Following the first COVID-19 case in Wuhan, China in December 2019, the disease spread rapidly to over 60 countries in early 2020. Consequently, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic on March 12, 2020, within 71 days of the first case (Zhu et al., 2020, World Health Organization, 2020c, World Health Organization, 2020d, World Health Organization, 2020e). As of March 31, COVID-19 was present in 206 countries, with 770 138 confirmed patients and 36 796 deaths worldwide (WHO, 2020b). Different countries are employing diverse methods to manage and prevent the further spread of COVID-19 (WHO, 2020a). Most countries are limiting contact between citizens, most notably China, where Wuhan was placed under lockdown within just 23 days of the outbreak, and contact with neighboring cities was forbidden (Lin et al., 2020). France, Switzerland, and Austria closed their borders on March 17, while France, Spain, Italy, Germany, and some states in the US have been implementing strict policies to limit contact between citizens, including nationwide stay-at-home orders, thereby preventing the domestic spread of COVID-19 (Kinross et al., 2020).