Sequence Analyses Observed over expected ratios were calculated by dividing the codon observed frequency (described above) by the expected frequency obtained from the codon use table for the species at http://www.kazusa.or.jp/codon/. Reading frame frequencies for CDR AGY triplets were determined manually, with the provision that any non-Ser AGY triplet that overlapped a FR–CDR boundary was conservatively included in the corresponding non-coding CDR Ser reading frame.