Based on the experience of other HCoVs, there are three potential factors related to neurological manifestations: direct invasion by virus, host immune response after infection, as well as the associated pulmonary and systemic diseases. The damage of direct invasion depends (in part) on the ability of virus to penetrate the CNS (neuroinvasion), infect neurons and glial cells (neurotropism), and induce neurological diseases (neurovirulence) [10]. It still remains unclear to what extent the CNS symptoms can be attributed to direct SARS-CoV-2 invasion or if these symptoms are mainly related to the secondary mechanisms.