amod sixth,cDNA R436 T1320 T1313 prep to,respond R4360 T6992 T6988 punct """, "",spliced" R4361 T6993 T6994 det a,intron R4362 T6994 T6988 nsubjpass intron,spliced R4363 T6995 T6996 nummod 2.6,kb R4364 T6996 T6994 compound kb,intron R4365 T6997 T6996 punct -,kb R4366 T6998 T6988 auxpass is,spliced R4367 T6999 T6988 prep out,spliced R4368 T7000 T6999 prep of,out R4369 T7001 T7002 det the,UTR R437 T1321 T1320 pobj odorants,to R4370 T7002 T7000 pobj UTR,of R4371 T7003 T7002 nummod 3,UTR R4372 T7004 T7003 punct ',3 R4373 T7005 T6988 punct """, "",spliced" R4374 T7006 T6988 advcl leaving,spliced R4375 T7007 T7008 det the,region R4376 T7008 T7006 dobj region,leaving R4377 T7009 T7008 amod coding,region R4378 T7010 T7006 oprd intact,leaving R4379 T7011 T6988 punct .,spliced R438 T1322 T1313 cc and,respond R4380 T7013 T7014 mark If,achieved R4381 T7014 T7020 advcl achieved,derive R4382 T7015 T7016 amod olfactory,receptor R4383 T7016 T7017 nmod receptor,control R4384 T7017 T7014 nsubjpass control,achieved R4385 T7018 T7017 amod transcriptional,control R4386 T7019 T7014 auxpass is,achieved R4387 T7021 T7014 prep by,achieved R4388 T7022 T7023 compound DNA,recombination R4389 T7023 T7021 pobj recombination,by R439 T1323 T1324 aux can,confer R4390 T7024 T7020 punct """, "",derive" R4391 T7025 T7026 det the,beginning R4392 T7026 T7020 nsubj beginning,derive R4393 T7027 T7026 prep of,beginning R4394 T7028 T7029 det each,transcript R4395 T7029 T7027 pobj transcript,of R4396 T7030 T7020 aux might,derive R4397 T7031 T7020 prep from,derive R4398 T7032 T7033 det a,region R4399 T7033 T7031 pobj region,from R44 T342 T330 cc as,providing R440 T1324 T1313 conj confer,respond R4400 T7034 T7033 amod donated,region R4401 T7035 T7033 compound promoter,region R4402 T7036 T7020 punct """, "",derive" R4403 T7037 T7020 prep with,derive R4404 T7038 T7039 det the,rest R4405 T7039 T7040 nsubj rest,coming R4406 T7040 T7037 pcomp coming,with R4407 T7041 T7039 prep of,rest R4408 T7042 T7043 det the,transcript R4409 T7043 T7041 pobj transcript,of R441 T1325 T1326 det that,responsivity R4410 T7044 T7040 prep from,coming R4411 T7045 T7046 det the,locus R4412 T7046 T7044 pobj locus,from R4413 T7047 T7046 amod native,locus R4414 T7048 T7049 npadvmod ORF,containing R4415 T7049 T7046 amod containing,locus R4416 T7050 T7049 punct -,containing R4417 T7051 T7020 punct .,derive R4418 T7053 T7054 prep In,analyzed R4419 T7055 T7053 pobj order,In R442 T1326 T1324 dobj responsivity,confer R4420 T7056 T7057 aux to,examine R4421 T7057 T7055 acl examine,order R4422 T7058 T7059 det the,hypothesis R4423 T7059 T7057 dobj hypothesis,examine R4424 T7060 T7059 compound recombination,hypothesis R4425 T7061 T7054 punct """, "",analyzed" R4426 T7062 T7054 nsubj we,analyzed R4427 T7063 T7064 nummod 115,clones R4428 T7064 T7054 dobj clones,analyzed R4429 T7065 T7064 compound cDNA,clones R443 T1327 T1328 advmod when,expressed R4430 T7066 T7067 prep for,failed R4431 T7067 T7064 relcl failed,clones R4432 T7068 T7066 pobj which,for R4433 T7069 T7067 nsubj sim4,failed R4434 T7070 T7071 aux to,align R4435 T7071 T7067 xcomp align,failed R4436 T7072 T7073 nummod 20,bp R4437 T7073 T7071 dobj bp,align R4438 T7074 T7075 cc or,more R4439 T7075 T7073 nummod more,bp R444 T1328 T1324 advcl expressed,confer R4440 T7076 T7071 prep to,align R4441 T7077 T7078 det the,locus R4442 T7078 T7076 pobj locus,to R4443 T7079 T7078 amod corresponding,locus R4444 T7080 T7078 amod genomic,locus R4445 T7081 T7054 punct .,analyzed R4446 T7083 T7084 prep In,explained R4447 T7085 T7086 amod most,cases R4448 T7086 T7083 pobj cases,In R4449 T7087 T7084 punct """, "",explained" R445 T1329 T1328 prep in,expressed R4450 T7088 T7089 det the,sequence R4451 T7089 T7084 nsubjpass sequence,explained R4452 T7090 T7089 amod missing,sequence R4453 T7091 T7084 auxpass was,explained R4454 T7092 T7084 prep by,explained R4455 T7093 T7092 pobj gaps,by R4456 T7094 T7093 prep in,gaps R4457 T7095 T7096 det the,sequence R4458 T7096 T7094 pobj sequence,in R4459 T7097 T7096 amod genomic,sequence R446 T1330 T1331 amod heterologous,types R4460 T7098 T7092 cc or,by R4461 T7099 T7092 conj by,by R4462 T7100 T7099 pobj matches,by R4463 T7101 T7102 dep that,fell R4464 T7102 T7100 relcl fell,matches R4465 T7103 T7102 prep below,fell R4466 T7104 T7105 poss our,cutoff R4467 T7105 T7103 pobj cutoff,below R4468 T7106 T7107 compound percent,identity R4469 T7107 T7108 npadvmod identity,based R447 T1331 T1329 pobj types,in R4470 T7108 T7105 amod based,cutoff R4471 T7109 T7108 punct -,based R4472 T7110 T7105 prep for,cutoff R4473 T7111 T7110 pcomp reporting,for R4474 T7112 T7111 dobj matches,reporting R4475 T7113 T7084 punct .,explained R4476 T7115 T7116 prep For,found R4477 T7117 T7118 nummod three,cDNAs R4478 T7118 T7115 pobj cDNAs,For R4479 T7119 T7118 punct (,cDNAs R448 T1332 T1331 compound cell,types R4480 T7120 T7118 prep from,cDNAs R4481 T7121 T7122 nummod three,receptors R4482 T7122 T7120 pobj receptors,from R4483 T7123 T7122 amod different,receptors R4484 T7124 T7122 amod olfactory,receptors R4485 T7125 T7116 punct ),found R4486 T7126 T7116 punct """, "",found" R4487 T7127 T7116 nsubj we,found R4488 T7128 T7129 mark that,matched R4489 T7129 T7116 ccomp matched,found R449 T1333 T1331 punct (,types R4490 T7130 T7131 det the,piece R4491 T7131 T7129 nsubj piece,matched R4492 T7132 T7131 amod missing,piece R4493 T7133 T7131 prep of,piece R4494 T7134 T7133 pobj sequence,of R4495 T7135 T7129 advmod elsewhere,matched R4496 T7136 T7135 prep in,elsewhere R4497 T7137 T7138 det the,genome R4498 T7138 T7136 pobj genome,in R4499 T7139 T7116 punct .,found R45 T343 T342 advmod well,as R450 T1334 T1335 prep for,4 R4500 T7141 T7142 nsubj Comparison,confirmed R4501 T7143 T7141 prep with,Comparison R4502 T7144 T7145 det the,assembly R4503 T7145 T7143 pobj assembly,with R4504 T7146 T7145 amod public,assembly R4505 T7147 T7148 compound mouse,genome R4506 T7148 T7145 compound genome,assembly R4507 T7149 T7150 det the,matches R4508 T7150 T7142 dobj matches,confirmed R4509 T7151 T7150 amod distant,matches R451 T1335 T1331 appos 4,types R4510 T7152 T7142 punct .,confirmed R4511 T7154 T7155 prep With,conclude R4512 T7156 T7157 predet such,number R4513 T7157 T7160 nsubj number,exhibiting R4514 T7158 T7157 det a,number R4515 T7159 T7157 amod small,number R4516 T7160 T7154 pcomp exhibiting,With R4517 T7161 T7157 prep of,number R4518 T7162 T7161 pobj cDNAs,of R4519 T7163 T7164 det a,sign R452 T1336 T1334 pobj example,for R4520 T7164 T7160 dobj sign,exhibiting R4521 T7165 T7164 amod possible,sign R4522 T7166 T7164 prep of,sign R4523 T7167 T7168 compound DNA,recombination R4524 T7168 T7166 pobj recombination,of R4525 T7169 T7164 punct (,sign R4526 T7170 T7171 det a,sign R4527 T7171 T7164 appos sign,sign R4528 T7172 T7173 dep that,interpreted R4529 T7173 T7171 relcl interpreted,sign R453 T1337 T1335 punct [,4 R4530 T7174 T7173 aux could,interpreted R4531 T7175 T7173 advmod also,interpreted R4532 T7176 T7173 auxpass be,interpreted R4533 T7177 T7173 prep as,interpreted R4534 T7178 T7179 amod chimeric,clones R4535 T7179 T7177 pobj clones,as R4536 T7180 T7179 compound cDNA,clones R4537 T7181 T7155 punct ),conclude R4538 T7182 T7155 punct """, "",conclude" R4539 T7183 T7155 nsubj we,conclude R454 T1338 T1328 punct ],expressed R4540 T7184 T7185 mark that,is R4541 T7185 T7155 ccomp is,conclude R4542 T7186 T7187 amod such,rearrangement R4543 T7187 T7185 nsubj rearrangement,is R4544 T7188 T7185 acomp unlikely,is R4545 T7189 T7190 aux to,occur R4546 T7190 T7188 xcomp occur,unlikely R4547 T7191 T7155 punct .,conclude R4548 T7193 T7194 advmod However,remains R4549 T7195 T7194 punct """, "",remains" R455 T1339 T1328 punct ),expressed R4550 T7196 T7197 det the,possibility R4551 T7197 T7194 nsubj possibility,remains R4552 T7198 T7199 mark that,is R4553 T7199 T7194 ccomp is,remains R4554 T7200 T7201 compound DNA,recombination R4555 T7201 T7199 nsubj recombination,is R4556 T7202 T7199 acomp responsible,is R4557 T7203 T7202 prep for,responsible R4558 T7204 T7205 amod olfactory,receptor R4559 T7205 T7206 nmod receptor,regulation R456 T1340 T1310 punct .,shown R4560 T7206 T7203 pobj regulation,for R4561 T7207 T7206 amod transcriptional,regulation R4562 T7208 T7199 punct """, "",is" R4563 T7209 T7199 prep with,is R4564 T7210 T7211 det the,region R4565 T7211 T7213 nsubj region,contributing R4566 T7212 T7211 amod donated,region R4567 T7213 T7209 pcomp contributing,with R4568 T7214 T7215 advmod only,sequences R4569 T7215 T7213 dobj sequences,contributing R457 T1342 T1343 amod Recent,investigations R4570 T7216 T7215 compound promoter,sequences R4571 T7217 T7215 cc but,sequences R4572 T7218 T7219 det no,part R4573 T7219 T7215 conj part,sequences R4574 T7220 T7219 prep of,part R4575 T7221 T7222 det the,transcript R4576 T7222 T7220 pobj transcript,of R4577 T7223 T7194 punct .,remains R4578 T7399 T7400 preconj Both,receptors R4579 T7400 T7403 nsubjpass receptors,expressed R458 T1343 T1345 nsubj investigations,provided R4580 T7401 T7400 amod unclustered,receptors R4581 T7402 T7400 amod olfactory,receptors R4582 T7404 T7400 cc and,receptors R4583 T7405 T7406 amod olfactory,receptor R4584 T7406 T7407 compound receptor,pseudogenes R4585 T7407 T7400 conj pseudogenes,receptors R4586 T7408 T7403 aux can,expressed R4587 T7409 T7403 auxpass be,expressed R4588 T7411 T7412 nsubj We,were R4589 T7413 T7412 acomp interested,were R459 T1344 T1343 amod computational,investigations R4590 T7414 T7413 prep in,interested R4591 T7415 T7416 mark whether,need R4592 T7416 T7414 pobj need,in R4593 T7417 T7418 amod olfactory,receptors R4594 T7418 T7416 nsubj receptors,need R4595 T7419 T7420 aux to,be R4596 T7420 T7416 xcomp be,need R4597 T7421 T7420 attr part,be R4598 T7422 T7421 prep of,part R4599 T7423 T7424 det a,cluster R46 T344 T330 conj identifying,providing R460 T1346 T1345 aux have,provided R4600 T7424 T7422 pobj cluster,of R4601 T7425 T7424 prep in,cluster R4602 T7426 T7427 det the,genome R4603 T7427 T7425 pobj genome,in R4604 T7428 T7420 prep in,be R4605 T7429 T7428 pobj order,in R4606 T7430 T7431 aux to,transcribed R4607 T7431 T7429 acl transcribed,order R4608 T7432 T7431 auxpass be,transcribed R4609 T7433 T7416 punct """, "",need" R461 T1347 T1348 det the,catalogs R4610 T7434 T7416 cc or,need R4611 T7435 T7436 mark if,is R4612 T7436 T7416 conj is,need R4613 T7437 T7438 det the,organization R4614 T7438 T7436 nsubj organization,is R4615 T7439 T7438 amod clustered,organization R4616 T7440 T7438 amod genomic,organization R4617 T7441 T7438 prep of,organization R4618 T7442 T7443 amod olfactory,receptors R4619 T7443 T7441 pobj receptors,of R462 T1348 T1345 dobj catalogs,provided R4620 T7444 T7436 advmod simply,is R4621 T7445 T7446 det a,consequence R4622 T7446 T7436 attr consequence,is R4623 T7447 T7446 prep of,consequence R4624 T7448 T7449 det the,fact R4625 T7449 T7447 pobj fact,of R4626 T7450 T7451 mark that,is R4627 T7451 T7449 acl is,fact R4628 T7452 T7453 amod local,duplication R4629 T7453 T7451 nsubj duplication,is R463 T1349 T1350 advmod almost,complete R4630 T7454 T7455 det the,mechanism R4631 T7455 T7451 attr mechanism,is R4632 T7456 T7455 amod major,mechanism R4633 T7457 T7455 prep for,mechanism R4634 T7458 T7457 pcomp expanding,for R4635 T7459 T7460 det the,family R4636 T7460 T7458 dobj family,expanding R4637 T7461 T7460 compound gene,family R4638 T7462 T7463 punct [,1 R4639 T7463 T7412 parataxis 1,were R464 T1350 T1348 amod complete,catalogs R4640 T7464 T7463 punct ],1 R4641 T7465 T7412 punct .,were R4642 T7467 T7468 punct ',are R4643 T7469 T7470 nmod Singleton,receptors R4644 T7470 T7468 nsubj receptors,are R4645 T7471 T7470 punct ',receptors R4646 T7472 T7470 amod olfactory,receptors R4647 T7473 T7470 punct (,receptors R4648 T7474 T7470 acl defined,receptors R4649 T7475 T7474 prep as,defined R465 T1351 T1352 amod human,6 R4650 T7476 T7477 amod full,length R4651 T7477 T7479 nmod length,receptors R4652 T7478 T7477 punct -,length R4653 T7479 T7475 pobj receptors,as R4654 T7480 T7479 amod olfactory,receptors R4655 T7481 T7479 prep without,receptors R4656 T7482 T7483 det another,receptor R4657 T7483 T7481 pobj receptor,without R4658 T7484 T7483 amod olfactory,receptor R4659 T7485 T7483 prep within,receptor R466 T1352 T1356 parataxis 6,gene R4660 T7486 T7487 nummod 0.5,Mb R4661 T7487 T7485 pobj Mb,within R4662 T7488 T7468 punct ),are R4663 T7489 T7490 advmod more,often R4664 T7490 T7468 advmod often,are R4665 T7491 T7468 attr pseudogenes,are R4666 T7492 T7493 mark than,are R4667 T7493 T7468 advcl are,are R4668 T7494 T7495 amod olfactory,receptors R4669 T7495 T7493 nsubj receptors,are R467 T1353 T1352 punct [,6 R4670 T7496 T7495 prep in,receptors R4671 T7497 T7496 pobj clusters,in R4672 T7498 T7499 punct (,16 R4673 T7499 T7493 parataxis 16,are R4674 T7500 T7499 quantmod 8,16 R4675 T7501 T7499 quantmod out,16 R4676 T7502 T7499 quantmod of,16 R4677 T7503 T7499 cc versus,16 R4678 T7504 T7505 quantmod "271,""1,358""" R4679 T7505 T7499 conj """1,358"",16" R468 T1354 T1352 nummod 5,6 R4680 T7506 T7505 quantmod "out,""1,358""" R4681 T7507 T7505 quantmod "of,""1,358""" R4682 T7508 T7499 punct ;,16 R4683 T7509 T7510 nsubj χ2,8.8 R4684 T7510 T7499 ccomp 8.8,16 R4685 T7511 T7510 punct =,8.8 R4686 T7512 T7499 punct """, "",16" R4687 T7513 T7514 nsubj P,0.005 R4688 T7514 T7499 ccomp 0.005,16 R4689 T7515 T7514 punct <,0.005 R469 T1355 T1352 punct ""","",6" R4690 T7516 T7499 punct ),16 R4691 T7517 T7468 punct .,are R4692 T7519 T7520 prep Of,have R4693 T7521 T7522 det the,receptors R4694 T7522 T7519 pobj receptors,Of R4695 T7523 T7522 nummod eight,receptors R4696 T7524 T7522 amod intact,receptors R4697 T7525 T7522 nmod singleton,receptors R4698 T7526 T7522 amod olfactory,receptors R4699 T7527 T7520 punct """, "",have" R47 T345 T346 compound gene,structure R470 T1356 T1348 compound gene,catalogs R4700 T7528 T7520 nsubj two,have R4701 T7529 T7530 amod matching,cDNAs R4702 T7530 T7520 dobj cDNAs,have R4703 T7531 T7520 prep in,have R4704 T7532 T7533 poss our,collection R4705 T7533 T7531 pobj collection,in R4706 T7534 T7520 punct """, "",have" R4707 T7535 T7536 det a,proportion R4708 T7536 T7520 npadvmod proportion,have R4709 T7537 T7536 amod similar,proportion R471 T1357 T1352 punct ],6 R4710 T7538 T7539 mark as,found R4711 T7539 T7536 advcl found,proportion R4712 T7540 T7539 prep for,found R4713 T7541 T7542 amod olfactory,receptors R4714 T7542 T7540 pobj receptors,for R4715 T7543 T7542 prep in,receptors R4716 T7544 T7543 pobj clusters,in R4717 T7545 T7520 punct """, "",have" R4718 T7546 T7520 advcl showing,have R4719 T7547 T7548 mark that,is R472 T1358 T1352 cc and,6 R4720 T7548 T7546 ccomp is,showing R4721 T7549 T7548 nsubj clustering,is R4722 T7550 T7548 neg not,is R4723 T7551 T7552 det an,requirement R4724 T7552 T7548 attr requirement,is R4725 T7553 T7552 amod absolute,requirement R4726 T7554 T7552 prep for,requirement R4727 T7555 T7556 amod olfactory,receptor R4728 T7556 T7557 compound receptor,expression R4729 T7557 T7554 pobj expression,for R473 T1359 T1360 dep mouse,2 R4730 T7558 T7520 punct .,have R4731 T7560 T7561 advmod However,are R4732 T7562 T7561 punct """, "",are" R4733 T7563 T7564 nsubj it,is R4734 T7564 T7561 ccomp is,are R4735 T7565 T7564 acomp possible,is R4736 T7566 T7567 det these,genes R4737 T7567 T7571 nsubj genes,are R4738 T7568 T7567 nummod two,genes R4739 T7569 T7567 amod expressed,genes R474 T1360 T1352 conj 2,6 R4740 T7570 T7567 compound singleton,genes R4741 T7571 T7564 advcl are,is R4742 T7572 T7571 attr part,are R4743 T7573 T7572 prep of,part R4744 T7574 T7573 punct ',of R4745 T7575 T7576 amod extended,clusters R4746 T7576 T7573 pobj clusters,of R4747 T7577 T7576 punct ',clusters R4748 T7578 T7579 amod olfactory,receptor R4749 T7579 T7576 compound receptor,clusters R475 T1361 T1360 punct [,2 R4750 T7580 T7561 punct -,are R4751 T7581 T7582 poss their,neighbors R4752 T7582 T7561 nsubj neighbors,are R4753 T7583 T7582 amod nearest,neighbors R4754 T7584 T7585 amod olfactory,receptor R4755 T7585 T7582 compound receptor,neighbors R4756 T7586 T7587 nummod 1.7,Mb R4757 T7587 T7588 npadvmod Mb,away R4758 T7588 T7561 advmod away,are R4759 T7589 T7587 cc and,Mb R476 T1362 T1360 nummod 1,2 R4760 T7590 T7591 nummod 2.6,Mb R4761 T7591 T7587 conj Mb,Mb R4762 T7592 T7561 punct """, "",are" R4763 T7593 T7561 advmod respectively,are R4764 T7594 T7561 punct .,are R4765 T7596 T7597 nsubj We,find R4766 T7598 T7597 advmod also,find R4767 T7599 T7600 mark that,expressed R4768 T7600 T7597 ccomp expressed,find R4769 T7601 T7602 det some,pseudogenes R477 T1363 T1360 punct ""","",2" R4770 T7602 T7600 nsubjpass pseudogenes,expressed R4771 T7603 T7604 amod olfactory,receptor R4772 T7604 T7602 compound receptor,pseudogenes R4773 T7605 T7600 auxpass are,expressed R4774 T7606 T7600 punct """, "",expressed" R4775 T7607 T7600 prep albeit,expressed R4776 T7608 T7607 prep with,albeit R4777 T7609 T7610 det a,probability R4778 T7610 T7608 pobj probability,with R4779 T7611 T7610 amod lower,probability R478 T1364 T1360 punct ],2 R4780 T7612 T7610 prep than,probability R4781 T7613 T7614 amod intact,receptors R4782 T7614 T7612 pobj receptors,than R4783 T7615 T7614 amod olfactory,receptors R4784 T7616 T7597 punct .,find R4785 T7618 T7619 advcl Considering,represented R4786 T7620 T7621 det the,sequences R4787 T7621 T7618 dobj sequences,Considering R4788 T7622 T7621 nummod """1,392"",sequences" R4789 T7623 T7624 amod olfactory,receptor R479 T1365 T1366 amod olfactory,receptor R4790 T7624 T7621 compound receptor,sequences R4791 T7625 T7621 compound gene,sequences R4792 T7626 T7627 prep for,are R4793 T7627 T7621 relcl are,sequences R4794 T7628 T7626 pobj which,for R4795 T7629 T7630 amod reliable,data R4796 T7630 T7627 nsubj data,are R4797 T7631 T7632 amod full,length R4798 T7632 T7630 amod length,data R4799 T7633 T7632 punct -,length R48 T346 T344 dobj structure,identifying R480 T1366 T1356 compound receptor,gene R4800 T7634 T7627 acomp available,are R4801 T7635 T7619 punct """, "",represented" R4802 T7636 T7637 quantmod 15,285 R4803 T7637 T7640 nummod 285,pseudogenes R4804 T7638 T7637 quantmod out,285 R4805 T7639 T7637 quantmod of,285 R4806 T7640 T7619 nsubjpass pseudogenes,represented R4807 T7641 T7642 punct (,% R4808 T7642 T7637 parataxis %,285 R4809 T7643 T7642 nummod 5,% R481 T1367 T1356 punct -,gene R4810 T7644 T7642 punct ),% R4811 T7645 T7640 amod apparent,pseudogenes R4812 T7646 T7619 auxpass are,represented R4813 T7647 T7619 prep in,represented R4814 T7648 T7649 poss our,collection R4815 T7649 T7647 pobj collection,in R4816 T7650 T7649 compound cDNA,collection R4817 T7651 T7619 punct """, "",represented" R4818 T7652 T7619 prep compared,represented R4819 T7653 T7652 prep to,compared R482 T1368 T1345 punct .,provided R4820 T7654 T7655 quantmod "393,""1,107""" R4821 T7655 T7658 nummod """1,107"",receptors" R4822 T7656 T7655 quantmod "out,""1,107""" R4823 T7657 T7655 quantmod "of,""1,107""" R4824 T7658 T7653 pobj receptors,to R4825 T7659 T7660 punct (,% R4826 T7660 T7655 parataxis "%,""1,107""" R4827 T7661 T7660 nummod 36,% R4828 T7662 T7660 punct ),% R4829 T7663 T7658 amod intact,receptors R483 T1370 T1371 advmod However,based R4830 T7664 T7658 amod olfactory,receptors R4831 T7665 T7619 punct .,represented R4832 T7667 T7668 advmod However,are R4833 T7669 T7668 punct """, "",are" R4834 T7670 T7671 quantmod three,15 R4835 T7671 T7674 nummod 15,pseudogenes R4836 T7672 T7671 quantmod of,15 R4837 T7673 T7671 quantmod these,15 R4838 T7674 T7668 nsubj pseudogenes,are R4839 T7675 T7674 punct ',pseudogenes R484 T1372 T1371 punct """, "",based" R4840 T7676 T7674 amod expressed,pseudogenes R4841 T7677 T7668 punct ',are R4842 T7678 T7679 amod intact,genes R4843 T7679 T7668 attr genes,are R4844 T7680 T7668 prep in,are R4845 T7681 T7682 det the,sequence R4846 T7682 T7680 pobj sequence,in R4847 T7683 T7682 amod public,sequence R4848 T7684 T7685 compound mouse,genome R4849 T7685 T7682 compound genome,sequence R485 T1373 T1374 det the,assignment R4850 T7686 T7668 punct .,are R4851 T7688 T7689 det The,defects R4852 T7689 T7690 nsubj defects,be R4853 T7691 T7689 prep in,defects R4854 T7692 T7693 poss Celera,version R4855 T7693 T7691 pobj version,in R4856 T7694 T7692 case 's,Celera R4857 T7695 T7693 prep of,version R4858 T7696 T7697 det these,genes R4859 T7697 T7695 pobj genes,of R486 T1374 T1371 nsubjpass assignment,based R4860 T7698 T7690 aux may,be R4861 T7699 T7690 prep due,be R4862 T7700 T7699 pcomp to,due R4863 T7701 T7702 amod sequencing,errors R4864 T7702 T7699 pobj errors,due R4865 T7703 T7702 cc or,errors R4866 T7704 T7705 amod true,polymorphism R4867 T7705 T7702 conj polymorphism,errors R4868 T7706 T7690 punct .,be R4869 T7708 T7709 advmod Publicly,available R487 T1375 T1374 prep of,assignment R4870 T7709 T7710 amod available,sequence R4871 T7710 T7712 nsubj sequence,confirms R4872 T7711 T7710 compound mouse,sequence R4873 T7713 T7714 mark that,are R4874 T7714 T7712 ccomp are,confirms R4875 T7715 T7716 quantmod 11,12 R4876 T7716 T7719 nummod 12,pseudogenes R4877 T7717 T7716 quantmod of,12 R4878 T7718 T7716 quantmod the,12 R4879 T7719 T7714 nsubj pseudogenes,are R488 T1376 T1375 pobj most,of R4880 T7720 T7719 amod remaining,pseudogenes R4881 T7721 T7719 amod expressed,pseudogenes R4882 T7722 T7714 advmod indeed,are R4883 T7723 T7714 attr pseudogenes,are R4884 T7724 T7712 punct .,confirms R4885 T7726 T7727 det No,sequence R4886 T7727 T7729 nsubj sequence,matches R4887 T7728 T7727 amod public,sequence R4888 T7730 T7731 det the,pseudogene R4889 T7731 T7729 dobj pseudogene,matches R489 T1377 T1376 prep of,most R4890 T7732 T7731 amod 12th,pseudogene R4891 T7733 T7731 punct ',pseudogene R4892 T7734 T7731 amod expressed,pseudogene R4893 T7735 T7729 punct ',matches R4894 T7736 T7729 prep with,matches R4895 T7737 T7738 nummod 99,% R4896 T7738 T7739 compound %,identity R4897 T7739 T7736 pobj identity,with R4898 T7740 T7739 cc or,identity R4899 T7741 T7739 conj more,identity R49 T347 T346 cc and,structure R490 T1378 T1379 det these,genes R4900 T7742 T7729 punct .,matches R4906 T8686 T8687 nsubj We,identified R4907 T8688 T8687 aux have,identified R4908 T8689 T8687 cc and,identified R4909 T8690 T8687 conj sequenced,identified