Current understanding of the pathogenesis of HCoVs infection is still limited, especially for SARS-CoV-2. Before 2019, there were six CoVs that could infect humans and cause respiratory disease. HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 are sometimes attributed to the “common cold”, but in rare cases can cause severe infections in infants, young children and elderly people. On the other hand, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV can infect the lower respiratory tract and cause a severe respiratory syndrome in human [3,12]. The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is similar to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV and can infect lower respiratory tract and cause severe pneumonia.