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A comparative evaluation of the systemic and local alendronate treatment in synthetic bone graft: a histologic and histomorphometric study in a rat calvarial defect model.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the relative efficacy of systemic and local alendronate treatment of synthetic bone graft in a rat calvarial defect model.
STUDY DESIGN: Forty Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: experimental animals received alendronate systemically or locally combined with micro-macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate (MBCP) graft material. In the control group, the defect was left empty. On each animal, a 5-mm standardized bone defect was created with a standard trephine bur in calvarium. All animals were killed after 8 weeks. The number of osteoclasts, osteoclast morphology, resorption lacunae, osteoblastic activity, and lamellar bone formation were histopathologically evaluated and the newly formed bone area was analyzed histomorphometrically.
RESULTS: Eight weeks after surgery, the number of osteoclasts and the resorption lacunae in the MBCP group using systemic alendronate therapy was significantly higher than those of the other groups (P < .05). Osteoblast number in the MBCP group using systemic alendronate treatment was significantly increased (P < .05). No significant difference was found among all MBCP groups using local or systemic alendronate treatments with regard to new bone formation (P > .05).
CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of the study, alendronate, when administered systemically or locally, did not increase bone regeneration with MBCP graft in the rat calvarial defect model.
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