R491 T1379 T1377 pobj genes,of R4910 T8691 T8692 nummod """1,264"",cDNAs" R4911 T8692 T8690 dobj cDNAs,sequenced R4912 T8693 T8694 amod odorant,receptor R4913 T8694 T8692 compound receptor,cDNAs R4914 T8695 T8690 prep from,sequenced R4915 T8696 T8697 nummod 419,genes R4916 T8697 T8695 pobj genes,from R4917 T8698 T8699 amod olfactory,receptor R4918 T8699 T8697 compound receptor,genes R4919 T8700 T8690 punct """, "",sequenced" R492 T1380 T1374 prep as,assignment R4920 T8701 T8690 conj confirming,sequenced R4921 T8702 T8703 poss their,expression R4922 T8703 T8701 dobj expression,confirming R4923 T8704 T8701 prep in,confirming R4924 T8705 T8706 det the,epithelium R4925 T8706 T8704 pobj epithelium,in R4926 T8707 T8706 amod olfactory,epithelium R4927 T8708 T8687 punct .,identified R4928 T8710 T8711 nsubj We,validated R4929 T8712 T8711 aux have,validated R493 T1381 T1382 amod olfactory,receptors R4930 T8713 T8711 advmod thus,validated R4931 T8714 T8715 det the,prediction R4932 T8715 T8711 dobj prediction,validated R4933 T8716 T8717 npadvmod similarity,based R4934 T8717 T8715 amod based,prediction R4935 T8718 T8717 punct -,based R4936 T8719 T8715 prep of,prediction R4937 T8720 T8721 quantmod over,one R4938 T8721 T8719 pobj one,of R4939 T8722 T8721 punct -,one R494 T1382 T1380 pobj receptors,as R4940 T8723 T8721 amod third,one R4941 T8724 T8721 prep of,one R4942 T8725 T8726 det the,genes R4943 T8726 T8724 pobj genes,of R4944 T8727 T8726 amod intact,genes R4945 T8728 T8729 amod olfactory,receptor R4946 T8729 T8726 compound receptor,genes R4947 T8730 T8726 acl annotated,genes R4948 T8731 T8730 prep in,annotated R4949 T8732 T8733 det the,genome R495 T1383 T1371 auxpass is,based R4950 T8733 T8731 pobj genome,in R4951 T8734 T8733 compound mouse,genome R4952 T8735 T8736 punct [,2 R4953 T8736 T8715 parataxis 2,prediction R4954 T8737 T8736 nummod 1,2 R4955 T8738 T8736 punct ""","",2" R4956 T8739 T8736 punct ],2 R4957 T8740 T8711 punct """, "",validated" R4958 T8741 T8742 advmod thereby,increasing R4959 T8742 T8711 advcl increasing,validated R496 T1384 T1371 advmod solely,based R4960 T8743 T8742 advmod vastly,increasing R4961 T8744 T8745 det the,proportion R4962 T8745 T8742 dobj proportion,increasing R4963 T8746 T8745 prep of,proportion R4964 T8747 T8748 det the,family R4965 T8748 T8746 pobj family,of R4966 T8749 T8750 prep for,is R4967 T8750 T8748 relcl is,family R4968 T8751 T8749 pobj which,for R4969 T8752 T8753 amod experimental,evidence R497 T1385 T1371 prep on,based R4970 T8753 T8750 nsubj evidence,is R4971 T8754 T8753 prep of,evidence R4972 T8755 T8756 amod olfactory,function R4973 T8756 T8754 pobj function,of R4974 T8757 T8750 acomp available,is R4975 T8758 T8711 punct .,validated R4976 T8760 T8761 nsubj We,found R4977 T8762 T8761 aux have,found R4978 T8763 T8761 neg not,found R4979 T8764 T8761 dobj cDNAs,found R498 T1386 T1385 pobj similarity,on R4980 T8765 T8764 prep for,cDNAs R4981 T8766 T8767 det all,genes R4982 T8767 T8765 pobj genes,for R4983 T8768 T8769 amod olfactory,receptor R4984 T8769 T8767 compound receptor,genes R4985 T8770 T8764 cc or,cDNAs R4986 T8771 T8772 det an,distribution R4987 T8772 T8764 conj distribution,cDNAs R4988 T8773 T8772 advmod even,distribution R4989 T8774 T8772 amod phylogenetic,distribution R499 T1387 T1386 prep to,similarity R4990 T8775 T8772 prep of,distribution R4991 T8776 T8775 pobj cDNAs,of R4992 T8777 T8761 punct """, "",found" R4993 T8778 T8779 advmod probably,are R4994 T8779 T8761 advcl are,found R4995 T8780 T8779 mark because,are R4996 T8781 T8782 det the,libraries R4997 T8782 T8779 nsubj libraries,are R4998 T8783 T8782 cc and,libraries R4999 T8784 T8783 punct /,and R5 T301 T290 conj is,identified R50 T348 T349 amod putative,regions R500 T1388 T1387 pobj one,to R5000 T8785 T8783 cc or,and R5001 T8786 T8787 poss our,screen R5002 T8787 T8782 conj screen,libraries R5003 T8788 T8779 acomp biased,are R5004 T8789 T8788 prep toward,biased R5005 T8790 T8791 amod certain,subfamilies R5006 T8791 T8789 pobj subfamilies,toward R5007 T8792 T8793 amod olfactory,receptor R5008 T8793 T8791 compound receptor,subfamilies R5009 T8794 T8761 punct .,found R501 T1389 T1388 prep of,one R5010 T8796 T8797 advcl Using,confirmed R5011 T8798 T8799 compound RT,PCR R5012 T8799 T8796 dobj PCR,Using R5013 T8800 T8799 punct -,PCR R5014 T8801 T8796 prep with,Using R5015 T8802 T8803 preconj both,degenerate R5016 T8803 T8804 amod degenerate,primers R5017 T8804 T8801 pobj primers,with R5018 T8805 T8803 cc and,degenerate R5019 T8806 T8803 conj specific,degenerate R502 T1390 T1391 det a,number R5020 T8807 T8797 punct """, "",confirmed" R5021 T8808 T8797 nsubj we,confirmed R5022 T8809 T8797 aux have,confirmed R5023 T8810 T8811 amod olfactory,expression R5024 T8811 T8797 dobj expression,confirmed R5025 T8812 T8811 prep of,expression R5026 T8813 T8814 det a,number R5027 T8814 T8812 pobj number,of R5028 T8815 T8814 prep of,number R5029 T8816 T8817 amod additional,receptors R503 T1391 T1389 pobj number,of R5030 T8817 T8815 pobj receptors,of R5031 T8818 T8817 amod olfactory,receptors R5032 T8819 T8797 punct """, "",confirmed" R5033 T8820 T8797 advcl bringing,confirmed R5034 T8821 T8822 det the,number R5035 T8822 T8820 dobj number,bringing R5036 T8823 T8822 amod total,number R5037 T8824 T8822 prep of,number R5038 T8825 T8826 amod olfactory,receptor R5039 T8826 T8827 compound receptor,genes R504 T1392 T1393 advmod relatively,small R5040 T8827 T8824 pobj genes,of R5041 T8828 T8827 acl verified,genes R5042 T8829 T8828 prep in,verified R5043 T8830 T8831 det this,study R5044 T8831 T8829 pobj study,in R5045 T8832 T8820 prep to,bringing R5046 T8833 T8832 pobj 436,to R5047 T8834 T8820 punct """, "",bringing" R5048 T8835 T8820 cc and,bringing R5049 T8836 T8820 conj ensuring,bringing R505 T1393 T1391 amod small,number R5050 T8837 T8838 mark that,have R5051 T8838 T8836 ccomp have,ensuring R5052 T8839 T8840 advmod almost,clades R5053 T8840 T8838 nsubj clades,have R5054 T8841 T8840 det all,clades R5055 T8842 T8840 amod phylogenetic,clades R5056 T8843 T8844 advmod at,one R5057 T8844 T8846 nummod one,representative R5058 T8845 T8844 advmod least,one R5059 T8846 T8838 dobj representative,have R506 T1394 T1391 prep of,number R5060 T8847 T8846 prep with,representative R5061 T8848 T8847 pobj evidence,with R5062 T8849 T8848 prep of,evidence R5063 T8850 T8851 amod olfactory,function R5064 T8851 T8849 pobj function,of R5065 T8852 T8797 punct .,confirmed R5066 T8854 T8855 nsubj Results,suggested R5067 T8856 T8854 prep of,Results R5068 T8857 T8858 poss our,screen R5069 T8858 T8856 pobj screen,of R507 T1395 T1396 advmod experimentally,confirmed R5070 T8859 T8858 compound cDNA,screen R5071 T8860 T8858 compound library,screen R5072 T8861 T8862 mark that,expressed R5073 T8862 T8855 ccomp expressed,suggested R5074 T8863 T8864 det some,receptors R5075 T8864 T8862 nsubjpass receptors,expressed R5076 T8865 T8864 amod olfactory,receptors R5077 T8866 T8862 auxpass are,expressed R5078 T8867 T8862 prep at,expressed R5079 T8868 T8869 advmod significantly,higher R508 T1396 T1397 amod confirmed,receptors R5080 T8869 T8870 amod higher,levels R5081 T8870 T8867 pobj levels,at R5082 T8871 T8870 prep than,levels R5083 T8872 T8871 pobj others,than R5084 T8873 T8855 punct .,suggested R5085 T8875 T8876 nsubj We,used R5086 T8877 T8878 amod quantitative,PCR R5087 T8878 T8876 dobj PCR,used R5088 T8879 T8880 aux to,show R5089 T8880 T8876 advcl show,used R509 T1397 T1394 pobj receptors,of R5090 T8881 T8882 mark that,are R5091 T8882 T8880 ccomp are,show R5092 T8883 T8884 compound expression,levels R5093 T8884 T8882 nsubj levels,are R5094 T8885 T8882 advmod indeed,are R5095 T8886 T8887 advmod highly,variable R5096 T8887 T8882 acomp variable,are R5097 T8888 T8882 punct """, "",are" R5098 T8889 T8890 mark with,expressed R5099 T8890 T8882 advcl expressed,are R51 T349 T346 conj regions,structure R510 T1398 T1397 nmod mouse,receptors R5100 T8891 T8892 nummod one,receptor R5101 T8892 T8890 nsubj receptor,expressed R5102 T8893 T8892 amod olfactory,receptor R5103 T8894 T8890 prep at,expressed R5104 T8895 T8896 advmod almost,300 R5105 T8896 T8897 nummod 300,level R5106 T8897 T8894 pobj level,at R5107 T8898 T8896 quantmod times,300 R5108 T8899 T8897 det the,level R5109 T8900 T8897 prep of,level R511 T1399 T1397 amod olfactory,receptors R5110 T8901 T8900 pobj another,of R5111 T8902 T8876 punct .,used R5112 T8904 T8905 amod Higher,levels R5113 T8905 T8907 nsubj levels,be R5114 T8906 T8905 compound expression,levels R5115 T8908 T8907 aux could,be R5116 T8909 T8907 prep due,be R5117 T8910 T8909 pcomp to,due R5118 T8911 T8912 amod increased,number R5119 T8912 T8909 pobj number,due R512 T1400 T1385 cc or,on R5120 T8913 T8912 compound transcript,number R5121 T8914 T8912 prep per,number R5122 T8915 T8914 pobj cell,per R5123 T8916 T8912 cc and,number R5124 T8917 T8916 punct /,and R5125 T8918 T8916 cc or,and R5126 T8919 T8920 det a,number R5127 T8920 T8922 nsubj number,choosing R5128 T8921 T8920 amod greater,number R5129 T8922 T8912 conj choosing,number R513 T1401 T1385 punct """, "",on" R5130 T8923 T8920 prep of,number R5131 T8924 T8925 amod olfactory,neurons R5132 T8925 T8923 pobj neurons,of R5133 T8926 T8922 punct ',choosing R5134 T8927 T8922 punct ',choosing R5135 T8928 T8929 det those,genes R5136 T8929 T8922 dobj genes,choosing R5137 T8930 T8907 punct .,be R5138 T8932 T8933 prep For,appear R5139 T8934 T8935 nummod one,pair R514 T1402 T1403 advmod worse,on R5140 T8935 T8932 pobj pair,For R5141 T8936 T8935 prep of,pair R5142 T8937 T8936 pobj genes,of R5143 T8938 T8939 nsubj we,tested R5144 T8939 T8937 advcl tested,genes R5145 T8940 T8933 punct """, "",appear" R5146 T8941 T8942 compound expression,level R5147 T8942 T8943 compound level,differences R5148 T8943 T8933 nsubj differences,appear R5149 T8944 T8945 aux to,be R515 T1403 T1385 conj on,on R5150 T8945 T8933 xcomp be,appear R5151 T8946 T8945 prep due,be R5152 T8947 T8946 pcomp to,due R5153 T8948 T8949 det both,factors R5154 T8949 T8946 pobj factors,due R5155 T8950 T8933 punct .,appear R5156 T8952 T8953 nsubj It,be R5157 T8954 T8953 aux would,be R5158 T8955 T8953 acomp interesting,be R5159 T8956 T8957 aux to,collect R516 T1404 T1403 punct """, "",on" R5160 T8957 T8953 xcomp collect,be R5161 T8958 T8957 dobj data,collect R5162 T8959 T8957 prep for,collect R5163 T8960 T8961 amod additional,genes R5164 T8961 T8959 pobj genes,for R5165 T8962 T8963 aux to,determine R5166 T8963 T8957 advcl determine,collect R5167 T8964 T8965 advmod how,vary R5168 T8965 T8963 ccomp vary,determine R5169 T8966 T8967 det the,numbers R517 T1405 T1403 pobj similarity,on R5170 T8967 T8965 nsubj numbers,vary R5171 T8968 T8967 prep of,numbers R5172 T8969 T8970 amod expressing,cells R5173 T8970 T8968 pobj cells,of R5174 T8971 T8967 cc and,numbers R5175 T8972 T8973 compound transcript,levels R5176 T8973 T8967 conj levels,numbers R5177 T8974 T8973 prep per,levels R5178 T8975 T8974 pobj cell,per R5179 T8976 T8965 prep across,vary R518 T1406 T1405 prep to,similarity R5180 T8977 T8978 det the,family R5181 T8978 T8976 pobj family,across R5182 T8979 T8980 amod olfactory,receptor R5183 T8980 T8978 compound receptor,family R5184 T8981 T8953 punct .,be R5185 T8983 T8984 nsubj Data,show R5186 T8985 T8983 prep from,Data R5187 T8986 T8987 det a,number R5188 T8987 T8985 pobj number,from R5189 T8988 T8987 prep of,number R519 T1407 T1408 det a,gene R5190 T8989 T8990 amod previous,studies R5191 T8990 T8988 pobj studies,of R5192 T8991 T8984 advmod also,show R5193 T8992 T8993 mark that,expressed R5194 T8993 T8984 ccomp expressed,show R5195 T8994 T8995 amod different,genes R5196 T8995 T8993 nsubjpass genes,expressed R5197 T8996 T8997 amod olfactory,receptor R5198 T8997 T8995 compound receptor,genes R5199 T8998 T8995 punct """, "",genes" R52 T350 T349 compound promoter,regions R520 T1408 T1406 pobj gene,to R5200 T8999 T8995 cc or,genes R5201 T9000 T9001 advmod even,copies R5202 T9001 T8995 conj copies,genes R5203 T9002 T9001 prep of,copies R5204 T9003 T9004 det the,transgene R5205 T9004 T9002 pobj transgene,of R5206 T9005 T9004 amod same,transgene R5207 T9006 T9007 amod olfactory,receptor R5208 T9007 T9004 compound receptor,transgene R5209 T9008 T9001 prep in,copies R521 T1409 T1410 dep that,defined R5210 T9009 T9010 amod different,locations R5211 T9010 T9008 pobj locations,in R5212 T9011 T9010 amod genomic,locations R5213 T9012 T8993 auxpass are,expressed R5214 T9013 T8993 prep in,expressed R5215 T9014 T9015 amod different,numbers R5216 T9015 T9013 pobj numbers,in R5217 T9016 T9015 prep of,numbers R5218 T9017 T9016 pobj cells,of R5219 T9018 T9019 punct [,35 R522 T1410 T1408 relcl defined,gene R5220 T9019 T8993 parataxis 35,expressed R5221 T9020 T9019 nummod 14,35 R5222 T9021 T9019 punct ""","",35" R5223 T9022 T9019 nummod 18,35 R5224 T9023 T9019 punct ""","",35" R5225 T9024 T9019 punct ],35 R5226 T9025 T8993 punct """, "",expressed" R5227 T9026 T8993 cc but,expressed R5228 T9027 T9028 aux do,address R5229 T9028 T8993 conj address,expressed R523 T1411 T1410 prep in,defined R5230 T9029 T9028 neg not,address R5231 T9030 T9031 det the,issue R5232 T9031 T9028 dobj issue,address R5233 T9032 T9031 prep of,issue R5234 T9033 T9034 compound transcript,level R5235 T9034 T9032 pobj level,of R5236 T9035 T9034 prep per,level R5237 T9036 T9035 pobj cell,per R5238 T9037 T8984 punct .,show R5239 T9039 T9040 det The,fact R524 T1412 T1411 pobj turn,in R5240 T9040 T9041 nsubj fact,is R5241 T9042 T9043 mark that,chosen R5242 T9043 T9040 acl chosen,fact R5243 T9044 T9045 det some,genes R5244 T9045 T9043 nsubjpass genes,chosen R5245 T9046 T9043 auxpass are,chosen R5246 T9047 T9048 advmod more,frequently R5247 T9048 T9043 advmod frequently,chosen R5248 T9049 T9043 punct """, "",chosen" R5249 T9050 T9043 cc and,chosen R525 T1413 T1410 auxpass was,defined R5250 T9051 T9052 advmod when,chosen R5251 T9052 T9053 advcl chosen,expressed R5252 T9053 T9043 conj expressed,chosen R5253 T9054 T9053 aux may,expressed R5254 T9055 T9053 auxpass be,expressed R5255 T9056 T9053 prep at,expressed R5256 T9057 T9058 amod higher,levels R5257 T9058 T9056 pobj levels,at R5258 T9059 T9058 prep per,levels R5259 T9060 T9059 pobj cell,per R526 T1414 T1410 prep as,defined R5260 T9061 T9041 punct """, "",is" R5261 T9062 T9041 acomp intriguing,is R5262 T9063 T9041 prep given,is R5263 T9064 T9065 det each,neuron R5264 T9065 T9067 poss neuron,regime R5265 T9066 T9065 amod olfactory,neuron R5266 T9067 T9063 pobj regime,given R5267 T9068 T9065 case 's,neuron R5268 T9069 T9070 amod single,allele R5269 T9070 T9067 compound allele,regime R527 T1415 T1416 det an,receptor R5270 T9071 T9070 punct -,allele R5271 T9072 T9067 compound expression,regime R5272 T9073 T9041 punct .,is R5273 T9075 T9076 det The,observation R5274 T9076 T9077 nsubj observation,leads R5275 T9078 T9076 prep of,observation R5276 T9079 T9080 amod unequal,expression R5277 T9080 T9078 pobj expression,of R5278 T9081 T9077 prep to,leads R5279 T9082 T9083 det a,number R528 T1416 T1414 pobj receptor,as R5280 T9083 T9081 pobj number,to R5281 T9084 T9083 prep of,number R5282 T9085 T9084 pobj questions,of R5283 T9086 T9077 punct .,leads R5284 T9088 T9089 nsubjpass It,known R5285 T9089 T9091 ccomp known,choose R5286 T9090 T9089 auxpass is,known R5287 T9092 T9093 mark that,expressed R5288 T9093 T9089 ccomp expressed,known R5289 T9094 T9095 det each,receptor R529 T1417 T1416 amod olfactory,receptor R5290 T9095 T9093 nsubjpass receptor,expressed R5291 T9096 T9095 amod olfactory,receptor R5292 T9097 T9093 auxpass is,expressed R5293 T9098 T9093 prep in,expressed R5294 T9099 T9098 pobj one,in R5295 T9100 T9099 prep of,one R5296 T9101 T9102 nummod four,zones R5297 T9102 T9100 pobj zones,of R5298 T9103 T9102 prep of,zones R5299 T9104 T9105 det the,epithelium R53 T351 T314 punct .,screened R530 T1418 T1419 advmod solely,by R5300 T9105 T9103 pobj epithelium,of R5301 T9106 T9105 amod olfactory,epithelium R5302 T9107 T9108 punct [,15 R5303 T9108 T9093 parataxis 15,expressed R5304 T9109 T9108 nummod 14,15 R5305 T9110 T9108 punct ""","",15" R5306 T9111 T9108 punct ],15 R5307 T9112 T9091 punct ;,choose R5308 T9113 T9091 aux do,choose R5309 T9114 T9115 det some,zones R531 T1419 T1410 prep by,defined R5310 T9115 T9091 nsubj zones,choose R5311 T9116 T9091 prep from,choose R5312 T9117 T9118 det a,sub-repertoire R5313 T9118 T9116 pobj sub-repertoire,from R5314 T9119 T9118 amod smaller,sub-repertoire R5315 T9120 T9121 amod olfactory,receptor R5316 T9121 T9118 compound receptor,sub-repertoire R5317 T9122 T9091 cc and,choose R5318 T9123 T9124 advmod thus,express R5319 T9124 T9091 conj express,choose R532 T1420 T1419 pobj similarity,by R5320 T9125 T9126 det each,receptor R5321 T9126 T9124 dobj receptor,express R5322 T9127 T9126 amod olfactory,receptor R5323 T9128 T9124 prep in,express R5324 T9129 T9130 det a,number R5325 T9130 T9128 pobj number,in R5326 T9131 T9130 amod larger,number R5327 T9132 T9130 prep of,number R5328 T9133 T9132 pobj cells,of R5329 T9134 T9091 punct ?,choose R533 T1421 T1371 punct .,based R5330 T9136 T9137 nsubj We,note R5331 T9138 T9139 mark that,expressed R5332 T9139 T9137 ccomp expressed,note R5333 T9140 T9141 amod several,receptors R5334 T9141 T9139 nsubjpass receptors,expressed R5335 T9142 T9143 advmod apparently,expressed R5336 T9143 T9141 amod expressed,receptors R5337 T9144 T9143 advmod highly,expressed R5338 T9145 T9141 amod olfactory,receptors R5339 T9146 T9141 punct (,receptors R534 T1423 T1424 mark While,is R5340 T9147 T9148 compound gene,A R5341 T9148 T9141 appos A,receptors R5342 T9149 T9150 punct """, "",study" R5343 T9150 T9148 parataxis study,A R5344 T9151 T9150 det this,study R5345 T9152 T9150 punct """, "",study" R5346 T9153 T9148 cc and,A R5347 T9154 T9148 conj MOR10,A R5348 T9155 T9154 cc and,MOR10 R5349 T9156 T9154 conj MOR28,MOR10 R535 T1424 T1430 advcl is,be R5350 T9157 T9158 punct [,36 R5351 T9158 T9156 parataxis 36,MOR28 R5352 T9159 T9158 punct ],36 R5353 T9160 T9141 punct ),receptors R5354 T9161 T9139 auxpass are,expressed R5355 T9162 T9139 prep in,expressed R5356 T9163 T9162 pobj zone,in R5357 T9164 T9163 nummod 4,zone R5358 T9165 T9163 prep of,zone R5359 T9166 T9167 det the,epithelium R536 T1425 T1426 npadvmod similarity,based R5360 T9167 T9165 pobj epithelium,of R5361 T9168 T9167 amod olfactory,epithelium R5362 T9169 T9137 punct .,note R5363 T9171 T9172 aux Does,contribute R5364 T9173 T9174 npadvmod activity,dependent R5365 T9174 T9176 amod dependent,competition R5366 T9175 T9174 punct -,dependent R5367 T9176 T9172 nsubj competition,contribute R5368 T9177 T9176 amod neuronal,competition R5369 T9178 T9179 punct [,37 R537 T1426 T1428 amod based,annotation R5370 T9179 T9176 parataxis 37,competition R5371 T9180 T9179 punct ],37 R5372 T9181 T9172 prep to,contribute R5373 T9182 T9183 amod increased,representation R5374 T9183 T9181 pobj representation,to R5375 T9184 T9183 prep of,representation R5376 T9185 T9186 det the,receptors R5377 T9186 T9184 pobj receptors,of R5378 T9187 T9186 amod olfactory,receptors R5379 T9188 T9189 dep that,respond R538 T1427 T1426 punct -,based R5380 T9189 T9186 relcl respond,receptors R5381 T9190 T9189 prep to,respond R5382 T9191 T9192 amod common,odorants R5383 T9192 T9190 pobj odorants,to R5384 T9193 T9192 amod environmental,odorants R5385 T9194 T9172 punct ?,contribute R5386 T9196 T9197 aux Do,have R5387 T9198 T9199 det the,receptors R5388 T9199 T9197 nsubj receptors,have R5389 T9200 T9199 amod favored,receptors R539 T1428 T1424 nsubj annotation,is R5390 T9201 T9199 amod olfactory,receptors R5391 T9202 T9203 amod stronger,sequences R5392 T9203 T9197 dobj sequences,have R5393 T9204 T9203 compound promoter,sequences R5394 T9205 T9197 punct ?,have R5395 T9208 T9209 det some,mRNAs R5396 T9209 T9207 nsubj mRNAs,Are R5397 T9210 T9211 amod olfactory,receptor R5398 T9211 T9209 compound receptor,mRNAs R5399 T9212 T9213 advmod more,stable R54 T355 T356 nsubj We,identified R540 T1429 T1428 compound genome,annotation R5400 T9213 T9207 acomp stable,Are R5401 T9214 T9213 prep than,stable R5402 T9215 T9214 pobj others,than R5403 T9216 T9207 punct """, "",Are" R5404 T9217 T9207 advcl leading,Are R5405 T9218 T9217 prep to,leading R5406 T9219 T9220 amod higher,levels R5407 T9220 T9218 pobj levels,to R5408 T9221 T9220 compound transcript,levels R5409 T9222 T9220 prep per,levels R541 T1431 T1432 det a,method R5410 T9223 T9224 amod expressing,cell R5411 T9224 T9222 pobj cell,per R5412 T9225 T9207 punct ?,Are R5413 T9228 T9229 det the,receptors R5414 T9229 T9227 nsubj receptors,Are R5415 T9230 T9229 amod favored,receptors R5416 T9231 T9229 amod olfactory,receptors R5417 T9232 T9227 prep in,Are R5418 T9233 T9234 advmod more,open R5419 T9234 T9235 amod open,conformation R542 T1432 T1424 attr method,is R5420 T9235 T9232 pobj conformation,in R5421 T9236 T9235 compound chromatin,conformation R5422 T9237 T9235 cc or,conformation R5423 T9238 T9239 advmod more,accessible R5424 T9239 T9240 amod accessible,locations R5425 T9240 T9235 conj locations,conformation R5426 T9241 T9240 amod genomic,locations R5427 T9242 T9227 punct ?,Are R5428 T9244 T9245 nsubj Transcription,suggests R5429 T9246 T9244 prep of,Transcription R543 T1433 T1432 amod good,method R5430 T9247 T9248 amod apparent,genes R5431 T9248 T9246 pobj genes,of R5432 T9249 T9248 punct ',genes R5433 T9250 T9248 nmod singleton,genes R5434 T9251 T9248 punct ',genes R5435 T9252 T9253 amod olfactory,receptor R5436 T9253 T9248 compound receptor,genes R5437 T9254 T9255 punct (,Mb R5438 T9255 T9244 parataxis Mb,Transcription R5439 T9256 T9255 nummod 0.5,Mb R544 T1434 T1432 amod initial,method R5440 T9257 T9258 cc or,more R5441 T9258 T9255 nummod more,Mb R5442 T9259 T9255 prep from,Mb R5443 T9260 T9261 det the,gene R5444 T9261 T9259 pobj gene,from R5445 T9262 T9261 amod nearest,gene R5446 T9263 T9261 amod other,gene R5447 T9264 T9265 amod olfactory,receptor R5448 T9265 T9261 compound receptor,gene R5449 T9266 T9255 punct ),Mb R545 T1435 T1436 aux to,identify R5450 T9267 T9268 mark that,is R5451 T9268 T9245 ccomp is,suggests R5452 T9269 T9268 expl there,is R5453 T9270 T9271 det no,requirement R5454 T9271 T9268 attr requirement,is R5455 T9272 T9271 amod absolute,requirement