Table 2  Scale development.
Construct  Items and Sources
Role of E-Govt  Efforts of E-Govt, trust in E-Govt, support of E-Govt [26]
2019-nCoV-WOM  Information,countries’ status, 2019-nCoV- plan [68]
Epidemic protection  Hand wash, mask, motivation to protect [69,70]
Attitude toward epidemic outbreak  Willingness to quarantine, health psychology, doctors’ advice [71]
Online Social presence in outbreak  More present in quarantine, present for social support, present to discuss COVID-19