R5456 T9273 T9271 prep for,requirement R5457 T9274 T9275 amod genomic,clustering R5458 T9275 T9273 pobj clustering,for R5459 T9276 T9277 mark for,transcribed R546 T1436 T1432 advcl identify,method R5460 T9277 T9268 advcl transcribed,is R5461 T9278 T9279 det an,receptor R5462 T9279 T9277 nsubjpass receptor,transcribed R5463 T9280 T9279 amod olfactory,receptor R5464 T9281 T9277 aux to,transcribed R5465 T9282 T9277 auxpass be,transcribed R5466 T9283 T9268 punct """, "",is" R5467 T9284 T9268 advcl consistent,is R5468 T9285 T9284 prep with,consistent R5469 T9286 T9285 pobj observations,with R547 T1437 T1436 dobj genes,identify R5470 T9287 T9288 mark that,expressed R5471 T9288 T9286 acl expressed,observations R5472 T9289 T9290 amod small,transgenes R5473 T9290 T9288 nsubjpass transgenes,expressed R5474 T9291 T9292 amod olfactory,receptor R5475 T9292 T9290 compound receptor,transgenes R5476 T9293 T9288 aux can,expressed R5477 T9294 T9288 auxpass be,expressed R5478 T9295 T9288 advmod correctly,expressed R5479 T9296 T9297 advmod when,integrated R548 T1438 T1436 cc and,identify R5480 T9297 T9288 advcl integrated,expressed R5481 T9298 T9297 prep outside,integrated R5482 T9299 T9300 amod native,clusters R5483 T9300 T9298 pobj clusters,outside R5484 T9301 T9302 amod olfactory,receptor R5485 T9302 T9300 compound receptor,clusters R5486 T9303 T9304 punct [,35 R5487 T9304 T9245 parataxis 35,suggests R5488 T9305 T9304 punct ],35 R5489 T9306 T9245 punct .,suggests R549 T1439 T1436 conj predict,identify R5490 T9308 T9309 advmod However,suggests R5491 T9310 T9309 punct """, "",suggests" R5492 T9311 T9312 det the,count R5493 T9312 T9309 nsubj count,suggests R5494 T9313 T9312 amod high,count R5495 T9314 T9312 compound pseudogene,count R5496 T9315 T9312 prep among,count R5497 T9316 T9317 nmod singleton,genes R5498 T9317 T9315 pobj genes,among R5499 T9318 T9319 amod olfactory,receptor R55 T357 T358 amod "more,""1,200""" R550 T1440 T1441 poss their,function R5500 T9319 T9317 compound receptor,genes R5501 T9320 T9312 punct (,count R5502 T9321 T9322 nummod 50,% R5503 T9322 T9312 appos %,count R5504 T9323 T9322 punct """, "",%" R5505 T9324 T9322 cc versus,% R5506 T9325 T9326 nummod 20,% R5507 T9326 T9322 conj %,% R5508 T9327 T9326 prep for,% R5509 T9328 T9329 amod clustered,genes R551 T1441 T1439 dobj function,predict R5510 T9329 T9327 pobj genes,for R5511 T9330 T9331 amod olfactory,receptor R5512 T9331 T9329 compound receptor,genes R5513 T9332 T9312 punct ),count R5514 T9333 T9334 mark that,are R5515 T9334 T9309 ccomp are,suggests R5516 T9335 T9336 neg not,locations R5517 T9336 T9334 nsubj locations,are R5518 T9337 T9336 det all,locations R5519 T9338 T9336 amod genomic,locations R552 T1442 T1430 punct """, "",be" R5520 T9339 T9334 acomp favorable,are R5521 T9340 T9339 prep for,favorable R5522 T9341 T9342 amod olfactory,receptor R5523 T9342 T9343 compound receptor,survival R5524 T9343 T9340 pobj survival,for R5525 T9344 T9343 compound gene,survival R5526 T9345 T9334 punct """, "",are" R5527 T9346 T9347 advmod perhaps,due R5528 T9347 T9334 prep due,are R5529 T9348 T9347 pcomp to,due R553 T1443 T1430 prep in,be R5530 T9349 T9350 amod transcriptional,constraints R5531 T9350 T9347 pobj constraints,due R5532 T9351 T9309 punct .,suggests R5533 T9353 T9354 nsubj It,is R5534 T9354 T9355 ccomp is,rescue R5535 T9356 T9354 advmod also,is R5536 T9357 T9354 acomp possible,is R5537 T9358 T9359 mark that,be R5538 T9359 T9354 ccomp be,is R5539 T9360 T9361 amod evolutionary,factors R554 T1444 T1445 det some,cases R5540 T9361 T9359 nsubj factors,be R5541 T9362 T9359 aux may,be R5542 T9363 T9359 acomp responsible,be R5543 T9364 T9363 prep for,responsible R5544 T9365 T9366 amod reduced,content R5545 T9366 T9364 pobj content,for R5546 T9367 T9366 compound pseudogene,content R5547 T9368 T9366 prep of,content R5548 T9369 T9370 amod clustered,receptors R5549 T9370 T9368 pobj receptors,of R555 T1445 T1443 pobj cases,in R5550 T9371 T9370 amod olfactory,receptors R5551 T9372 T9355 punct -,rescue R5552 T9373 T9374 compound gene,conversion R5553 T9374 T9355 nsubj conversion,rescue R5554 T9375 T9374 prep between,conversion R5555 T9376 T9377 amod neighboring,receptors R5556 T9377 T9375 pobj receptors,between R5557 T9378 T9377 amod olfactory,receptors R5558 T9379 T9355 aux could,rescue R5559 T9380 T9381 amod inactivating,mutations R556 T1446 T1430 nsubj it,be R5560 T9381 T9355 dobj mutations,rescue R5561 T9382 T9381 prep in,mutations R5562 T9383 T9384 amod clustered,genes R5563 T9384 T9382 pobj genes,in R5564 T9385 T9381 punct """, "",mutations" R5565 T9386 T9381 cc but,mutations R5566 T9387 T9386 neg not,but R5567 T9388 T9381 conj singletons,mutations R5568 T9389 T9355 punct .,rescue R5569 T9391 T9392 mark Before,answered R557 T1447 T1430 aux can,be R5570 T9392 T9402 advcl answered,be R5571 T9393 T9394 det these,questions R5572 T9394 T9392 nsubjpass questions,answered R5573 T9395 T9394 prep about,questions R5574 T9396 T9397 amod olfactory,receptor R5575 T9397 T9398 compound receptor,gene R5576 T9398 T9399 compound gene,choice R5577 T9399 T9395 pobj choice,about R5578 T9400 T9392 aux can,answered R5579 T9401 T9392 auxpass be,answered R558 T1448 T1430 acomp misleading,be R5580 T9403 T9402 punct """, "",be" R5581 T9404 T9402 nsubj it,be R5582 T9405 T9402 aux will,be R5583 T9406 T9402 acomp important,be R5584 T9407 T9408 aux to,measure R5585 T9408 T9402 xcomp measure,be R5586 T9409 T9410 compound expression,levels R5587 T9410 T9408 dobj levels,measure R5588 T9411 T9410 prep of,levels R5589 T9412 T9413 det a,number R559 T1449 T1430 punct """, "",be" R5590 T9413 T9411 pobj number,of R5591 T9414 T9413 amod larger,number R5592 T9415 T9413 prep of,number R5593 T9416 T9415 pobj genes,of R5594 T9417 T9408 punct """, "",measure" R5595 T9418 T9419 advmod perhaps,using R5596 T9419 T9408 advcl using,measure R5597 T9420 T9421 det an,microarray R5598 T9421 T9419 dobj microarray,using R5599 T9422 T9423 amod olfactory,receptor R56 T358 T360 nummod """1,200"",cDNAs" R560 T1450 T1451 mark as,carry R5600 T9423 T9424 compound receptor,gene R5601 T9424 T9421 compound gene,microarray R5602 T9425 T9402 punct .,be R5603 T9427 T9428 poss Our,study R5604 T9428 T9429 nsubj study,provides R5605 T9430 T9431 advmod at,least R5606 T9431 T9432 advmod least,partial R5607 T9432 T9433 amod partial,data R5608 T9433 T9429 dobj data,provides R5609 T9434 T9433 prep about,data R561 T1451 T1430 advcl carry,be R5610 T9435 T9436 det the,structures R5611 T9436 T9434 pobj structures,about R5612 T9437 T9436 amod upstream,structures R5613 T9438 T9436 compound transcript,structures R5614 T9439 T9436 prep of,structures R5615 T9440 T9441 quantmod over,300 R5616 T9441 T9442 nummod 300,genes R5617 T9442 T9439 pobj genes,of R5618 T9443 T9444 amod olfactory,receptor R5619 T9444 T9442 compound receptor,genes R562 T1452 T1451 nsubj genes,carry R5620 T9445 T9429 punct .,provides R5621 T9447 T9448 det These,data R5622 T9448 T9449 nsubj data,provide R5623 T9450 T9451 amod tentative,locations R5624 T9451 T9449 dobj locations,provide R5625 T9452 T9451 prep of,locations R5626 T9453 T9454 det a,set R5627 T9454 T9452 pobj set,of R5628 T9455 T9454 amod large,set R5629 T9456 T9454 prep of,set R563 T1453 T1452 prep of,genes R5630 T9457 T9458 compound promoter,regions R5631 T9458 T9456 pobj regions,of R5632 T9459 T9449 punct """, "",provide" R5633 T9460 T9449 advcl allowing,provide R5634 T9461 T9462 amod computational,searches R5635 T9462 T9460 dobj searches,allowing R5636 T9463 T9462 prep for,searches R5637 T9464 T9465 amod shared,motifs R5638 T9465 T9463 pobj motifs,for R5639 T9466 T9465 compound sequence,motifs R564 T1454 T1455 amod similar,sequence R5640 T9467 T9468 dep that,involved R5641 T9468 T9465 relcl involved,motifs R5642 T9469 T9468 aux might,involved R5643 T9470 T9468 auxpass be,involved R5644 T9471 T9468 prep in,involved R5645 T9472 T9473 det the,regulation R5646 T9473 T9471 pobj regulation,in R5647 T9474 T9473 amod intriguing,regulation R5648 T9475 T9473 amod transcriptional,regulation R5649 T9476 T9473 prep of,regulation R565 T1455 T1453 pobj sequence,of R5650 T9477 T9478 amod olfactory,receptors R5651 T9478 T9476 pobj receptors,of R5652 T9479 T9449 punct .,provide R5653 T9481 T9482 advmod However,be R5654 T9483 T9482 punct """, "",be" R5655 T9484 T9482 prep given,be R5656 T9485 T9486 mark that,are R5657 T9486 T9484 pcomp are,given R5658 T9487 T9488 neg not,cDNAs R5659 T9488 T9486 nsubj cDNAs,are R566 T1456 T1451 aux can,carry R5660 T9489 T9488 det all,cDNAs R5661 T9490 T9491 amod full,length R5662 T9491 T9493 compound length,clones R5663 T9492 T9491 punct -,length R5664 T9493 T9486 attr clones,are R5665 T9494 T9482 punct """, "",be" R5666 T9495 T9482 nsubj some,be R5667 T9496 T9495 prep of,some R5668 T9497 T9498 det these,candidates R5669 T9498 T9496 pobj candidates,of R567 T1457 T1451 prt out,carry R5670 T9499 T9482 aux will,be R5671 T9500 T9482 neg not,be R5672 T9501 T9502 amod true,regions R5673 T9502 T9482 attr regions,be R5674 T9503 T9502 compound promoter,regions R5675 T9504 T9482 punct .,be R5676 T9506 T9507 det The,sequences R5677 T9507 T9511 nsubj sequences,aid R5678 T9508 T9509 nummod 5,UTR R5679 T9509 T9507 compound UTR,sequences R568 T1458 T1459 amod different,functions R5680 T9510 T9508 punct ',5 R5681 T9512 T9513 nsubj we,obtained R5682 T9513 T9507 advcl obtained,sequences R5683 T9514 T9511 aux will,aid R5684 T9515 T9511 advmod also,aid R5685 T9516 T9511 prep in,aid R5686 T9517 T9518 det the,design R5687 T9518 T9516 pobj design,in R5688 T9519 T9518 prep of,design R5689 T9520 T9521 amod experimental,probes R569 T1459 T1451 dobj functions,carry R5690 T9521 T9519 pobj probes,of R5691 T9522 T9511 punct """, "",aid" R5692 T9523 T9511 prep for,aid R5693 T9524 T9523 pobj example,for R5694 T9525 T9523 punct """, "",for" R5695 T9526 T9523 conj for,for R5696 T9527 T9528 advmod in,situ R5697 T9528 T9529 amod situ,hybridizations R5698 T9529 T9526 pobj hybridizations,for R5699 T9530 T9526 cc or,for R57 T359 T358 quantmod "than,""1,200""" R570 T1460 T1451 cc and,carry R5700 T9531 T9532 aux to,immobilize R5701 T9532 T9526 conj immobilize,for R5702 T9533 T9532 prep on,immobilize R5703 T9534 T9535 det an,microarray R5704 T9535 T9533 pobj microarray,on R5705 T9536 T9537 amod olfactory,receptor R5706 T9537 T9535 compound receptor,microarray R5707 T9538 T9511 punct .,aid R5708 T9540 T9541 nsubj One,be R5709 T9542 T9540 prep of,One R571 T1461 T1462 auxpass be,expressed R5710 T9543 T9544 det the,challenges R5711 T9544 T9542 pobj challenges,of R5712 T9545 T9544 prep of,challenges R5713 T9546 T9547 predet such,array R5714 T9547 T9545 pobj array,of R5715 T9548 T9547 det an,array R5716 T9549 T9541 aux will,be R5717 T9550 T9551 aux to,design R5718 T9551 T9541 xcomp design,be R5719 T9552 T9553 amod unique,probes R572 T1462 T1451 conj expressed,carry R5720 T9553 T9551 dobj probes,design R5721 T9554 T9555 prep with,represent R5722 T9555 T9553 relcl represent,probes R5723 T9556 T9554 pobj which,with R5724 T9557 T9555 aux to,represent R5725 T9558 T9559 det each,gene R5726 T9559 T9555 dobj gene,represent R5727 T9560 T9541 punct .,be R5728 T9562 T9563 advmod Often,is R5729 T9564 T9563 punct """, "",is" R573 T1463 T1462 prep in,expressed R5730 T9565 T9566 det the,region R5731 T9566 T9563 nsubj region,is R5732 T9567 T9566 amod coding,region R5733 T9568 T9566 prep of,region R5734 T9569 T9570 amod olfactory,receptors R5735 T9570 T9568 pobj receptors,of R5736 T9571 T9572 advmod highly,similar R5737 T9572 T9563 acomp similar,is R5738 T9573 T9563 prep between,is R5739 T9574 T9575 advmod recently,duplicated R574 T1464 T1465 amod different,tissues R5740 T9575 T9576 amod duplicated,genes R5741 T9576 T9573 pobj genes,between R5742 T9577 T9563 punct .,is R5743 T9579 T9580 amod Many,pairs R5744 T9580 T9581 nsubj pairs,show R5745 T9582 T9580 prep of,pairs R5746 T9583 T9584 amod similar,receptors R5747 T9584 T9582 pobj receptors,of R5748 T9585 T9584 amod olfactory,receptors R5749 T9586 T9587 amod more,divergence R575 T1465 T1463 pobj tissues,in R5750 T9587 T9581 dobj divergence,show R5751 T9588 T9587 compound sequence,divergence R5752 T9589 T9581 prep in,show R5753 T9590 T9591 det the,UTRs R5754 T9591 T9589 pobj UTRs,in R5755 T9592 T9581 prep than,show R5756 T9593 T9594 det the,region R5757 T9594 T9592 pobj region,than R5758 T9595 T9596 npadvmod protein,coding R5759 T9596 T9594 amod coding,region R576 T1466 T1465 punct (,tissues R5760 T9597 T9596 punct -,coding R5761 T9598 T9599 punct (,J.Y. R5762 T9599 T9581 meta J.Y.,show R5763 T9600 T9599 punct """, "",J.Y." R5764 T9601 T9599 amod unpublished,J.Y. R5765 T9602 T9599 nmod observations,J.Y. R5766 T9603 T9599 punct ),J.Y. R5767 T9604 T9581 punct .,show R5768 T9606 T9607 det The,UTRs R5769 T9607 T9608 nsubj UTRs,make R577 T1467 T1468 prep for,family R5770 T9609 T9608 aux would,make R5771 T9610 T9608 advmod therefore,make R5772 T9611 T9612 det a,choice R5773 T9612 T9608 dobj choice,make R5774 T9613 T9612 amod better,choice R5775 T9614 T9612 prep of,choice R5776 T9615 T9614 pobj sequence,of R5777 T9616 T9617 prep from,design R5778 T9617 T9615 relcl design,sequence R5779 T9618 T9616 pobj which,from R578 T1468 T1465 appos family,tissues R5780 T9619 T9617 aux to,design R5781 T9620 T9621 amod unique,oligonucleotides R5782 T9621 T9617 dobj oligonucleotides,design R5783 T9622 T9623 aux to,distinguish R5784 T9623 T9617 advcl distinguish,design R5785 T9624 T9625 advmod closely,related R5786 T9625 T9626 amod related,genes R5787 T9626 T9623 dobj genes,distinguish R5788 T9627 T9628 amod olfactory,receptor R5789 T9628 T9626 compound receptor,genes R579 T1469 T1467 pobj example,for R5790 T9629 T9608 punct .,make R5791 T9631 T9632 nsubj Locations,are R5792 T9632 T9639 ccomp are,provides R5793 T9633 T9631 prep of,Locations R5794 T9634 T9635 det these,regions R5795 T9635 T9633 pobj regions,of R5796 T9636 T9631 prep in,Locations R5797 T9637 T9638 amod genomic,sequence R5798 T9638 T9636 pobj sequence,in R5799 T9640 T9632 acomp difficult,are R58 T360 T356 dobj cDNAs,identified R580 T1470 T1468 punct """, "",family" R5800 T9641 T9642 aux to,predict R5801 T9642 T9640 advcl predict,difficult R5802 T9643 T9639 punct -,provides R5803 T9644 T9645 poss our,study R5804 T9645 T9639 nsubj study,provides R5805 T9646 T9647 nummod 5,UTR R5806 T9647 T9649 compound UTR,sequences R5807 T9648 T9646 punct ',5 R5808 T9649 T9639 dobj sequences,provides R5809 T9650 T9649 prep of,sequences R581 T1471 T1468 det the,family R5810 T9651 T9652 nummod 343,genes R5811 T9652 T9650 pobj genes,of R5812 T9653 T9649 cc and,sequences R5813 T9654 T9655 det the,length R5814 T9655 T9649 conj length,sequences R5815 T9656 T9655 amod approximate,length R5816 T9657 T9658 nummod 3,UTR R5817 T9658 T9655 compound UTR,length R5818 T9659 T9657 punct ',3 R5819 T9660 T9655 prep for,length R582 T1472 T1473 compound sugar,transporter R5820 T9661 T9662 nummod 399,genes R5821 T9662 T9660 pobj genes,for R5822 T9663 T9664 amod olfactory,receptor R5823 T9664 T9662 compound receptor,genes R5824 T9665 T9639 punct .,provides R5825 T9667 T9668 compound Probe,design R5826 T9668 T9669 nsubj design,account R5827 T9669 T9672 ccomp account,designed R5828 T9670 T9669 aux must,account R5829 T9671 T9669 advmod also,account R583 T1473 T1474 compound transporter,gene R5830 T9673 T9669 prep for,account R5831 T9674 T9675 det the,isoforms R5832 T9675 T9673 pobj isoforms,for R5833 T9676 T9675 amod multiple,isoforms R5834 T9677 T9675 amod transcriptional,isoforms R5835 T9678 T9675 acl observed,isoforms R5836 T9679 T9678 prep for,observed R5837 T9680 T9681 amod many,receptors R5838 T9681 T9679 pobj receptors,for R5839 T9682 T9681 amod olfactory,receptors R584 T1474 T1468 compound gene,family R5840 T9683 T9672 punct -,designed R5841 T9684 T9672 prep depending,designed R5842 T9685 T9684 prep on,depending R5843 T9686 T9687 det the,question R5844 T9687 T9685 pobj question,on R5845 T9688 T9689 auxpass being,asked R5846 T9689 T9687 acl asked,question R5847 T9690 T9672 punct """, "",designed" R5848 T9691 T9672 nsubjpass probes,designed R5849 T9692 T9672 aux could,designed R585 T1475 T1476 punct [,7 R5850 T9693 T9672 auxpass be,designed R5851 T9694 T9672 prep in,designed R5852 T9695 T9696 amod shared,sequence R5853 T9696 T9694 pobj sequence,in R5854 T9697 T9698 aux to,determine R5855 T9698 T9672 advcl determine,designed R5856 T9699 T9700 det the,level R5857 T9700 T9698 dobj level,determine R5858 T9701 T9700 amod total,level R5859 T9702 T9700 prep of,level R586 T1476 T1462 parataxis 7,expressed R5860 T9703 T9704 det all,isoforms R5861 T9704 T9702 pobj isoforms,of R5862 T9705 T9672 punct """, "",designed" R5863 T9706 T9672 cc or,designed R5864 T9707 T9672 conj in,designed R5865 T9708 T9709 amod unique,exons R5866 T9709 T9707 pobj exons,in R5867 T9710 T9711 aux to,measure R5868 T9711 T9707 advcl measure,in R5869 T9712 T9713 det the,level R587 T1477 T1476 punct ],7 R5870 T9713 T9711 dobj level,measure R5871 T9714 T9713 prep of,level R5872 T9715 T9716 det each,isoform R5873 T9716 T9714 pobj isoform,of R5874 T9717 T9711 advmod separately,measure R5875 T9718 T9672 punct .,designed R5876 T9720 T9721 nsubj We,find R5877 T9722 T9723 mark that,transcribed R5878 T9723 T9721 ccomp transcribed,find R5879 T9724 T9725 det the,majority R588 T1478 T1430 punct ),be R5880 T9725 T9723 nsubjpass majority,transcribed R5881 T9726 T9725 prep of,majority R5882 T9727 T9728 det the,receptors R5883 T9728 T9726 pobj receptors,of R5884 T9729 T9728 amod olfactory,receptors R5885 T9730 T9723 punct """, "",transcribed" R5886 T9731 T9723 prep like,transcribed R5887 T9732 T9733 amod most,genes R5888 T9733 T9731 pobj genes,like R5889 T9734 T9733 amod non-olfactory,genes R589 T1479 T1430 punct .,be R5890 T9735 T9733 compound receptor,genes R5891 T9842 T9841 punct """, "",stability" R5892 T9843 T9841 conj localization,stability R5893 T9844 T9843 cc or,localization R5894 T9845 T9843 conj degradation,localization R5895 T9846 T9847 punct [,42 R5896 T9847 T9823 parataxis 42,have R5897 T9848 T9847 nummod 41,42 R5898 T9849 T9847 punct ""","",42" R5899 T9850 T9847 punct ],42 R59 T361 T360 amod odorant,cDNAs R590 T1481 T1482 det A,subset R5900 T9851 T9823 punct .,have R5901 T9853 T9854 poss Our,study R5902 T9854 T9855 nsubj study,shows R5903 T9856 T9857 mark that,fit R5904 T9857 T9855 ccomp fit,shows R5905 T9858 T9859 quantmod about,5 R5906 T9859 T9860 nummod 5,% R5907 T9860 T9857 nsubj %,fit R5908 T9736 T9737 punct [,39 R5909 T9861 T9860 prep of,% R591 T1482 T1484 nsubj subset,appears R5910 T9737 T9723 parataxis 39,transcribed R5911 T9862 T9863 amod olfactory,receptor R5912 T9738 T9737 nummod 38,39 R5913 T9739 T9737 punct ""","",39" R5914 T9863 T9864 compound receptor,transcripts R5915 T9740 T9737 punct ],39 R5916 T9741 T9723 punct """, "",transcribed" R5917 T9864 T9861 pobj transcripts,of R5918 T9742 T9723 auxpass are,transcribed R5919 T9743 T9723 prep as,transcribed R592 T1483 T1482 amod small,subset R5920 T9744 T9745 amod multiple,isoforms R5921 T9745 T9743 pobj isoforms,as R5922 T9865 T9857 aux do,fit R5923 T9746 T9723 punct """, "",transcribed" R5924 T9747 T9723 advcl involving,transcribed R5925 T9866 T9857 neg not,fit R5926 T9748 T9749 amod alternative,splicing R5927 T9867 T9868 det the,notion R5928 T9868 T9857 dobj notion,fit R5929 T9749 T9747 dobj splicing,involving R593 T1485 T1482 prep of,subset R5930 T9750 T9749 prep of,splicing R5931 T9869 T9868 amod current,notion R5932 T9751 T9752 nummod 5,exons R5933 T9752 T9750 pobj exons,of R5934 T9753 T9751 punct ',5 R5935 T9870 T9868 prep of,notion R5936 T9754 T9752 amod untranslated,exons R5937 T9755 T9749 cc and,splicing R5938 T9756 T9757 amod alternate,usage R5939 T9757 T9749 conj usage,splicing R594 T1486 T1487 amod olfactory,receptors R5940 T9758 T9759 compound polyadenylation,site R5941 T9871 T9872 amod olfactory,receptor R5942 T9759 T9757 compound site,usage R5943 T9760 T9759 punct -,site R5944 T9761 T9721 punct .,find R5945 T9872 T9873 compound receptor,gene R5946 T9763 T9764 det The,act R5947 T9764 T9765 nsubj act,be R5948 T9873 T9874 compound gene,structure R5949 T9766 T9764 prep of,act R595 T1487 T1485 pobj receptors,of R5950 T9874 T9870 pobj structure,of R5951 T9767 T9766 pobj splicing,of R5952 T9875 T9855 punct .,shows R5953 T9768 T9764 appos itself,act R5954 T9769 T9765 aux may,be R5955 T9770 T9765 acomp important,be R5956 T9877 T9878 advmod Occasionally,spliced R5957 T9771 T9772 prep for,40 R5958 T9772 T9765 parataxis 40,be R5959 T9773 T9774 amod efficient,export R596 T1488 T1489 aux to,expressed R5960 T9774 T9771 pobj export,for R5961 T9879 T9878 punct """, "",spliced" R5962 T9775 T9774 compound mRNA,export R5963 T9776 T9774 prep from,export R5964 T9777 T9778 det the,nucleus R5965 T9880 T9881 det an,intron R5966 T9778 T9776 pobj nucleus,from R5967 T9779 T9772 punct [,40 R5968 T9780 T9772 punct ],40 R5969 T9881 T9878 nsubjpass intron,spliced R597 T1489 T1484 xcomp expressed,appears R5970 T9781 T9772 cc or,40 R5971 T9782 T9783 aux to,couple R5972 T9882 T9878 auxpass is,spliced R5973 T9783 T9772 conj couple,40 R5974 T9784 T9785 amod olfactory,receptor R5975 T9785 T9786 compound receptor,regions R5976 T9883 T9878 prep out,spliced R5977 T9786 T9783 dobj regions,couple R5978 T9787 T9786 compound coding,regions R5979 T9884 T9883 prep of,out R598 T1490 T1489 auxpass be,expressed R5980 T9788 T9783 prep with,couple R5981 T9789 T9790 advmod genomically,distant R5982 T9790 T9791 amod distant,promoters R5983 T9885 T9886 det the,region R5984 T9791 T9788 pobj promoters,with R5985 T9792 T9765 punct .,be R5986 T9886 T9884 pobj region,of R5987 T9794 T9795 det The,nature R5988 T9795 T9797 nsubj nature,be R5989 T9887 T9886 nummod 3,region R599 T1491 T1489 prep in,expressed R5990 T9796 T9795 amod exact,nature R5991 T9798 T9795 prep of,nature R5992 T9799 T9800 det the,transcript R5993 T9800 T9798 pobj transcript,of R5994 T9888 T9887 punct ',3 R5995 T9801 T9800 amod spliced,transcript R5996 T9802 T9797 aux might,be R5997 T9803 T9797 acomp unimportant,be R5998 T9889 T9886 amod untranslated,region R5999 T9804 T9797 punct """, "",be" R6 T302 T300 acl confirming,evidence R60 T362 T360 compound receptor,cDNAs R600 T1492 T1493 amod non-olfactory,tissues R6000 T9805 T9806 amod such,produced R6001 T9890 T9878 punct .,spliced R6002 T9806 T9797 advcl produced,be R6003 T9807 T9806 mark that,produced R6004 T9808 T9809 amod several,isoforms R6005 T9892 T9893 det A,number R6006 T9809 T9806 nsubjpass isoforms,produced R6007 T9810 T9806 aux might,produced R6008 T9811 T9806 auxpass be,produced R6009 T9893 T9894 nsubj number,use R601 T1493 T1491 pobj tissues,in R6010 T9812 T9813 advmod simply,are R6011 T9813 T9806 advcl are,produced R6012 T9814 T9813 mark because,are R6013 T9815 T9816 amod multiple,sites R6014 T9895 T9893 prep of,number R6015 T9816 T9813 nsubj sites,are R6016 T9817 T9816 amod functional,sites R6017 T9818 T9816 compound splice,sites R6018 T9819 T9813 acomp available,are R6019 T9896 T9895 pobj cDNAs,of R602 T1494 T1493 punct """, "",tissues" R6020 T9820 T9797 punct .,be R6021 T9897 T9898 compound splice,sites R6022 T9822 T9823 advmod Alternatively,have R6023 T9824 T9823 punct """, "",have" R6024 T9898 T9894 dobj sites,use R6025 T9825 T9826 det the,multiplicity R6026 T9826 T9823 nsubj multiplicity,have R6027 T9827 T9826 prep of,multiplicity R6028 T9899 T9898 prep within,sites R6029 T9828 T9829 amod transcriptional,isoforms R603 T1495 T1496 advmod principally,testis R6030 T9829 T9827 pobj isoforms,of R6031 T9830 T9823 aux might,have R6032 T9900 T9901 det the,receptor R6033 T9831 T9832 amod functional,significance R6034 T9832 T9823 dobj significance,have R6035 T9901 T9903 poss receptor,ORF R6036 T9833 T9823 punct """, "",have" R6037 T9834 T9835 mark as,contain R6038 T9902 T9901 amod olfactory,receptor R6039 T9835 T9823 advcl contain,have R604 T1496 T1493 appos testis,tissues R6040 T9903 T9899 pobj ORF,within R6041 T9836 T9835 nsubj UTRs,contain R6042 T9837 T9835 aux may,contain R6043 T9838 T9835 dobj signals,contain R6044 T9839 T9838 acl controlling,signals R6045 T9840 T9841 compound mRNA,stability R6046 T9904 T9901 case 's,receptor R6047 T9841 T9839 dobj stability,controlling R6048 T9905 T9894 punct """, "",use" R6049 T9906 T9894 advcl meaning,use R605 T1497 T1496 det the,testis R6050 T9907 T9908 mark that,is R6051 T9908 T9906 ccomp is,meaning R6052 T9909 T9910 poss their,product R6053 T9910 T9908 nsubj product,is R6054 T9948 T9946 compound amino,acids R6055 T9949 T9940 agent by,encoded R6056 T9911 T9910 compound protein,product R6057 T9950 T9951 det an,exon R6058 T9951 T9949 pobj exon,by R6059 T9912 T9908 acomp different,is R606 T1498 T1499 punct [,8 R6060 T9952 T9951 amod upstream,exon R6061 T9953 T9926 punct """, "",encode" R6062 T9954 T9955 mark as,observed R6063 T9913 T9912 prep from,different R6064 T9955 T9926 advcl observed,encode R6065 T9956 T9955 aux has,observed R6066 T9914 T9913 pobj that,from R6067 T9957 T9955 auxpass been,observed R6068 T9958 T9955 advmod previously,observed R6069 T9915 T9914 acl predicted,that R607 T1499 T1496 parataxis 8,testis R6070 T9959 T9955 prep for,observed R6071 T9960 T9961 det a,gene R6072 T9961 T9959 pobj gene,for R6073 T9916 T9915 prep on,predicted R6074 T9962 T9961 amod subtelomeric,gene R6075 T9963 T9961 amod human,gene R6076 T9964 T9965 amod olfactory,receptor R6077 T9917 T9918 det the,basis R6078 T9965 T9961 compound receptor,gene R6079 T9966 T9967 punct [,25 R608 T1500 T1499 punct ],8 R6080 T9918 T9916 pobj basis,on R6081 T9967 T9926 parataxis 25,encode R6082 T9968 T9967 punct ],25 R6083 T9969 T9926 punct .,encode R6084 T9919 T9918 prep of,basis R6085 T9971 T9972 amod Such,splicing R6086 T9972 T9976 nsubj splicing,increase R6087 T9920 T9921 amod genomic,sequence R6088 T9973 T9972 nmod within,splicing R6089 T9974 T9973 punct -,within R609 T1501 T1496 punct """, "",testis" R6090 T9975 T9973 pobj ORF,within R6091 T9921 T9919 pobj sequence,of R6092 T9977 T9976 aux might,increase R6093 T9978 T9979 npadvmod protein,coding R6094 T9979 T9981 amod coding,diversity R6095 T9980 T9979 punct -,coding R6096 T9981 T9976 dobj diversity,increase R6097 T9982 T9976 punct """, "",increase" R6098 T9922 T9921 advmod alone,sequence R6099 T9983 T9984 mark although,is R61 T363 T360 acl representing,cDNAs R610 T1502 T1496 cc but,testis R6100 T9984 T9976 advcl is,increase R6101 T9985 T9984 punct """, "",is" R6102 T9923 T9894 punct .,use R6103 T9986 T9984 prep given,is R6104 T9987 T9988 det the,number R6105 T9988 T9986 pobj number,given R6106 T9925 T9926 prep In,encode R6107 T9989 T9988 amod small,number R6108 T9990 T9988 prep of,number R6109 T9991 T9990 pobj genes,of R611 T1503 T1502 advmod also,but R6110 T9992 T9988 acl involved,number R6111 T9993 T9984 punct """, "",is" R6112 T9927 T9928 nummod two,cases R6113 T9994 T9984 nsubj splicing,is R6114 T9995 T9984 acomp unlikely,is R6115 T9996 T9997 aux to,affect R6116 T9997 T9995 xcomp affect,unlikely R6117 T9928 T9925 pobj cases,In R6118 T9998 T9997 advmod significantly,affect R6119 T9999 T10000 det the,repertoire R612 T1504 T1505 compound taste,tissues R6120 T10000 T9997 dobj repertoire,affect R6121 T10001 T10000 amod functional,repertoire R6122 T9929 T9928 amod such,cases R6123 T10002 T10000 compound receptor,repertoire R6124 T10003 T9976 punct .,increase R6125 T9930 T9926 punct """, "",encode" R6126 T10005 T10006 nsubj Most,appear R6127 T10007 T10005 prep of,Most R6128 T9931 T9932 det the,transcript R6129 T10008 T10009 det the,forms R613 T1505 T1496 conj tissues,testis R6130 T9932 T9926 nsubj transcript,encode R6131 T9933 T9926 aux would,encode R6132 T10009 T10007 pobj forms,of R6133 T9934 T9935 det a,receptor R6134 T10010 T10009 amod atypical,forms R6135 T10011 T10009 compound splice,forms R6136 T10012 T10013 nsubj we,observe R6137 T9935 T9926 dobj receptor,encode R6138 T10013 T10009 advcl observe,forms R6139 T10014 T10015 aux to,encode R614 T1506 T1507 punct [,9 R6140 T10015 T10006 xcomp encode,appear R6141 T9936 T9935 amod functional,receptor R6142 T10016 T10017 amod non-functional,transcripts R6143 T10017 T10015 dobj transcripts,encode R6144 T9937 T9935 amod olfactory,receptor R6145 T10018 T10017 punct """, "",transcripts" R6146 T10019 T10017 acl containing,transcripts R6147 T10020 T10019 dobj frameshifts,containing R6148 T10021 T10019 cc or,containing R6149 T10022 T10019 conj lacking,containing R615 T1507 T1505 parataxis 9,tissues R6150 T9938 T9926 punct """, "",encode" R6151 T10023 T10024 det a,codon R6152 T10024 T10022 dobj codon,lacking R6153 T10025 T10024 compound start,codon R6154 T9939 T9940 mark with,encoded R6155 T10026 T10024 cc or,codon R6156 T10027 T10028 amod other,residues R6157 T10028 T10024 conj residues,codon R6158 T9940 T9926 advcl encoded,encode R6159 T10029 T10028 amod functional,residues R616 T1508 T1507 punct ],9 R6160 T10030 T10028 acl conserved,residues R6161 T10031 T10030 prep throughout,conserved R6162 T9941 T9942 det the,methionine R6163 T10032 T10033 det the,family R6164 T10033 T10031 pobj family,throughout R6165 T10034 T10035 amod olfactory,receptor R6166 T9942 T9940 nsubj methionine,encoded R6167 T10035 T10033 compound receptor,family R6168 T10036 T10006 punct .,appear R6169 T9943 T9942 amod initiating,methionine R617 T1509 T1505 punct """, "",tissues" R6170 T10038 T10039 det These,transcripts R6171 T10039 T10041 nsubj transcripts,are R6172 T9944 T9942 cc and,methionine R6173 T10040 T10039 amod nonfunctional,transcripts R6174 T10042 T10041 advmod probably,are R6175 T9945 T9946 amod first,acids R6176 T10043 T10044 amod aberrant,products R6177 T10044 T10041 attr products,are R6178 T10045 T10044 compound by,products R6179 T9946 T9942 conj acids,methionine R618 T1510 T1505 conj prostate,tissues R6180 T10046 T10044 punct -,products R6181 T10047 T10044 prep of,products R6182 T10048 T10049 det the,system R6183 T9947 T9946 amod few,acids R6184 T10049 T10047 pobj system,of R6185 T10050 T10049 compound splicing,system R6186 T10051 T10052 punct [,43 R6187 T10054 T10055 dep that,degraded R6188 T10052 T10044 parataxis 43,products R6189 T10053 T10052 punct ],43 R619 T1511 T1512 punct [,10 R6190 T10055 T10044 relcl degraded,products R6191 T10056 T10055 aux have,degraded R6192 T10057 T10055 neg not,degraded R6193 T10058 T10055 advmod yet,degraded R6194 T10160 T10158 pobj pseudogenes,for R6195 T10161 T10160 amod human,pseudogenes R6196 T10059 T10055 auxpass been,degraded R6197 T10162 T10163 amod olfactory,receptor R6198 T10163 T10160 compound receptor,pseudogenes R6199 T10164 T10165 punct [,44 R62 T364 T365 amod more,400 R620 T1512 T1510 parataxis 10,prostate R6200 T10165 T10143 parataxis 44,observe R6201 T10166 T10165 nummod 26,44 R6202 T10060 T10055 agent by,degraded R6203 T10167 T10165 punct ""","",44" R6204 T10168 T10165 punct ],44 R6205 T10169 T10143 punct .,observe R6206 T10061 T10062 compound RNA,systems R6207 T10171 T10172 mark Although,represented R6208 T10172 T10180 advcl represented,express R6209 T10062 T10060 pobj systems,by R621 T1513 T1512 punct ],10 R6210 T10173 T10174 amod many,fewer R6211 T10174 T10175 amod fewer,pseudogenes R6212 T10175 T10172 nsubjpass pseudogenes,represented R6213 T10063 T10062 compound surveillance,systems R6214 T10176 T10175 prep than,pseudogenes R6215 T10177 T10178 amod intact,genes R6216 T10064 T10065 punct [,41 R6217 T10178 T10176 pobj genes,than R6218 T10179 T10172 auxpass were,represented R6219 T10065 T10055 parataxis 41,degraded R622 T1514 T1510 punct """, "",prostate" R6220 T10181 T10172 prep in,represented R6221 T10066 T10065 nummod 40,41 R6222 T10182 T10183 poss our,collection R6223 T10067 T10065 punct ""","",41" R6224 T10183 T10181 pobj collection,in R6225 T10184 T10183 compound cDNA,collection R6226 T10068 T10065 punct ],41 R6227 T10185 T10180 punct """, "",express" R6228 T10186 T10187 det some,neurons R6229 T10187 T10180 nsubj neurons,express R623 T1515 T1516 amod erythroid,cells R6230 T10069 T10041 punct .,are R6231 T10188 T10187 prep in,neurons R6232 T10189 T10190 det the,epithelium R6233 T10071 T10072 det The,neurons R6234 T10190 T10188 pobj epithelium,in R6235 T10191 T10190 amod olfactory,epithelium R6236 T10192 T10180 advmod evidently,express R6237 T10193 T10194 amod disrupted,receptors R6238 T10072 T10073 nsubj neurons,make R6239 T10194 T10180 dobj receptors,express R624 T1516 T1510 conj cells,prostate R6240 T10195 T10194 amod olfactory,receptors R6241 T10196 T10180 cc and,express R6242 T10074 T10072 acl expressing,neurons R6243 T10197 T10198 advmod thus,be R6244 T10198 T10180 conj be,express R6245 T10199 T10198 aux might,be R6246 T10200 T10198 acomp unable,be R6247 T10075 T10076 det these,transcripts R6248 T10201 T10202 aux to,respond R6249 T10202 T10200 xcomp respond,unable R625 T1517 T1518 punct [,11 R6250 T10076 T10074 dobj transcripts,expressing R6251 T10203 T10202 prep to,respond R6252 T10204 T10203 pobj odorants,to R6253 T10205 T10202 cc or,respond R6254 T10206 T10207 aux to,innervate R6255 T10207 T10202 conj innervate,respond R6256 T10077 T10076 amod aberrant,transcripts R6257 T10208 T10207 advmod correctly,innervate R6258 T10209 T10210 det the,bulb R6259 T10210 T10207 dobj bulb,innervate R626 T1518 T1516 parataxis 11,cells R6260 T10078 T10073 aux might,make R6261 T10211 T10210 amod olfactory,bulb R6262 T10212 T10180 punct .,express R6263 T10079 T10073 advmod also,make R6264 T10214 T10215 nsubj Wang,shown R6265 T10080 T10081 amod normal,transcripts R6266 T10216 T10214 punct """, "",Wang" R6267 T10217 T10214 conj Axel,Wang R6268 T10218 T10217 cc and,Axel R6269 T10081 T10073 dobj transcripts,make R627 T1519 T1518 punct ],11 R6270 T10219 T10217 conj coworkers,Axel R6271 T10220 T10215 aux have,shown R6272 T10221 T10222 mark that,support R6273 T10082 T10073 prep for,make R6274 T10222 T10215 advcl support,shown R6275 T10223 T10224 det an,gene R6276 T10083 T10084 det the,genes R6277 T10224 T10222 nsubj gene,support R6278 T10225 T10224 amod artificial,gene R6279 T10226 T10224 amod transgenic,gene R628 T1520 T1516 punct """, "",cells" R6280 T10084 T10082 pobj genes,for R6281 T10227 T10228 amod olfactory,receptor R6282 T10228 T10224 compound receptor,gene R6283 T10229 T10224 acl containing,gene R6284 T10085 T10084 amod same,genes R6285 T10230 T10231 nummod two,mutations R6286 T10231 T10229 dobj mutations,containing R6287 T10086 T10073 cc and,make R6288 T10232 T10231 amod nonsense,mutations R6289 T10233 T10222 aux can,support R629 T1521 T1516 conj notochord,cells R6290 T10234 T10222 dobj development,support R6291 T10087 T10088 advmod thus,produce R6292 T10235 T10234 prep of,development R6293 T10236 T10237 det an,neuron R6294 T10237 T10235 pobj neuron,of R6295 T10088 T10073 conj produce,make R6296 T10238 T10237 amod olfactory,neuron R6297 T10239 T10222 punct """, "",support" R6298 T10240 T10222 cc but,support R6299 T10089 T10090 det a,receptor R63 T365 T367 nummod 400,genes R630 T1522 T1523 punct [,12 R6300 T10241 T10242 mark that,fail R6301 T10242 T10222 conj fail,support R6302 T10243 T10244 npadvmod pseudogene,expressing R6303 T10244 T10246 amod expressing,neurons R6304 T10245 T10244 punct -,expressing R6305 T10246 T10242 nsubj neurons,fail R6306 T10090 T10088 dobj receptor,produce R6307 T10247 T10248 aux to,converge R6308 T10248 T10242 xcomp converge,fail R6309 T10249 T10248 prep on,converge R631 T1523 T1521 parataxis 12,notochord R6310 T10091 T10090 amod functional,receptor R6311 T10250 T10251 det a,glomerulus R6312 T10251 T10249 pobj glomerulus,on R6313 T10252 T10248 prep in,converge R6314 T10092 T10090 amod olfactory,receptor R6315 T10253 T10254 det the,bulb R6316 T10254 T10252 pobj bulb,in R6317 T10093 T10073 punct .,make R6318 T10255 T10254 amod olfactory,bulb R6319 T10256 T10257 punct [,45 R632 T1524 T1523 punct ],12 R6320 T10095 T10096 advmod Alternatively,ensure R6321 T10257 T10215 parataxis 45,shown R6322 T10258 T10257 punct ],45 R6323 T10259 T10215 punct .,shown R6324 T10097 T10096 punct """, "",ensure" R6325 T10261 T10262 prep By,is R6326 T10263 T10261 pobj analogy,By R6327 T10264 T10263 prep with,analogy R6328 T10098 T10099 det the,regulation R6329 T10265 T10266 det an,mutant R633 T1525 T1521 cc and,notochord R6330 T10099 T10096 nsubj regulation,ensure R6331 T10100 T10099 amod unusual,regulation R6332 T10101 T10099 amod transcriptional,regulation R6333 T10102 T10099 prep of,regulation R6334 T10103 T10104 amod olfactory,receptors R6335 T10104 T10102 pobj receptors,of R6336 T10266 T10264 pobj mutant,with R6337 T10105 T10096 aux might,ensure R6338 T10267 T10268 amod olfactory,receptor R6339 T10268 T10269 compound receptor,deletion R634 T1526 T1527 advmod perhaps,tissues R6340 T10106 T10107 mark that,expressed R6341 T10269 T10266 compound deletion,mutant R6342 T10270 T10271 punct [,45 R6343 T10107 T10096 ccomp expressed,ensure R6344 T10271 T10263 parataxis 45,analogy R6345 T10272 T10271 punct ],45 R6346 T10273 T10262 punct """, "",is" R6347 T10108 T10109 advmod only,isoform R6348 T10274 T10262 nsubj it,is R6349 T10275 T10262 acomp likely,is R635 T1527 T1521 conj tissues,notochord R6350 T10109 T10107 nsubjpass isoform,expressed R6351 T10276 T10277 mark that,die R6352 T10277 T10262 ccomp die,is R6353 T10278 T10279 amod most,neurons R6354 T10110 T10109 nummod one,isoform R6355 T10279 T10277 nsubj neurons,die R6356 T10280 T10281 npadvmod pseudogene,expressing R6357 T10281 T10279 amod expressing,neurons R6358 T10282 T10281 punct -,expressing R6359 T10283 T10277 cc or,die R636 T1528 T1527 amod other,tissues R6360 T10111 T10109 compound splice,isoform R6361 T10284 T10277 conj switch,die R6362 T10285 T10286 aux to,express R6363 T10286 T10284 advcl express,switch R6364 T10287 T10288 det a,gene R6365 T10112 T10107 auxpass is,expressed R6366 T10288 T10286 dobj gene,express R6367 T10289 T10288 amod different,gene R6368 T10113 T10107 prep per,expressed R6369 T10290 T10291 amod olfactory,receptor R637 T1529 T1484 punct .,appears R6370 T10291 T10288 compound receptor,gene R6371 T10292 T10277 punct """, "",die" R6372 T10293 T10277 advcl leaving,die R6373 T10114 T10113 pobj cell,per R6374 T10294 T10295 det a,number R6375 T10295 T10293 dobj number,leaving R6376 T10115 T10116 punct (,unlikely R6377 T10296 T10295 amod small,number R6378 T10297 T10295 prep of,number R6379 T10298 T10299 npadvmod pseudogene,expressing R638 T1531 T1532 nsubj Expression,led R6380 T10116 T10107 parataxis unlikely,expressed R6381 T10299 T10301 amod expressing,neurons R6382 T10300 T10299 punct -,expressing R6383 T10117 T10116 punct """, "",unlikely" R6384 T10118 T10116 cc but,unlikely R6385 T10119 T10116 conj possible,unlikely R6386 T10301 T10297 pobj neurons,of R6387 T10120 T10121 mark if,operates R6388 T10302 T10293 prep in,leaving R6389 T10303 T10304 amod adult,mice R639 T1533 T1531 prep in,Expression R6390 T10121 T10116 advcl operates,unlikely R6391 T10304 T10302 pobj mice,in R6392 T10305 T10293 punct """, "",leaving" R6393 T10122 T10123 det an,mechanism R6394 T10306 T10307 cc but,at R6395 T10307 T10293 prep at,leaving R6396 T10308 T10309 advmod greatly,reduced R6397 T10123 T10121 nsubj mechanism,operates R6398 T10309 T10310 amod reduced,levels R6399 T10310 T10307 pobj levels,at R64 T366 T365 quantmod than,400 R640 T1534 T1535 det the,testis R6400 T10311 T10310 prep compared,levels R6401 T10124 T10125 npadvmod RNA,based R6402 T10312 T10311 prep to,compared R6403 T10313 T10312 pobj neurons,to R6404 T10314 T10313 acl expressing,neurons R6405 T10125 T10123 amod based,mechanism R6406 T10315 T10316 amod intact,receptors R6407 T10316 T10314 dobj receptors,expressing R6408 T10317 T10316 amod olfactory,receptors R6409 T10318 T10262 punct .,is R641 T1535 T1533 pobj testis,in R6410 T10126 T10125 punct -,based R6411 T10127 T10123 compound feedback,mechanism R6412 T10128 T10116 punct ),unlikely R6413 T10129 T10107 punct """, "",expressed" R6414 T10130 T10131 advmod thus,condemning R6415 T10131 T10107 advcl condemning,expressed R6416 T10132 T10133 nsubj cells,be R6417 T10133 T10131 ccomp be,condemning R6418 T10134 T10132 acl expressing,cells R6419 T10135 T10136 det these,isoforms R642 T1536 T1532 aux has,led R6420 T10136 T10134 dobj isoforms,expressing R6421 T10137 T10136 amod aberrant,isoforms R6422 T10138 T10133 aux to,be R6423 T10139 T10133 acomp dysfunctional,be R6424 T10140 T10096 punct .,ensure R6425 T10142 T10143 nsubj We,observe R6426 T10144 T10143 advmod also,observe R6427 T10145 T10143 dobj transcripts,observe R6428 T10146 T10145 prep from,transcripts R6429 T10147 T10148 det a,number R643 T1537 T1538 det some,investigators R6430 T10148 T10146 pobj number,from R6431 T10149 T10148 amod small,number R6432 T10150 T10148 prep of,number R6433 T10151 T10152 amod olfactory,receptor R6434 T10152 T10153 compound receptor,pseudogenes R6435 T10153 T10150 pobj pseudogenes,of R6436 T10154 T10143 punct """, "",observe" R6437 T10155 T10156 mark as,described R6438 T10156 T10143 advcl described,observe R6439 T10157 T10156 advmod previously,described R644 T1538 T1532 dobj investigators,led R6440 T10158 T10156 prep for,described R6441 T10159 T10160 nummod three,pseudogenes R6442 T10408 T10409 poss Our,study R6443 T10409 T10410 nsubj study,provided R6444 T10411 T10410 aux has,provided R6445 T10412 T10413 det an,resource R6446 T10413 T10410 dobj resource,provided R6447 T10414 T10415 amod olfactory,receptor R6448 T10415 T10416 compound receptor,cDNA R6449 T10416 T10413 compound cDNA,resource R645 T1539 T1540 aux to,suggest R6450 T10417 T10413 acl representing,resource R6451 T10418 T10419 quantmod over,one R6452 T10419 T10417 dobj one,representing R6453 T10420 T10419 punct -,one R6454 T10421 T10419 amod third,one R6455 T10422 T10419 prep of,one R6456 T10423 T10424 det the,family R6457 T10424 T10422 pobj family,of R6458 T10425 T10426 amod olfactory,receptor R6459 T10426 T10427 compound receptor,gene R646 T1540 T1532 xcomp suggest,led R6460 T10427 T10424 compound gene,family R6461 T10428 T10410 punct .,provided R6462 T10430 T10431 nsubj We,established R6463 T10432 T10431 aux have,established R6464 T10433 T10431 advmod thus,established R6465 T10434 T10435 quantmod over,400 R6466 T10435 T10436 nummod 400,genes R6467 T10436 T10431 dobj genes,established R6468 T10437 T10436 amod annotated,genes R6469 T10438 T10439 amod olfactory,receptor R647 T1541 T1542 mark that,function R6470 T10439 T10436 compound receptor,genes R6471 T10440 T10431 prep as,established R6472 T10441 T10440 pcomp having,as R6473 T10442 T10443 amod olfactory,function R6474 T10443 T10441 dobj function,having R6475 T10444 T10431 punct .,established R6476 T10446 T10447 det The,sequences R6477 T10447 T10448 nsubj sequences,demonstrate R6478 T10449 T10450 nsubj we,generated R6479 T10450 T10447 advcl generated,sequences R648 T1542 T1540 ccomp function,suggest R6480 T10451 T10452 mark that,has R6481 T10452 T10448 ccomp has,demonstrate R6482 T10453 T10454 det the,majority R6483 T10454 T10452 nsubj majority,has R6484 T10455 T10454 prep of,majority R6485 T10456 T10457 det the,family R6486 T10457 T10455 pobj family,of R6487 T10458 T10459 amod olfactory,receptor R6488 T10459 T10460 compound receptor,gene R6489 T10460 T10457 compound gene,family R649 T1543 T1544 det a,subset R6490 T10461 T10462 amod multiple,isoforms R6491 T10462 T10452 dobj isoforms,has R6492 T10463 T10462 amod transcriptional,isoforms R6493 T10464 T10448 punct .,demonstrate R6494 T10466 T10467 advmod Most,transcripts R6495 T10467 T10470 nsubj transcripts,encode R6496 T10468 T10469 amod olfactory,receptor R6497 T10469 T10467 compound receptor,transcripts R6498 T10471 T10472 amod functional,proteins R6499 T10472 T10470 dobj proteins,encode R65 T367 T363 dobj genes,representing R650 T1544 T1542 nsubj subset,function R6500 T10473 T10472 compound receptor,proteins R6501 T10474 T10470 punct """, "",encode" R6502 T10475 T10470 prep with,encode R6503 T10476 T10477 amod rare,exceptions R6504 T10477 T10475 pobj exceptions,with R6505 T10478 T10470 punct .,encode R6506 T10480 T10481 nsubj We,show R6507 T10482 T10483 mark that,have R6508 T10483 T10481 ccomp have,show R6509 T10484 T10485 amod individual,genes R651 T1545 T1544 prep of,subset R6510 T10485 T10483 nsubj genes,have R6511 T10486 T10487 amod olfactory,receptor R6512 T10487 T10485 compound receptor,genes R6513 T10488 T10483 aux can,have R6514 T10489 T10490 advmod vastly,different R6515 T10490 T10491 amod different,levels R6516 T10491 T10483 dobj levels,have R6517 T10492 T10491 compound expression,levels R6518 T10493 T10481 punct """, "",show" R6519 T10494 T10495 det an,finding R652 T1546 T1547 amod olfactory,receptors R6520 T10495 T10481 npadvmod finding,show R6521 T10496 T10495 amod intriguing,finding R6522 T10497 T10495 prep in,finding R6523 T10498 T10497 pobj light,in R6524 T10499 T10498 prep of,light R6525 T10500 T10501 det the,regime R6526 T10501 T10499 pobj regime,of R6527 T10502 T10501 amod unusual,regime R6528 T10503 T10504 nummod one,neuron R6529 T10504 T10501 nmod neuron,regime R653 T1547 T1545 pobj receptors,of R6530 T10505 T10504 punct -,neuron R6531 T10506 T10507 nummod one,gene R6532 T10507 T10504 appos gene,neuron R6533 T10508 T10507 punct -,gene R6534 T10509 T10501 amod transcriptional,regime R6535 T10510 T10501 prep of,regime R6536 T10511 T10512 det the,epithelium R6537 T10512 T10510 pobj epithelium,of R6538 T10513 T10512 amod olfactory,epithelium R6539 T10514 T10481 punct .,show R654 T1548 T1542 aux may,function R6540 T10516 T10517 poss Our,results R6541 T10517 T10518 nsubj results,facilitate R6542 T10519 T10517 cc and,results R6543 T10520 T10521 det the,sequences R6544 T10521 T10517 conj sequences,results R6545 T10522 T10523 nsubj we,provide R6546 T10523 T10521 advcl provide,sequences R6547 T10524 T10518 aux will,facilitate R6548 T10525 T10526 amod future,studies R6549 T10526 T10518 dobj studies,facilitate R655 T1549 T1542 prep as,function R6550 T10527 T10526 amod global,studies R6551 T10528 T10526 prep of,studies R6552 T10529 T10530 det the,mechanisms R6553 T10530 T10528 pobj mechanisms,of R6554 T10531 T10530 cc and,mechanisms R6555 T10532 T10530 conj dynamics,mechanisms R6556 T10533 T10530 prep of,mechanisms R6557 T10534 T10535 amod olfactory,receptor R6558 T10535 T10536 compound receptor,gene R6559 T10536 T10537 compound gene,expression R656 T1550 T1551 amod spermatid,chemoreceptors R6560 T10537 T10533 pobj expression,of R6561 T10538 T10518 punct .,facilitate R6562 T10658 T10657 prep of,Identification R6563 T10659 T10660 amod olfactory,receptor R6564 T10660 T10661 compound receptor,cDNAs R6565 T10661 T10658 pobj cDNAs,of R6566 T10663 T10664 det An,library R6567 T10664 T10668 nsubjpass library,provided R6568 T10665 T10666 amod adult,mouse R6569 T10666 T10667 compound mouse,cDNA R657 T1551 T1549 pobj chemoreceptors,as R6570 T10667 T10664 compound cDNA,library R6571 T10669 T10664 acl made,library R6572 T10670 T10669 prep from,made R6573 T10671 T10672 det the,epithelium R6574 T10672 T10670 pobj epithelium,from R6575 T10673 T10672 amod olfactory,epithelium R6576 T10674 T10672 prep of,epithelium R6577 T10675 T10676 det a,animal R6578 T10676 T10674 pobj animal,of R6579 T10677 T10676 amod single,animal R658 T1552 T1553 punct [,8 R6580 T10678 T10668 auxpass was,provided R6581 T10679 T10668 agent by,provided R6582 T10680 T10681 compound Leslie,Vosshall R6583 T10681 T10679 pobj Vosshall,by R6584 T10682 T10683 punct (,University R6585 T10683 T10681 parataxis University,Vosshall R6586 T10684 T10683 compound Rockefeller,University R6587 T10685 T10683 punct """, "",University" R6588 T10686 T10687 compound New,York R6589 T10687 T10683 npadvmod York,University R659 T1553 T1540 parataxis 8,suggest R6590 T10688 T10683 punct """, "",University" R6591 T10689 T10683 npadvmod NY,University R6592 T10690 T10683 punct """, "",University" R6593 T10691 T10683 npadvmod USA,University R6594 T10692 T10683 punct ),University R6595 T10693 T10668 punct """, "",provided" R6596 T10694 T10668 cc and,provided R6597 T10695 T10696 det an,library R6598 T10696 T10698 nsubjpass library,provided R6599 T10697 T10696 amod embryonic,library R66 T368 T356 punct .,identified R660 T1554 T1553 punct ],8 R6600 T10698 T10668 conj provided,provided R6601 T10699 T10696 punct (,library R6602 T10700 T10696 acl made,library R6603 T10701 T10700 prep from,made R6604 T10702 T10703 det the,epithelia R6605 T10703 T10701 pobj epithelia,from R6606 T10704 T10703 amod olfactory,epithelia R6607 T10705 T10703 prep of,epithelia R6608 T10706 T10707 amod several,embryos R6609 T10707 T10705 pobj embryos,of R661 T1555 T1532 punct .,led R6610 T10708 T10709 compound E16.5,E18.5 R6611 T10709 T10707 compound E18.5,embryos R6612 T10710 T10709 punct -,E18.5 R6613 T10711 T10698 punct ),provided R6614 T10712 T10698 auxpass was,provided R6615 T10713 T10698 agent by,provided R6616 T10714 T10715 compound Tyler,Cutforth R6617 T10715 T10713 pobj Cutforth,by R6618 T10716 T10717 punct (,University R6619 T10717 T10715 parataxis University,Cutforth R662 T1557 T1558 amod Recent,studies R6620 T10718 T10717 compound Columbia,University R6621 T10719 T10717 punct """, "",University" R6622 T10720 T10721 compound New,York R6623 T10721 T10717 npadvmod York,University R6624 T10722 T10717 punct """, "",University" R6625 T10723 T10717 npadvmod NY,University R6626 T10724 T10717 punct """, "",University" R6627 T10725 T10717 npadvmod USA,University R6628 T10726 T10717 punct ),University R6629 T10727 T10698 punct .,provided R663 T1558 T1559 nsubj studies,indicate R6630 T10729 T10730 det Both,libraries R6631 T10730 T10731 nsubjpass libraries,primed R6632 T10732 T10731 auxpass were,primed R6633 T10733 T10731 dep oligo,primed R6634 T10734 T10731 punct -,primed R6635 T10735 T10731 dep dT,primed R6636 T10736 T10731 cc and,primed R6637 T10737 T10738 advmod directionally,cloned R6638 T10738 T10731 conj cloned,primed R6639 T10739 T10738 prep into,cloned R664 T1560 T1558 prep of,studies R6640 T10740 T10741 det the,vector R6641 T10741 T10739 pobj vector,into R6642 T10742 T10743 compound lambdaZAP,XR R6643 T10743 T10741 compound XR,vector R6644 T10744 T10743 punct -,XR R6645 T10745 T10746 punct (,Stratagene R6646 T10746 T10741 parataxis Stratagene,vector R6647 T10747 T10746 punct """, "",Stratagene" R6648 T10748 T10749 compound La,Jolla R6649 T10749 T10746 npadvmod Jolla,Stratagene R665 T1561 T1562 nummod one,receptor R6650 T10750 T10746 punct """, "",Stratagene" R6651 T10751 T10746 npadvmod CA,Stratagene R6652 T10752 T10746 punct """, "",Stratagene" R6653 T10753 T10746 npadvmod USA,Stratagene R6654 T10754 T10746 punct ),Stratagene R6655 T10755 T10731 punct .,primed R6656 T10757 T10758 det The,library R6657 T10758 T10760 nsubj library,has R6658 T10759 T10758 amod adult,library R6659 T10761 T10762 det a,complexity R666 T1562 T1560 pobj receptor,of R6660 T10762 T10760 dobj complexity,has R6661 T10763 T10762 prep of,complexity R6662 T10764 T10765 quantmod 6.5,106 R6663 T10765 T10767 nummod 106,clones R6664 T10766 T10765 punct ×,106 R6665 T10767 T10763 pobj clones,of R6666 T10768 T10767 amod primary,clones R6667 T10769 T10760 punct """, "",has" R6668 T10770 T10760 cc and,has R6669 T10771 T10772 det the,library R667 T1563 T1562 amod human,receptor R6670 T10772 T10774 nsubj library,has R6671 T10773 T10772 amod embryonic,library R6672 T10774 T10760 conj has,has R6673 T10775 T10776 det a,complexity R6674 T10776 T10774 dobj complexity,has R6675 T10777 T10776 prep of,complexity R6676 T10778 T10779 quantmod 1.65,106 R6677 T10779 T10777 pobj 106,of R6678 T10780 T10779 punct ×,106 R6679 T10781 T10774 punct .,has R668 T1564 T1565 npadvmod testis,expressed R6680 T10783 T10784 nsubjpass Libraries,amplified R6681 T10785 T10784 auxpass were,amplified R6682 T10786 T10787 aux to,give R6683 T10787 T10784 advcl give,amplified R6684 T10788 T10787 dobj titers,give R6685 T10789 T10788 prep of,titers R6686 T10790 T10791 quantmod 5,109 R6687 T10791 T10793 nummod 109,pfu R6688 T10792 T10791 punct ×,109 R6689 T10793 T10789 pobj pfu,of R669 T1565 T1562 amod expressed,receptor R6690 T10794 T10795 punct /,ml R6691 T10795 T10793 prep ml,pfu R6692 T10796 T10797 punct (,adult R6693 T10797 T10793 parataxis adult,pfu R6694 T10798 T10797 punct ),adult R6695 T10799 T10793 cc or,pfu R6696 T10800 T10801 quantmod 2,1010 R6697 T10801 T10803 nummod 1010,pfu R6698 T10802 T10801 punct ×,1010 R6699 T10803 T10793 conj pfu,pfu R67 T370 T371 advcl Using,find R670 T1566 T1565 punct -,expressed R6700 T10804 T10805 punct /,ml R6701 T10805 T10803 prep ml,pfu R6702 T10806 T10807 punct (,embryonic R6703 T10807 T10803 parataxis embryonic,pfu R6704 T10808 T10807 punct ),embryonic R6705 T10809 T10784 punct .,amplified R6706 T10811 T10812 compound Hybridization,probes R6707 T10812 T10813 nsubjpass probes,made R6708 T10814 T10813 auxpass were,made R6709 T10815 T10813 prep by,made R671 T1567 T1562 amod olfactory,receptor R6710 T10816 T10817 amod degenerate,PCR R6711 T10817 T10815 pobj PCR,by R6712 T10818 T10817 prep of,PCR R6713 T10819 T10820 nmod mouse,DNA R6714 T10820 T10818 pobj DNA,of R6715 T10821 T10820 amod genomic,DNA R6716 T10822 T10813 punct """, "",made" R6717 T10823 T10813 prep in,made R6718 T10824 T10825 det a,fashion R6719 T10825 T10823 pobj fashion,in R672 T1568 T1569 mark that,function R6720 T10826 T10825 amod similar,fashion R6721 T10827 T10825 prep to,fashion R6722 T10828 T10827 pobj those,to R6723 T10829 T10828 acl described,those R6724 T10830 T10829 advmod previously,described R6725 T10831 T10832 punct [,1 R6726 T10832 T10829 parataxis 1,described R6727 T10833 T10832 punct ],1 R6728 T10834 T10813 punct """, "",made" R6729 T10835 T10836 mark with,given R673 T1569 T1559 ccomp function,indicate R6730 T10836 T10813 advcl given,made R6731 T10837 T10838 compound primer,pairs R6732 T10838 T10836 nsubj pairs,given R6733 T10839 T10838 cc and,pairs R6734 T10840 T10841 amod annealing,temperatures R6735 T10841 T10838 conj temperatures,pairs R6736 T10842 T10836 prep in,given R6737 T10843 T10842 pobj Table,in R6738 T10844 T10843 nummod 2,Table R6739 T10845 T10813 punct .,made R674 T1570 T1569 nsubj it,function R6740 T10847 T10848 amod Low,stringency R6741 T10848 T10850 compound stringency,conditions R6742 T10849 T10848 punct -,stringency R6743 T10850 T10852 nsubj conditions,were R6744 T10851 T10850 compound hybridization,conditions R6745 T10853 T10854 mark as,described R6746 T10854 T10852 advcl described,were R6747 T10855 T10856 punct [,1 R6748 T10856 T10854 parataxis 1,described R6749 T10857 T10856 punct ],1 R675 T1571 T1569 aux does,function R6750 T10858 T10852 punct .,were R6751 T10860 T10861 advmod Clonally,pure R6752 T10861 T10863 amod pure,plaques R6753 T10862 T10861 punct -,pure R6754 T10863 T10864 nsubjpass plaques,obtained R6755 T10865 T10864 auxpass were,obtained R6756 T10866 T10864 prep through,obtained R6757 T10867 T10868 amod secondary,screens R6758 T10868 T10866 pobj screens,through R6759 T10869 T10864 advcl using,obtained R676 T1572 T1569 advmod indeed,function R6760 T10870 T10871 det the,probe R6761 T10871 T10869 dobj probe,using R6762 T10872 T10871 amod same,probe R6763 T10873 T10871 prep as,probe R6764 T10874 T10875 det the,screen R6765 T10875 T10873 pobj screen,as R6766 T10876 T10875 amod corresponding,screen R6767 T10877 T10875 amod primary,screen R6768 T10878 T10864 punct .,obtained R6769 T10880 T10881 nsubjpass PCR,performed R677 T1573 T1569 prep in,function R6770 T10882 T10880 prep with,PCR R6771 T10883 T10884 compound vector,primers R6772 T10884 T10882 pobj primers,with R6773 T10885 T10886 punct (,R R6774 T10886 T10880 parataxis R,PCR R6775 T10887 T10886 compound M13F,R R6776 T10888 T10886 punct /,R R6777 T10889 T10886 punct ),R R6778 T10890 T10881 auxpass was,performed R6779 T10891 T10892 aux to,prepare R678 T1574 T1575 compound sperm,chemotaxis R6780 T10892 T10881 advcl prepare,performed R6781 T10893 T10894 compound sequencing,templates R6782 T10894 T10892 dobj templates,prepare R6783 T10895 T10881 punct .,performed R6784 T10897 T10898 compound cDNA,size R6785 T10898 T10899 compound size,estimates R6786 T10899 T10900 nsubjpass estimates,obtained R6787 T10901 T10900 auxpass were,obtained R6788 T10902 T10900 prep by,obtained R6789 T10903 T10904 compound agarose,gel R679 T1575 T1573 pobj chemotaxis,in R6790 T10904 T10905 compound gel,electrophoresis R6791 T10905 T10902 pobj electrophoresis,by R6792 T10906 T10900 punct """, "",obtained" R6793 T10907 T10900 cc and,obtained R6794 T10908 T10909 nsubjpass inserts,sequenced R6795 T10909 T10900 conj sequenced,obtained R6796 T10910 T10909 auxpass were,sequenced R6797 T10911 T10909 prep from,sequenced R6798 T10912 T10913 det the,end R6799 T10913 T10911 pobj end,from R68 T372 T373 amod real,time R680 T1576 T1577 punct [,13 R6800 T10914 T10913 nummod 5,end R6801 T10915 T10914 punct ',5 R6802 T10916 T10909 advcl using,sequenced R6803 T10917 T10918 det the,primer R6804 T10918 T10916 dobj primer,using R6805 T10919 T10918 compound M13R,primer R6806 T10920 T10918 cc and,primer R6807 T10921 T10922 amod big,dye R6808 T10922 T10924 compound dye,chemistry R6809 T10923 T10922 punct -,dye R681 T1577 T1559 parataxis 13,indicate R6810 T10924 T10918 conj chemistry,primer R6811 T10925 T10924 compound terminator,chemistry R6812 T10926 T10916 prep according,using R6813 T10927 T10926 prep to,according R6814 T10928 T10929 poss ABI,protocols R6815 T10929 T10927 pobj protocols,to R6816 T10930 T10928 case 's,ABI R6817 T10931 T10932 punct (,Biosystems R6818 T10932 T10929 parataxis Biosystems,protocols R6819 T10933 T10932 compound Applied,Biosystems R682 T1578 T1577 punct ],13 R6820 T10934 T10932 punct """, "",Biosystems" R6821 T10935 T10936 compound Foster,City R6822 T10936 T10932 npadvmod City,Biosystems R6823 T10937 T10932 punct """, "",Biosystems" R6824 T10938 T10932 npadvmod CA,Biosystems R6825 T10939 T10932 punct """, "",Biosystems" R6826 T10940 T10932 npadvmod USA,Biosystems R6827 T10941 T10932 punct ),Biosystems R6828 T10942 T10909 punct .,sequenced R6829 T10944 T10945 prep In,converted R683 T1579 T1559 punct .,indicate R6830 T10946 T10944 pobj order,In R6831 T10947 T10948 aux to,obtain R6832 T10948 T10946 acl obtain,order R6833 T10949 T10950 nummod 3,sequence R6834 T10950 T10948 dobj sequence,obtain R6835 T10951 T10949 punct ',3 R6836 T10952 T10945 punct """, "",converted" R6837 T10953 T10954 amod selected,clones R6838 T10954 T10945 nsubjpass clones,converted R6839 T10955 T10954 compound phage,clones R684 T1581 T1582 prep Due,embarked R6840 T10956 T10945 auxpass were,converted R6841 T10957 T10945 prep to,converted R6842 T10958 T10959 compound plasmid,stocks R6843 T10959 T10957 pobj stocks,to R6844 T10960 T10945 prep following,converted R6845 T10961 T10962 det a,version R6846 T10962 T10960 pobj version,following R6847 T10963 T10962 amod scaled,version R6848 T10964 T10963 punct -,scaled R6849 T10965 T10963 prt down,scaled R685 T1583 T1581 pcomp to,Due R6850 T10966 T10962 prep of,version R6851 T10967 T10968 poss Stratagene,protocol R6852 T10968 T10966 pobj protocol,of R6853 T10969 T10967 case 's,Stratagene R6854 T10970 T10971 advmod in,vivo R6855 T10971 T10968 amod vivo,protocol R6856 T10972 T10968 compound excision,protocol R6857 T10973 T10945 punct .,converted R6858 T10975 T10976 compound Plasmid,DNA R6859 T10976 T10977 nsubj DNA,gave R686 T1584 T1585 det the,paucity R6860 T10978 T10979 amod better,sequence R6861 T10979 T10977 dobj sequence,gave R6862 T10980 T10981 nummod 3,end R6863 T10981 T10979 compound end,sequence R6864 T10982 T10980 punct ',3 R6865 T10983 T10981 punct -,end R6866 T10984 T10979 prep than,sequence R6867 T10985 T10986 compound PCR,products R6868 T10986 T10984 pobj products,than R6869 T10987 T10986 punct """, "",products" R687 T1585 T1581 pobj paucity,Due R6870 T10988 T10989 dep which,suffered R6871 T10989 T10986 relcl suffered,products R6872 T10990 T10989 advmod often,suffered R6873 T10991 T10989 prep from,suffered R6874 T10992 T10991 pobj polymerase,from R6875 T10993 T10992 amod stuttering,polymerase R6876 T10994 T10989 prep through,suffered R6877 T10995 T10996 det the,tract R6878 T10996 T10994 pobj tract,through R6879 T10997 T10996 nmod poly,tract R688 T1586 T1585 prep of,paucity R6880 T10998 T10997 punct (,poly R6881 T10999 T10997 appos A,poly R6882 T11000 T10996 punct ),tract R6883 T11001 T10977 punct .,gave R6884 T11003 T11004 compound cDNA,sequences R6885 T11004 T11005 nsubj sequences,are R6886 T11006 T11004 cc and,sequences R6887 T11007 T11008 amod associated,information R6888 T11008 T11004 conj information,sequences R6889 T11009 T11005 acomp available,are R689 T1587 T1588 amod experimental,evidence R6890 T11010 T11005 prep through,are R6891 T11011 T11010 pobj dbEST,through R6892 T11012 T11013 punct (,CB172832 R6893 T11013 T11011 parataxis CB172832,dbEST R6894 T11014 T11013 compound Genbank,CB172832 R6895 T11015 T11013 compound accessions,CB172832 R6896 T11016 T11017 punct -,CB174569 R6897 T11017 T11013 prep CB174569,CB172832 R6898 T11018 T11013 punct ),CB172832 R6899 T11019 T11011 cc and,dbEST R69 T373 T375 compound time,PCR R690 T1588 T1586 pobj evidence,of R6900 T11020 T11021 poss our,database R6901 T11021 T11011 conj database,dbEST R6902 T11022 T11023 amod olfactory,receptor R6903 T11023 T11021 compound receptor,database R6904 T11024 T11025 punct [,46 R6905 T11025 T11005 parataxis 46,are R6906 T11026 T11025 punct ],46 R6907 T11027 T11005 punct .,are R6908 T11029 T11030 det The,catalog R6909 T11030 T11035 nsubj catalog,is R691 T1589 T1588 prep of,evidence R6910 T11031 T11030 amod updated,catalog R6911 T11032 T11033 amod olfactory,receptor R6912 T11033 T11034 compound receptor,gene R6913 T11034 T11030 compound gene,catalog R6914 T11036 T11035 acomp available,is R6915 T11037 T11035 prep through,is R6916 T11038 T11037 pobj Genbank,through R6917 T11039 T11040 punct (,AY317244 R6918 T11040 T11038 parataxis AY317244,Genbank R6919 T11041 T11040 compound accessions,AY317244 R692 T1590 T1591 det the,function R6920 T11042 T11043 punct -,AY318733 R6921 T11043 T11040 prep AY318733,AY317244 R6922 T11044 T11040 punct ),AY317244 R6923 T11045 T11035 punct .,is R6924 T11047 T11048 prep Throughout,referred R6925 T11049 T11050 det the,manuscript R6926 T11050 T11047 pobj manuscript,Throughout R6927 T11051 T11048 punct """, "",referred" R6928 T11052 T11048 nsubjpass genes,referred R6929 T11053 T11048 auxpass are,referred R693 T1591 T1589 pobj function,of R6930 T11054 T11048 prep to,referred R6931 T11055 T11048 prep by,referred R6932 T11056 T11057 poss their,numbers R6933 T11057 T11055 pobj numbers,by R6934 T11058 T11057 compound Genbank,numbers R6935 T11059 T11057 compound accession,numbers R6936 T11060 T11048 punct .,referred R6937 T11276 T11277 compound Sequence,analysis R6938 T11279 T11280 compound cDNA,sequences R6939 T11280 T11281 nsubj sequences,called R694 T1592 T1591 amod olfactory,function R6940 T11282 T11281 aux were,called R6941 T11283 T11281 dep base,called R6942 T11284 T11281 punct -,called R6943 T11285 T11281 cc and,called R6944 T11286 T11287 dep quality,trimmed R6945 T11287 T11281 conj trimmed,called R6946 T11288 T11287 punct -,trimmed R6947 T11289 T11281 advcl using,called R6948 T11290 T11289 dobj phred,using R6949 T11291 T11292 punct (,0.05 R695 T1593 T1591 prep of,function R6950 T11292 T11281 parataxis 0.05,called R6951 T11293 T11292 nsubj trim_cutoff,0.05 R6952 T11294 T11292 punct =,0.05 R6953 T11295 T11292 punct ),0.05 R6954 T11296 T11297 punct [,47 R6955 T11297 T11281 parataxis 47,called R6956 T11298 T11297 punct ],47 R6957 T11299 T11281 punct """, "",called" R6958 T11300 T11281 cc and,called R6959 T11301 T11302 compound vector,sequences R696 T1594 T1595 amod most,genes R6960 T11302 T11303 nsubjpass sequences,removed R6961 T11303 T11281 conj removed,called R6962 T11304 T11303 auxpass were,removed R6963 T11305 T11303 advcl using,removed R6964 T11306 T11305 dobj cross_match,using R6965 T11307 T11308 punct [,48 R6966 T11308 T11303 parataxis 48,removed R6967 T11309 T11308 punct ],48 R6968 T11310 T11303 punct .,removed R6969 T11312 T11313 det Any,sequences R697 T1595 T1593 pobj genes,of R6970 T11313 T11314 nsubjpass sequences,discarded R6971 T11315 T11313 prep of,sequences R6972 T11316 T11317 amod less,50 R6973 T11317 T11319 nummod 50,bp R6974 T11318 T11317 quantmod than,50 R6975 T11319 T11315 pobj bp,of R6976 T11320 T11319 prep after,bp R6977 T11321 T11320 pobj trimming,after R6978 T11322 T11314 auxpass were,discarded R6979 T11323 T11314 punct .,discarded R698 T1596 T1595 prep in,genes R6980 T11325 T11326 nummod 3,UTR R6981 T11326 T11328 compound UTR,lengths R6982 T11327 T11325 punct ',3 R6983 T11328 T11329 nsubjpass lengths,estimated R6984 T11330 T11329 auxpass were,estimated R6985 T11331 T11329 prep by,estimated R6986 T11332 T11331 pcomp combining,by R6987 T11333 T11334 amod approximate,insert R6988 T11334 T11332 dobj insert,combining R6989 T11335 T11334 nmod sizes,insert R699 T1597 T1598 det the,family R6990 T11336 T11334 acl determined,insert R6991 T11337 T11336 prep by,determined R6992 T11338 T11337 pobj PCR,by R6993 T11339 T11338 prep with,PCR R6994 T11340 T11341 nummod 5,sequence R6995 T11341 T11343 compound sequence,data R6996 T11342 T11340 punct ',5 R6997 T11343 T11339 pobj data,with R6998 T11344 T11345 advmod where,possible R6999 T11345 T11336 advcl possible,determined R7 T303 T304 amod olfactory,function R70 T374 T373 punct -,time R700 T1598 T1596 pobj family,in R7000 T11346 T11347 punct (,estimate R7001 T11347 T11329 parataxis estimate,estimated R7002 T11348 T11349 mark if,extend R7003 T11349 T11347 advcl extend,estimate R7004 T11350 T11351 det the,sequence R7005 T11351 T11349 nsubj sequence,extend R7006 T11352 T11351 nummod 5,sequence R7007 T11353 T11352 punct ',5 R7008 T11354 T11349 aux did,extend R7009 T11355 T11349 neg not,extend R701 T1599 T1585 cc and,paucity R7010 T11356 T11349 prep into,extend R7011 T11357 T11358 det the,region R7012 T11358 T11356 pobj region,into R7013 T11359 T11358 amod coding,region R7014 T11360 T11347 nsubj we,estimate R7015 T11361 T11347 aux could,estimate R7016 T11362 T11347 neg not,estimate R7017 T11363 T11364 nummod 3,UTR R7018 T11364 T11366 compound UTR,size R7019 T11365 T11363 punct ',3 R702 T1600 T1585 conj suggestions,paucity R7020 T11366 T11347 dobj size,estimate R7021 T11367 T11347 punct ),estimate R7022 T11368 T11329 punct .,estimated R7023 T11370 T11371 nsubj We,counted R7024 T11371 T11372 ccomp counted,be R7025 T11373 T11371 dobj cDNAs,counted R7026 T11374 T11373 prep from,cDNAs R7027 T11375 T11376 det a,gene R7028 T11376 T11374 pobj gene,from R7029 T11377 T11376 amod given,gene R703 T1601 T1600 prep of,suggestions R7030 T11378 T11371 prep as,counted R7031 T11379 T11378 pcomp showing,as R7032 T11380 T11381 amod alternative,site R7033 T11381 T11383 compound site,usage R7034 T11382 T11381 compound polyadenylation,site R7035 T11383 T11379 dobj usage,showing R7036 T11384 T11385 mark if,varied R7037 T11385 T11371 advcl varied,counted R7038 T11386 T11387 nummod 3,UTR R7039 T11387 T11389 compound UTR,length R704 T1602 T1603 amod extra-olfactory,roles R7040 T11388 T11386 punct ',3 R7041 T11389 T11390 compound length,estimates R7042 T11390 T11385 nsubj estimates,varied R7043 T11391 T11385 prep by,varied R7044 T11392 T11393 advmod at,400 R7045 T11393 T11395 nummod 400,bp R7046 T11394 T11393 advmod least,400 R7047 T11395 T11391 pobj bp,by R7048 T11396 T11372 punct -,be R7049 T11397 T11398 amod smaller,variation R705 T1603 T1601 pobj roles,of R7050 T11398 T11372 nsubj variation,be R7051 T11399 T11372 aux could,be R7052 T11400 T11372 acomp real,be R7053 T11401 T11372 punct """, "",be" R7054 T11402 T11372 cc but,be R7055 T11403 T11404 aux may,be R7056 T11404 T11372 conj be,be R7057 T11405 T11404 neg not,be R7058 T11406 T11404 acomp distinguishable,be R7059 T11407 T11406 prep from,distinguishable R706 T1604 T1582 punct """, "",embarked" R7060 T11408 T11407 pobj error,from R7061 T11409 T11404 prep in,be R7062 T11410 T11411 poss our,estimates R7063 T11411 T11409 pobj estimates,in R7064 T11412 T11411 compound size,estimates R7065 T11413 T11372 punct .,be R7066 T11415 T11416 aux To,assign R7067 T11416 T11417 advcl assign,defined R7068 T11418 T11416 dobj cDNAs,assign R7069 T11419 T11416 prep to,assign R707 T1605 T1582 nsubj we,embarked R7070 T11420 T11421 poss their,genes R7071 T11421 T11419 pobj genes,to R7072 T11422 T11421 amod corresponding,genes R7073 T11423 T11424 amod olfactory,receptor R7074 T11424 T11421 compound receptor,genes R7075 T11425 T11417 punct """, "",defined" R7076 T11426 T11417 nsubj we,defined R7077 T11427 T11417 advmod first,defined R7078 T11428 T11429 det a,territory R7079 T11429 T11417 dobj territory,defined R708 T1606 T1582 prep on,embarked R7080 T11430 T11429 amod genomic,territory R7081 T11431 T11429 punct ',territory R7082 T11432 T11429 punct ',territory R7083 T11433 T11429 prep for,territory R7084 T11434 T11435 det each,gene R7085 T11435 T11433 pobj gene,for R7086 T11436 T11429 punct """, "",territory" R7087 T11437 T11429 prep with,territory R7088 T11438 T11439 det the,attributes R7089 T11439 T11437 pobj attributes,with R709 T1607 T1608 det an,project R7090 T11440 T11439 amod following,attributes R7091 T11441 T11439 punct : ,attributes R7092 T11442 T11439 appos strand,attributes R7093 T11443 T11442 punct """, "",strand" R7094 T11444 T11445 compound start,position R7095 T11445 T11442 conj position,strand R7096 T11446 T11447 punct (,is R7097 T11447 T11445 parataxis is,position R7098 T11448 T11449 nummod 100,kb R7099 T11449 T11450 npadvmod kb,upstream R71 T375 T370 dobj PCR,Using R710 T1608 T1606 pobj project,on R7100 T11450 T11447 advmod upstream,is R7101 T11451 T11450 prep of,upstream R7102 T11452 T11453 det the,codon R7103 T11453 T11451 pobj codon,of R7104 T11454 T11453 compound start,codon R7105 T11455 T11450 cc or,upstream R7106 T11456 T11457 nummod 1,kb R7107 T11457 T11458 npadvmod kb,after R7108 T11458 T11459 prep after,upstream R7109 T11459 T11450 conj upstream,upstream R711 T1609 T1610 amod olfactory,receptor R7110 T11460 T11461 det the,gene R7111 T11461 T11458 pobj gene,after R7112 T11462 T11461 amod previous,gene R7113 T11463 T11459 prep on,upstream R7114 T11464 T11465 det the,strand R7115 T11465 T11463 pobj strand,on R7116 T11466 T11465 amod same,strand R7117 T11467 T11447 punct """, "",is" R7118 T11468 T11447 dep whichever,is R7119 T11469 T11447 acomp closer,is R712 T1610 T1608 nmod receptor,project R7120 T11470 T11447 punct ),is R7121 T11471 T11445 cc and,position R7122 T11472 T11473 compound end,position R7123 T11473 T11445 conj position,position R7124 T11474 T11475 punct (,downstream R7125 T11475 T11473 parataxis downstream,position R7126 T11476 T11477 nummod 1,kb R7127 T11477 T11475 npadvmod kb,downstream R7128 T11478 T11475 prep of,downstream R7129 T11479 T11480 det the,codon R713 T1611 T1612 amod expressed,tag R7130 T11480 T11478 pobj codon,of R7131 T11481 T11480 compound stop,codon R7132 T11482 T11475 punct ),downstream R7133 T11483 T11417 punct .,defined R7134 T11485 T11486 amod Trimmed,sequences R7135 T11486 T11487 nsubjpass sequences,compared R7136 T11488 T11487 auxpass were,compared R7137 T11489 T11487 prep with,compared R7138 T11490 T11491 amod genomic,sequences R7139 T11491 T11489 pobj sequences,with R714 T1612 T1610 appos tag,receptor R7140 T11492 T11487 advcl using,compared R7141 T11493 T11492 dobj sim4,using R7142 T11494 T11495 punct [,30 R7143 T11495 T11487 parataxis 30,compared R7144 T11496 T11495 punct ],30 R7145 T11497 T11498 punct (,settings R7146 T11498 T11487 parataxis settings,compared R7147 T11499 T11500 nsubj P,1 R7148 T11500 T11498 dep 1,settings R7149 T11501 T11500 punct =,1 R715 T1613 T1612 compound sequence,tag R7150 T11502 T11503 aux to,remove R7151 T11503 T11500 advcl remove,1 R7152 T11504 T11505 compound polyA,tails R7153 T11505 T11503 dobj tails,remove R7154 T11506 T11500 cc and,1 R7155 T11507 T11508 nsubj N,1 R7156 T11508 T11510 ccomp 1,perform R7157 T11509 T11508 punct =,1 R7158 T11510 T11500 conj perform,1 R7159 T11511 T11510 aux to,perform R716 T1614 T1612 punct (,tag R7160 T11512 T11513 det an,search R7161 T11513 T11510 dobj search,perform R7162 T11514 T11513 amod intensive,search R7163 T11515 T11513 prep for,search R7164 T11516 T11517 amod small,exons R7165 T11517 T11515 pobj exons,for R7166 T11518 T11498 punct ),settings R7167 T11519 T11487 punct .,compared R7168 T11521 T11522 det The,algorithm R7169 T11522 T11524 nsubj algorithm,uses R717 T1615 T1612 appos EST,tag R7170 T11523 T11522 compound sim4,algorithm R7171 T11525 T11526 compound splice,site R7172 T11526 T11528 compound site,sequences R7173 T11527 T11526 punct -,site R7174 T11528 T11524 dobj sequences,uses R7175 T11529 T11528 compound consensus,sequences R7176 T11530 T11531 aux to,refine R7177 T11531 T11524 advcl refine,uses R7178 T11532 T11531 dep alignments,refine R7179 T11533 T11524 punct .,uses R718 T1616 T1608 punct ),project R7180 T11535 T11536 advmod Only,matches R7181 T11536 T11537 nsubjpass matches,considered R7182 T11538 T11536 prep of,matches R7183 T11539 T11540 nummod 96,% R7184 T11540 T11541 nmod %,identity R7185 T11541 T11538 pobj identity,of R7186 T11542 T11543 cc or,greater R7187 T11543 T11540 nummod greater,% R7188 T11544 T11541 compound nucleotide,identity R7189 T11545 T11537 auxpass were,considered R719 T1617 T1618 aux to,confirm R7190 T11546 T11537 punct .,considered R7191 T11548 T11549 amod RepeatMasked,sequences R7192 T11549 T11550 nsubjpass sequences,compared R7193 T11551 T11552 punct [,49 R7194 T11552 T11549 parataxis 49,sequences R7195 T11553 T11552 punct ],49 R7196 T11554 T11550 auxpass were,compared R7197 T11555 T11550 advmod also,compared R7198 T11556 T11550 prep to,compared R7199 T11557 T11558 amod genomic,sequences R72 T376 T377 aux to,confirm R720 T1618 T1582 advcl confirm,embarked R7200 T11558 T11556 pobj sequences,to R7201 T11559 T11550 punct ;,compared R7202 T11560 T11561 dep cDNA,rejected R7203 T11561 T11550 dep rejected,compared R7204 T11562 T11561 punct :,rejected R7205 T11563 T11564 amod genomic,sequence R7206 T11564 T11565 compound sequence,pairings R7207 T11565 T11561 nsubjpass pairings,rejected R7208 T11566 T11567 neg not,found R7209 T11567 T11565 acl found,pairings R721 T1619 T1620 amod olfactory,expression R7210 T11568 T11567 prep in,found R7211 T11569 T11570 preconj both,masked R7212 T11570 T11571 amod masked,alignments R7213 T11571 T11568 pobj alignments,in R7214 T11572 T11570 cc and,masked R7215 T11573 T11570 conj unmasked,masked R7216 T11574 T11561 auxpass were,rejected R7217 T11575 T11550 punct .,compared R7218 T11577 T11578 nsubjpass Coordinates,used R7219 T11579 T11577 prep from,Coordinates R722 T1620 T1618 dobj expression,confirm R7220 T11580 T11581 det the,alignment R7221 T11581 T11579 pobj alignment,from R7222 T11582 T11581 amod unmasked,alignment R7223 T11583 T11578 auxpass were,used R7224 T11584 T11578 prep for,used R7225 T11585 T11586 amod further,analysis R7226 T11586 T11584 pobj analysis,for R7227 T11587 T11578 punct .,used R7228 T11589 T11590 det Any,sequence R7229 T11590 T11592 nsubjpass sequence,assigned R723 T1621 T1620 amod epithelial,expression R7230 T11591 T11590 compound cDNA,sequence R7231 T11593 T11590 acl matching,sequence R7232 T11594 T11595 advmod entirely,within R7233 T11595 T11593 prep within,matching R7234 T11596 T11597 det a,territory R7235 T11597 T11595 pobj territory,within R7236 T11598 T11592 auxpass was,assigned R7237 T11599 T11592 prep to,assigned R7238 T11600 T11601 det that,gene R7239 T11601 T11599 pobj gene,to R724 T1622 T1620 prep of,expression R7240 T11602 T11592 punct .,assigned R7241 T11604 T11605 mark If,matched R7242 T11605 T11608 advcl matched,chosen R7243 T11606 T11607 det a,cDNA R7244 T11607 T11605 nsubj cDNA,matched R7245 T11609 T11610 amod more,one R7246 T11610 T11612 nummod one,territory R7247 T11611 T11610 quantmod than,one R7248 T11612 T11605 dobj territory,matched R7249 T11613 T11612 compound gene,territory R725 T1623 T1622 pobj hundreds,of R7250 T11614 T11608 punct """, "",chosen" R7251 T11615 T11616 det the,match R7252 T11616 T11608 nsubjpass match,chosen R7253 T11617 T11616 amod best,match R7254 T11618 T11608 auxpass was,chosen R7255 T11619 T11620 punct (,one R7256 T11620 T11608 parataxis one,chosen R7257 T11621 T11622 advmod that,is R7258 T11622 T11620 advmod is,one R7259 T11623 T11620 punct """, "",one" R726 T1624 T1623 prep of,hundreds R7260 T11624 T11620 det the,one R7261 T11625 T11620 prep with,one R7262 T11626 T11627 amod highest,score R7263 T11627 T11625 pobj score,with R7264 T11628 T11627 punct ',score R7265 T11629 T11620 punct ',one R7266 T11630 T11620 punct """, "",one" R7267 T11631 T11632 advmod where,is R7268 T11632 T11620 relcl is,one R7269 T11633 T11632 nsubj score,is R727 T1625 T1626 compound mouse,genes R7270 T11634 T11635 det the,total R7271 T11635 T11632 attr total,is R7272 T11636 T11635 prep of,total R7273 T11637 T11638 det all,exons R7274 T11638 T11639 poss exons,lengths R7275 T11639 T11636 pobj lengths,of R7276 T11640 T11638 case ',exons R7277 T11641 T11635 acl multiplied,total R7278 T11642 T11641 prep by,multiplied R7279 T11643 T11644 poss their,identities R728 T1626 T1624 pobj genes,of R7280 T11644 T11642 pobj identities,by R7281 T11645 T11644 amod respective,identities R7282 T11646 T11644 compound percent,identities R7283 T11647 T11620 punct ),one R7284 T11648 T11608 punct .,chosen R7285 T11650 T11651 nsubj We,flagged R7286 T11652 T11651 aux found,flagged R7287 T11653 T11654 nummod 27,cDNAs R7288 T11654 T11651 dative cDNAs,flagged R7289 T11655 T11656 dep that,spanned R729 T1627 T1628 compound odorant,receptor R7290 T11656 T11654 relcl spanned,cDNAs R7291 T11657 T11658 det a,range R7292 T11658 T11656 dobj range,spanned R7293 T11659 T11658 amod larger,range R7294 T11660 T11658 amod genomic,range R7295 T11661 T11658 prep than,range R7296 T11662 T11663 nummod one,territory R7297 T11663 T11661 pobj territory,than R7298 T11664 T11663 compound gene,territory R7299 T11665 T11651 cc and,flagged R73 T377 T370 advcl confirm,Using R730 T1628 T1626 compound receptor,genes R7300 T11666 T11651 dobj them,flagged R7301 T11667 T11651 prep for,flagged R7302 T11668 T11669 advmod more,careful R7303 T11669 T11670 amod careful,analysis R7304 T11670 T11667 pobj analysis,for R7305 T11671 T11651 punct .,flagged R7306 T11673 T11674 prep Of,showed R7307 T11675 T11673 pobj these,Of R7308 T11676 T11674 punct """, "",showed" R7309 T11677 T11678 nummod six,cDNAs R731 T1629 T1582 punct .,embarked R7310 T11678 T11674 nsubj cDNAs,showed R7311 T11679 T11680 amod unusual,splicing R7312 T11680 T11674 dobj splicing,showed R7313 T11681 T11674 prep within,showed R7314 T11682 T11683 det the,UTR R7315 T11683 T11681 pobj UTR,within R7316 T11684 T11683 nummod 3,UTR R7317 T11685 T11684 punct ',3 R7318 T11686 T11674 punct """, "",showed" R7319 T11687 T11674 cc but,showed R732 T1631 T1632 prep Within,show R7320 T11688 T11689 det the,violators R7321 T11689 T11693 nsubjpass violators,found R7322 T11690 T11689 amod remaining,violators R7323 T11691 T11689 punct ',violators R7324 T11692 T11689 compound territory,violators R7325 T11693 T11674 conj found,showed R7326 T11694 T11693 punct ',found R7327 T11695 T11693 auxpass were,found R7328 T11696 T11697 aux to,be R7329 T11697 T11693 xcomp be,found R733 T1633 T1634 det the,epithelium R7330 T11698 T11697 attr artifacts,be R7331 T11699 T11698 prep of,artifacts R7332 T11700 T11701 det the,process R7333 T11701 T11699 pobj process,of R7334 T11702 T11701 compound analysis,process R7335 T11703 T11704 dep which,fell R7336 T11704 T11698 relcl fell,artifacts R7337 T11705 T11704 prep into,fell R7338 T11706 T11707 nummod three,types R7339 T11707 T11705 pobj types,into R734 T1634 T1631 pobj epithelium,Within R7340 T11708 T11674 punct .,showed R7341 T11710 T11711 nsubj These,included R7342 T11712 T11711 punct : ,included R7343 T11713 T11711 dobj cDNAs,included R7344 T11714 T11715 advmod where,appeared R7345 T11715 T11713 relcl appeared,cDNAs R7346 T11716 T11717 det the,insert R7347 T11717 T11715 nsubj insert,appeared R7348 T11718 T11719 aux to,cloned R7349 T11719 T11715 xcomp cloned,appeared R735 T1635 T1634 amod olfactory,epithelium R7350 T11720 T11719 auxpass be,cloned R7351 T11721 T11719 prep in,cloned R7352 T11722 T11723 det the,orientation R7353 T11723 T11721 pobj orientation,in R7354 T11724 T11723 amod reverse,orientation R7355 T11725 T11726 punct (,cDNAs R7356 T11726 T11713 parataxis cDNAs,cDNAs R7357 T11727 T11726 nummod six,cDNAs R7358 T11728 T11726 punct ),cDNAs R7359 T11729 T11713 punct ;,cDNAs R736 T1636 T1632 punct """, "",show" R7360 T11730 T11713 conj sequences,cDNAs R7361 T11731 T11730 prep from,sequences R7362 T11732 T11733 advmod recently,duplicated R7363 T11733 T11734 amod duplicated,pairs R7364 T11734 T11731 pobj pairs,from R7365 T11735 T11734 compound gene,pairs R7366 T11736 T11730 punct """, "",sequences" R7367 T11737 T11738 advmod where,assigned R7368 T11738 T11730 relcl assigned,sequences R7369 T11739 T11738 nsubj sim4,assigned R737 T1637 T1638 amod individual,genes R7370 T11740 T11741 amod coding,region R7371 T11741 T11738 dobj region,assigned R7372 T11742 T11741 cc and,region R7373 T11743 T11744 amod upstream,exons R7374 T11744 T11741 conj exons,region R7375 T11745 T11738 prep to,assigned R7376 T11746 T11747 amod different,members R7377 T11747 T11745 pobj members,to R7378 T11748 T11747 prep of,members R7379 T11749 T11750 det the,pair R738 T1638 T1632 nsubj genes,show R7380 T11750 T11748 pobj pair,of R7381 T11751 T11738 punct """, "",assigned" R7382 T11752 T11753 mark although,aligned R7383 T11753 T11738 advcl aligned,assigned R7384 T11754 T11753 nsubjpass exons,aligned R7385 T11755 T11753 aux could,aligned R7386 T11756 T11757 advmod equally,well R7387 T11757 T11753 advmod well,aligned R7388 T11758 T11753 aux have,aligned R7389 T11759 T11753 auxpass been,aligned R739 T1639 T1640 amod olfactory,receptor R7390 T11760 T11753 advmod closer,aligned R7391 T11761 T11760 prep to,closer R7392 T11762 T11761 pobj one,to R7393 T11763 T11762 det another,one R7394 T11764 T11765 punct (,cDNAs R7395 T11765 T11730 parataxis cDNAs,sequences R7396 T11766 T11765 nummod six,cDNAs R7397 T11767 T11765 punct ),cDNAs R7398 T11768 T11730 punct ;,sequences R7399 T11769 T11730 cc and,sequences R74 T378 T379 compound expression,level R740 T1640 T1638 compound receptor,genes R7400 T11770 T11730 conj artifacts,sequences R7401 T11771 T11770 prep due,artifacts R7402 T11772 T11771 pcomp to,due R7403 T11773 T11771 pobj use,due R7404 T11774 T11773 prep of,use R7405 T11775 T11776 poss sim4,parameter R7406 T11776 T11774 pobj parameter,of R7407 T11777 T11775 case 's,sim4 R7408 T11778 T11779 nsubj N,1 R7409 T11779 T11776 nummod 1,parameter R741 T1641 T1642 det an,pattern R7410 T11780 T11779 punct =,1 R7411 T11781 T11782 punct (,cDNAs R7412 T11782 T11770 parataxis cDNAs,artifacts R7413 T11783 T11782 nummod nine,cDNAs R7414 T11784 T11782 punct ),cDNAs R7415 T11785 T11711 punct .,included R7416 T11787 T11788 det This,parameter R7417 T11788 T11789 nsubj parameter,instructs R7418 T11790 T11791 det the,program R7419 T11791 T11789 dobj program,instructs R742 T1642 T1632 dobj pattern,show R7420 T11792 T11793 aux to,make R7421 T11793 T11789 xcomp make,instructs R7422 T11794 T11795 amod extra,effort R7423 T11795 T11793 dobj effort,make R7424 T11796 T11797 aux to,match R7425 T11797 T11795 acl match,effort R7426 T11798 T11799 amod small,exons R7427 T11799 T11797 dobj exons,match R7428 T11800 T11799 amod upstream,exons R7429 T11801 T11789 punct """, "",instructs" R743 T1643 T1642 amod intriguing,pattern R7430 T11802 T11789 advcl allowing,instructs R7431 T11803 T11804 det a,length R7432 T11804 T11807 nsubjpass length,matched R7433 T11805 T11804 amod greater,length R7434 T11806 T11804 amod total,length R7435 T11807 T11802 ccomp matched,allowing R7436 T11808 T11804 prep of,length R7437 T11809 T11810 compound EST,sequence R7438 T11810 T11808 pobj sequence,of R7439 T11811 T11807 aux to,matched R744 T1644 T1642 compound expression,pattern R7440 T11812 T11807 auxpass be,matched R7441 T11813 T11789 punct .,instructs R7442 T11815 T11816 advmod However,caused R7443 T11817 T11816 punct """, "",caused" R7444 T11818 T11816 advmod occasionally,caused R7445 T11819 T11820 det the,parameter R7446 T11820 T11816 nsubj parameter,caused R7447 T11821 T11822 nsubj N,1 R7448 T11822 T11820 nummod 1,parameter R7449 T11823 T11822 punct =,1 R745 T1645 T1632 punct .,show R7450 T11824 T11825 det the,program R7451 T11825 T11826 nsubj program,assign R7452 T11826 T11816 ccomp assign,caused R7453 T11827 T11826 aux to,assign R7454 T11828 T11829 advmod very,small R7455 T11829 T11830 amod small,sequences R7456 T11830 T11826 dobj sequences,assign R7457 T11831 T11832 punct (,bp R7458 T11832 T11830 parataxis bp,sequences R7459 T11833 T11834 compound 1,4 R746 T1647 T1648 det Each,receptor R7460 T11834 T11832 nummod 4,bp R7461 T11835 T11834 punct -,4 R7462 T11836 T11832 punct ),bp R7463 T11837 T11826 prep to,assign R7464 T11838 T11839 amod distant,exons R7465 T11839 T11837 pobj exons,to R7466 T11840 T11839 amod upstream,exons R7467 T11841 T11826 punct """, "",assign" R7468 T11842 T11843 advmod when,match R7469 T11843 T11826 advcl match,assign R747 T1648 T1650 nsubjpass receptor,expressed R7470 T11844 T11843 nsubj they,match R7471 T11845 T11843 advmod probably,match R7472 T11846 T11843 advmod nearer,match R7473 T11847 T11846 prep to,nearer R7474 T11848 T11849 det the,sequence R7475 T11849 T11847 pobj sequence,to R7476 T11850 T11849 amod corresponding,sequence R7477 T11851 T11849 compound coding,sequence R7478 T11852 T11816 punct .,caused R7479 T11854 T11855 det The,distribution R748 T1649 T1648 amod olfactory,receptor R7480 T11855 T11857 nsubjpass distribution,calculated R7481 T11856 T11855 amod expected,distribution R7482 T11858 T11855 acl shown,distribution R7483 T11859 T11858 prep in,shown R7484 T11860 T11859 pobj Figure,in R7485 T11861 T11860 nummod 2,Figure R7486 T11862 T11857 auxpass was,calculated R7487 T11863 T11857 advcl using,calculated R7488 T11864 T11865 det the,equation R7489 T11865 T11863 dobj equation,using R749 T1651 T1650 auxpass is,expressed R7490 T11866 T11867 nmod P,x R7491 T11867 T11869 nsubj x,μμx R7492 T11868 T11867 punct (,x R7493 T11869 T11865 appos μμx,equation R7494 T11870 T11867 punct ),x R7495 T11871 T11869 punct =,μμx R7496 T11872 T11869 nmod e,μμx R7497 T11873 T11869 punct -,μμx R7498 T11874 T11875 punct /,x R7499 T11875 T11869 prep x,μμx R75 T379 T380 compound level,differences R750 T1652 T1650 prep in,expressed R7500 T11876 T11875 punct !,x R7501 T11877 T11865 punct """, "",equation" R7502 T11878 T11879 advmod where,is R7503 T11879 T11865 relcl is,equation R7504 T11880 T11881 nmod P,x R7505 T11881 T11879 nsubj x,is R7506 T11882 T11881 punct (,x R7507 T11883 T11881 punct ),x R7508 T11884 T11885 det the,probability R7509 T11885 T11879 attr probability,is R751 T1653 T1654 det a,subset R7510 T11886 T11885 compound Poisson,probability R7511 T11887 T11885 prep of,probability R7512 T11888 T11887 pcomp observing,of R7513 T11889 T11890 compound x,cDNAs R7514 T11890 T11888 dobj cDNAs,observing R7515 T11891 T11890 prep per,cDNAs R7516 T11892 T11891 pobj gene,per R7517 T11893 T11879 punct """, "",is" R7518 T11894 T11879 cc and,is R7519 T11895 T11896 nsubj μ,is R752 T1654 T1652 pobj subset,in R7520 T11896 T11879 conj is,is R7521 T11897 T11898 det the,number R7522 T11898 T11896 attr number,is R7523 T11899 T11898 amod mean,number R7524 T11900 T11898 prep of,number R7525 T11901 T11900 pobj cDNAs,of R7526 T11902 T11901 acl observed,cDNAs R7527 T11903 T11902 prep per,observed R7528 T11904 T11903 pobj gene,per R7529 T11905 T11906 punct (,cDNAs R753 T1655 T1654 prep of,subset R7530 T11906 T11896 parataxis cDNAs,is R7531 T11907 T11908 nsubj μ,1 R7532 T11908 T11906 ccomp 1,cDNAs R7533 T11909 T11908 punct =,1 R7534 T11910 T11906 punct ""","",cDNAs" R7535 T11911 T11912 nummod 176,983 R7536 T11912 T11906 dep 983,cDNAs R7537 T11913 T11912 punct /,983 R7538 T11914 T11906 punct : ,cDNAs R7539 T11915 T11906 nummod """1,176"",cDNAs" R754 T1656 T1655 pobj cells,of R7540 T11916 T11906 acl matching,cDNAs R7541 T11917 T11918 amod olfactory,receptor R7542 T11918 T11919 compound receptor,genes R7543 T11919 T11916 dobj genes,matching R7544 T11920 T11916 prep in,matching R7545 T11921 T11922 poss our,dataset R7546 T11922 T11920 pobj dataset,in R7547 T11923 T11906 cc and,cDNAs R7548 T11924 T11925 nummod 983,receptors R7549 T11925 T11906 conj receptors,cDNAs R755 T1657 T1650 prep in,expressed R7550 T11926 T11925 amod intact,receptors R7551 T11927 T11925 nmod class,receptors R7552 T11928 T11927 nummod II,class R7553 T11929 T11925 amod olfactory,receptors R7554 T11930 T11906 punct ),cDNAs R7555 T11931 T11857 punct .,calculated R7556 T11933 T11934 prep In,ignored R7557 T11935 T11936 poss our,analysis R7558 T11936 T11933 pobj analysis,In R7559 T11937 T11936 prep of,analysis R756 T1658 T1657 pobj one,in R7560 T11938 T11939 amod expressed,pseudogenes R7561 T11939 T11937 pobj pseudogenes,of R7562 T11940 T11934 punct """, "",ignored" R7563 T11941 T11934 nsubj we,ignored R7564 T11942 T11943 nummod two,pseudogenes R7565 T11943 T11934 dobj pseudogenes,ignored R7566 T11944 T11945 amod olfactory,receptor R7567 T11945 T11943 compound receptor,pseudogenes R7568 T11946 T11943 acl found,pseudogenes R7569 T11947 T11946 advmod very,found R757 T1659 T1658 prep of,one R7570 T11948 T11947 advmod near,very R7571 T11949 T11950 det the,ends R7572 T11950 T11947 npadvmod ends,very R7573 T11951 T11950 prep of,ends R7574 T11952 T11953 amod genomic,sequences R7575 T11953 T11951 pobj sequences,of R7576 T11954 T11946 cc and,found R7577 T11955 T11956 advmod thus,likely R7578 T11956 T11946 conj likely,found R7579 T11957 T11958 aux to,be R758 T1660 T1661 nummod four,zones R7580 T11958 T11956 xcomp be,likely R7581 T11959 T11960 npadvmod error,prone R7582 T11960 T11958 acomp prone,be R7583 T11961 T11960 punct -,prone R7584 T11962 T11934 punct .,ignored R7585 T11964 T11965 det A,alignment R7586 T11965 T11968 nsubjpass alignment,generated R7587 T11966 T11967 compound protein,sequence R7588 T11967 T11965 compound sequence,alignment R7589 T11969 T11965 prep of,alignment R759 T1661 T1659 pobj zones,of R7590 T11970 T11971 amod intact,receptors R7591 T11971 T11969 pobj receptors,of R7592 T11972 T11971 nmod mouse,receptors R7593 T11973 T11971 amod olfactory,receptors R7594 T11974 T11968 auxpass was,generated R7595 T11975 T11968 advcl using,generated R7596 T11976 T11975 dobj CLUSTALW,using R7597 T11977 T11978 punct [,50 R7598 T11978 T11975 parataxis 50,using R7599 T11979 T11978 punct ],50 R76 T380 T377 dobj differences,confirm R760 T1662 T1661 prep of,zones R7600 T11980 T11968 punct """, "",generated" R7601 T11981 T11968 conj edited,generated R7602 T11982 T11981 prep by,edited R7603 T11983 T11982 pobj hand,by R7604 T11984 T11981 punct """, "",edited" R7605 T11985 T11981 cc and,edited R7606 T11986 T11981 conj used,edited R7607 T11987 T11988 aux to,produce R7608 T11988 T11986 advcl produce,used R7609 T11989 T11990 det the,tree R761 T1663 T1664 det the,epithelium R7610 T11990 T11988 dobj tree,produce R7611 T11991 T11990 amod phylogenetic,tree R7612 T11992 T11990 acl shown,tree R7613 T11993 T11992 prep in,shown R7614 T11994 T11993 pobj Figure,in R7615 T11995 T11994 nummod 1,Figure R7616 T11996 T11988 advcl using,produce R7617 T11997 T11998 poss PAUP,algorithm R7618 T11998 T11996 dobj algorithm,using R7619 T11999 T11997 case 's,PAUP R762 T1664 T1662 pobj epithelium,of R7620 T12000 T12001 npadvmod neighbor,joining R7621 T12001 T11998 amod joining,algorithm R7622 T12002 T12001 punct -,joining R7623 T12003 T12004 punct (,Associates R7624 T12004 T11988 parataxis Associates,produce R7625 T12005 T12006 compound v4.0b6,Version R7626 T12006 T12004 dep Version,Associates R7627 T12007 T12006 nummod 4,Version R7628 T12008 T12004 punct """, "",Associates" R7629 T12009 T12004 compound Sinauer,Associates R763 T1665 T1666 punct [,15 R7630 T12010 T12004 punct """, "",Associates" R7631 T12011 T12004 npadvmod Sunderland,Associates R7632 T12012 T12004 punct """, "",Associates" R7633 T12013 T12004 npadvmod MA,Associates R7634 T12014 T12004 punct ),Associates R7635 T12015 T11968 punct .,generated R7636 T12017 T12018 det The,tree R7637 T12018 T12019 nsubjpass tree,colored R7638 T12020 T12019 auxpass was,colored R7639 T12021 T12019 advcl using,colored R764 T1666 T1650 parataxis 15,expressed R7640 T12022 T12023 det a,script R7641 T12023 T12021 dobj script,using R7642 T12024 T12023 compound custom,script R7643 T12025 T12019 punct .,colored R7644 T12027 T12028 compound Information,content R7645 T12028 T12029 nsubjpass content,calculated R7646 T12030 T12028 punct (,content R7647 T12031 T12032 det the,measure R7648 T12032 T12028 appos measure,content R7649 T12033 T12032 prep of,measure R765 T1667 T1666 nummod 14,15 R7650 T12034 T12035 compound sequence,conservation R7651 T12035 T12033 pobj conservation,of R7652 T12036 T12035 acl shown,conservation R7653 T12037 T12036 prep in,shown R7654 T12038 T12037 pobj Figure,in R7655 T12039 T12038 nummod 6,Figure R7656 T12040 T12029 punct ),calculated R7657 T12041 T12029 auxpass was,calculated R7658 T12042 T12029 prep for,calculated R7659 T12043 T12044 det each,position R766 T1668 T1666 punct ""","",15" R7660 T12044 T12042 pobj position,for R7661 T12045 T12044 prep in,position R7662 T12046 T12047 det the,alignment R7663 T12047 T12045 pobj alignment,in R7664 T12048 T12029 advcl using,calculated R7665 T12049 T12048 dobj alpro,using R7666 T12050 T12051 punct [,51 R7667 T12051 T12029 parataxis 51,calculated R7668 T12052 T12051 punct ],51 R7669 T12053 T12029 punct .,calculated R767 T1669 T1666 punct ],15 R7670 T12055 T12056 aux To,determine R7671 T12056 T12057 advcl determine,examined R7672 T12058 T12059 det the,number R7673 T12059 T12056 dobj number,determine R7674 T12060 T12059 prep of,number R7675 T12061 T12062 amod transcriptional,isoforms R7676 T12062 T12060 pobj isoforms,of R7677 T12063 T12056 prep for,determine R7678 T12064 T12065 det each,gene R7679 T12065 T12063 pobj gene,for R768 T1670 T1650 punct .,expressed R7680 T12066 T12057 punct """, "",examined" R7681 T12067 T12057 nsubj we,examined R7682 T12068 T12069 det the,output R7683 T12069 T12057 dobj output,examined R7684 T12070 T12069 compound sim4,output R7685 T12071 T12057 prep for,examined R7686 T12072 T12073 det every,cDNA R7687 T12073 T12071 pobj cDNA,for R7688 T12074 T12073 amod matching,cDNA R7689 T12075 T12057 prep in,examined R769 T1672 T1673 advmod Furthermore,expresses R7690 T12076 T12077 amod decreasing,order R7691 T12077 T12075 pobj order,in R7692 T12078 T12077 prep of,order R7693 T12079 T12078 pobj number,of R7694 T12080 T12079 prep of,number R7695 T12081 T12080 pobj exons,of R7696 T12082 T12057 punct .,examined R7697 T12084 T12085 det The,cDNA R7698 T12085 T12087 nsubjpass cDNA,counted R7699 T12086 T12085 amod first,cDNA R77 T381 T380 acl suggested,differences R770 T1674 T1673 punct """, "",expresses" R7700 T12088 T12087 auxpass was,counted R7701 T12089 T12087 prep as,counted R7702 T12090 T12091 nummod one,form R7703 T12091 T12089 pobj form,as R7704 T12092 T12091 compound splice,form R7705 T12093 T12087 punct """, "",counted" R7706 T12094 T12087 cc and,counted R7707 T12095 T12096 prep for,determined R7708 T12096 T12087 conj determined,counted R7709 T12097 T12098 det each,cDNA R771 T1675 T1676 det each,neuron R7710 T12098 T12095 pobj cDNA,for R7711 T12099 T12098 amod subsequent,cDNA R7712 T12100 T12096 punct """, "",determined" R7713 T12101 T12096 nsubj we,determined R7714 T12102 T12103 mark whether,was R7715 T12103 T12096 ccomp was,determined R7716 T12104 T12105 compound exon,structure R7717 T12105 T12103 nsubj structure,was R7718 T12106 T12107 advmod mutually,exclusive R7719 T12107 T12103 acomp exclusive,was R772 T1676 T1673 nsubj neuron,expresses R7720 T12108 T12107 prep to,exclusive R7721 T12109 T12108 pobj isoforms,to R7722 T12110 T12111 advmod already,counted R7723 T12111 T12109 acl counted,isoforms R7724 T12112 T12096 punct .,determined R7725 T12114 T12115 nsubj We,were R7726 T12116 T12115 acomp conservative,were R7727 T12117 T12115 prep in,were R7728 T12118 T12119 poss our,definition R7729 T12119 T12117 pobj definition,in R773 T1677 T1676 amod olfactory,neuron R7730 T12120 T12119 prep of,definition R7731 T12121 T12122 advmod mutually,exclusive R7732 T12122 T12120 pobj exclusive,of R7733 T12123 T12115 punct """, "",were" R7734 T12124 T12115 cc and,were R7735 T12125 T12126 advmod thus,represents R7736 T12126 T12115 conj represents,were R7737 T12127 T12128 poss our,count R7738 T12128 T12126 nsubj count,represents R7739 T12129 T12130 det the,number R774 T1678 T1679 advmod only,allele R7740 T12130 T12126 dobj number,represents R7741 T12131 T12130 amod minimum,number R7742 T12132 T12130 prep of,number R7743 T12133 T12132 pobj isoforms,of R7744 T12134 T12133 acl represented,isoforms R7745 T12135 T12134 prep in,represented R7746 T12136 T12137 det the,collection R7747 T12137 T12135 pobj collection,in R7748 T12138 T12137 compound cDNA,collection R7749 T12139 T12126 punct .,represents R775 T1679 T1673 dobj allele,expresses R7750 T12269 T12270 compound RT,PCR R7751 T12271 T12270 punct -,PCR R7752 T12273 T12274 det The,epithelia R7753 T12274 T12276 nsubjpass epithelia,dissected R7754 T12275 T12274 amod olfactory,epithelia R7755 T12277 T12276 auxpass were,dissected R7756 T12278 T12276 prep from,dissected R7757 T12279 T12280 nummod three,mice R7758 T12280 T12278 pobj mice,from R7759 T12281 T12280 amod adult,mice R776 T1680 T1679 nummod one,allele R7760 T12282 T12280 amod female,mice R7761 T12283 T12280 nmod C57BL,mice R7762 T12284 T12283 punct /,C57BL R7763 T12285 T12283 nummod 6,C57BL R7764 T12286 T12276 punct """, "",dissected" R7765 T12287 T12276 prep including,dissected R7766 T12288 T12287 pobj tissues,including R7767 T12289 T12288 acl attached,tissues R7768 T12290 T12289 prep to,attached R7769 T12291 T12292 det the,skull R777 T1681 T1682 punct [,16 R7770 T12292 T12290 pobj skull,to R7771 T12293 T12292 cc and,skull R7772 T12294 T12292 conj septum,skull R7773 T12295 T12276 punct .,dissected R7774 T12297 T12298 nsubjpass RNA,isolated R7775 T12299 T12298 auxpass was,isolated R7776 T12300 T12298 advcl using,isolated R7777 T12301 T12302 det the,kit R7778 T12302 T12300 dobj kit,using R7779 T12303 T12302 compound Qiagen,kit R778 T1682 T1679 parataxis 16,allele R7780 T12304 T12302 compound RNeasy,kit R7781 T12305 T12302 compound midi,kit R7782 T12306 T12307 punct (,Qiagen R7783 T12307 T12302 parataxis Qiagen,kit R7784 T12308 T12307 punct """, "",Qiagen" R7785 T12309 T12307 npadvmod Valencia,Qiagen R7786 T12310 T12307 punct """, "",Qiagen" R7787 T12311 T12307 npadvmod CA,Qiagen R7788 T12312 T12307 punct """, "",Qiagen" R7789 T12313 T12307 npadvmod USA,Qiagen R779 T1683 T1682 punct ],16 R7790 T12314 T12307 punct ),Qiagen R7791 T12315 T12300 punct """, "",using" R7792 T12316 T12300 prep including,using R7793 T12317 T12318 det a,step R7794 T12318 T12316 pobj step,including R7795 T12319 T12318 compound DNase,step R7796 T12320 T12318 compound treatment,step R7797 T12321 T12298 punct .,isolated R7798 T12323 T12324 amod First,strand R7799 T12324 T12326 compound strand,cDNA R78 T382 T381 agent by,suggested R780 T1684 T1679 prep of,allele R7800 T12325 T12324 punct -,strand R7801 T12326 T12327 nsubjpass cDNA,produced R7802 T12328 T12327 auxpass was,produced R7803 T12329 T12327 prep from,produced R7804 T12330 T12331 nummod 2.5,μg R7805 T12331 T12329 pobj μg,from R7806 T12332 T12331 prep of,μg R7807 T12333 T12332 pobj RNA,of R7808 T12334 T12331 prep in,μg R7809 T12335 T12336 det a,volume R781 T1685 T1686 det a,gene R7810 T12336 T12334 pobj volume,in R7811 T12337 T12336 prep of,volume R7812 T12338 T12339 nummod 50,μl R7813 T12339 T12337 pobj μl,of R7814 T12340 T12327 advcl using,produced R7815 T12341 T12342 amod random,hexamers R7816 T12342 T12340 dobj hexamers,using R7817 T12343 T12342 cc and,hexamers R7818 T12344 T12345 poss Invitrogen,transcriptase R7819 T12345 T12342 conj transcriptase,hexamers R782 T1686 T1684 pobj gene,of R7820 T12346 T12344 case 's,Invitrogen R7821 T12347 T12345 nmod Superscript,transcriptase R7822 T12348 T12347 nummod II,Superscript R7823 T12349 T12345 amod reverse,transcriptase R7824 T12350 T12351 punct (,Invitrogen R7825 T12351 T12345 parataxis Invitrogen,transcriptase R7826 T12352 T12351 punct """, "",Invitrogen" R7827 T12353 T12351 npadvmod Carlsbad,Invitrogen R7828 T12354 T12351 punct """, "",Invitrogen" R7829 T12355 T12351 npadvmod CA,Invitrogen R783 T1687 T1686 amod single,gene R7830 T12356 T12351 punct """, "",Invitrogen" R7831 T12357 T12351 npadvmod USA,Invitrogen R7832 T12358 T12351 punct ),Invitrogen R7833 T12359 T12327 punct """, "",produced" R7834 T12360 T12327 prep according,produced R7835 T12361 T12360 prep to,according R7836 T12362 T12363 det the,manufacturer R7837 T12363 T12364 poss manufacturer,recommendations R7838 T12364 T12361 pobj recommendations,to R7839 T12365 T12363 case 's,manufacturer R784 T1688 T1689 amod olfactory,receptor R7840 T12366 T12327 punct .,produced R7841 T12368 T12369 nummod One,fifth R7842 T12369 T12373 nsubjpass fifth,used R7843 T12370 T12369 punct -,fifth R7844 T12371 T12369 nummod twenty,fifth R7845 T12372 T12369 punct -,fifth R7846 T12374 T12369 prep of,fifth R7847 T12375 T12376 det the,cDNA R7848 T12376 T12374 pobj cDNA,of R7849 T12377 T12376 amod resulting,cDNA R785 T1689 T1686 compound receptor,gene R7850 T12378 T12373 auxpass was,used R7851 T12379 T12373 prep as,used R7852 T12380 T12379 pobj template,as R7853 T12381 T12373 prep in,used R7854 T12382 T12383 amod subsequent,reactions R7855 T12383 T12381 pobj reactions,in R7856 T12384 T12383 compound PCR,reactions R7857 T12385 T12373 punct .,used R7858 T12387 T12388 compound PCR,amplification R7859 T12388 T12389 nsubjpass amplification,performed R786 T1690 T1691 punct [,18 R7860 T12390 T12388 amod biased,amplification R7861 T12391 T12390 prep towards,biased R7862 T12392 T12393 nmod class,receptors R7863 T12393 T12391 pobj receptors,towards R7864 T12394 T12392 nummod I,class R7865 T12395 T12393 amod olfactory,receptors R7866 T12396 T12389 auxpass was,performed R7867 T12397 T12389 advcl using,performed R7868 T12398 T12399 amod degenerate,P26 R7869 T12399 T12397 dobj P26,using R787 T1691 T1686 parataxis 18,gene R7870 T12400 T12399 compound primers,P26 R7871 T12401 T12402 punct [,17 R7872 T12402 T12399 parataxis 17,P26 R7873 T12403 T12402 punct ],17 R7874 T12404 T12399 cc and,P26 R7875 T12405 T12399 conj classI_R1,P26 R7876 T12406 T12407 punct (,GGRTTIADIRYIGGNGG R7877 T12407 T12405 parataxis GGRTTIADIRYIGGNGG,classI_R1 R7878 T12408 T12407 nummod 5,GGRTTIADIRYIGGNGG R7879 T12409 T12408 punct ',5 R788 T1692 T1691 nummod 17,18 R7880 T12410 T12407 punct -,GGRTTIADIRYIGGNGG R7881 T12411 T12407 punct -,GGRTTIADIRYIGGNGG R7882 T12412 T12407 nummod 3,GGRTTIADIRYIGGNGG R7883 T12413 T12407 punct ',GGRTTIADIRYIGGNGG R7884 T12414 T12407 punct ),GGRTTIADIRYIGGNGG R7885 T12415 T12399 prep with,P26 R7886 T12416 T12417 det an,temperature R7887 T12417 T12415 pobj temperature,with R7888 T12418 T12417 amod annealing,temperature R7889 T12419 T12417 prep of,temperature R789 T1693 T1691 punct ""","",18" R7890 T12420 T12421 nummod 44,°C R7891 T12421 T12419 pobj °C,of R7892 T12422 T12389 punct .,performed R7893 T12424 T12425 det The,product R7894 T12425 T12426 nsubjpass product,cloned R7895 T12427 T12426 auxpass was,cloned R7896 T12428 T12429 punct (,Invitrogen R7897 T12429 T12426 parataxis Invitrogen,cloned R7898 T12430 T12431 compound TA,kit R7899 T12431 T12429 dep kit,Invitrogen R79 T383 T384 poss our,screen R790 T1694 T1691 punct ],18 R7900 T12432 T12431 compound cloning,kit R7901 T12433 T12429 punct """, "",Invitrogen" R7902 T12434 T12429 punct ),Invitrogen R7903 T12435 T12426 punct """, "",cloned" R7904 T12436 T12426 cc and,cloned R7905 T12437 T12438 amod individual,clones R7906 T12438 T12439 nsubjpass clones,sequenced R7907 T12439 T12426 conj sequenced,cloned R7908 T12440 T12439 auxpass were,sequenced R7909 T12441 T12439 punct .,sequenced R791 T1695 T1673 punct """, "",expresses" R7910 T12443 T12444 amod Specific,primers R7911 T12444 T12446 nsubjpass primers,given R7912 T12445 T12444 compound PCR,primers R7913 T12447 T12444 acl used,primers R7914 T12448 T12449 aux to,confirm R7915 T12449 T12447 advcl confirm,used R7916 T12450 T12449 dobj expression,confirm R7917 T12451 T12450 prep of,expression R7918 T12452 T12453 amod individual,genes R7919 T12453 T12451 pobj genes,of R792 T1696 T1673 cc and,expresses R7920 T12454 T12455 amod olfactory,receptor R7921 T12455 T12453 compound receptor,genes R7922 T12456 T12446 auxpass are,given R7923 T12457 T12446 prep in,given R7924 T12458 T12459 amod Additional,file R7925 T12459 T12457 pobj file,in R7926 T12460 T12459 compound data,file R7927 T12461 T12459 nummod 1,file R7928 T12462 T12446 punct .,given R7929 T12464 T12465 det Each,product R793 T1697 T1698 det the,genes R7930 T12465 T12467 nsubjpass product,sequenced R7931 T12466 T12465 compound PCR,product R7932 T12468 T12467 auxpass was,sequenced R7933 T12469 T12470 aux to,confirm R7934 T12470 T12467 advcl confirm,sequenced R7935 T12471 T12472 mark that,amplified R7936 T12472 T12470 ccomp amplified,confirm R7937 T12473 T12474 det the,gene R7938 T12474 T12472 nsubjpass gene,amplified R7939 T12475 T12474 amod expected,gene R794 T1698 T1702 nsubj genes,are R7940 T12476 T12474 cc and,gene R7941 T12477 T12478 det no,others R7942 T12478 T12474 conj others,gene R7943 T12479 T12472 aux had,amplified R7944 T12480 T12472 auxpass been,amplified R7945 T12481 T12467 punct .,sequenced R7946 T12483 T12484 compound Control,reactions R7947 T12484 T12485 nsubj reactions,gave R7948 T12486 T12484 prep on,reactions R7949 T12487 T12488 det a,template R795 T1699 T1698 nmod remaining,genes R7950 T12488 T12486 pobj template,on R7951 T12489 T12488 acl made,template R7952 T12490 T12489 prep by,made R7953 T12491 T12490 pcomp omitting,by R7954 T12492 T12493 amod reverse,transcriptase R7955 T12493 T12491 dobj transcriptase,omitting R7956 T12494 T12495 det no,product R7957 T12495 T12485 dobj product,gave R7958 T12496 T12485 punct """, "",gave" R7959 T12497 T12485 advcl indicating,gave R796 T1700 T1701 advmod "approximately,""1,499""" R7960 T12498 T12499 mark that,was R7961 T12499 T12497 ccomp was,indicating R7962 T12500 T12501 det the,preparation R7963 T12501 T12499 nsubj preparation,was R7964 T12502 T12501 compound RNA,preparation R7965 T12503 T12499 acomp uncontaminated,was R7966 T12504 T12503 prep by,uncontaminated R7967 T12505 T12506 amod genomic,DNA R7968 T12506 T12504 pobj DNA,by R7969 T12507 T12485 punct .,gave R797 T1701 T1698 nummod """1,499"",genes" R7970 T12509 T12510 amod Relative,levels R7971 T12510 T12512 nsubjpass levels,estimated R7972 T12511 T12510 compound transcript,levels R7973 T12513 T12512 auxpass were,estimated R7974 T12514 T12512 advcl using,estimated R7975 T12515 T12516 amod real,time R7976 T12516 T12518 compound time,PCR R7977 T12517 T12516 punct -,time R7978 T12518 T12514 dobj PCR,using R7979 T12519 T12514 prep according,using R798 T1702 T1673 conj are,expresses R7980 T12520 T12519 prep to,according R7981 T12521 T12522 compound Applied,Biosystems R7982 T12522 T12523 poss Biosystems,protocols R7983 T12523 T12520 pobj protocols,to R7984 T12524 T12522 case ',Biosystems R7985 T12525 T12514 punct """, "",using" R7986 T12526 T12527 mark with,given R7987 T12527 T12514 advcl given,using R7988 T12528 T12529 compound magnesium,concentration R7989 T12529 T12527 nsubj concentration,given R799 T1703 T1704 advmod transcriptionally,inactive R7990 T12530 T12529 punct """, "",concentration" R7991 T12531 T12532 compound primer,pair R7992 T12532 T12529 conj pair,concentration R7993 T12533 T12532 cc and,pair R7994 T12534 T12535 amod fluorescent,probe R7995 T12535 T12532 conj probe,pair R7996 T12536 T12527 prep in,given R7997 T12537 T12538 amod Additional,file R7998 T12538 T12536 pobj file,in R7999 T12539 T12538 compound data,file R8 T304 T302 dobj function,confirming R80 T384 T382 pobj screen,by R800 T1704 T1702 acomp inactive,are R8000 T12540 T12538 nummod 2,file R8001 T12541 T12512 punct .,estimated R8002 T12543 T12544 det The,increase R8003 T12544 T12545 nsubjpass increase,measured R8004 T12546 T12544 prep in,increase R8005 T12547 T12546 pobj fluorescence,in R8006 T12548 T12544 prep during,increase R8007 T12549 T12548 pobj thermocycling,during R8008 T12550 T12545 auxpass was,measured R8009 T12551 T12545 prep on,measured R801 T1705 T1673 punct .,expresses R8010 T12552 T12553 det an,7900HT R8011 T12553 T12551 pobj 7900HT,on R8012 T12554 T12553 compound ABI,7900HT R8013 T12555 T12553 compound PRISM,7900HT R8014 T12556 T12545 punct .,measured R8015 T12558 T12559 amod Standard,curves R8016 T12559 T12560 nsubjpass curves,constructed R8017 T12561 T12560 auxpass were,constructed R8018 T12562 T12560 prep for,constructed R8019 T12563 T12564 det each,pair R802 T1707 T1708 mark While,is R8020 T12564 T12562 pobj pair,for R8021 T12565 T12564 compound primer,pair R8022 T12566 T12560 advcl using,constructed R8023 T12567 T12568 compound triplicate,samples R8024 T12568 T12566 dobj samples,using R8025 T12569 T12568 prep of,samples R8026 T12570 T12571 nmod mouse,DNA R8027 T12571 T12569 pobj DNA,of R8028 T12572 T12571 amod genomic,DNA R8029 T12573 T12571 prep of,DNA R803 T1708 T1714 advcl is,proposed R8030 T12574 T12575 nummod nine,concentrations R8031 T12575 T12573 pobj concentrations,of R8032 T12576 T12575 amod known,concentrations R8033 T12577 T12578 punct (,ng R8034 T12578 T12575 parataxis ng,concentrations R8035 T12579 T12578 dep range,ng R8036 T12580 T12581 quantmod 0.01,100 R8037 T12581 T12578 nummod 100,ng R8038 T12582 T12581 punct -,100 R8039 T12583 T12578 punct """, "",ng" R804 T1709 T1710 det the,mechanism R8040 T12584 T12578 cc or,ng R8041 T12585 T12586 advmod "about,""30,000""" R8042 T12586 T12589 nummod """30,000"",copies" R8043 T12587 T12586 quantmod "3,""30,000""" R8044 T12588 T12586 punct "-,""30,000""" R8045 T12589 T12578 conj copies,ng R8046 T12590 T12589 prep of,copies R8047 T12591 T12592 det the,genome R8048 T12592 T12590 pobj genome,of R8049 T12593 T12592 compound haploid,genome R805 T1710 T1708 nsubj mechanism,is R8050 T12594 T12578 punct ),ng R8051 T12595 T12560 punct .,constructed R8052 T12597 T12598 amod Relative,level R8053 T12598 T12600 nsubjpass level,determined R8054 T12599 T12598 compound expression,level R8055 T12601 T12598 prep of,level R8056 T12602 T12603 det each,gene R8057 T12603 T12601 pobj gene,of R8058 T12604 T12600 auxpass was,determined R8059 T12605 T12600 prep by,determined R806 T1711 T1710 acl ensuring,mechanism R8060 T12606 T12605 pcomp comparing,by R8061 T12607 T12608 det the,Ct R8062 T12608 T12606 dobj Ct,comparing R8063 T12609 T12608 amod mean,Ct R8064 T12610 T12608 punct (,Ct R8065 T12611 T12608 appos cycle,Ct R8066 T12612 T12613 advmod where,reaches R8067 T12613 T12611 relcl reaches,cycle R8068 T12614 T12613 nsubj fluorescence,reaches R8069 T12615 T12616 det an,value R807 T1712 T1713 amod singular,expression R8070 T12616 T12613 dobj value,reaches R8071 T12617 T12616 amod arbitrary,value R8072 T12618 T12616 compound threshold,value R8073 T12619 T12608 punct ),Ct R8074 T12620 T12608 acl obtained,Ct R8075 T12621 T12620 prep with,obtained R8076 T12622 T12623 nummod six,samples R8077 T12623 T12621 pobj samples,with R8078 T12624 T12623 compound replicate,samples R8079 T12625 T12623 prep of,samples R808 T1713 T1711 dobj expression,ensuring R8080 T12626 T12627 amod reverse,transcribed R8081 T12627 T12629 amod transcribed,RNA R8082 T12628 T12627 punct -,transcribed R8083 T12629 T12625 pobj RNA,of R8084 T12630 T12606 prep to,comparing R8085 T12631 T12632 det the,curve R8086 T12632 T12630 pobj curve,to R8087 T12633 T12632 amod standard,curve R8088 T12634 T12632 prep for,curve R8089 T12635 T12636 det the,primers R809 T1715 T1708 acomp unknown,is R8090 T12636 T12634 pobj primers,for R8091 T12637 T12636 amod corresponding,primers R8092 T12638 T12600 punct .,determined R8093 T12640 T12641 amod Relative,levels R8094 T12641 T12643 nsubjpass levels,measured R8095 T12642 T12641 compound RNA,levels R8096 T12644 T12641 prep of,levels R8097 T12645 T12646 det a,gene R8098 T12646 T12644 pobj gene,of R8099 T12647 T12646 compound housekeeping,gene R81 T385 T371 punct """, "",find" R810 T1716 T1714 punct """, "",proposed" R8100 T12648 T12646 punct """, "",gene" R8101 T12649 T12650 amod ribosomal,S16 R8102 T12650 T12646 appos S16,gene R8103 T12651 T12643 punct """, "",measured" R8104 T12652 T12643 auxpass were,measured R8105 T12653 T12654 mark as,described R8106 T12654 T12643 advcl described,measured R8107 T12655 T12654 advmod previously,described R8108 T12656 T12657 punct [,52 R8109 T12657 T12654 parataxis 52,described R811 T1717 T1718 amod many,hypotheses R8110 T12658 T12657 punct ],52 R8111 T12659 T12643 punct .,measured R8112 T12661 T12662 compound Control,reactions R8113 T12662 T12663 nsubj reactions,amplified R8114 T12664 T12662 prep on,reactions R8115 T12665 T12664 pobj template,on R8116 T12666 T12665 acl prepared,template R8117 T12667 T12666 prep by,prepared R8118 T12668 T12667 pcomp omitting,by R8119 T12669 T12670 amod reverse,transcriptase R812 T1718 T1714 nsubjpass hypotheses,proposed R8120 T12670 T12668 dobj transcriptase,omitting R8121 T12671 T12663 prep at,amplified R8122 T12672 T12673 det a,level R8123 T12673 T12671 pobj level,at R8124 T12674 T12673 amod relative,level R8125 T12675 T12673 prep of,level R8126 T12676 T12677 quantmod 0.03,0.01 R8127 T12677 T12679 nummod 0.01,ng R8128 T12678 T12677 punct ±,0.01 R8129 T12679 T12675 pobj ng,of R813 T1719 T1714 aux have,proposed R8130 T12680 T12679 cc or,ng R8131 T12681 T12679 conj less,ng R8132 T12682 T12663 prep in,amplified R8133 T12683 T12684 det each,case R8134 T12684 T12682 pobj case,in R8135 T12685 T12663 punct .,amplified R8136 T12687 T12688 compound Expression,measurements R8137 T12688 T12689 nsubjpass measurements,normalized R8138 T12690 T12688 prep of,measurements R8139 T12691 T12692 det the,genes R814 T1720 T1714 auxpass been,proposed R8140 T12692 T12690 pobj genes,of R8141 T12693 T12692 nummod seven,genes R8142 T12694 T12689 auxpass were,normalized R8143 T12695 T12689 prep for,normalized R8144 T12696 T12697 det each,mouse R8145 T12697 T12695 pobj mouse,for R8146 T12698 T12699 mark so,were R8147 T12699 T12689 advcl were,normalized R8148 T12700 T12699 mark that,were R8149 T12701 T12702 compound S16,levels R815 T1721 T1722 punct [,19 R8150 T12702 T12699 nsubj levels,were R8151 T12703 T12699 acomp equal,were R8152 T12704 T12703 prep to,equal R8153 T12705 T12704 pobj 1,to R8154 T12706 T12707 punct (,units R8155 T12707 T12705 parataxis units,1 R8156 T12708 T12707 amod arbitrary,units R8157 T12709 T12707 punct ),units R8158 T12710 T12689 punct .,normalized R8159 T12805 T12806 advmod In,situ R816 T1722 T1714 parataxis 19,proposed R8160 T12806 T12807 amod situ,hybridization R8161 T12809 T12810 amod Coronal,sections R8162 T12810 T12811 nsubjpass sections,cut R8163 T12812 T12811 auxpass were,cut R8164 T12813 T12811 prep from,cut R8165 T12814 T12815 det the,epithelia R8166 T12815 T12813 pobj epithelia,from R8167 T12816 T12815 amod olfactory,epithelia R8168 T12817 T12815 prep of,epithelia R8169 T12818 T12819 det an,mouse R817 T1723 T1722 nummod 14,19 R8170 T12819 T12817 pobj mouse,of R8171 T12820 T12819 amod adult,mouse R8172 T12821 T12822 punct (,Figure R8173 T12822 T12819 parataxis Figure,mouse R8174 T12823 T12822 nummod 4,Figure R8175 T12824 T12822 punct ),Figure R8176 T12825 T12819 cc and,mouse R8177 T12826 T12827 det a,mouse R8178 T12827 T12819 conj mouse,mouse R8179 T12828 T12827 amod young,mouse R818 T1724 T1722 punct ""","",19" R8180 T12829 T12830 punct (,P6 R8181 T12830 T12828 parataxis P6,young R8182 T12831 T12830 punct ),P6 R8183 T12832 T12827 nmod C57BL,mouse R8184 T12833 T12832 punct /,C57BL R8185 T12834 T12832 nummod 6,C57BL R8186 T12835 T12811 punct .,cut R8187 T12837 T12838 nmod RNA,hybridization R8188 T12838 T12841 nsubjpass hybridization,carried R8189 T12839 T12840 advmod in,situ R819 T1725 T1722 nummod 16,19 R8190 T12840 T12838 amod situ,hybridization R8191 T12842 T12841 auxpass was,carried R8192 T12843 T12841 prt out,carried R8193 T12844 T12845 mark as,described R8194 T12845 T12841 advcl described,carried R8195 T12846 T12845 advmod previously,described R8196 T12847 T12848 punct [,53 R8197 T12848 T12845 parataxis 53,described R8198 T12849 T12848 nummod 15,53 R8199 T12850 T12848 punct ""","",53" R82 T386 T371 nsubj we,find R820 T1726 T1722 punct ""","",19" R8200 T12851 T12848 punct ],53 R8201 T12852 T12841 prep with,carried R8202 T12853 T12854 npadvmod digoxigenin,labeled R8203 T12854 T12856 amod labeled,riboprobes R8204 T12855 T12854 punct -,labeled R8205 T12856 T12852 pobj riboprobes,with R8206 T12857 T12856 amod antisense,riboprobes R8207 T12858 T12856 amod specific,riboprobes R8208 T12859 T12858 prep for,specific R8209 T12860 T12861 det the,UTRs R821 T1727 T1722 punct ],19 R8210 T12861 T12859 pobj UTRs,for R8211 T12862 T12861 nummod 3,UTRs R8212 T12863 T12862 punct ',3 R8213 T12864 T12861 prep of,UTRs R8214 T12865 T12866 compound genes,AY318555 R8215 T12866 T12864 pobj AY318555,of R8216 T12867 T12868 punct (,kb R8217 T12868 T12866 parataxis kb,AY318555 R8218 T12869 T12868 nummod 0.5,kb R8219 T12870 T12868 punct ),kb R822 T1728 T1714 punct .,proposed R8220 T12871 T12866 cc and,AY318555 R8221 T12872 T12866 conj AY317365,AY318555 R8222 T12873 T12874 punct (,kb R8223 T12874 T12872 parataxis kb,AY317365 R8224 T12875 T12874 nummod 0.5,kb R8225 T12876 T12874 punct ),kb R8226 T12877 T12841 punct .,carried R8227 T12879 T12880 compound Riboprobe,sequences R8228 T12880 T12881 nsubjpass sequences,generated R8229 T12882 T12881 auxpass were,generated R823 T1730 T1731 prep In,bring R8230 T12883 T12881 prep by,generated R8231 T12884 T12883 pobj PCR,by R8232 T12885 T12881 advcl using,generated R8233 T12886 T12887 compound primer,pairs R8234 T12887 T12885 dobj pairs,using R8235 T12888 T12889 nummod 5,TCTTCCAAACCTGGACCCCCC R8236 T12889 T12887 appos TCTTCCAAACCTGGACCCCCC,pairs R8237 T12890 T12888 punct ',5 R8238 T12891 T12889 punct -,TCTTCCAAACCTGGACCCCCC R8239 T12892 T12889 punct -,TCTTCCAAACCTGGACCCCCC R824 T1732 T1733 nummod one,model R8240 T12893 T12889 nummod 3,TCTTCCAAACCTGGACCCCCC R8241 T12894 T12889 punct ',TCTTCCAAACCTGGACCCCCC R8242 T12895 T12889 cc and,TCTTCCAAACCTGGACCCCCC R8243 T12896 T12897 nummod 5,ATCTCTCCAGCACCTTACTTG R8244 T12897 T12889 conj ATCTCTCCAGCACCTTACTTG,TCTTCCAAACCTGGACCCCCC R8245 T12898 T12896 punct ',5 R8246 T12899 T12897 punct -,ATCTCTCCAGCACCTTACTTG R8247 T12900 T12897 punct -,ATCTCTCCAGCACCTTACTTG R8248 T12901 T12897 nummod 3,ATCTCTCCAGCACCTTACTTG R8249 T12902 T12897 punct ',ATCTCTCCAGCACCTTACTTG R825 T1733 T1730 pobj model,In R8250 T12903 T12885 prep for,using R8251 T12904 T12903 pobj AY318555,for R8252 T12905 T12885 cc and,using R8253 T12906 T12907 compound primer,pairs R8254 T12907 T12885 conj pairs,using R8255 T12908 T12909 nummod 5,TAAGATGTAAGTGATAATTTAGATTACAGG R8256 T12909 T12907 appos TAAGATGTAAGTGATAATTTAGATTACAGG,pairs R8257 T12910 T12908 punct ',5 R8258 T12911 T12909 punct -,TAAGATGTAAGTGATAATTTAGATTACAGG R8259 T12912 T12909 punct -,TAAGATGTAAGTGATAATTTAGATTACAGG R826 T1734 T1731 punct """, "",bring" R8260 T12913 T12909 nummod 3,TAAGATGTAAGTGATAATTTAGATTACAGG R8261 T12914 T12909 punct ',TAAGATGTAAGTGATAATTTAGATTACAGG R8262 T12915 T12909 cc and,TAAGATGTAAGTGATAATTTAGATTACAGG R8263 T12916 T12917 nummod 5,TTTCTGCCTCAGCTATGACAG R8264 T12917 T12909 conj TTTCTGCCTCAGCTATGACAG,TAAGATGTAAGTGATAATTTAGATTACAGG R8265 T12918 T12916 punct ',5 R8266 T12919 T12917 punct -,TTTCTGCCTCAGCTATGACAG R8267 T12920 T12917 punct -,TTTCTGCCTCAGCTATGACAG R8268 T12921 T12917 nummod 3,TTTCTGCCTCAGCTATGACAG R8269 T12922 T12917 punct ',TTTCTGCCTCAGCTATGACAG R827 T1735 T1736 amod somatic,recombination R8270 T12923 T12907 prep for,pairs R8271 T12924 T12923 pobj AY317365,for R8272 T12925 T12881 punct .,generated R8273 T12927 T12928 nsubjpass Hybridization,carried R8274 T12929 T12928 auxpass was,carried R8275 T12930 T12928 prt out,carried R8276 T12931 T12928 prep in,carried R8277 T12932 T12933 nummod 50,% R8278 T12933 T12934 compound %,formamide R8279 T12934 T12931 pobj formamide,in R828 T1736 T1731 nsubj recombination,bring R8280 T12935 T12928 prep at,carried R8281 T12936 T12937 nummod 65,°C R8282 T12937 T12935 pobj °C,at R8283 T12938 T12928 punct """, "",carried" R8284 T12939 T12928 cc and,carried R8285 T12940 T12941 nsubjpass slides,washed R8286 T12941 T12928 conj washed,carried R8287 T12942 T12941 auxpass were,washed R8288 T12943 T12941 prep at,washed R8289 T12944 T12945 amod high,stringency R829 T1737 T1736 compound DNA,recombination R8290 T12945 T12943 pobj stringency,at R8291 T12946 T12947 punct (,°C R8292 T12947 T12945 parataxis °C,stringency R8293 T12948 T12947 nummod 65,°C R8294 T12949 T12947 punct """, "",°C" R8295 T12950 T12951 nsubj 0.2,SSC R8296 T12951 T12947 ccomp SSC,°C R8297 T12952 T12951 punct ×,SSC R8298 T12953 T12947 punct ),°C R8299 T12954 T12941 punct .,washed R83 T387 T388 mark that,differ R830 T1738 T1731 aux would,bring R8300 T12956 T12957 det The,probes R8301 T12957 T12958 nsubj probes,hybridize R8302 T12959 T12957 appos each,probes R8303 T12960 T12958 prep to,hybridize R8304 T12961 T12962 advmod only,band R8305 T12962 T12960 pobj band,to R8306 T12963 T12962 nummod one,band R8307 T12964 T12962 prep on,band R8308 T12965 T12966 det a,blot R8309 T12966 T12964 pobj blot,on R831 T1739 T1740 nummod one,gene R8310 T12967 T12966 compound Southern,blot R8311 T12968 T12958 punct """, "",hybridize" R8312 T12969 T12958 advcl indicating,hybridize R8313 T12970 T12971 mark that,detects R8314 T12971 T12969 ccomp detects,indicating R8315 T12972 T12973 det each,probe R8316 T12973 T12971 nsubj probe,detects R8317 T12974 T12971 advmod only,detects R8318 T12975 T12976 nummod one,gene R8319 T12976 T12971 dobj gene,detects R832 T1740 T1731 dobj gene,bring R8320 T12977 T12978 amod olfactory,receptor R8321 T12978 T12976 compound receptor,gene R8322 T12979 T12958 punct .,hybridize R8323 T12981 T12982 compound BLAST,analyses R8324 T12982 T12983 nsubj analyses,show R8325 T12984 T12985 mark that,is R8326 T12985 T12983 advcl is,show R8327 T12986 T12987 det the,probe R8328 T12987 T12985 nsubj probe,is R8329 T12988 T12987 compound AY318555,probe R833 T1741 T1742 amod olfactory,receptor R8330 T12989 T12985 acomp unique,is R8331 T12990 T12985 prep in,is R8332 T12991 T12992 poss Celera,assembly R8333 T12992 T12990 pobj assembly,in R8334 T12993 T12991 case 's,Celera R8335 T12994 T12995 compound mouse,genome R8336 T12995 T12992 compound genome,assembly R8337 T12996 T12997 punct (,Release R8338 T12997 T12985 parataxis Release,is R8339 T12998 T12997 nummod 13,Release R834 T1742 T1740 compound receptor,gene R8340 T12999 T12997 punct ),Release R8341 T13000 T12985 punct """, "",is" R8342 T13001 T12985 cc and,is R8343 T13002 T13003 mark that,is R8344 T13003 T12985 conj is,is R8345 T13004 T13005 det the,probe R8346 T13005 T13003 nsubj probe,is R8347 T13006 T13005 compound AY317365,probe R8348 T13007 T13003 acomp similar,is R8349 T13008 T13007 prep to,similar R835 T1743 T1731 prep into,bring R8350 T13009 T13010 advmod only,region R8351 T13010 T13008 pobj region,to R8352 T13011 T13010 nummod one,region R8353 T13012 T13010 amod other,region R8354 T13013 T13010 amod genomic,region R8355 T13014 T12983 punct .,show R8356 T13016 T13017 det This,region R8357 T13017 T13020 nsubj region,is R8358 T13018 T13017 amod potential,region R8359 T13019 T13017 amod cross-hybridizing,region R836 T1744 T1745 det a,configuration R8360 T13021 T13022 quantmod over,10 R8361 T13022 T13023 nummod 10,Mb R8362 T13023 T13024 npadvmod Mb,from R8363 T13024 T13020 prep from,is R8364 T13025 T13026 det the,region R8365 T13026 T13024 pobj region,from R8366 T13027 T13026 amod nearest,region R8367 T13028 T13029 amod olfactory,receptor R8368 T13029 T13026 compound receptor,region R8369 T13030 T13026 compound coding,region R837 T1745 T1743 pobj configuration,into R8370 T13031 T13020 cc and,is R8371 T13032 T13020 conj is,is R8372 T13033 T13032 advmod thus,is R8373 T13034 T13035 advmod highly,unlikely R8374 T13035 T13032 acomp unlikely,is R8375 T13036 T13037 aux to,included R8376 T13037 T13035 xcomp included,unlikely R8377 T13038 T13037 auxpass be,included R8378 T13039 T13037 prep in,included R8379 T13040 T13041 det any,transcript R838 T1797 T1798 mark as,expressed R8380 T13041 T13039 pobj transcript,in R8381 T13042 T13043 amod olfactory,receptor R8382 T13043 T13041 compound receptor,transcript R8383 T13044 T13020 punct .,is R8384 T13046 T13047 amod Low,power R8385 T13047 T13049 compound power,images R8386 T13048 T13047 punct -,power R8387 T13049 T13050 nsubjpass images,composed R8388 T13051 T13050 auxpass are,composed R8389 T13052 T13050 prep of,composed R839 T1746 T1747 advmod transcriptionally,active R8390 T13053 T13054 nummod three,micrographs R8391 T13054 T13052 pobj micrographs,of R8392 T13055 T13054 amod overlapping,micrographs R8393 T13056 T13057 punct (,40 R8394 T13057 T13054 parataxis 40,micrographs R8395 T13058 T13057 punct ×,40 R8396 T13059 T13057 punct ),40 R8397 T13060 T13054 acl assembled,micrographs R8398 T13061 T13060 prep in,assembled R8399 T13062 T13063 compound Adobe,Photoshop R84 T388 T371 ccomp differ,find R840 T1798 T1792 advcl expressed,is R8400 T13063 T13061 pobj Photoshop,in R8401 T13064 T13063 nummod 7.0,Photoshop R8402 T13065 T13050 punct .,composed R8403 T13084 T13085 det A,list R8404 T13085 T13086 nsubjpass list,found R8405 T13087 T13085 prep of,list R8406 T13088 T13089 det the,primers R8407 T13089 T13087 pobj primers,of R8408 T13090 T13089 acl used,primers R8409 T13091 T13092 aux to,confirm R841 T1747 T1745 amod active,configuration R8410 T13092 T13090 advcl confirm,used R8411 T13093 T13094 det the,expression R8412 T13094 T13092 dobj expression,confirm R8413 T13095 T13094 prep of,expression R8414 T13096 T13097 amod olfactory,receptor R8415 T13097 T13098 compound receptor,genes R8416 T13098 T13095 pobj genes,of R8417 T13099 T13092 prep by,confirm R8418 T13100 T13101 compound RT,PCR R8419 T13101 T13099 pobj PCR,by R842 T1748 T1745 amod genomic,configuration R8420 T13102 T13101 punct -,PCR R8421 T13103 T13101 cc and,PCR R8422 T13104 T13101 conj PCR,PCR R8423 T13105 T13101 prep from,PCR R8424 T13106 T13107 compound cDNA,templates R8425 T13107 T13105 pobj templates,from R8426 T13108 T13107 compound library,templates R8427 T13109 T13086 aux can,found R8428 T13110 T13086 auxpass be,found R8429 T13111 T13086 prep in,found R843 T1799 T1800 advmod even,transgenes R8430 T13112 T13113 amod Additional,file R8431 T13113 T13111 pobj file,in R8432 T13114 T13113 compound data,file R8433 T13115 T13113 nummod 1,file R8434 T13116 T13086 punct .,found R8435 T13118 T13119 det The,conditions R8436 T13119 T13121 nsubjpass conditions,found R8437 T13120 T13119 amod experimental,conditions R8438 T13122 T13119 acl used,conditions R8439 T13123 T13122 prep for,used R844 T1800 T1798 nsubjpass transgenes,expressed R8440 T13124 T13125 amod real,time R8441 T13125 T13127 compound time,PCR R8442 T13126 T13125 punct -,time R8443 T13127 T13123 pobj PCR,for R8444 T13128 T13121 aux can,found R8445 T13129 T13121 auxpass be,found R8446 T13130 T13121 prep in,found R8447 T13131 T13132 amod Additional,file R8448 T13132 T13130 pobj file,in R8449 T13133 T13132 compound data,file R845 T1801 T1802 amod olfactory,receptor R8450 T13134 T13132 nummod 2,file R8451 T13135 T13121 punct .,found R846 T1749 T1731 punct """, "",bring" R847 T1802 T1800 compound receptor,transgenes R848 T1803 T1800 prep with,transgenes R849 T1804 T1805 amod identical,regions R85 T389 T390 compound transcript,levels R850 T1750 T1751 mark as,observed R851 T1805 T1803 pobj regions,with R852 T1806 T1805 amod upstream,regions R853 T1807 T1798 auxpass are,expressed R854 T1751 T1731 advcl observed,bring R855 T1808 T1798 prep in,expressed R856 T1809 T1810 amod different,neurons R857 T1810 T1808 pobj neurons,in R858 T1752 T1751 prep for,observed R859 T1811 T1812 punct [,18 R86 T390 T388 nsubj levels,differ R860 T1812 T1798 parataxis 18,expressed R861 T1813 T1812 punct ],18 R862 T1753 T1754 det the,locus R863 T1814 T1792 punct .,is R864 T1754 T1752 pobj locus,for R865 T1816 T1817 prep In,contain R866 T1818 T1819 det a,model R867 T1755 T1756 compound yeast,mating R868 T1819 T1816 pobj model,In R869 T1820 T1819 amod third,model R87 T391 T390 prep in,levels R870 T1756 T1757 compound mating,type R871 T1821 T1817 punct """, "",contain" R872 T1822 T1823 expl there,be R873 T1823 T1817 ccomp be,contain R874 T1757 T1754 compound type,locus R875 T1824 T1823 aux would,be R876 T1825 T1826 det a,quantity R877 T1826 T1823 attr quantity,be R878 T1758 T1759 punct [,20 R879 T1827 T1826 amod limiting,quantity R88 T392 T393 det the,epithelium R880 T1828 T1826 prep of,quantity R881 T1759 T1754 parataxis 20,locus R882 T1829 T1830 compound transcription,factors R883 T1830 T1828 pobj factors,of R884 T1831 T1817 punct -,contain R885 T1760 T1759 punct ],20 R886 T1832 T1833 det the,cell R887 T1833 T1817 nsubj cell,contain R888 T1834 T1817 aux might,contain R889 T1761 T1754 cc and,locus R89 T393 T391 pobj epithelium,in R890 T1835 T1836 det a,machine R891 T1836 T1817 dobj machine,contain R892 T1837 T1836 amod single,machine R893 T1762 T1763 det the,genes R894 T1838 T1836 amod transcriptional,machine R895 T1839 T1836 punct ',machine R896 T1840 T1836 punct ',machine R897 T1841 T1842 dep that,is R898 T1842 T1836 relcl is,machine R899 T1843 T1842 acomp capable,is R9 T305 T301 acomp available,is R90 T394 T393 amod olfactory,epithelium R900 T1763 T1754 conj genes,locus R901 T1764 T1763 amod mammalian,genes R902 T1844 T1843 prep of,capable R903 T1765 T1763 compound immunoglobulin,genes R904 T1845 T1844 pcomp accommodating,of R905 T1846 T1847 det the,promoter R906 T1847 T1845 dobj promoter,accommodating R907 T1766 T1767 punct [,21 R908 T1848 T1847 prep of,promoter R909 T1849 T1850 advmod only,gene R91 T395 T388 aux can,differ R910 T1767 T1763 parataxis 21,genes R911 T1850 T1848 pobj gene,of R912 T1851 T1850 nummod one,gene R913 T1852 T1853 amod olfactory,receptor R914 T1768 T1767 punct ],21 R915 T1853 T1850 compound receptor,gene R916 T1854 T1836 punct """, "",machine" R917 T1769 T1731 punct .,bring R918 T1855 T1836 amod similar,machine R919 T1856 T1855 prep to,similar R92 T396 T388 prep between,differ R920 T1857 T1858 det the,body R921 T1771 T1772 advmod Alternatively,invokes R922 T1858 T1856 pobj body,to R923 T1859 T1860 compound expression,site R924 T1860 T1858 compound site,body R925 T1861 T1858 acl used,body R926 T1773 T1772 punct """, "",invokes" R927 T1862 T1861 agent by,used R928 T1863 T1864 amod African,trypanosomes R929 T1864 T1862 pobj trypanosomes,by R93 T397 T398 amod olfactory,receptors R930 T1865 T1866 aux to,ensure R931 T1774 T1775 det a,model R932 T1866 T1861 advcl ensure,used R933 T1867 T1868 amod singular,expression R934 T1775 T1772 nsubj model,invokes R935 T1868 T1866 dobj expression,ensure R936 T1869 T1868 prep of,expression R937 T1776 T1775 amod second,model R938 T1870 T1871 advmod only,set R939 T1871 T1869 pobj set,of R94 T398 T396 pobj receptors,between R940 T1872 T1871 nummod one,set R941 T1777 T1778 det a,code R942 T1873 T1871 prep of,set R943 T1874 T1875 amod variant,glycoprotein R944 T1875 T1877 compound glycoprotein,genes R945 T1778 T1772 dobj code,invokes R946 T1876 T1875 compound surface,glycoprotein R947 T1877 T1873 pobj genes,of R948 T1878 T1879 punct [,22 R949 T1879 T1817 parataxis 22,contain R95 T399 T388 prep by,differ R950 T1880 T1879 punct ],22 R951 T1779 T1778 amod combinatorial,code R952 T1881 T1817 punct .,contain R953 T1883 T1884 advmod Finally,send R954 T1780 T1778 prep of,code R955 T1885 T1884 punct """, "",send" R956 T1886 T1884 prep in,send R957 T1781 T1782 compound transcription,factor R958 T1887 T1888 det a,model R959 T1888 T1886 pobj model,in R96 T400 T401 advmod up,300-fold R960 T1782 T1783 compound factor,sites R961 T1889 T1888 amod fourth,model R962 T1890 T1884 punct """, "",send" R963 T1891 T1892 amod transcriptional,activity R964 T1783 T1780 pobj sites,of R965 T1892 T1884 nsubj activity,send R966 T1893 T1892 prep at,activity R967 T1894 T1895 nummod one,allele R968 T1784 T1783 compound binding,sites R969 T1895 T1893 pobj allele,at R97 T401 T399 pcomp 300-fold,by R970 T1896 T1897 advmod stochastically,chosen R971 T1785 T1778 amod unique,code R972 T1897 T1895 amod chosen,allele R973 T1898 T1899 amod olfactory,receptor R974 T1899 T1895 compound receptor,allele R975 T1786 T1785 prep to,unique R976 T1900 T1884 aux might,send R977 T1901 T1902 amod negative,feedback R978 T1902 T1884 dobj feedback,send R979 T1787 T1788 det each,gene R98 T402 T401 quantmod to,300-fold R980 T1788 T1786 pobj gene,to R981 T1789 T1772 punct .,invokes R982 T1791 T1792 nsubj This,is R983 T1903 T1904 aux to,repress R984 T1904 T1884 advcl repress,send R985 T1793 T1792 acomp unlikely,is R986 T1905 T1904 dobj activity,repress R987 T1906 T1905 prep of,activity R988 T1907 T1908 det all,receptors R989 T1794 T1792 punct """, "",is" R99 T403 T371 punct .,find R990 T1908 T1906 pobj receptors,of R991 T1909 T1908 amod other,receptors R992 T1795 T1792 advmod however,is R993 T1910 T1908 amod olfactory,receptors R994 T1911 T1884 cc and,send R995 T1912 T1911 punct /,and R996 T1796 T1792 punct """, "",is" R997 T1913 T1911 cc or,and R998 T1914 T1915 amod positive,feedback R999 T2009 T2010 amod many,genes